Intra-system Shift Research Articles

Intra-System Shift Found in Borobudur Temple Tourism Brochure: A Translation Study

In translation, Intra-system shift is a translation process where a formally corresponding term in the source language (SL) loses its correspondence in the target language (TL). This study aims to analyze the intra-system shift from Indonesian as a source language into English as a target language of translation used in Borobudur Temple tourism brochure. It used a descriptive-qualitative method, which displayed the data with words in descriptive form. The data were taken from Borobudur Temple tourism brochure Indonesian-English translation. The data is then collected by using observation, documentation and note-taking methods. The data was analyzed by doing data reduction, data display, and drawing conclusion. The result shows that intra-system shift is indeed found in the Candi Borobudur Indonesian-English translation. From the five marks in intra-system shift , three marks were found in the brochure.

Analysis of Shift in Translation on The Usage Instruction of Skincare Products

This research examines the translation of instructions for using skin care products from English into Indonesian, focusing on translation shifts as defined by Catford (1965). These shifts include level shifts and category shifts (structure, class, unit and intra-system shifts). This research analyzes how these shifts occur and adapt to the Indonesian linguistic and cultural context. Data from brands including Wardah, Avoskin, and Garnier were collected and analyzed using a qualitative descriptive method. The findings highlight common shifts, like structural changes due to syntactic differences and word class shifts to maintain meaning. Understanding these shifts can improve translation strategies, ensuring that bilingual packaging is clear, accurate, and culturally appropriate, thus increasing consumer understanding and satisfaction.

TRANSLATION SHIFTS IN THE INDONESIAN SUBTITLE OF GUY RITCHIE’S THE COVENANT (2023) MOVIE

Translation is important for people who don't know a foreign language. Translators face challenges, but use of techniques like translation shifts can make translations sound more natural and effectively communicate the original meaning to the target audience. This research aims to identify the types of translation shifts used in the Indonesian subtitle of Guy Ritchie’s The Covenant movie and to identify the possible reasons the translators used translation shifts in this movie. The research applied the theory of translation shift proposed by Catford to analyze the data. It used descriptive qualitative methods and the data is from the movie subtitle of Guy Ritchie’s The Covenant. The researcher used the Oxford Dictionary and Big Indonesian Dictionary (KBBI) applications as instruments for analyzing the data, and to ensure the analysis results. The analysis found that the Indonesian subtitles for Guy Ritchie’s The Covenant movie included all types of shifts as proposed by Catford's theory. The shifts identified in the Indonesian subtitles included level shifts and category shifts (including structure shift, unit shift, class shift, and intra-system shift). However, among these shifts, category shifts especially unit shifts, were the most dominant. The translator probably used these translation shifts due to cultural and linguistic differences, time constraints, and creative translation choices.

TRANSLATION SHIFT FROM ENGLISH INTO INDONESIA ON THE BAD GUYS SUBTITLING

This study aims at explore the types of translation shifts in the subtitles of the movie The Bad Guys. This research is based on Catford's theory of shifts and utilizes a qualitative descriptive method. The data collected involves translations found in the dialogues of the characters Wolf, Snake, and Diane Foxington, focusing on words, phrases, clauses, and sentences that contain shifts. The results show that all types of shifts are found in the translated text of the movie "The Bad Guys." From the 247 shifts identified, there are 9 level shifts and 238 category shifts, in which, in detail, 98 data are classified as state shifts, 9 data are classified as class shifts, 123 data are classified as unit shifts, and 8 data are classified as intra-system shifts.

The CATEGORY SHIFT OF NOUN CLAUSE IN CITY OF FALLEN ANGELS NOVEL AND ITS TRANSLATION

<p><em>E</em><em>very language has its own grammatical system, and this makes shift when translating cannot be avoided. Catford (1965) introduces two kinds of shifts in translation: level shifts and category shifts. He further explains that there are four categories in category shift, including structure shift, class shift, unit shift and intra-system shift. </em><em>The aim of this article to </em><em>analyze the translation shift in the novel “City of Fallen Angels” by Cassandra Clare and its Indonesian by Meda Satria. The writers focus </em><em>on the </em><em>category shifts in noun clause that be found in the novel </em><em>“City of Fallen Angels” by Cassandra Clare and its translation. </em><em>The data were analyzed by applying the qualitative descriptive method. </em><em>The result shows that there are 134 data, it can be classified as follows : </em><em>57 data of unit shift (42%), 44 data of structure shift (33%), 19 data of class shift (14%), and 14 data of intra-system shift (11%)..</em></p>

THE NOUN PHRASE AND ITS QUALITY OF CATEGORY SHIFT USED IN THE NOVEL THE FAULT IN OUR STARS BY JOHN GREEN

This research aimed to find out what types of category shifts were used in noun phrases and to find out quality assessments in the novel The Fault in Our Stars by John Green. The researcher used a descriptive qualitative method to analyze the noun phrases of category shift used in the novel. Data collection techniques used reading the novels, identifying the noun phrase found in both novels, finding the meaning of the words and phrases, and classifying them. Data analysis techniques used data reduction, data display, and drawing conclusions. The results showed that 102 data of category shifts were found in this research. There were 47 data for structure shift as the highest frequency and 6 data for class shift as the lowest frequency. Unit shifts found in this research were 38 data, and intra-system shifts occurred with 11 data. In the quality assessment of the category shift aspects, there were 78 data (76,5%) categorized as accurate. 20 data (19,65%) were less accurate, and 4 data (3,9%) were inaccurate. Moreover, in the acceptable aspect, the researcher found 92 data (90,2%) were acceptable, 9 data (8,8%) were less acceptable, and 1 data (0,98%) was unacceptable. The last aspect was readable; 90 data (88,2%) were readable, 9 data (8,8%) were less readable, and 3 data (2,9% ) were not readable. The conclusion of this research was the highest frequency of category shift was structure shift, and the lowest frequency was class shift. For quality assessment, the acceptable translation gained the biggest frequency, while the unacceptable got the lowest frequency in this research.

The Existence of Grammatical Shifts in The English – Indonesian Translation Done by English Language Department Students

Translation is transferring the meaning from the source language into the target language. Therefore, the shift in translation could be occurred because of the difference between two languages. To understand the translation shifts more detail, this study was composed by taking the translation shift as the theme of study. This study focused on explainning the existence of grammatical shifts in the English into Indonesian translation of an essay text done by the 5th semester students of English Language department at Walisongo Islamic State University. The subject of this study consisted of 15 people of 5th semester students of Universitas Islam Negeri Walisongo Semarang. Meanwhile, the object of this study was the translation results produced by the students. This study was a descriptive qualitative study emphasizing the detailed understanding of the result of the study. In order to collect the data, this study used test and documentation of the students’ translation results. Based on the analysis, there were found two main types of shifts, including level shift and category shift, in the students’ translation result. The category shift was divided into four types, such as structure shift, class shift, unit / rank shift, and intra-system shift. The dominant translation shift that found in this study was unit / rank shift as much as 28.81 %, that followed by structure shift (25.07 %), intra-system shift (20.89 %), level shift (18.53 %), and class shift (6.70 %). Those kinds of grammatical shifts will be explained in this study, in order to increase the knowledge about the grammatical shifts in translation.

AN ANALYSIS OF TRANSLATION SHIFT IN ENGLISH-INDONESIAN TRANSLATION OF ERAGON MOVIE

The objectives of this research are to identify the types of translation shifts present in the Eragon movie and to determine their frequency. The data will be collected from the dialogues in the movie. As a basis for this research, there is translation shift theory used, namely the translation shift theory of Catford (1965. In analyzing the data, the author uses a qualitative research methodology with a case study research design. This research identified translation shift occurrence in 599 dialogues and selected 12 samples for detailed analysis and discussion. The findings of the analysis indicated the presence of both Level Shift and Category Shift in the dialogues. The Level Shift is based on grammatical structure, they are Present Perfect Tense, Past Perfect Tense, Past Continuous Tense and Future Tense. The second shift found is Category Shift which consists of four types, they are Structure Shift, Unit Shift, Class Shift and Intra-System Shift. Overall, the results of this research demonstrate the occurrence of both Level Shift and Category Shift in the Eragon movie.

TRANSLATION METHOD AND CATEGORY SHIFT IN INDONESIAN SONG LYRICS COVERED TO ENGLISH

Nowadays, there are some Indonesian song lyrics covered to English. Lyrics are written as a form of interaction between the writer and the listeners. Most of the times, they carry a message that might be with the purpose of motivating the listeners, at least, to think about it. Such a purpose and form of interaction are embedded in the cultural context of these people, according to their musical preferences, time, etc. Unconsciously, there is the use of translation methods and category shifts in the lyrics of Indonesian songs covered to English. The title of this research is “Translation Method and Category Shift in Indonesia Song Lyrics Covered to English”. This study aims at describing the use of translation methods and category shifts which applied on Indonesia song lyrics covered to English. The data resources are from Ansell and Yosafa Tandre, Maculist Production, and Emma Heesters Youtube Channel. The theories used in this research were translation method by Newmark (1998) and category shift by Catford (1995). By referring to the theories from several previous researches, this study used descriptive qualitative method. The findings show that the researcher found 174 data from 10 song lyrics. The first is the use of translation methods, which occurs 76% free translation (131 times used), 20% literal translation (35 times used), 2% idiomatic translation (4 times used), and 2% communicative translation (thrice used). The second is the use of category shifts, which occurs 94% unit shift (164 times used), 3% intra-system shift (5 times used), 2% class shift (4 times used), and 1% structure shift (once used). The conclusion shows that the most dominant translation method used is free translation. Furthermore the most dominant category shift used is unit shift. It makes the lyrics of songs more natural and nice to hear

Category Shift in Novel After You by Jojo Moyes

This study aimed to analyze the types of category shifts that can be found in this novel and translated novel. In this study, the translator uses category shifts for several sentences, words, clauses, and phrases, as evidenced by the 100 data the researcher collected. It has been proven that 35 data use the Category Shift technique, and 15 use the Class Shift technique. Furthermore, 25 data using the unit shift technique and 25 data using an intra-system shift in this study also analyzed whether shifting in translation would affect the quality of the translation. The quality of the translation was measured using parameters from Nababan and the obtained results. The use of shifting techniques on the quality of translation, as measured through Nababan's theory, produces an average score on aspects of accurate 3, aspects of accelerable 3, and readable 3.

Pergeseran Penerjemahan Pada Teks Terjemahan Lagu Berbahasa Jepang Yang Dibawakan Oleh Andi Adinata

(Translation Shift on Songs from Japan Into Indonesia by Andi Adinata) The purpose of this study was to find out which words experienced a translation shift and to describe the translation shift in the text of the Japanese song translation performed by Andi Adinata. The data is the translation of the lyrics of the song which is sourced from the song entitled 'Harusnya Aku' from Armada, 'Surat Cinta Untuk Starla' from Virgoun, 'Ceria' from J-Rocks, 'Munajat Cinta' from The Rock, 'Semua Tentang Kita' from Peterpan and 'Bukti' from Virgoun. The method is a qualitative descriptive method. Data collection was done by observing and note-taking methods. Data analysis was carried out using the translational equivalent method and the determining element sorting technique (PUP). In this study found as many as 45 data. Words that experienced a translation shift were 42 words and a total of 83 translation shifts, namely level shifts totaling 4 shifts and category shifts totaling 79 shifts. Of the 79 category shifts, there are 3 structure shifts, 25 words class shifts, 14 unit shifts and 37 intrasystem shifts. This study concludes that there are two types of translation shifts, namely level shifts and category shifts and there are four types of category shifts, namely structure shifts, class shifts, unit shifts and intrasystem shifts.

Translation Shift in English-Indonesian Subtitle of Green Book Movie

The purpose of this study is to find out 1) the types of category shifts that occur in the English-Indonesian subtitled Green Book film, and 2) the reasons for the translation shift in the English-Indonesian subtitled Green Book film. The data were analyzed by descriptive qualitative. The source of data in this research from subtitle english-indonesian subtitle of green book movie. The instrument for collecting data in this research is a documentary technique. the instrument of collecting data are used recorder and analyzed based on theory by Catford (1965). The results of the study show that 1) There are 303 data category shifts in the English-Indonesian subtitled Green Book film according to the results of the study. In total, there are four types of shifts: structure shift (24.8%), class shift (5.9%), unit shift (45.5%), and intra-system shift (which makes up the rest) (23.8%). The reason why the translation shift occurs in the green book movie subtitle is because of the textual equivalent. In translation shift, the shift occurs at the grammatical and lexical levels. Textual equivalent is a translation utterance between the source language and the target language. Some translations have no formal correspondence between the two language code systems. Shift the translation to achieve a good equivalence so that it can produce good and natural translation quality.

An Analysis of Category Shift in Me Before You Novel by Jojo Moyes

This research used a qualitative approach with descriptive design in order to find the translation shifting utilized by the translator from English to Indonesia and the translation quality assessment. The data were taken from the novel entitled Me Before You written by Jojo Moyes (2012) and from Indonesian-translated novel by Tanti Lesmana published in 2013. Furthermore, this research used Catford’s theory and Nababan et al., with the other theories, to find out the answer in the analyzing process. Catford divided translation shift into two, level shift and category shift. There are four types of category shift; structure shift, class shift, unit shift, and intra-system shift. The result showed that there were category shift that found in the data, which consist 28 unit shifts (57%), 12 intra-system shifts (23%) and 10 class shifts (20%). Translation quality assessment in three data shows less accuracy level dan the overall data indicates high accuracy level, high acceptability level, dan high readability level. As the implication, the result of this research has provided several new insights regarding the category shift in a written work which can be such a reference for other researchers in doing the similar focus of research.

Category shift and its meaning shift in the translation of ANTARA news’ press releases

This research aimed to investigate the types, the most dominant types of category shifts, and meaning shifts that occurred in the category shift found in the English to the Indonesian press releases on ANTARA news. The descriptive qualitative was used to investigate the data. The theories were applied, namely Catford (1965) and Simatupang (2000). Furthermore, this research took three samples of the press releases on ANTARA news. The data were taken from looking at the official website of ANTARA news. Then, the data were put in the table consisting of SL and TL. After resolving the analysis of each category shift, the researcher found 306 data. Structure shifts occurred to the number of 139 data or 45 %, intra-system shifts were 85 data or 28 %, unit shifts were 72 data or 24 %, and class shifts occurred are 10 data or 3 %. The most dominant category shift was structure shift. Furthermore, the result of meaning shifts, there were 300 data or 98% for no meaning shift. The result of the specific to generic and vice versa as well as the cultural point of view had 3 data or 1% for each type.

The shift in the translation of Japanese compound sentences into Indonesian in the novel Tokyo Tower by Lily Franky

Indonesian sentence structure with a subject-verb-object pattern differs from Japanese sentence structure with a subject-object-verb pattern. This significant difference in grammatical structure often creates difficulties in translating Japanese into Indonesian, especially in translating written texts with long or compound sentences. This article tries to analyze the translation of Japanese compound sentences into Indonesian from the aspect of translation shift. This study will explain the shift in translating Japanese compound sentences into Indonesian. This research is a qualitative descriptive study. The data sources of this research were taken from the Japanese novel Tokyo Tower by Lily Franky and the Indonesian translation of the novel with the same title. The result is 270 compound sentences as finding data. This study analyzes compound sentence data using translation shift theory according to Catford (1965), which is classified into six types: a level shift from lexical level to grammatical level, a level shift from grammatical level to lexical level, a structure shift, a class shift, a unit shift, and intrasystem shifts. The shift in structure is a definite thing because of the differences in the sentence structure between Japanese and Indonesian, especially in the translation of compound sentences.

CATEGORY SHIFTS AND ITS QUALITY IN “TO ALL THE BOYS: ALWAYS AND FOREVER” MOVIE SUBTITLES

This research aimed to analyze Category shifts; Structure-shift, Class-shift, Unit shift, and Intra-system by Catford (1965) in female-lead utterances in To All The Boys: Always and Forever (2021) movie subtitles, to identify the most dominant shift and the quality of translation used quality assessment of translation theory by Nababan (2012). The descriptive-qualitative method is applied to analyze the data. The data was obtained by the English and Indonesian subtitles. The analysis identified 317 shifts in the data which were then divided according to 4 types of Category shifts. The results showed all of the Category shits were found in the data with the unit shift as the most dominant category shift with a total of 165 data (52%), structure shift with 64 data (20%), intra-system shift with 51 (16%), and the less dominant data is class shift with 37 data (12%). The quality assessment of translations pointed out that 7 data were scored as less accurate. and 1 data each for inaccurate, inacceptable, and unreadable. The data remains were high-scale accuracy, acceptancy, and readability. These results indicated that the occurrence of category shifts is important to achieve naturalness in translation.

Category Shift Translation of Noun Phrase in The Cruella Movie Script and Its Translation

Each language has its own structure of grammar. The Indonesian language has a different rule of grammar structure from English. As Catford stated, there is a correlation between translation and linguistics. Shifting translation is helpful in learning how a unit of different levels can be brought down to create interesting structures. This paper is aimed to find the category shift of noun phrases in the Cruella movie script and its translation. The method used is a qualitative method. This paper is used Catford’s shift translation theory to analyze the data. As the result, there are 54 data for structure shift, 3 data for a class shift, 7 data for unit shift and 21 data for the intra-system shift. There are also 2 data which represent untranslated noun phrases. The total data found is 87 data.

Category Shift of Noun Phrases in Paula Hawkins' The Girl on the Train

Many languages are spoken all over the world. Each language has its own systems and characteristics. People could translate foreign languages into their languages to reduce the barrier in communication. Unfortunately, there are times when the translator has difficulty translating the source language into the target language. In consequence, a translation shift is required. This study aims to find out the dominant category shift of noun phrases in the English-Bahasa Indonesia The Girl on the Train novel. The research method adopts in this study is a descriptive qualitative method. There are two sources of data for this study: English and Bahasa Indonesia versions of The Girl on the Train. The data used are in the form of noun phrases. The data is analysed by Catford’s translation shift theory. The result of this study is all types of category shift occur: structure shift, class shift, unit shift, and intra-system shift. The most dominant category shift is structure shift (56%). Followed by intra-system shift (18%) and unit shifts (17%). And the least is class shift (9%).
 Keywords: translation, category shift, Catford, noun phrases

Translation Shifts Found in the Translation of Merry Riana: Mimpi Sejuta Dolar Novel by Alberthiene Endah into Million Dollar Dream

It has been considered that translation is the process of transferring a message or meaning from a language to the other. Thus, this research was proposed to analyze the translation shift in a Novel. The data of this paper were taken from an Indonesian novel entitled Merry Riana: Mimpi Sejuta Dolar by Alberthiene Endah (2011) and the English translation entitled Million Dollar Dream translated by Maggie Tiojakin (2016). The analysis was mainly aimed at finding out the types of translation shifts found in these two novels. The main theory used was taken from a book entitled A Linguistic Theory of Translation by Catford (1965). The other theories were also applied in this research. There were some steps done in collecting data observation. When the data were the method used in analyzing the data was a descriptive method with an informal technique of presentation. It was found that there were two major types of shifts. They were level shifts and category shifts. The category shifts involved structure shift, class shift, unit/ rank shift and intra-system shift. The result of this research showed that the translation shifts most commonly found is in the category shifts include structure shift, class shift, unit/ rank shift and intra-system shift. Commonly, shifts in the translation were caused by the different structure of the source language and the target language and every language has its own form to convey the meaning.
 Keywords: translation shift, novel, translation

KESEJAJARAN BENTUK PENERJEMAHAN FRASA BAHASA ARAB DALAM CERAMAH HABIB UMAR BIN HAFIDZ

This study described the forms of Arabic phrases and the formal correspondence of Arabic phrases in Habib Umar bin Hafidz's lectures. This research is translational research using qualitative data and descriptive methods. The data source is the initial 13 minutes of the 47minutes video from the YouTube channel Al-Bahjah TV entitled " Pandangan Allah terhadap Hamba-Nya | Habib Umar bin Hafidz | Tausiyah Maulid Akbar HD (Malaysia)." The data is in Arabic phrases translated by Habib Ali Zainal Abidin. The findings of this study are that there are 28 Arabic phrases which are divided into five, namely five idhāfy phrases (nominal), six washfy phrases (adjectives), eight zharfy phrases (adverbial), four syibhul jumlah phrases (prepositions), and 5 ‘adady phrases (numerals). In addition, there are 13 parallel phrases, one phrase with a structural shift, nine phrases with a word-class shift, 2 with a unit shift, 2 with intra-system shifts, and one untranslated phrase.