Islamic Ethics Research Articles

The Enlightened Path: Muḥammad ‘Abduh's Fusion of Reason and Revelation

This research paper, titled "The Enlightened Path: Muḥammad ‘Abduh's Fusion of Reason and Revelation," explores the transformative influence of Muḥammad ‘Abduh’s rationalist theology on modern Islamic thought. Focusing on his seminal work "Risālat al-Tawḥīd" the study examines how Abduh’s integration of reason and revelation has provided a framework for a dynamic and progressive interpretation of Islamic teachings in particular contemporary theology. The research highlights Abduh’s belief in the compatibility of faith and reason, arguing that rational thought is essential to truly understand God’s unity (Tawḥīd) and Islamic ethics. This research demonstrates the continuing significance of Abduh's rationalist theology and offers a helpful framework for negotiating the challenges of modernity, identity, and religion. It asks for more investigation into the long-term effects of Abduh's theories, theological comparisons, and real-world implementations of his reforms in Muslim countries today. Muḥammad 'Abduh has shown by his enlightened path that revelation and reason can coexist peacefully, each enhancing the other and leading to a deeper and more applicable understanding of Islam in the contemporary world.

Introduction to special issue. Islamic ethics embodied

Introduction to special issue. Islamic ethics embodied

PMarketing in Consumer Interest Attracting Strategy Reviewed from Islamic Business Ethics (Case Study on Meatball and Chicken Noodle Traders in Purnama Larangan Luar Village)

This study aims to examine how the application of Islamic business ethics in marketing strategies can affect consumer interest, with a case study on Bakso and Mie Ayam Purnama traders in Larangan Luar Village. The Islamic business ethics approach includes the principles of honesty in promotion, fairness in pricing, trustworthiness in service, avoidance of usury and fraud, social and environmental benefits, and openness to criticism and suggestions (ihtisab). The results show that traders who consistently apply the principles of Islamic business ethics can increase consumer trust, satisfaction, and loyalty. Honesty in promotion and transparency of information help build trust, while fair pricing creates customer satisfaction. Trustworthy and quality service provides a positive experience for consumers, and openness to criticism and suggestions strengthens the relationship between merchants and consumers. Overall, the application of Islamic business ethics in marketing strategies proved to be effective in attracting consumers and improving business reputation in the eyes of the community. This study also provides recommendations for merchants to continue developing ethical and sustainable marketing strategies, as well as suggestions for further research in expanding the understanding of the impact of Islamic business ethics in various business contexts.

Evaluasi Pembelajaran Pendidikan Agama Islam Berbasis Ranah Afektif

Islamic Religious Education (PAI) is a process of transferring knowledge, understanding, values ​​and practicing Islamic teachings in a planned, systematic and sustainable manner. In other words, PAI is an effort to develop the natural instinct of students that has been brought since birth into an ability and strength that can produce professional competence. On the one hand, natural instinct can be interpreted as a tendency (potential) to know, understand and practice Islamic teachings both as servants of Allah and as caliphs of Allah on earth. To develop this natural instinct, PAI must be able to direct and guide students in accordance with Islamic teachings. One thing that is very urgent in the implementation of PAI is that it must be based on the instillation of Islamic morals by emphasizing the instillation and habituation of moral action in the lives of students. This is based on the assumption that the essence of Islamic teachings is the practice and practice of akhlaq al-karîmah.

Penerapan Project Based Learning dalam Meningkatkan Hasil Belajar Siswa pada Mata Pelajaran Pendidikan Agama Islam (PAI) di Kelas VC SD Negeri 13/I Muara Bulian dengan Menggunakan Metode Tanya Jawab

This research aims to explore the implementation of Project Based Learning (PjBL) combined with the question-and-answer method in improving student learning outcomes in Islamic Religious Education (PAI) for class VC at SD Negeri 13/I Muara Bulian. The study adopts a qualitative research methodology, focusing on the participation of all students in class VC during September. The research examines how the PjBL method allows students to engage actively in learning by completing projects related to PAI material, such as constructing prayer models or creating reports on Islamic ethics in daily life. The integration of the question-and-answer method plays a crucial role in clarifying students' understanding of complex material while encouraging critical thinking through interaction and dialogue. Data were collected through classroom observations, interviews with teachers and students, and analysis of student project work and reflections. Observations revealed that students showed increased enthusiasm and participation during lessons, especially when given the opportunity to work on meaningful projects that applied religious teachings to real-life contexts. Teachers acknowledged that the question-and-answer method helped in identifying students' difficulties and allowed immediate clarification, leading to better understanding and active classroom interaction. Interviews with students indicated that they found the PjBL approach more engaging and practical compared to traditional learning methods. They expressed that they could better understand and apply the religious concepts they learned because of the hands-on nature of the projects. However, some challenges were noted, particularly for students who were more passive or shy, as they found it difficult to engage fully in group discussions and the question-and-answer sessions. The teachers recognized this issue and made efforts to encourage these students to participate more actively in the learning process. Overall, the research concluded that the combination of Project Based Learning and the question-and-answer method significantly improved student learning outcomes. It fostered a more active and engaging learning environment, enhanced students' understanding of the material, and developed critical thinking and collaboration skills. Although there were challenges, such as time management for project completion and ensuring equal participation among students, the overall effectiveness of this teaching approach was evident. The study suggests that this method can be applied as an alternative strategy in teaching Islamic Religious Education or other subjects that require practical and interactive learning at the elementary school level.

A RESEARCH TREND: TALENT MANAGEMENT PRACTICE IN HALAL MANAGEMENT

The abstract highlights the growing significance of integrating talent management practices within Halal management frameworks to ensure compliance with Halal standards and foster sustainable growth in the global Halal industry. Despite limited research, this research utilizes a Systematic Literature Review (SLR) using Scopus to investigate current trends, challenges, and opportunities. Bibliometric analysis and visualization techniques are employed to map the research landscape, identify key contributors, and analyze thematic evolution. Results indicate a growing interest in integrating talent management with Halal principles, emphasizing the need for Islamic ethics, Halal standards, and cultural sensitivities in talent strategies. Emerging themes include Sharia-compliant leadership and ethical recruitment, suggesting areas for further exploration. The research underscores the significance of tailored talent management approaches in Halal-certified organizations to address unique challenges and leverage opportunities for sustainable growth.

Gender Integration in Islamic Politics: Fiqh Siyasah on Women's Political Rights since Classical to Contemporary Interpretations

This study examines the controversy surrounding gender equality in women's political rights in the public sphere. This discussion arises from differing interpretations of existing texts, which have persisted from the classical era to the contemporary period. This study employs normative legal research, utilizing library materials and secondary data as primary sources. It involves reviewing literature, including articles, books, and other relevant resources. The collected data, comprising primary and secondary legal materials, is analyzed qualitatively and presented descriptively. The study finds that Islam upholds gender equality by placing women in a noble and honorable position and affirming their rights and roles as stated in the words of Allah. Among classical Islamic scholars, there is debate about whether women are permitted to hold leadership roles. Imam Malik, Imam Shafi'i, and Ahmad Ibn Hanbal prohibited it, while Imam Abu Hanifah allowed women to lead if they possessed adequate capability and competence. Scholars like Ibn Jarir Al-Tabari and Ibn Hazm also allowed women to assume leadership positions without any conditions. Contemporary scholars, including Ibn Ashur, Yusuf al-Qaradawi, and Quraish Shihab, support women's participation in politics, both in voting and being elected. Yusuf al-Qaradawi, however, set conditions, emphasizing that women must adhere to Islamic ethics, fulfill their duties as wives and mothers, and not violate Sharia principles. If the exercise of women's political rights leads to harm, it is prohibited based on the principle of sadd al-zari'ah. This study contributes to the understanding of Islamic perspectives on gender equality in politics, examining viewpoints from both classical and contemporary scholars. It also provides a discourse on the conditions required for women to exercise their political rights within the framework of Islamic law.

KH Mohammad Cholil Bisri's Da’wah in the Field of Islamic Politics in Indonesia

This study aims to analyze the political da’wah activities of KH Mohammad Cholil Bisri in Indonesia and its impact on the development of Islamic politics. Using descriptive qualitative methods and political approaches. Data collection techniques through interviews and documentation. The study results indicate that KH Cholil Bisri plays an important role in Islamic politics in Indonesia, especially through preaching that integrates Islamic values with national life. Since the 1971 to 1992 elections, he has been active in voicing the importance of Islamic morality in politics while overseeing the birth of the National Awakening Party (PKB). His political da’wah paved the way for inclusive and moderate Islam in national politics. The impact of KH Cholil Bisri's political da’wah is the creation of a strengthening of moderate Islamic politics by Indonesian national values, making him an important figure in formulating fair and just state policies. The implications of this study suggest that KH Mohammad Cholil Bisri's political da’wah significantly contributed to the shaping of inclusive and moderate Islamic politics in Indonesia, offering valuable insights for future political leaders in integrating Islamic values with national governance to promote justice, unity, and social harmony.

Analisis Perilaku Konsumtif Remaja terhadap Penggunaan Shopeepay Ditinjau dari Etika Konsumsi dalam Islam Studi Kasus pada Desa Pagerbarang

This study aims to examine the consumer behavior of teenagers in pagerbarang village in using ShopeePay and analyze it from the perspective of Islamic consumption ethics. Data were collected through in-depth interviews with twenty teenagers selected using the snowball sampling technique. The results indicate that consumer behavior is influenced by discounts, promotions, transaction convenience, and social pressure. Teenagers tend to make impulsive purchases driven by emotional needs and low financial literacy. From the perspective of Islamic consumption ethics, such behavior contradicts the principles of moderation (qanâ’ah) and prohibition of extravagance (israf). Teenagers often overlook these values due to social and technological influences that facilitate easy transactions. Therefore, increasing awareness of financial literacy and religious values is crucial to fostering more prudent consumer behavior.

Arah Kebijakan dan Strategi Pendidikan Islam Kementerian Agama Indonesia

The educational path is a vehicle through which students develop their potential in an educational process by the objectives of education. In reality, there are still many problems in implementing the education system, especially Islamic education in Indonesia. The transformation of Islamic education, which refers to the direction of the Ministry of Religion's policy in the field of education, needs to be carried out by further developing a broader concept of education by the dynamics and developments of society. The method used in this study is library research. The results of this study indicate that: 1) Islamic education must be directed to (i) creating Islamic morals, faithful, and pious humans, (ii) believing it as a truth, and (iii) proving it in action. 2) The direction of Islamic education policy in the Ministry of Religious Affairs of the Republic of Indonesia includes: a) Strengthening the education system with a moderate perspective, b) Increasing the quality of educators in educational units, c) Increasing student participation in educational units, d) Increasing the number of teachers who meet the SNP, e) Increasing the standard of education quality, f) Strengthening student character education, g) Increasing the quality of vocational education based on cooperation with the world of work/industry, h) Increasing the quality of PTKI with an international reputation, i) Increasing the quality of PTK graduates accepted in the world of work, j) Increasing the quality of research utilization, k) Increasing the effective and accountable organizational governance of the Directorate General of Islamic Education.

Tinjauan Etika Bisnis Islam Dan Fiqih Muamalah Terhadap Praktik Jasa Keperantaraan Dalam Jual Beli Cabai Besar

Brokerage services have experienced growth and development in the business world in society. Business actors, especially large chili farmers, are increasingly relying on intermediary services to facilitate the sale of their crops so that their income can be disbursed more quickly. The aim of this research is to explain the review of Islamic business ethics and muamalah fiqh on the practice of delivery services in buying and selling large chilies in Tegalan Village, Kandat District, Kediri Regency. This research uses a descriptive qualitative approach. Obtaining data through observation, interviews, and documentation is finally analyzed using data reduction, data presentation, and conclusions. Checking the validity of the data uses extended participation techniques, persistence or regularity of observations, and data triangulation. Research findings show that the review of Islamic business ethics which includes unity (tauḫid), equilibrium/balance (al-'adl), free will (free will), and responsibility (responsibility) has not been fully fulfilled in this practice. Furthermore, this practice is partly by the pillars and requirements of muamalah fiqh, namely aqid and ma'qud alaih, but what is not appropriate is related to maudhu' al-aqid and sighat of the contract. The practice of intermediary services in buying and selling large chilies in Tegalan Village, Kandat District, Kediri Regency, involves two transaction schemes. The basic difference between these schemes: there is an additional transaction in the second scheme, namely that the service provider provides capital loans to farmers. This practice uses a samsarah contract, where the intermediary who sells the farmer's chili does not bear the risk but instead charges operational costs to the farmer. These operational costs are not explained in detail to farmers and the prices agreed between intermediaries and market traders are not communicated to farmers.

A Heuristic Approach to Ethics in Islam: The Possible Meanings of Good and Evil

A Heuristic Approach to Ethics in Islam: The Possible Meanings of Good and Evil

Editorial Note

This issue of the American Journal of Islam and Society (Volume 41 Nos. 3-4) comprises three main research articles, which respectively engage with the themes of political loyalty, justice and the just ruler, and popular preaching. We begin with Abdessamad Belhaj’s study, “Political Loyalty in Reformist Islamic Ethics: Resources and Limits.” We then turn to Fadi Zatari and Omar Fili’s contribution, “Justice and the Just Ruler in the Islamic Mirror of Princes.” For our third research article for this issue, we have Hatim Mahamid and Younis Abu Alhaija’s work, “Popular Religious Preaching as Informal Education and its Impact on Medieval Islamic Culture.” This issue of the AJIS also includes several book reviews, including Iymon Majid’s review essay “Integrating Kashmir.” Majid’s essay considers two recently published and important works, Shahla Hussain’s Kashmir in the Aftermath of Partition and Hafsa Kanjwal’s Colonizing Kashmir: State-Building under Indian Occupation. AJIS Volume 41 Nos. 3-4 ends with two insightful forum pieces. The first is Mohamed Alio’s contribution, “The Mazrui Dynasty: Serving Islam in East Africa” and the second is Shahzar Raza Khan’s piece on the famous Urdu poet Akbar Allahabadi.

Political Loyalty in Reformist Islamic Ethics

This article critically examines three authoritative Islamic discourses on political loyalty produced by prominent figures of Sunni reformist Islam: The Egyptian-Qatari Yūsuf al-Qaraḍāwī (1926-2022), the Mauritanian ʿAbdallāh b. Bayyah (b. 1935), and the Iraqi-Qatari ʿAlī al-Qaradāghī (b. 1949). First, I analyze the key arguments presented in each discourse: al-Qaradāghī advocates that allegiance is determined by fairness, whereas al-Qaraḍāwī retains a realist perspective on loyalty in context, while ʿAbdallāh b. Bayyah argues for a complementary relationship between loyalty to religion and to the homeland. Second, I discuss the three discourses in terms of the foundations, manifestations, and implications for political loyalty. Finally, I point out some of the limitations of the reformist notion of political loyalty toward non-Muslims, particularly in pluralist societies.

SYNERGY OF ISLAMIC BUSINESS ETHICS AND MADURESE CULTURE IN THE MANAGEMENT OF MADURESE GROCERY STALLS

This research examines the implementation of agrarian ethics values, Islamic business ethics in the management of Madurese grocery stalls in urban areas. Using a qualitative method with a multilevel explanatory case study approach, this study found that Madurese grocery stalls adopt Islamic ethical values such as honesty, justice, and social responsibility, which are combined with the hard work ethic and persistence of Madurese agrarian culture. Results show a harmonious integration of Islamic business ethics, Madurese cultural values, and modern business practices, creating a unique and sustainable business model. The success of Madurese grocery stalls is based on strong business ethics principles, the mentality of farmers, the principle of making ends meet, and the ability to maintain traditional values while adapting to the demands of the modern market. The implementation of Islamic business ethics values is seen in the honesty of profit-sharing and reporting systems, fairness of profit sharing, trust in management, willingness in business agreements, and social responsibility. .

The Application of Islamic Business Ethics from the Perspective of Sheikh Yusuf al-Qaradawi (Case Study on Grocery and Vegetable Stores in Cimenyan, Bandung City)

This research aims to analyze the implementation of Islamic business ethics principles in business transactions at Reni's store. Islamic business ethics emphasizes principles such as justice, the prohibition of usury and exploitation, honesty, and the ban of deceit in business activities, which are essential for creating fair and blessed transactions. Data were collected using a descriptive qualitative approach, observation, and direct interviews with the shop owner and several customers. The results show that Reni's Store strives to apply the values of Islamic business ethics, such as transparency in pricing, honesty in transactions, and openness to customers. Although there are still challenges in daily practices, such as economic pressures and price competition, the implementation of these ethics has a positive impact on customer trust and business sustainability. This research is expected to provide valuable insights to small business owners in understanding the importance of Islamic business ethics in enhancing the blessings and sustainability of their businesses

Behavioral responses of cows and goats during slaughtering for Eid Al-Adha: A field study in Surakarta

This study aims to observe and analyze the response and behavior of cows and goats during the slaughter process of sacrificial animals on Eid al-Adha 1445H in Surakarta, Indonesia. The study focuses on the various stages of slaughter, from transportation, placement, slaughter process, to post slaughter handling, with the aim of improving the welfare of animals through a better understanding of their behavior under these conditions. The research method used is a qualitative approach by conducting participatory observations, in-depth interviews, and visual documentation (photos and videos) at several slaughter sites in Surakarta. Research participants include slaughtering officers, qurbani organizers, veterinary experts, and the surrounding community. The data were analyzed thematically to identify the behavior patterns and responses of animals and the factors that influence them. The object of the study consisted of cows and goats prepared for qurban. The study found that cows that were transported and treated gently showed lower levels of stress than those who were treated roughly. Cows tend to exhibit aggressive behavior when they feel threatened. Goats, on the other hand, are quicker to show signs of stress and agitation during transportation and placement, but tend to be less aggressive than cows. The study results indicate that quick and Islamic slaughter techniques, the use of sharp and clean tools, and gentle handling by personnel can reduce animal stress and aggression. A calm and orderly environment also helps alleviate animal anxiety during the slaughtering process. Similarly, the reactions of other animals near the slaughter site show signs of anxiety, affirming that animals can perceive the distress of their peers. These findings emphasize that slaughter practices aligned with Islamic ethics enhance animal welfare through swift slaughter and stress minimization, impacting meat quality, ethical compliance, and consumer satisfaction positively. The novelty or originality of this study lies in its holistic approach, encompassing all stages of sacrificial animal slaughter and focusing on two commonly used species, cows and goats. This research makes a significant contribution by providing practical recommendations to improve the welfare of sacrificial animals, taking into account technical and behavioral aspects specific to each species. The practical implications of these findings include the need for training slaughter personnel to understand procedures in accordance with Islamic principles and animal welfare standards. Slaughterhouses must be equipped with animal-friendly facilities to reduce stress. Additionally, strict supervision should be implemented to ensure compliance, resulting in high-quality meat and supporting the global halal industry's ethical standards.

Penerapan Aspek Etika Bisnis Islam Pada Plagialisasi Foto Dan Video di Online Shop

Photo and video plagiarism on online shop platforms is increasing along with the growth of digital commerce. This practice not only violates copyright, but also violates the principles of business ethics. This article discusses the application of aspects of Islamic business ethics in dealing with photo and video plagiarism in online shops. Using a qualitative approach, this research explores how values ​​such as justice, honesty and responsibility recommended in Islam can be applied to prevent and overcome plagiarism. The research results show that the application of Islamic business ethics can be an effective solution in building trust and integrity in the e-commerce ecosystem. It is hoped that these findings can become a reference for online business actors in developing more ethical and responsible business practices.

Islamic Legal Analysis on the Protection of Vulnerable Age Groups from Online Gender-Based Violence (OGBV) in Indonesia

Gender-Based Online Violence (GBOV) poses a significant challenge in safeguarding vulnerable groups, particularly in Indonesia, where digital literacy remains low among women and children. This study aims to analyze the phenomenon using the framework of Maqashid Syariah, emphasizing the protection of life (hifz an-nafs), dignity (hifz al-'ird), and progeny (hifz an-nasl). Employing a qualitative method, data were collected through literature reviews, case studies, and expert interviews to examine the intersection of Islamic principles and national legal frameworks, such as the Information and Electronic Transactions Law (ITE Law) and the Law on Sexual Violence Prevention (TPKS Law). The findings highlight that while Islamic principles provide a robust moral and legal foundation to combat GBOV, the implementation of national regulations remains inadequate due to gaps in specificity and enforcement. Additionally, the lack of digital literacy among vulnerable populations exacerbates the risks. This study underscores the importance of integrating Maqashid Syariah into policymaking, enhancing digital literacy through Islamic ethics, and fostering collaboration between government, religious leaders, and communities. These measures aim to create a safer, more inclusive digital environment while addressing GBOV comprehensively. The research offers a novel perspective by aligning Islamic jurisprudence with modern policy needs, contributing to the discourse on ethics and law in the digital age.

Fundamental Human Resource Management Concepts for Islamic Educational Institutions: Fostering Character and Religious Values through Strategic Workforce Development

In Islamic educational institutions, Human Resource Management (HRM) plays a critical role not only in supporting organizational sustainability but also in nurturing a workforce that aligns with Islamic values. HRM in this context goes beyond traditional personnel management, aiming to recruit, develop, and evaluate educators and staff who exemplify Islamic morals and ethics. By strategically planning, managing, and supervising human resources, Islamic institutions can create an environment that fosters moral integrity, religious attitudes, and a commitment to lifelong learning. This article explores foundational HRM concepts, with a focus on their application in Islamic education to enhance character formation, strengthen religious values, and support academic excellence