Variation In Investment Research Articles

Dampak Investasi, Proyek dan Utang Luar Negeri Terhadap Kemiskinan Indonesia Tahun 2010-2020

The purpose of this study is to analyze the acceleration of poverty alleviation through investment, projects, and foreign debt from the United States, the Netherlands, China and Japan on Indonesian Poverty in 2010-2020. The technique used in the study used panel data regression. The data used in the study of poverty variables, investment variables, projects, foreign debt. Data analysis was taken from the Central Statistics Agency in 2010-2020. Based on the Chow Test and the Hausman Test, this analysis was chosen to be the Fixed Effect Model and has passed the assumptions of the classical test. The results show that investment and projects have a significant negative effect on poverty and foreign debt has no significant effect on society, which means investment, projects, poverty in Indonesia. Based on the results of this study, the implications of this study are that the central government, local governments, Bank Indonesia and related institutions increase investment and foreign projects by establishing good relations with friendly countries, facilitating investment licensing in Indonesia, good foreign debt by prioritizing growth. Economy and poverty alleviation.

THE EFFECT OF CUSTOMER GRATITUDE AS MEDIATION IN THE RELATIONSHIP OF MARKETING INVESTMENTS ON BEHAVIORAL LOYALTY

This research aims to examine the effect of marketing investments conducted by binder manufacturers such as direct mail, tangible rewards, interpersonal communication, and preferential treatment towards behavioral and customer gratitude as mediator variables. This research is a quantitative study with 95 respondents from binder manufacturers. The sampling technique used is the convenience sampling technique. The data that has been obtained is processed using the IBM SPSS Statistics 20 for Windows program. Based on this research, marketing investments such as direct mail, tangible reward, and preferential treatment have a significant relationship with the variable customer gratitude. Besides, interpersonal communication activities do not have a substantial effect on customer gratitude. Preferential treatment by binder producers has the most significant positive impact on customer gratitude than other marketing investment variables. Finally, it is also known those customer gratitude customers due to the effect of marketing investment activities by binder manufacturer influence customer behavioral loyalty.

Domestic Investment, Foreign Direct Investment and Macroeconomic Stability in Nigeria

This study examines the relationship between the two major investment components (domestic investment and foreign direct investment) and macroeconomic stability in Nigeria. In order to capture the macroeconomic stability, some selected macroeconomic variables are presented, namely: real GDP growth rate (RGDPgr), trade openness (TOP), exchange rate (EXR), inflation rate (INFR), interest rate (INTR), private sector credit (PSC) which represent domestic variables and world oil price (WOP) which represent foreign variable. The study employs Johansen cointegration and Vector Autoregressive model as the estimation techniques. Findings from the study reveals that there is no long-run relationship between the selected macroeconomic variables and the two investment variables. The study also reveals that shocks and fluctuations from real GDP growth rate (RGDPgr), private sector credit (PSC), inflation rate (INFR), interest rate (INTR), exchange rate (EXR) and world oil price (WOP) strongly and significantly affect domestic investment in Nigeria; while the shocks and instabilities arising from real GDP growth rate (RGDPgr), inflation rate (INFR), interest rate (INTR), exchange rate (EXR), trade openness (TOP) and world oil price (WOP) majorly and significantly affect foreign direct investment in Nigeria during the period under review. The study therefore recommends that Nigerian government should provide stability measures in all the aforementioned macroeconomic indicators, as this will attract a higher level of FDI and this will create an enabling business environment for domestic investment to operate.

Analisis Pengaruh Utang Luar Negeri Pemerintah terhadap Pertumbuhan Ekonomi Indonesia (Periode 1980-2019)

This study aims to analyze the effect of government foreign debt on economic growth in the period 1980-2019 in the long and short term by using time series data analysis using the Error Correction Model (ECM). Other independent variables analyzed are investment and Labor Force Participation Rate (TPAK). The results show that the government's foreign debt has a positive and significant impact on economic growth. The value of the elasticity coefficient of economic growth to the government's foreign debt is 4.86 in the long term and 2.47 in the short term. The investment variable and LFPR also show a positive and significant effect in the long and short term, except for the investment variable which has no significant effect in the short term. The ECT coefficient in the short term produced is -0.360222 indicating the speed of adjustment of economic growth towards equilibrium is 36.02% per year

A Data Envelopment Analysis Model to Provide a Dynamic Accounting Information System for Measuring the Financial Effectiveness of Management Accounting System

The secret to achieving your organization's goals in complex and challenging environments is to make the right managerial and rational decisions. In this regard, the accounting information system as one of the sources of information for the decision of managers is of particular importance. Therefore, in order to achieve these goals, it is necessary to have an accounting information system with dynamic capabilities. The dynamic capability of the accounting information system (hidden variable) was measured by the observed variables of flexibility, continuous evaluation, continuous investment and system variability. Therefore, based on this argument, the aim of the present study is to provide a dynamic capability model of the accounting system based on the financial effectiveness of the management accounting system. Data envelopment analysis is a well-known methodology that is applied to evaluate the selected firms based on the most important features. The results of analysis of the proposed method on 86 companies listed on the Tehran Stock Exchange and analysis and analysis of data by structural equation modeling show that the dynamic capability of the accounting information system consists of (flexibility, continuous evaluation, continuous investment and system variability). The result indicate that the management accounting system is effective.

FAKTOR-FAKTOR YANG MEMPENGARUHI KESEMPATAN KERJA DI PROVINSI BANTEN TAHUN 2010-2019

This study aims to examine the effect of variable government spending, number of companies, foreign investment, and domestic investment on employment opportunities in Banten Province and to determine the most influential variables. Banten Province in 2018 was the province with the lowest employment opportunity rate in Indonesia. This study uses a panel data model with a fixed-effect model (FEM) for 8 districts/cities from 2010 to 2019 and elasticity analysis to determine the most influential variables. The results showed that the variable government spending, the number of companies, and domestic investment had a positive and significant effect on the job opportunity variable, while the foreign investment variable did not affect. The number of companies variable is the most influential variable. The implication is that to increase employment opportunities the government can increase government spending, encourage the creation of new company units, and increase domestic investment.

ANALISIS PERTUMBUHAN EKONOMI INDONESIA TAHUN 1994-2020

This study aims to find out the factors that affect Indonesia's economic growth. To achieve the objectives of the study, this study used independent variables in the form of foreign investment (FDI), exchange rates, and interest rates. The data used in this research is secondary data from 1994-2020 sourced from various reports and compilations, especially publications from the Central Statistics Agency (BPS) and Bank Indonesia. The model used in this study was multiple linear regression with the method of analysis of the smallest square approach (Ordinary Least Square). The calculation results show that foreign investment variables, and exchange rates have a positive and significant effect on economic growth, while interest rates have a negative and significant effect on economic growth. The coefficient of determination (Adj.R2= 0.806) indicates that Indonesia's economic growth of 80.6 percent is influenced by foreign investment (FDI), exchange rates, and interest rates, while the remaining 19.4 percent is influenced by other factors outside this research. To increase the rate of economic growth, the government needs to increase the amount of FDI in Indonesia and maintain the stability of the rupiah exchange rate against the US dollar, thereinafter lowering the interest rate in order to increase domestic investment, in order to create an optimal national total production. Keywords : Economic Growth, Foreign Investment (PMA), Exchange Rate, and Interest Rate

Analysis of Macroeconomics Stability Control of ICI Countries (Indonesia, China, India) Based on Transmission of Monetary Policy through Interest Rate Channel

This study aims to analyze variable control of macroeconomic stability based on monetary policy transmission through interest rate channels in Indonesia, China, India (ICI). Variables used in the interest rate are rill interest rates, consumption, investment, gross domestic product, and inflation. This study used secondary data from 2000 to 2019. The results of the PVECM analysis through the interest rate channel show that the control of economic stability of the ICI country is carried out by investment variables and gross domestic product in the short term, while in the long run it is carried out by consumption, investment and gross domestic product. The results of the IRF analysis are the response stability of all variables is formed in the medium and long term periods. The results of the FEVD analysis show that there are variables that have the greatest contribution in the variable itself either in the short, medium, long term. The results of the interaction analysis of each variable transmission of monetary policy through interest rates can maintain and control the economic stability of the ICI country. Keywords: Interest Rate Channel, Interest Rate, Consumption, Investment, Gross Domestic Product, Inflation.

Are Technological Innovation and Foreign Direct Investment a Way to Boost Economic Growth? An Egyptian Case Study Using the Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) Model

Both technological innovation and foreign direct investment have received widespread attention in the literature on their role in promoting economic growth. Therefore, this study aims to test the relationship between foreign direct investment, technological innovation, and economic growth of the Egyptian economy during the period between 1990–2019 using the autoregressive distributed lag model simultaneous integration test. Our findings show of the ARDL (Autoregressive Distributed Lag) model estimation a joint complementary relationship between the rate of growth of per capita gross domestic product (GDP) in US dollars and the independent variables in the model in the long and short term, which are statistically significant results. We found a positive significant relationship between the variables of incoming foreign direct investment and share of total capital formation in economic growth. Therefore, in the long term, the rate of inflation and the innovation index had a negative impact in the long term and the speed of adjustment towards equilibrium was very large, as it was estimated at 1.5 years (1/0.651). Furthermore, the study also provides valuable lessons and a strategic vision for the Egyptian government, which aspires to advance technology and attract more foreign direct investment.

THE FACTORS AFFECTING LABOR DEMAND IN THE FOOD AND TOBACCO INDUSTRY IN NORTH SUMATERA PROVINCE

Labor demand in North Sumatra during the period 1991 to 2012 showed a fluctuating condition, where in 2001 is decline. This research aims to analyze the influence of the investment sector, the number of industries, the regional minimum wage and inflation on labor demand sectors of the food industry, beverages and tobacco in North Sumatra Province simultaneously and partially. The data used are secondary data source from Statistics Indonesia of North Sumatra Province namely variable investment industry, the number of industries, the minimum wage, inflation and labor amount of food beverages and tobacco industry in North Sumatra province in the time series from 1991 till 2012 Data analysis wasper formed using OLS (Ordinary Least Square) with multiple linear regression models estimated with the help of the program E-views 7. The results of this study simultaneously changes in industry investment variables, the number of industries, RMW, and inflation significantly influence demand labor sector food industry, beverages and tobacco in North Sumatra Province. While partially concluded that the investment variable number of industry sectors and industries and a significant positive effect, negative effect variables and minimum significant wage, while the inflation variable and no significant negative effect on the demand for labor in the industrial sector of food, beverages and tobacco in North Sumatra Province. The results of this study also showed that the most dominant variable effect on labor demand sectors of the food industry, beverages and tobacco in North Sumatra Province is the minimum wage.

THE FACTORS AFFECTING LABOR DEMAND IN THE FOOD AND TOBACCO INDUSTRY IN NORTH SUMATERA PROVINCE

Labor demand in North Sumatra during the period 1991 to 2012 showed a fluctuating condition, where in 2001 is decline. This research aims to analyze the influence of the investment sector, the number of industries, the regional minimum wage and inflation on labor demand sectors of the food industry, beverages and tobacco in North Sumatra Province simultaneously and partially. The data used are secondary data source from Statistics Indonesia of North Sumatra Province namely variable investment industry, the number of industries, the minimum wage, inflation and labor amount of food beverages and tobacco industry in North Sumatra province in the time series from 1991 till 2012 Data analysis wasper formed using OLS (Ordinary Least Square) with multiple linear regression models estimated with the help of the program E-views 7. The results of this study simultaneously changes in industry investment variables, the number of industries, RMW, and inflation significantly influence demand labor sector food industry, beverages and tobacco in North Sumatra Province. While partially concluded that the investment variable number of industry sectors and industries and a significant positive effect, negative effect variables and minimum significant wage, while the inflation variable and no significant negative effect on the demand for labor in the industrial sector of food, beverages and tobacco in North Sumatra Province. The results of this study also showed that the most dominant variable effect on labor demand sectors of the food industry, beverages and tobacco in North Sumatra Province is the minimum wage.

TINJAUAN KAUSALITAS INDIKATOR MAKROEKONOMI DI PROVINSI BENGKULU

The aims of this research are to determine the statistical causality between poverty, education level, economic growth, investment and income inequality in Bengkulu province. To analyze how the influence of education level, economic growth, investment and income inequality on poverty in Bengkulu province. This research are use granger causality test method and Panel Multiple regression. The result shows the variables have causal relations are income inequality with economic growth, income inequality with investment. Panel data regression results show that education, economic growth, and investment variables significantly influence poverty in Bengkulu province. Keywords : Granger Causality1, Education2, Economic Growth3, Invesment 4, Poverty 5

PENGARUH PERTUMBUHAN EKONOMI, INVESTASI DAN BELANJA MODAL TERHADAP KESEJAHTERAAN MASYARAKAT DI JAWA TENGAH TAHUN 2012 – 2018

Social walfare is one of the main goal of developing area to achieve a better life. The improvement of social walfare can't be separated from economic activities that is done by all kinds of society, from private area and government area. The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of economic growth, domestic investment, foreign investment, and capital expenditure on social walfare at 2012-2018 in Central Java Province.This study uses secondary data with cross-section data depends on 29 districts and 6 cities in Central Java Province and time-series data from 2012- 2018. The analytical tool used in estimating the research model is panel data regression with Fixed Effect Model.The result study is simultaneously, independent variable has an effect to dependent variable. Meanwhile partially, the variable of domestic investment and capital expenditure have significant effect to social welfare while economic growth and foreign investment have no significant effect to the social walfare in Central Java Province.

Sensitivity Analysis to Determine the Prospect of Tollroad Investment: Case Study Krian-Legundi-Bunder-Manyar Tollroad

PT Waskita Bumi Wira as the Toll Road Business Entity (BUJT) is investing in the Krian-Legundi-Bunder-Manyar Toll road with a viability gap fund (VGF) scheme. In the 2016 Toll Road Concession Agreement (PPJT) between BPJT-BUJT-PII, several acceptable investment variables have been agreed, namely: total investment value = Rp12,224,389,000,000, average daily traffic volume (LHR) = 21,874 vehicle / day, loan interest = 12.5%, toll tariff for group 1 = Rp1,250 / km, internal rate of return on equity (IRRonEquity) = 17.64%, payback period of 14 years and net present value (NPV) = Rp. 3,731,695,000,000. During the construction, there was a design change and a delay in land acquisition, this causes cost overrun. With a concession period of 45 years, inaccurate risk factors in the prediction of traffic volume growth rates, specific and non-specific risk factors and other uncertainties greatly affect the investment prospects. Therefore investment needs to be reviewed before this toll road is divested in 2025 by sharpening the minimum attractive rate of return (MARR) and LHR variables, then comparing them with the initial business plan. The estimated selling price of the divestment is also examined in this study. The investment valuation criteria that will be used in the sensitivity analysis are NPV and IRRonEquity. The approach in determining MARR is the use of MARRpremium = 15.81%. Sensitivity analysis with a deterministic approach is carried out to obtain limits on changes in investment costs, land acquisition costs, LHR traffic, loans (syndicated loans) to NPV in several tariff scenarios. This research shows that the NPV value is very sensitive to changes in investment costs. It is also known that in the toll tariff scenario according to PPJT compensation can be given in one of the conditions: investment costs increase by more than 7%, LHR traffic is less than 75%, or an increase in loans (syndicated loans) of more than 9%. The analysis of the stochastic approach shows that the probability of not exceeding the investment budget revenue limits due to changes of 37.29% to 46.56%.

Study of Population Growth Impact on Economic Growth during (2003-2017) in Afghanistan

Achieving high economic growth is one of the significant purposes, which all countries seek to achieve, and achieving it requires a realistic analysis of country’s economy and a better understanding of the principles and rules of economic growth. Meanwhile, demographic changes over time, as one of the most important issues impacting different parts of societies gaining special importance so that demographic changes can be tangible in investment, saving, and overly in economic growth. The relationship between population growth and economic development has been analyzed theoretically and empirically over time by different economists. Some economists believe which fast population growth prevents economic growth; while others believe, that population growth leads to economic growth due to increased demand, level of production and national income. The aim of this study was to investigate impact of population growth on economic growth during (2003-2017) in Afghanistan. In this study, it has been used the data which provided by World Development Index (WDI) Central statistics, books, journals, scientific and research journals and other related articles. For measuring the GDP growth and simple model squares estimation method from programs such as Excel, Eviews and Pass have been used indeed. Economic growth as a dependent variable, population growth, unemployment average, and foreign direct investment as an explanatory (independent) have been implemented.
 The outcomes showcase that population growth has a positive effect on economic growth (1%) increase in population growth which causes economic development in order to increase 2.4%. On the other hand, according to obtained results from model summary; gained determination is 0.921. It means the dependent variable of economic growth is elaborated almost 92% by independent variables of population growth, unemployment, and foreign direct investment. This demonstrates strong population growth impact on economic growth and its correlation intensity is almost 1.

Economic Growth Determinants of Asean Economic Community: Feasible Generalized Least Square Approach

This study aims to analyze the factors determining economic growth in ASEAN countries, which are the ASEAN economic community members as a potential center for world economic growth. The research method applied in this study was a panel data analysis model with a feasible generalized least square approach. The research period was from 2015 – 2019 in all ASEAN member countries: Indonesia, Myanmar, Malaysia, Singapore, Thailand, Laos, Vietnam, Cambodia, Brunei Darussalam, and the Philippines. Testing the data used the Chow and Hausman tests to determine the analysis method: fixed effect, random effect, or common effect. The results of panel data regression estimation with a feasible generalized least square approach uncovered that the variables of the number of the labor force, currency exchange rates, money supply (M1), exports, imports, Gini index, foreign debt, corruption perception index, financial literacy index, and foreign investment (PMA) significantly affected the economic growth of the ASEAN economic community, including develop agriculture sector. Meanwhile, the variables of domestic investment and financing credit did not affect the economic growth of the ASEAN economic community. The conclusion and recommendation from this study’s results are each ASEAN country’s efforts to encourage economic growth by utilizing its comparative advantages and strategic cooperation to create market opportunities and increase the economic efficiency of the ASEAN economic community.

Analysis of Household Financial Management for Work from Home Affected Employees (Case Study on Employees of Insurance Industry Companies in Surabaya)

This study was conducted to examine the effect of work from home policy caused by coronavirus epidemic on household financial management of insurance industry employees in Surabaya. This study uses a qualitative method by conducting interviews. The variables used are household consumption, household savings, household investment, household insurance, and retirement planning. The sample selection using purposive sampling method, obtained seven sources who then provide answers to questions during in-depth interviews. The results showed that the work from home policy had a very significant effect on the condition of household financial management in the variables of household consumption, household savings, and household investment. On the other hand, work from home policy does not really affect household insurance management and retirement planning for employees of the insurance industry in Surabaya.

GREEN INVESTMENT DAN CORPORATE GOVERNANCE TERHADAP NILAI PERUSAHAAN: PROFITABILITAS SEBAGAI PEMEDIASI

The purpose of this study determines the effect of corporate governance and green investment on firm value with profitability as a mediating variable. Corporate governance variables are proxied by independent commissioners, audit committees, managerial ownership, and managerial ownership. While the green investment variable is proxied by PROPER rating. This study uses 40 samples of companies registered in the 2014-2018 SRI KEHATI Index. The data analysis technique used is path analysis and multiple tests. The results of the study prove that corporate governance and green investment affect profitability, profitability influences peer value, and profitability can mediate the relationship between green investment and firm value.

State Investment and Empowerment of Local Communities, An Approach to Sustainable Rural Development (Experience of Kashan Rural Area in Central Iran)

Empowerment approach is considered as one of the efficient approaches in rural development activities in Iran through the rural planning system within the framework of five-year programs with government investment in order to achieve sustainable rural development. In this study, it was investigated the role of government investments in empowering villagers, How its effectiveness in the rural area of Kashan was studied. Descriptive-analytical research method and sample population were selected using three-dimensional matrix method of government investment, village location and rural population of 12 villages and 316 rural households. To explain the relationships between independent and dependent variables, Pearson correlation in appropriate statistical environments and for modeling effects, the structural equation model (SEM) in AMOS software was used. Findings indicate a strong, positive and direct relationship between the two variables of investment and rural empowerment (P = 0.000). As the amount of investment increases, the empowerment of the villagers increases. The structural equation model showed that government investment with a factor load of 0.072 has an effect on rural empowerment (RMSEA = 0.036). Following these results in achieving sustainable rural development, the empowerment approach should be considered as a goal and not as a tool. In the experience of government investment in the rural area of Kashan in Central Iran, the investment process was relatively effective and in the future the investment process and implementation of rural projects in general and in arid and semi-arid areas in particular, empowerment and institutionalization approach in Villages are essential.

PENGARUH INVESTASI PADA INDUSTRI KECIL FORMAL DAN PADA INDUSTRI KECIL NON FORMAL TERHADAP SUATU PRODUK DOMESTIK REGIONAL BRUTO DI KABUPATEN ACEH UTARA

This study aims to determine the effect of investment in formal and non-formal small industries on gross regional domestic products in North Aceh Regency. The data used in this study are secondary data from 2010-2016 with interpolation of data with 84 data. The data analysis method used in this study is multiple linear regression method. The results of the research partially indicate that investment in formal small industries and non-formal small industries has a positive effect on gross regional domestic product in North Aceh District. This means increasing non-formal small industry investment will increase gross regional domestic product in North Aceh Regency. Based on the results of tests carried out simultaneously or together the variables of formal small industry investment and non-formal small industry investment simultaneously influence (in month 3) on the gross regional domestic product in North Aceh District, and the magnitude of the influence of the formal small industry investment variable and investment Non-formal small industry on gross regional domestic product in North Aceh Regency is 0.984, and the remaining 0.0884 is influenced by other variables outside this model.Keywords: Formal Small Industry Investment, Non-Formal Small Industry and Gross Regional Domestic Product