Variation In Investment Research Articles

The Influence of Investment on the Probability of Tencent Ltd Period 2008 – 2022

This research examines the influence of investment on profitability at Tencent Ltd. The data used is secondary data, which is the financial statements of Tencent Ltd. for the period 2008–2022. The method used is quantitative with multiple linear regression analysis, coefficient of determination, t-test, and F-test by processing data using Eviews software 10. The results show that Investment Cash Flow and Dividend income, which are Investment variables, have no effect either partially or simultaneously on Return on investment, which are Profitability variables at Tencent Ltd. (influenced by a level of 6.93%). This condition indicates there is no increase in profitability from investment cash flows and dividend income.

Social network investment of men: Cross-sectional and longitudinal associations with mental health problems.

Internationally, there is growing attention on links between social isolation and mental health problems. Here, we use unique Australian longitudinal data to investigate associations between adult men's (n = 507; age M = 29.90, SD = 1.31) social network investments and their concurrent and subsequent mental health problems. In linear regressions, using generalised estimating equations (GEEs), we examined associations between social network investment (time with friends, network size and various activities with friends) and mental health symptoms (depression, anxiety and stress) across five timepoints. Models were adjusted for waves of outcome and potential confounders. Cross-sectionally, each social network investment variable, except for drinking with friends, was negatively associated with depressive symptoms. Men's extended friendship network size and sharing a meal with friends were negatively associated with concurrent anxiety and stress. Time spent and physical activity with friends was also negatively associated with concurrent stress. In longitudinal analyses, after adjusting for prior depressive symptoms, only the number of friends in close and extended networks remained protective against depressive symptoms 1 year later. Results did not differ by fatherhood or relationship status. Programs designed to strengthen men's investment in social networks are recommended to reduce men's depressive symptoms.

Testing the Reciprocal Effect between Value of Education, Time Investment, and Academic Achievement in a Large Non-Western Sample.

Many theories of motivation suggest that motivation and academic achievement reinforce each other over time, yet few longitudinal studies have examined behavioral pathways that may mediate interplay from motivation to achievement. Moreover, empirical studies so far have mostly focused on Western countries. In this study, we first examined whether students' value of education, as a measure of motivation, is reciprocally related to achievement (class rank and self-rated performance) in a sample of junior high schoolers in an East-Asian country (N = 3445, Korean Youth Panel Study). We tested this reciprocity using different statistical models. Second, we investigated whether the relation between motivation and achievement was mediated by time invested in learning. Reciprocal effects between value of education and academic achievement were found in classic cross-lagged panel models, but only unilateral effects (from achievement to value of education) were found when we used random-intercept and random-curve cross-lagged panel models. Adding the time investment variable, the reciprocal effect between value of education, time investment, and academic achievement was found with the random intercept model. In conclusion, the reciprocity between of motivation and achievement are more elusive than previous research suggested; further studies should be dedicated to scrutinizing its existence with various statistical models.

The Effect of HDI, Unemployment, and Investment on GRDP and Poverty

Poverty is a major global development problem that must be continuously addressed so that it can be resolved more quickly. The purpose of this study was to find out direct and indirect effects of HDI, unemployment, and investment variables on GRDP and poverty during the 2017-2020 period. This type of research is quantitative descriptive research and the data used are secondary data. This study used a research method, namely panel data in the 2017-2020 period, with the fixed effect model (FEM) technique as the best technique. The interpretation method used a panel data regression analysis tool from the FEM method and path analysis. The result showed that the variables HDI (X1), Unemployment (X2) and Investment (X3) had a significant effect both directly on poverty (Z) and indirectly through GRDP (Yi) on poverty (Z). Then based on the result of the path analysis, HDI gives the biggest contribution in influencing the poverty level in Central Java Province.

Investment Decision in Indonesia Stock Exchange: The Demographic of Environmental, Social, and Governance Investors

Current investment decisions in stocks need to consider environmental, social, and governance factors in their investment analysis, in addition to considering aspects of the level of return and risk. The study aims to analyze who invests in Environmental, Social, and Governance (ESG) that fits a particular profile and whether that profile differs significantly from that of ordinary investors. In this survey, 415 individual Indonesian investors were surveyed. Survey respondents include those who invest according to ESG principles and those who are not interested in ESG, to determine if there are demographic differences. The research method used in the research is to use analysis of variance (ANOVA). The paper finds that the ANOVA assumption on the test of homogeneity variance states that the independent variable group has the same variance. Age variable has a significant effect on investment decisions. Meanwhile, gender, education, experience, and amount of investment variables do not affect investment decisions in ESG and non-ESG stocks. The demographic profile of investors who invest in ESG stocks has a significant difference to investors who make decisions to invest in non-ESG stocks. This study contributes to investors considering ESG factors in their investment decisions, and companies must also run their operations more with ESG principles.

The Effect of Foreign Investment, Population, Inflation and Wages on Educated Unemployment in Surakarta in 2016-2022

The problem in the economy that often occurs is unemployment. Unemployment cases are a problem that occurs a lot and is difficult to overcome. For this reason, this study was conducted with the aim of understanding well what factors cause the occurrence of educated unemployment in Surakarta City. For this reason, this study uses several factors that will be tested such as the influence of foreign investment, the number of residents, the amount of inflation and the difference in the minimum wage of the city of Surakarta. All data is based on information published from 2016-2022. The method used in this study is quantitative through time series data for 7 years. The source of data from this study is BPS (Central Statistics Agency) as well as various other sources that support. Then the analysis was carried out using the Ordinary Least Square (OLS) method. All tests are done with number processing and spss analysis applications. In accordance with the analysis actions carried out on all the data obtained, it can be explained some information on the findings of foreign investment variables that have a negative and significant effect on educated unemployment, population has a positive and significant effect on educated unemployment, inflation has a positive and insignificant effect on educated unemployment, wages have a positive and significant effect on educated unemployment in Surakarta City. For this reason, in general, all variables carried out in the study have a real influence as much as 96% on educated unemployment in Surakarta City.

Public Investment in Short-Cycle Tertiary Vocational Education: Historical, Longitudinal, and Fixed-Effects Analyses of Developed and Less-Developed Countries

We use three analytic steps to examine public investment in short-cycle tertiary education. First, reviewing the historical development, the literature reveals that national and regional policies on educational development emphasized bachelor’s programs in vocational education in the early twenty-first century, especially in the EU. This historical background informs the longitudinal trend analysis in the second step of the educational and public investment variables (2000–2018) in our econometric analysis. The combined descriptive studies illuminate competitive advantages for EU and ASEAN nations in networks emphasizing open economic and academic exchange. Third, the fixed-effects analysis indicates a higher level of investment in general tertiary education per student, associated with a lower enrollment level in short-cycle vocational and technical tertiary programs. Using insights from this three-step process, we explore the implications of a nation’s capacity to invest in short-cycle tertiary programs as part of economic development and the pursuit of social equity within and across countries. Specifically, we conclude that short-cycle programs are a step toward integrating vocational education into programs in polytechnics and other higher education institutions.

Genetic algorithm modeling of European Union firms' competitive advantage

PurposeThis research aims to identify the optimal configuration of investment which leads firms to their best competitive positions, considering the degree of concentration in the market.Design/methodology/approachThe methodology was quantitative and based on secondary data with samples of 124, 106 and 90 firms from competitive environment classified as perfect competition, monopolistic competition and oligopoly, respectively. Proposed models' parameters were estimated by means of genetic algorithms.FindingsAdjustments on firm's investment are contingent on the degree of competition they face. Results are in line with existing academic research affirmation that the purpose of investments is to create and exploit opportunities for positive economic rents and that investments allow firms to protect from rivals' competitive actions and reinforce the need for investment decision makers to consider the environment in which the firm is competing, when defining the amount of investment that must be done to achieve and maintain a favorable competitive advantage position.Originality/valueThis research brings two main original contributions. The first one is the identification of the optimal amount of capital and R&D investments which leads firms to their best competitive positions, contingent to the degree of concentration of the competitive environment in which they operate, and the size of the firm. The second one is related to the use of genetic algorithms to estimate optimization models that considers the three competitive environments studied (perfect competition, monopolistic competition and oligopoly) and the investment variables in the linear and quadratic forms.

A dynamic input-output model of the Tyumen Oblast south's development based on the von Neumann algorithm

Subject. This article deals with the problem of constructing a real trajectory of the region's development and comparing it with the stated one. Objectives. The article aims to develop an algorithm for calculating and analyzing a dynamic input-output model of the south of the Tyumen Oblast, including social and infrastructural subsystems, and households as an endogenous variable-aggregate. Methods. For the study, we used the methods of construction and analysis of dynamic models by W. Leontief and J. von Neumann. Indicators of balanced growth trajectories were estimated using the Perron–Frobenius theorem. Results. The article proposes an algorithm for the formation of an investment variable. The matrix of direct costs for each year and on average for the periods 2017–2019 and 2017–2020 was identified. Based on the available statistical data, von Neumann highways and model development trajectories were constructed. Conclusions. The shown mechanism for a possible comparison of actual and planned optimal development can help organize digital monitoring of the region's development and analyze deviations from the optimal forecast.

Analysis of the Influence Mechanism of New Urbanization on High-Quality Economic Development in Northeast China

This paper examines the effect of new urbanization on high-quality economic development in Northeast China, focusing on three aspects: urban factor aggregation, internal division of labor, and scale effect. A panel mediated and moderated effects model is used to analyze data from 34 cities between 2000 and 2020. The results show that new urbanization promotes high-quality economic development through the mediating variables of innovation, consumption, and investment, with a strong mediating effect observed for innovation and consumption and a relatively weaker effect for investment. Furthermore, the study finds that public services, ecological environment, and industrial structure upgrading have significant positive moderating effects on innovation and consumption mediation but a negative effect on investment. In promoting new urbanization, Northeast China should prioritize investment in innovative factors, expand domestic demand, upgrade consumption patterns, improve people’s livelihoods, enhance urban investment in social service functions, optimize investment to promote industrial upgrading and improve urban public services, ecological environment, and management efficiency.

Multiple stage stochastic planning of integrated electricity and gas system based on distributed approximate dynamic programming

With the increasing coupling of integrated electricity and gas systems, it's essential to implement a proper planning scheme. The planning of the integrated electricity and gas systems usually consists of multiple planning stages and various uncertainties, making the problem difficult to solve. In this paper, combining the approximate dynamic programming method and the alternating direction multiplier method, a distributed approximate dynamic programming based multiple stage stochastic planning scheme is proposed for the integrated electricity and gas systems. The multiple stage stochastic planning scheme realizes the coordination of new installation and expansion of power grid lines, natural gas pipelines, substations, city gates, photovoltaics, wind turbines, gas turbines and energy storage devices, while considering both the long-term and the short-term uncertainties. The multiple stage stochastic planning model is reformulated as a Markov decision process with a sequential decision strategy, in which the investment variables are decided stage by stage with long-term uncertainties gradually revealed in the planning period. The distributed approximate dynamic programming algorithm is used to solve the multiple stage stochastic planning model, which is in the form of the Markov decision process, by decoupling in both temporal and spatial dimensions. Numerical tests on the test system with a 24-node power grid and a 30-node natural gas network verify the effectiveness of the multiple stage stochastic planning model.

Unemployment in Pontianak City: Macroeconomic Determination

The purpose of this research is to analyze the influence of investment and population on the unemployment rate in the city of Pontianak. The data used is time series data for ten years from 2006 to 2015. The data analysis technique used is multiple linear regression. The results of this study show that first: the investment variable has no significant effect on the unemployment variable with a Sig value of 0.091. Second: the population variable has a significant edddffect on the unemployment variable with a Sig value of 0.037. Investment and population have a strong relationship with unemployment, which is 76%. The amount of investment and population will have an impact on the level of unemployment.

Analysis of factors influencing poverty in special region of Yogyakarta

This study examined how the poverty rate in Yogyakarta Special Region was affected simultaneously and partly by infrastructure, investments, economic growth, and district or city minimum salaries. In addition to time series data from 2014 to 2020, it used panel data with cross-sectional data from five districts or cities in the province of Yogyakarta Special Region. The Fixed Effect Model was the model employed in this investigation. The findings indicate that all independent variables, namely infrastructure, investment, economic growth, and district- or city-level minimum wages, affect the poverty rate simultaneously in the Special Region of Yogyakarta. The partial test results indicate that the infrastructure and investment variables have a positive but insignificant effect because they have yet to reach the periphery. In contrast, the economic growth variable has a significant impact.

ANALYSIS OF INDONESIA ECONOMIC GROWTH BASED ON INVESTMENT VALUE AND HUMAN DEVELOPMENT INDEX USING AN ECONOMETRIC APPROACH

The study aims to determine the effect of the Human Development Index (HDI) variable and investment variables which include Domestic Investment and Foreign Investment on the Gross Regional Domestic Product (GRDP) of 34 provinces in Indonesia in 2015-2019. The method used in this research is panel regression analysis. The results of the study indicate that the best panel data regression model for modeling GRDP is the Random Effect Model (REM). Based on the model formed, it is known that the variables HDI, Domestic Investment, and Foreign Investment have a significant positive effect on GRDP. These results are consistent with the theory and hypothesis that the higher the value of the HDI, Domestic Investment, and Foreign Investment, the higher the value of the GRDP variable. The coefficient of determination shows a moderate value of 58.9%, so it is suspected that there are other variables that can affect GRDP. Based on the regression model formed, if all independent variables have the same value for all provinces, then the province with the highest GRDP value is Jakarta.

The Role Of Institutional Quality, Foreign Direct Investment, And Country Size On Trade Openness In The ASEAN-6 Region

The current development of globalization has led to a very fundamental transformation in the economic system. the phenomenon of globalization cannot be avoided by any country, moreover countries that previously isolated it from the outside world cannot be avoided either. Therefore any country will still be affected by globalization, so that it will create international trade that is increasingly spreading from every country. This study aims to analyze the role of institutional quality through government effectiveness and regulatory quality, foreign direct investment, and country size on trade openness in the ASEAN-6 region during the 2002-2021 period using panel data analysis techniques. in using the panel data technique based on the best testing through the Chow test and the Hausman test that the best model used in this study is the Fixed Effect Model (FEM) which shows the variables of government effectiveness and investment directly have a positive and significant effect on trade openness. while the quality of regulations and country size have a negative and significant effect on trade openness in the Asean Region.

Effect of Investment on Economic Growth in North Sumatra in 2007-2021

This study aims to determine the effect of investment on economic growth in North Sumatra. This research is based on quantitative data types and their data sources from secondary data. The analytical data in this study was taken from the Central Statistics Agency of North Sumatra from 2007-2021. The analysis method used in this study is multiple linear regression analysis. This analysis includes classical assumption testing, multiple regression analysis and hypothesis testing through t and F tests. The results of the F test show that investment variables have a significant effect on economic growth in North Sumatra.

The Effects of New Service Development Antecedents On New Service Performance: A Research On E-Commerce Businesses

Purpose: The purpose of this dissertation is to determine the dimensions of e-commerce businesses in service innovation and to reveal the effects of these dimensions on new service performance, along with the effects of new service accomplishment on the marketing performance of e-commerce businesses. 
 Method: The research was conducted between June 18, 2020 - September 20, 2020. The convenience sampling method was used in the study. The data collected from the research conducted on e-commerce companies were analyzed by Structural Equation Modeling (SEM). 
 Findings: According to the results of the analysis, it has been found that the exogenous variables of strategic investment, service innovation experience, information technology experience, and competitive environment have a significant and positive impact on the new service performance of e-commerce businesses. However, exogenous variables of risk tolerance, collaboration, and consumer demand did not substantially affect the service innovation performance of e-commerce businesses. In addition, as a result of the analysis, service innovation performance on marketing performance has also been found to have a significant and positive impact.
 Discussion: It can be stated that it is essential for e-commerce businesses to gain experience in service innovations, to analyze the competitive environment correctly, and focus on information technologies and their strategic investments in service innovations.

Location Determinants of Indian OFDI: Insights from Panel Data Analysis

The present study attempted to analyze the determinants affecting Indian Outward Foreign Direct Investment (OFDI) during the second generation of globalization. The results showed that economic factors like trade openness and natural resource trade of the host country were highly significant variables for Indian OFDI. The case of non-economic factors such as political stability and non-violence remained significant variables for Indian investment, but the regulatory quality was not noteworthy. The study suggested that to expand the growth of OFDI, and the government could search for other suitable markets that were less capital-intensive or used underdeveloped technology. So, India has an alternative to improve its trade relations with African and Asian markets.

Analysis Effect of Human Development Index (HDI), Regency/City Minimum Wage (UMK), Investment and Unemployment Rate on the Number of Poor People in Bali Province in 2012-2021

This study aims to analyze the effect of the human development index (HDI), regency/city minimum wage (UMK), investment and unemployment rate on the number of poor people in Bali Province in 2012-2021. The analysis tool used is panel data regression. Panel data is a combination of time series and cross sections. Research data in the form of secondary data includes the human development index(HDI), regency/city minimum wage(UMK), investment, unemployment rate and the number of poor people obtained from the Central Statistics Agency (BPS). The results showed that the best model chosen was the fixed effect model (FEM). Based on the analysis of the FEM model, it shows that the human development index, the regency/city minimum wage affects the number of poor people in Bali province in 2012-2021. Meanwhile, investment variables and unemployment rate do not affect the number of poor people in Bali province. The coefficient of determination 0,9429 means that 94,29% of the variable variation in the number of poor people in Bali province can be explained by the variables of human development index (HDI), regency/city minimum wage (UMK), investment and unemployment rate. The remaining 5,71% is explained by other free variables that are not included in the model.

FAKTOR YANG MEMPENGARUHI PENYERAPAN TENAGA KERJA DI JAWA TENGAH TAHUN 1997-2021

This study aims to determine and analyze the factors that affect the absorption of labor in Central Java. The type of data in this study uses time series and secondary data with the study period from 1997 to 2021. The estimation method used is the Error Correction Model (ECM) which is able to show long-term and short-term effects. The results show that in the long term the variables of the provincial minimum wage, domestic investment, and foreign investment together have a significant and significant effect on employment. Meanwhile, in the short term, only domestic investment variables are influential and significant with a probability value of 0.0418 with a confidence level of 0.05. This situation indicates that in the short term changes in the value of domestic investment will have a positive effect on employment.