Internet Of Things Era Research Articles

Benefit Oriented Production Data Acquisition for the Production Planning and Control

In order to stay competitive, many manufacturing companies, especially small and medium sized enterprises (SME), face the challenge to transform their production and the corresponding production planning and control (PPC) processes for the upcoming Internet of Things (IoT) Era. Since their time and cost budget is a constraint, SME need to focus particularly on relevant data types, data acquisition points and technologies that will be beneficial for their manufacturing processes. State of the art approaches are lacking in supporting SME sustainably, systematically and company-specific on their way to IoT from a PPC-perspective. Therefore, in this paper a systematic approach is described, which is providing a sustainable, benefit-oriented, and gradual guideline for companies which aim to build an IoT-supported production data acquisition for PPC processes, in order to enable sustainable manufacturing. The developed method is taking into account company-specific production structures through quantitative key performance indicators and qualitative morphological checklists. With the help of the approach proposed in this paper, SMEs are supported systematically on their transformation path of the production data acquisition for the PPC into the IoT Era in order to enable a sustainable production.

Social Behaviometrics for Personalized Devices in the Internet of Things Era

As the integration of smart mobile devices to the Internet of Things (IoT) applications is becoming widespread, mobile device usage, interactions with other devices, and mobility patterns of users carry significant amount of information about the daily routines of the users who are in possession of these devices. This rich set of data, if observed over a time period, can be used to effectively verify a user. In previous works, verification of users on personalized electronic devices via biometric properties, such as fingerprint and iris, has been successfully employed to increase the security of access. However, with the integration of social networks with the IoT infrastructure and their popularity on smart handheld devices, identification based on behavior over social networks is emerging as a novel concept. In this paper, we propose an intelligent add-on for the smart devices to enable continuous verification of users. In the experiments, we use data from built-in sensors and usage statistics of five different social networking applications on mobile devices. The collected feature set is aggregated over time and analyzed using machine learning techniques. We show that when smart devices are equipped with continuous verification intelligence, it is possible to verify users with less than 10% false rejection probabilities, and the users can keep using the devices with no interruption for biometric authentication 90% of the time. In the case of anomalous behavioral patterns, the proposed system can verify genuine users with up to 97% success ratio using an aggregated behavior pattern on five different social network applications.

A Survey on Emerging Computing Paradigms for Big Data

The explosive growth of data volume and the ever-increasing demands of data value extraction have driven us into the era of big data. The “5V” (Variety, Velocity, Volume, Value, and Veracity) characteristics of big data pose great challenges to traditional computing paradigms and motivate the emergence of new solutions. Cloud computing is one of the representative technologies that can perform massive-scale and complex data computing by taking advantages of virtualized resources, parallel processing and data service integration with scalable data storage. However, as we are also experiencing the revolution of Internet-of-things (IoT), the limitations of cloud computing on supporting lightweight end devices significantly impede the flourish of cloud computing at the intersection of big data and IoT era. It also promotes the urgency of proposing new computing paradigms. We provide an overview on the topic of big data, and a comprehensive survey on how cloud computing as well as its related technologies can address the challenges arisen by big data. Then, we analyze the disadvantages of cloud computing when big data encounters IoT, and introduce two promising computing paradigms, including fog computing and transparent computing, to support the big data services of IoT. Finally, some open challenges and future directions are summarized to foster continued research efforts into this evolving field of study.

Design of a Quaternary Query Tree ALOHA Protocol Based on Optimal Tag Estimation Method

Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) technology is one of the most promising technologies in the IoT (The Internet of Things) era. Many RFID systems have been used in supermarkets or warehouses. There are two challenges for RFID anti-collision algorithms. The first challenge is accurately estimating the number of tags; the other is improving the efficiency of RFID systems. This paper proposes an optimal tag estimation method in which tags respond to the reader in assigned time slots instead of responding randomly. In order to improve the performance of the RFID system, a 4-ary query tree Additive Link On-line HAwaii (ALOHA) protocol is presented that combines the merits of query tree algorithm and frame slotted ALOHA, and avoids their weaknesses. Simulation results show that the proposed algorithm has a higher tag identification efficiency compared to other dynamic frame slotted ALOHA algorithms, and it can overcome the tag starvation phenomenon, because it traces each tag until all of them are identified successfully.

The Fresh Products O2O Mode of New Development Base on the Internet of Things Era

As the network communication, intelligent sensor etc technical breakthrough, Internet of things era has arrived. At the same time, the initial phase of O2O mode need the relevant research and thinking inevitably, which based on the wave of the Internet of things. In this article, by means of fresh products O2O mode combined with Internet of things technology. In order to solves the current bottleneck of the development of the fresh product industry O2O mode and provide new ideas and methods, which service the rapid development of market economy in our country

A new area-efficient BCD-digit multiplier

In the Internet of Things era, with millions of devices performing financial and commercial operations, decimal arithmetic has become very popular in the computation of many business and commercial applications, in order to maintain decimal rounding and precision. This paper proposes the design and implementation of a new algorithm for decimal multiplication oriented to area reduction. This algorithm is especially suitable for field programmable gate arrays (FPGA) and has thus been implemented on this kind of devices. Results show that the proposed BCD multiplication leads to a significant area reduction without decreasing system performance.

(Invited) Semiconductor Packaging Technology to Progress the IoT Era

In the world economy there is a wave of the booming economy and the recession, the wave of the booming economy is going by the industry of technology innovation. Until now, the invention of the steam engine, transportation of development, has been repeated waves of good / recession of the economy by the invention of the electrical / communication. Now, the wave of major technological innovation has been visited by the progress of the Internet and the computer. It is a technique called IoT (Internet of Things) is connected and all of the places and things in the Internet, to accumulate an enormous amount of information, a wave of AI (Artificial Inteligence) is going to processing. Server for IoT era is referred to as a sensor and the edge can be determined that data to collect the information, also AI server to handle Big Data is needed. Such sensors or servers, it is important to semiconductor development for processing data in high-density memory and fast. On the other hand due to the limit of the semiconductor of the fine or photolithography, it is no longer the case is Moore's Law. As a result, technology of packaging the device in a high density is important. DRAM is, TSV (Through Via Silicon) HBM using (High Band Width Memory) and HMC (Hybrid Memory Cube) has been mass-produced is already a memory. System connecting the GPU (Graphic Processor Unit) using the Si interposer called 2.5D is still being produced. However, TSV Si Interposer called these 3D is in the advance in the future IoT because of the high cost, it is difficult to be used in general to modularize the large number of sensors. Development has been the development of new packaging technology, such as that in FOWLP. I want to discuss the outlook and its Overview.

How Internet of Things Influences Human Behavior Building Social Web of Services via Agent-Based Approach

Abstract The paper discovers potential human interactions with growing amount of internet of things (IoT) via proposed concept of Social Web of Services (classical social web with smart things - daily life objects connected to the internet). To investigate the impact of IoT on user behaviour patterns we modelled human-thing interactions using agent-based simulation (ABM). We have proved that under certain conditions SmartThings, connected to the IoT, are able to change patterns of Human behaviour. Results of this work predict our way of living in the era of caused by viral effects of IoT application (HCI and M2M connections), and could be used to foster business process management in the IoT era.

Design of a mass-customization-based cost-effective Internet of Things sensor system in smart building spaces

In the coming Internet of Things era, billions of users and devices will be connected to the Internet; this will lead beyond the era of super-connection to the era of super-fusion. In this era, it is more important than ever to design a highly scalable Internet of Things infrastructure by mass customization for cost-effective production of exponentially increasing numbers of Internet of Things systems to provide more intelligent service in smart spaces. The purpose of this article is the design of mass-customization-based Internet of Things system through three-level analysis of the building; it proposes a new concept of a systematic design for providing economical Internet of Things systems for intelligent service in smart building spaces through three-level analysis comprising environmental-, service-, and functional-level analyses.

Multicriteria Decision Analysis to Develop Effective Sustainable Development Strategies for Enhancing Competitive Advantages: Case of the TFT-LCD Industry in Taiwan

In the Internet of Things era, panel displays play a major role in human life, because humans frequently use liquid crystal displays to monitor their electrical devices. The display industry creates remarkable economic output, but every manufacturing process inevitably has some undesirable effects on the environment. With the increasing awareness of environmental protection, balanced development is necessary to address the emerging market trends. However, short-sighted manufacturing corporations that focus solely on financial performance can achieve only short-term profits. The purpose of this study was to develop the most effective sustainable improvement strategies that can enhance competitive advantages in real-world situations. The proposed method combines the balanced scorecard and a new hybrid modified multiple attribute decision-making model which together adopt the DEMATEL technique to construct the influential network relation map and develop the DEMATEL-based ANP with the VIKOR method to deliver strategies that integrate environmental sustainability and competitive advantage. Finally, a real-world case study applying the proposed method to the cases of liquid crystal display manufacturers was conducted. Then, this paper discusses the effective use of natural resources, development of enterprises, and sustainable competitive advantage in this context. Various manufacturers, communities, and stakeholders can benefit from the coopetition solutions explained by the proposed method.

Business network information ecological chain

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to present a new tool, business network information ecological chain (BNIEC) aiming to solve the current information problems in business network, make more profits to business websites and to maintain the sustainable development of the business network environment in Internet of Things (IoT) era. Design/methodology/approach – From multi-disciplinary perspectives, learning from the knowledge in information ecology, economics, the IoT and system theory, this paper first analyzes the positioning of BNIEC in different subjects. Second, it proposes the definition, components and characteristics of BNIEC and designs the BNIEC concept map helping to understand the BNIEC system. Last, this paper builds the structural model and the information flow models of BNIEC. Findings – The study first presents the concept of BNIEC and based on the trans-disciplinary point of view, builds the structure model of BNIEC from three aspects: nodes, relations among nodes and link modes and illustrates the model using the knowledge from the system theory. Also, it builds two kinds of the information flow models by the related information knowledge in IoT. Originality/value – This paper aims to introduce not only a new tool but an ecological idea to business network companies, to create a pleasant network environment, more than that, to make more benefits for themselves. Meanwhile, it has important significance in the sustainable development of the business network environment, business websites, business network information resources and information technology. Especially in today’s IoT era, it shows an ecological thinking to solve the information problems in business network that we may face in the future.

IoT時代の実現に向けて今なすべきこと

The Internet of things (IoT) is a hot subject in the society and industry. The number of internet-connected things is estimated to exceed 50 Billion by 2020. Sensors are key enablers in the system from the view point of hardware business. The key factor to create expanding sensor business in the IoT era is quick decision making and lower development cost. One of the solutions will be cooperation, even coopetition. Their importance and the validity are discussed on the basis of implemented national projects.

Countering Intelligent Dependent Malicious Nodes in Target Detection Wireless Sensor Networks

Target detection wireless sensor networks (WSNs), where binary decisions are transmitted to declare the presence or absence of a given target, are expected to have a fundamental role in the Internet of Things era. However, their simplicity makes these networks very susceptible to malicious attacks, while the problem is aggravated in the presence of intelligent malicious nodes that adapt their strategy depending on the behavior of other nodes in the network. In this paper, first, we analytically demonstrate that dependent and independent malicious nodes have the same impact on the overall performance of target detection WSNs in terms of detection and false alarm rates. Then, taking into account that dependent malicious users cannot be detected by conventional algorithms, we introduce an effective algorithm that detects malicious nodes in the network regardless of their type and number. Finally, theoretical and simulation results are provided to show the effects of dependent malicious nodes and analyze the performance of the proposed algorithm compared with the existing state-of-the-art works.

인간과 같은 감도를 가진 오감센서 기술

사람과 사람 사이의 통신을 넘어 사람과 사물, 사물과 사물 간에 정보를 주고받는 사물인터넷 시대가 다가오고 있다. 스마트 센서는 지능화에 의해 스마트폰, 지능형 자동차, 스마트홈 시스템, 착용형 전자기기, 원격진료 시스템, 대규모의 환경 감시 시스템 등으로 활용영역을 넓히고 있다. 최신 스마트폰에는 이미지센서, 터치센서, 마이크로폰, GPS, 모션센서, 지자기센서, 조도센서, 근접센서, 지문센서 등 다양한 스마트 센서가 적용되고 있다. 센서 기술은 기존 센서에 제어 판단 저장 통신 등 다양한 기능이 결합되어 기존 산업과 IT 산업을 융합하는 차세대 유망기술로 주목을 받는다. 특히 촉각 시각 청각 미각 후각 등 인간의 감각을 모방하는 오감인식 기술이 부상하고 있다. 본 연구보고서에서는 인간의 오감에 대한 생물학적 원리와 오감센서의 동작 원리, 국내외 연구개발 현황, 기술 및 시장 동향을 정리하였다. The Internet of Things era is approaching where all the things are equipped with smart sensors and communicate through internet. The three core technologies of the Internet of Things are 'detection technology' to get information from things and the environment, 'wired and wireless communications and network infrastructure skills' that support to connect things to the internet, and 'service interface technology' that processes the information appropriate to various services. Smart sensor application can expand to smartphone, smart cars, smart home systems, wearable electronic devices, telemedicine systems, and environmental monitoring systems, etc. In particular, technologies that mimic the five human senses. This study reviews the biological principles of the human senses and the principles of operation, research & development status, technology trends and market analysis of the sensors.

Absence Privacy Loss

In the emerging Internet of Things era, an adversary can use ubiquitous computing devices and sensors to determine a person's absence from one place while predicting his or her presence at another.

Design and Development of a Command-line Tool for Portable Executable File Analysis and Malware Detection in IoT Devices

Recently, Microsoft unveiled a new operating system called Windows 10. As it is highly expected that Windows 10 will play a significant role in the Internet of Things era, the Portable Executable (PE) format is drawing attention even more widely than before. PE is a standard file format for executables and object code used in MS Windows operating systems. Since a number of various malwares have widely spread by exploiting vulnerabilities of PE structure, the need of automatic tools for PE-malware detection is being magnified. In this paper, we designed and developed a command-line PE file analysis tool using Python language for automatic detection of Windows malware.

Preserving Smart Objects Privacy through Anonymous and Accountable Access Control for a M2M-Enabled Internet of Things.

As we get into the Internet of Things era, security and privacy concerns remain as the main obstacles in the development of innovative and valuable services to be exploited by society. Given the Machine-to-Machine (M2M) nature of these emerging scenarios, the application of current privacy-friendly technologies needs to be reconsidered and adapted to be deployed in such global ecosystem. This work proposes different privacy-preserving mechanisms through the application of anonymous credential systems and certificateless public key cryptography. The resulting alternatives are intended to enable an anonymous and accountable access control approach to be deployed on large-scale scenarios, such as Smart Cities. Furthermore, the proposed mechanisms have been deployed on constrained devices, in order to assess their suitability for a secure and privacy-preserving M2M-enabled Internet of Things.

Direct Observation of a Carbon Filament in Water-Resistant Organic Memory.

The memory for the Internet of Things (IoT) requires versatile characteristics such as flexibility, wearability, and stability in outdoor environments. Resistive random access memory (RRAM) to harness a simple structure and organic material with good flexibility can be an attractive candidate for IoT memory. However, its solution-oriented process and unclear switching mechanism are critical problems. Here we demonstrate iCVD polymer-intercalated RRAM (i-RRAM). i-RRAM exhibits robust flexibility and versatile wearability on any substrate. Stable operation of i-RRAM, even in water, is demonstrated, which is the first experimental presentation of water-resistant organic memory without any waterproof protection package. Moreover, the direct observation of a carbon filament is also reported for the first time using transmission electron microscopy, which puts an end to the controversy surrounding the switching mechanism. Therefore, reproducibility is feasible through comprehensive modeling. Furthermore, a carbon filament is superior to a metal filament in terms of the design window and selection of the electrode material. These results suggest an alternative to solve the critical issues of organic RRAM and an optimized memory type suitable for the IoT era.

Big Data Privacy in the Internet of Things Era

Over the last few years, we have seen a plethora of Internet of Things (IoT) solutions, products and services, making their way into the industry's market-place. All such solution will capture a large amount of data pertaining to the environment, as well as their users. The objective of the IoT is to learn more and to serve better the system users. Some of these solutions may store the data locally on the devices ('things'), and others may store in the Cloud. The real value of collecting data comes through data processing and aggregation in large-scale where new knowledge can be extracted. However, such procedures can also lead to user privacy issues. This article discusses some of the main challenges of privacy in IoT, and opportunities for research and innovation. We also introduce some of the ongoing research efforts that address IoT privacy issues.

Securing networks in the Internet of Things era

We all know that the Internet of Things (IoT) is coming, and its sheer scale alone is almost mind-boggling: Gartner reckons that the number of connected devices will hit 26 billion by 2020, almost 30 times the tally of devices connected to the IoT in 2009. 1 This estimate doesn't even include connected PCs, tablets and smartphones. Organisations' networks are already being invaded by a dizzying variety of Internet-connected ‘things’, often purchased and deployed by departments without consulting the IT people who will be responsible for managing and securing them. IT departments need to respond to this threat now, warns Cricket Liu of Infoblox. At the very least, they need to have a discussion with the rest of the business about what devices can and can't be introduced into the corporate environment. And there are some highly effective technical solutions – such as a move to IPv6 – that can help with the problem.