Internet Activities Research Articles

Capital Market in Nepal: Integration, Advantages, and Challenges

The Nepalese capital market has been growing these days recently. However, investors and potential investors have been disappointed by the lack of financial tools, low market diversification, and fewer investment opportunities. Low-level market participation in real estate is a consideration in the Nepalese context participants hold. Companies in the real sector account for only around 20% of all listed companies. Because banks dominate the secondary market, the Nepalese capital market does not truly represent the economy. In the secondary market, public sentiment is vital. Internet, trade reporting, and credit rating activities have supported the capital market's expansion. The government and regulator must collaborate to solve current capital market difficulties.

Akselarasi Financial Technology Untuk Meningkatkan Omset UMKM Kuliner Kota Padang Pasca Pandemi Covid 19

The purpose of the study was to determine the effect of financial technology acceleration on the turnover of culinary SMEs in Padang. The research data comes from primary data in the form of a questionnaire given to the owners of culinary SMEs in the city of Padang. This research uses associative method with quantitative approach. The research population was 371 culinary SMEs in the city of Padang and samples were taken by purposive sampling 193 culinary SMEs. Collecting data using field research techniques, interviews, observations and questionnaires.
 All research variables meet all instrument tests and classical assumption tests. The research data was processed using inferential statistics with the results of multiple linear regression equations Y = 1.255 + 0.739X1 - 0.328X2 + 0.629X3 + 0.321X4 + 0.523X5 + 0.478X6 + 0.367X7 + 0.485X8 + e. Partial and simultaneous hypothesis testing at a significance level of 5% shows that business experience, fintech loan value, household financial liquidity, suitability of loan applications, suitability of business needs, usefulness of fintech and internet activities have a significant positive effect on the turnover of Padang culinary SMEs except the interest rate. fintech has a significant negative effect on the turnover of culinary SMEs in the city of Padang. Correlation of business experience, fintech interest rate, fintech loan value, household financial liquidity, suitability of loan applications, suitability of business needs, usefulness of fintech and internet activities with culinary MSME turnover = 0.596 (medium) and R2 = 0.359 and Adjusted R square = 0.350
 The purpose of the study was to determine the effect of financial technology acceleration on the turnover of culinary SMEs in Padang. The research data comes from primary data in the form of a questionnaire given to the owners of culinary SMEs in the city of Padang. This research uses associative method with quantitative approach. The research population was 371 culinary SMEs in the city of Padang and samples were taken by purposive sampling 193 culinary SMEs. Collecting data using field research techniques, interviews, observations and questionnaires.
 All research variables meet all instrument tests and classical assumption tests. The research data was processed using inferential statistics with the results of multiple linear regression equations Y = 1.255 + 0.739X1 - 0.328X2 + 0.629X3 + 0.321X4 + 0.523X5 + 0.478X6 + 0.367X7 + 0.485X8 + e. Partial and simultaneous hypothesis testing at a significance level of 5% shows that business experience, fintech loan value, household financial liquidity, suitability of loan applications, suitability of business needs, usefulness of fintech and internet activities have a significant positive effect on the turnover of Padang culinary SMEs except the interest rate. fintech has a significant negative effect on the turnover of culinary SMEs in the city of Padang. Correlation of business experience, fintech interest rate, fintech loan value, household financial liquidity, suitability of loan applications, suitability of business needs, usefulness of fintech and internet activities with culinary MSME turnover = 0.596 (medium) and R2 = 0.359 and Adjusted R square = 0.350

Investigating problematic uses of Facebook and other Internet activities among university students in Bangladesh during the COVID-19 pandemic

Problematic use of Internet (PUI) and problematic use of Facebook (PUF) has been linked to escalating behavioral health issues among university students and has increased during the COVID-19 pandemic. This study estimated the prevalence of and explored associated factors for PUI and PUF among Bangladeshi university students during the COVID-19 pandemic. A cross-sectional online survey was undertaken among 1101 Bangladeshi university students between November and December 2020. The Internet Addiction Test and Facebook Addiction Scale were used to assess PIU and PUF, respectively. A multiple linear regression analysis was performed to adjust for confounders. Among the participants, PUI and PUF were found in 39.3% and 37.1%, respectively. The multiple linear regression model indicated PUI was significantly associated with participants residing in a village, arts majors, those unsatisfied with their major, having mediocre parental relationships, failure in romantic relationships, physical comorbidities, longer use of the Internet, using the Internet for purposes other than education, using social media, and downloading movies/TV series. PUF was significantly associated with village residence, lower income, arts majors, failure in romantic relationships, longer use of the Internet, using the Internet for purposes other than education, and downloading movies/TV series. Both PUI and PUF have been prevalent among Bangladeshi university students during the COVID-19 pandemic. Longitudinal & exploratory studies are warranted in the future to identify causal factors for PUI and PUF and appropriate interventions should be designed quickly for this population.

From science to society to practice? Public reactions to the insect crisis in Germany

Abstract The insect crisis, as conservation topic, has historically received little attention among the general public. Yet, the publication “More than 75% decline over 27 years in total flying insect biomass in protected areas” by Hallmann et al. gained vast media coverage in Germany in October 2017. Given the media's known influence on public perception, we investigated (i) whether coverage of this publication increased awareness among the German public for insect die‐off, and (ii) whether it contributed to people's intentions to undertake insect protecting actions. We used Google Trends to examine people's internet activity in Germany in relation to keywords relevant to our research question. A high peak in Google searches for insect die‐off (“Insektensterben”) was indeed visible immediately after the study publication, and search volume remained significantly higher for the following 6 months, confirming that the topic gained attention. Further, searches for the three keywords insect hotel, bee‐friendly and bee meadow (“Insektenhotel”, “bienenfreundlich”, “Bienenweide”) increased significantly over the summers of the years 2017 to 2019. It appears that increased media attention around insect die‐off spurned by the publication of Hallmann et al not only addressed the crisis but also encouraged implementation of simple insect protection measures by the public. These findings suggest that cooperation between the media, conservation organizations and scientists to disseminate evidence‐based information alongside practical conservation measures may have lasting benefits. Read the free Plain Language Summary for this article on the Journal blog.

Internet severity and activities addiction questionnaire (ISAAQ): Psychometrics of item response theory and clustering of online activities

BackgroundProblematic usage of the internet (PUI) is an umbrella term, referring to a variety of maladaptive online behaviors linked to functional impairment. There is ongoing need for the development of instruments capturing not only PUI severity, but also the online activity types. The Internet Severity and Activities Questionnaire (ISAAQ), previously developed to address this need, required further refinement and validation. MethodsCross-sectional data was gathered in two separate samples (South Africa n = 3275, USA-UK n = 943) using the Internet Severity and Activities Addiction Questionnaire (ISAAQ). Item Response Theory (IRT) was used to examine the properties of the scale (Part A of the ISAAQ) and differential item functioning against demographic parameters. The severity scale of the ISAAQ was optimized by eliminating the poorest performing items using an iterative approach and examining validity metrics. Cluster analyses was used to examine internet activities and commonalities across samples (Part B of the ISAAQ). ResultsOptimization of ISAAQ using IRT yielded a refined 10-item version (ISAAQ-10), with less differential item functioning and a robust unidimensional factor structure. The ISAAQ-10 severity score correlated strongly with established measures of internet addiction (Compulsive Internet Use Scale [Person's r = 0.86] and the Internet Addiction Test-10 [r = 0.75]). Combined with gaming activity score it correlated moderately strongly with the established Internet Gaming Disorder Test (r = 0.65). Exploratory cluster analyses in both samples identified two groups, one of “low-PUI” [98.1–98.5%], and one of “high-PUI” [1.5–1.9%]. Multiple facets of internet activity appeared elevated in the high-PUI cluster. DiscussionThe ISAAQ-10 supersedes the earlier longer version of the ISAAQ, and provides a useful, psychometrically robust measure of PUI severity (Part A), and captures the extent of engagement in a wide gamut of online specific internet activities (Part B). ISAAQ-10 constitutes a valuable objective measurement tool for future studies.

Personality traits and psychological self-regulation of students online and offline: To the question of “digital” aspect of socialization

Internet activities, especially in adolescents and young people, are related to higher emotions and the wider social roles, comparing to offline. The aim of the study was to reveal manifestations of personality traits and psychological self-regulation online comparing to offline, as well as their relationship with user activity, relationship to Internet and subjective well-being. 260 students filled the Brief Personality Scale, the Balanced Measure of Psychological Needs Scale, and the Cognitive Emotion Regulation Questionnaire, first with original instruction, and then with instruction to assess whether these features are more likely to manifest online or offline. Additional measures included scales of assessment of subjective well-being, user and combined activity, digital competence, attitude to technology, attitude to the digitalization of education. The suggested modifications of the Balanced Measure of Psychological Needs Scale, and the Cognitive Emotion Regulation Questionnaire had sufficient reliability-consistency, which allows use them in research aimed at comparing psychological manifestations online and offline. On the Internet, compared to offline, students were less satisfied with relatedness; they are less self-blaming, accepting, ruminating, focusing on planning, had lower scores on positive reappraisal, perspective taking, and catastrophizing. Higher levels of autonomy, acceptance, rumination, positive refocusing, and perspective taking were related to higher offline rather than online manifestations of these traits. User activity was associated with greater online autonomy, the combined (online and offline) activity — with online competence, and with greater excitability of the digitalization of education with online competence and positive reappraisal. Differences in the manifestations of psychological self-regulation online and offline were not related to subjective well-being. It can be assumed that students’ assessment of their possibilities of psychological self-regulation online, comparing to offline, describes their relationship to their Internet activities and self-image but not general relationship to technologies and digital competence.

CHILD, FAMILY, SCHOOL IN THE INFORMATION SPACE

Relevance. In the modern world, information technology allows to create digital spaces for the child, parents and school. The issues of concern are how well protected a child’s world in the digital space is; how parents, children and educators interact in the digital world; how children are taught the basics of cybersecurity. Aim of the research is studying potential threats when using the Internet by a child, fi nding ways to ensure children’s safety. Research methods include a questionary and in-depth interviews. In the course of the study,  students from schools of Rostov-on-Don city were interviewed. Main results. Master students of the Southern Federal University conducted a study in which they tried to fi nd out the main risks and threats that may arise when using the Internet and considered offenses committed against adolescents on the Internet. The study revealed that  percent of schoolchildren do not know what to do and who to contact for help if they fi nd illegal or negative content on the Internet. The Internet and social media can pose risk to children, especially if they do not know how to use them properly and how to protect their personal information. There are many programs and tools that help to organize safe work of children on the Internet. These include Parental Control software, antiviruses software, Internet fi lters, mobile applications, monitoring tools that help parents track children’s Internet activities. However, only an open dialogue and frequent communication with children about their online activities can help parents and educators better understand the problems of the child and thus prevent possible risks. Conclusion. Teaching children how to use social media safely can help them avoid unwanted online situations. Involving children and adolescents in the study of problems related to cyber threats contributes to the development of their information culture.

Comparison of online, face-to-face and video-based teaching methods in anatomy education of medical faculty students

There are many opinions on the effectiveness of the methods used in anatomy education. The aim of the study is to determine the superiority of online, video-based, and face-to-face education methods over each other. A total of 80 students, 41 female, and 39 male, participated at Malatya Turgut Özal University Faculty of Medicine to study. A questionnaire consisting of 20 questions, seven questions questioning demographic information and internet activity, and 13 queries about anatomy education was applied by online submission. The students consider that video-recorded education is effective in terms of time management with %75, three-dimensional digital resources are effective with 47.5%, more concentrated in face-to-face education than online education with 48.8%, face-to-face education is sufficient in professionality in medical applications with 58.8%. The students stated that both face-to-face and video-recorded education were effective at a high rate, with 73.8%. In addition, anatomy lectures should be based on theory and practice, and face-to-face & video-recorded education to be together with practical education 70%. The correlation results demonstrate that the benefit of teaching method, concentration, and benefit on professionality have the highest level of correlation with other educational landmarks. Face to face method is effective in concentration and community, and the video-recorded education method is effective in time management in anatomy education. Therefore both face-to-face and video-based education called the hybrid education method, is effective in anatomy education.

Digital activity and literacy of youth in Tatarstan: Digitalisation prospects the regional socio-economic development

The study of digital activity and literacy of young people in the Republic of Tatarstan is based on the sociological analysis of Internet activity. The results revealed a high level of digital activity, but also noted a gap between this activity and self-assessed literacy. Young people show interest in various online spheres, with high competence in digital communication and content creation. However, the importance of improving digital security knowledge is emphasised. The findings could be key for the development of educational programmes, promoting the safe use of digital technologies in everyday life and relevant to interests in environment, energy and land sciences.

Fine Grained Feature Extraction Model of Riot-related Images Based on YOLOv5

With the rapid development of Internet technology, the type of information in the Internet is extremely complex, and a large number of riot contents containing bloody, violent and riotous components have appeared. These contents pose a great threat to the network ecology and national security. As a result, the importance of monitoring riotous Internet activity cannot be overstated. Convolutional Neural Network (CNN-based) target detection algorithm has great potential in identifying rioters, so this paper focused on the use of improved backbone and optimization function of You Only Look Once v5 (YOLOv5), and further optimization of hyperparameters using genetic algorithm to achieve fine-grained recognition of riot image content. First, the fine-grained features of riot-related images were identified, and then the dataset was constructed by manual annotation. Second, the training and testing work was carried out on the constructed dedicated dataset by supervised deep learning training. The research results have shown that the improved YOLOv5 network significantly improved the fine-grained feature extraction capability of riot-related images compared with the original YOLOv5 network structure, and the mean average precision (mAP) value was improved to 0.6128. Thus, it provided strong support for combating riot-related organizations and maintaining the online ecological environment.

Digital Literacy Assistance for Women at Madrasah Technology Al-Khwarizmi Pangalengan, Bandung Regency

This study aims to analyze the process of digital literacy education and assistance for women at Madrasah Teknologi Al-Khwarizmi Pangalengan, Bandung Regency. Specifically, the research focuses on four aspects of digital literacy: digital skills, digital culture, digital ethics, and digital safety. The analysis uses a constructivist paradigm with a qualitative approach. Data were collected through observation, interviews, FGD, LGD, and documentation. Meanwhile, the mentoring process is carried out using an asset-based community development (ABCD) approach. The results of the research and mentoring show that the Madrasah of Technology Al-Khwarizmi is a non-formal educational institution in rural areas that focuses on providing understanding and assistance in digital literacy, especially for women. In addition, digital literacy assistance for women is carried out through increasing computer skills as a preventive measure against digital threats, positive cultural habituation by studying and reading the Qur'an in internet activities, strengthening digital ethics through family counseling and moral development for parents and community involvement and partnership networks in maintaining internet awareness.

Value-Orientation Differentiation of Volunteers-Educating of the Internet Encyclopedia “Wikipedia” and the Project “Otvety.” Part 2

Over the past decades, altruistic cyber activities of online education volunteers who share useful knowledge with other Internet users have become widespread in the Internet space. Personal and group features of such prosocial behavior, which is strongly influenced by the realization of values, have not been sufficiently studied by psychological science so far. This study continues the psychological analysis of the value-orientation sphere of online educators, focusing on competent education volunteers who deal with the Internet encyclopedia “Wikipedia” (N = 92) and the question-answer (QA) online project “Otvety” (N = 113). The following tools were used in the work: the revised Portrait Value Questionnaire (PVQ-R2R) by Sh. Schwartz adapted by T.P. Butenko, D.S. Sedova and A.S. Lipatova and the Value Orientations Techniques developed by O.I. Motkov and T.A. Ogneva (version 2). The results of the analysis provide sufficient grounds to characterize the members of both groups as indivi- duals who are productively oriented towards informational and pro-social Internet activities that are not identical in format from the perspective of transfinite altruism, for the implementation of which optimal non-hierarchical-parity conditions have been created in their reference online communities, stimulating liberty in the process of individual self-realization. It is shown that, with a high homogeneity of the value profiles of the Wikipedia authors and QA “Otvety” service experts, the internal value-related self-determination (procedural in nature) has a basal meaning for them, since the external one, set in a heteronomous position, only weakly corresponds to their freedom-seeking way of life. It is concluded that the series of theoretical and empirical psychological studies of the diverse teams of online education volunteers will make it possible, by understanding their personal and group specifics, to lay a solid foundation, which can potentially lead to global unity of people with the prospect of large-scale amplification of knowledge as one of the highest human values.

IS ONLINE ACCESS AND ACTIVITY ASSOCIATED WITH BETTER MOOD IN OLDER ADULTS LIVING ALONE DURING THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC?

Abstract Older adults living alone during the COVID-19 pandemic face risks for social isolation and mental health problems. The goal of this study was to investigate the relationship between access to internet-capable devices or utilizing email/ texting, social networking [SN], or health-related internet use [HIU] and psychological outcomes (depressive and anxiety symptoms) among older adults living in the community during the early months of the pandemic, March, 2020-May, 2020. A cross-sectional analysis of the National Health and Aging Trends Study (NHATS, Round 10) was conducted, using multivariable logistic regression. Adults aged ≥85y were more likely to live alone than those aged 65-84y (34.3% and 24.9% respectively, p< 0.001). Additionally, 39.6% of women lived alone compared with 21.2% of men (p< 0.001). Fewer people living alone had access to an internet-enabled device than those living with others (10.4% and 5.4%, respectively). Among older adults living alone, utilizing SN and HIU was associated with lower likelihood of depression or anxiety (Depression: adj.OR 0.36, CI 0.17-0.77; Anxiety: adj.OR 0.31 CI 0.13-0.76). Alternatively, among those living with others, using email/ texting was associated with lower likelihood of depression and anxiety (Depression: adj.OR 0.23, CI 0.13-0.46, Anxiety: 0.33 CI, 0.17-0.67). In summary, internet activity was associated with reduced risk for depression and anxiety among older adults who lived alone or with others early in the pandemic. Further research is needed to better understand the potentially mitigating role of internet activities among older adults at risk for isolation and associated mood disturbances.

Prevalence and Triggering Factors Associated with Mobile Phone Addiction among University Students in Bangladesh

BACKGROUND: Nowadays, mobile phones are constantly being improved by enlarging upon their functionalities, which in turn increases the tendency of overuse and addiction. This study aimed to find the prevalence and factors associated with mobile phone addiction (MPA) among university students in Bangladesh.METHODS: This study recruited 379 participants by a self-administrated online based e-questionnaire using a cross section design. Leung’s Mobile phone Addiction Index Scale was used to assess MPA. In addition, logistic regression analysis was used to explore the associated factors for MPA.RESULTS: The overall prevalence of MPA was 42.2 % among the current university students. However, the addiction rate was 45.7 % among <25 years old participants. Spending time on the social media sites and lose sleep due to late night internet device activity were the reasons for MPA among university students in Bangladesh. Participants age less than 25 years and studying in undergraduate level had a higher chance of MPA.CONCLUSION: This study exposed that the prevalence of MPA was comparatively higher among younger participants. Spend time on social media sites and lose sleep due to late night internet activity are the most significant determinants of MPA. Thus, raising awareness among the younger generation is most important to reduce MPA. The findings of the study can be used to support health and educational organizations design programs that will help prevent MPA among university students in Bangladesh

Problematic Internet Use, Anxiety, Depression, and Stress Symptoms in Adults with COVID-19 Pandemic and Earthquake Experience: Insights from Croatian Online Survey.

In 2020, Croatia was hit by the COVID-19 pandemic and two earthquakes. As previous research showed that Internet use (IU) increased during the COVID-19 pandemic, we carried out an online survey to determine the levels of problematic Internet use (PIU) and problematic specific Internet activities before and during the prolonged stress caused by the COVID-19 pandemic as well as earthquakes. We also determined the correlation between the PIU and specific Internet activities and anxiety, depression, and stress symptoms. According to the responses of 1,118 participants from all Croatian regions, PIU increased by 14.1 percent (odds ratio [OR] 6.2), problematic social media use by 12.6 percent (OR 4.8), and uncontrolled online shopping by 5.3 percent (OR 5.8) in comparison with presurvey period. The PIU increase was significantly higher in participants reporting only pandemic-related stress than in those reporting both pandemic- and earthquake-related stress. Problematic social media use increased in those reporting only pandemic-related stress and both pandemic- and earthquake-related stress. The strongest correlation between PIU and problematic social media use and anxiety, depression, intrusion, and avoidance symptoms was found among those reporting both pandemic- and earthquake-related stress. The correlation between psychiatric measures and PIU and problematic specific Internet activities varied depending on the source of experienced or perceived stress. Our findings show the relationship between the problematic stress-related Internet behaviors, different types of stressors, and their impact on the overall PIU and problematic specific Internet activities in situations of prolonged stress.

The Online Flow Questionnaire: An Item Response Theory Examination.

Online flow refers to the rate of an individual's absorbance in an Internet activity in which they are engaged. It has been implicated with both the effectiveness of cyberhealth and online education applications, as well as excessive Internet use. One way of assessing it is the Online Flow Questionnaire (OFQ). Consequently, this study investigated the optimum measurement of online flow, as well as OFQ cutoff points, using Item Response Theory (IRT). A large sample of high school students from Greece (N = 1579, Mage = 16.12, SDage = 0.85; 50.5 percent females) completed the OFQ and the data were analyzed using IRT procedures. The analysis indicated that items in the OFQ possess differing levels of discrimination and difficulty, although all items were generally within acceptable ranges. An OFQ cutoff score of 5 represented an extremely high level of online flow experiences. The findings suggest that the OFQ generally functions as an acceptable marker of overall online flow. However, the current format of the OFQ appears to inhibit its ability to detect variability at the extreme low and high ends of the latent trait in the population assessed. Future revisions (potentially employing computerized adaptive tests) of the OFQ response format may enhance its utility.

Qualitative study exploring perceptions, attitudes and practices of adolescent university students in Lagos, Nigeria, towards a healthy lifestyle.

Lifestyle behaviours such as physical activity, dietary habits and sedentary behaviour are developed and established during adolescent years. This study aimed to explore the perceptions, attitudes and practices of adolescent university students in Lagos, Nigeria, towards healthy lifestyle. Three university institutions in Lagos, Nigeria. Qualitative research design was employed. In-depth interviews (IDIs) using an audio-recorder were conducted with 18 adolescent university students recruited through purposive sampling from three university institutions in Lagos, Nigeria. Recorded interviews were transcribed verbatim and thematic content analysis was used to analyse transcribed data. Study participants perceived a healthy lifestyle as balanced diet, regular physical activity and disease prevention. They described their attitudes and practices towards a healthy lifestyle in terms of personal conviction and disposition, regular physical activity and consumption of fruits and vegetables. Meal skipping and junk food consumption were notable unhealthy dietary practices. Home environment, school campus physical environment, peers, secondary school background and concerns about fast food quality were positive influences towards healthy lifestyle, while academic schedules, personal disposition school campus eateries and sociocultural background were negative influences. Computer and Internet activity was the main sedentary activity. Study participants' perception of healthy lifestyles in terms of balanced diet and physical activity aligned with the evidence-based guidelines for healthy lifestyle concepts. Regulatory policies and built environment that promote healthy dietary practices among adolescent university students are recommended.Contribution: Future research is suggested to examine the benefit of study participants' engagement in computer or Internet sedentary activities for academic activity and knowledge seeking towards healthy lifestyles.

How Does Internet Use Improve Mental Health among Middle-Aged and Elderly People in Rural Areas in China? A Quasi-Natural Experiment Based on the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS).

One of the most significant public health issues in rural China is how to improve the mental health of middle-aged and older individuals. Using 2013, 2015, and 2018 CHARLS panel data, this paper properly examined the effects of Internet use on the mental health of middle-aged and elderly people in rural China based on the difference-in-differences method. The findings are as follows: (1) Internet use effectively improves the mental health status of middle-aged and elderly people in rural China; (2) compared to the middle-aged group, Internet use has a more obvious effect on the mental health of the elderly; (3) further analysis showed that reading news, watching videos, and playing games online could significantly improve the mental health status of middle-aged and elderly people in rural China, while chatting online and other Internet activities cannot significantly improve mental health status; and (4) playing games, watching videos, and reading news have different effects on the mental health of middle-aged and elderly people in rural China. The results indicate that playing games have a better effect on depression levels than watching videos. In contrast, watching news had the lowest effect on depression levels among middle-aged and elderly people in rural China. The results of this study also show the latest evidence that Internet use can help China’s rural middle-aged and elderly populations to reduce social isolation, establish new social connections, gain social support, and, ultimately, achieve active ageing. Therefore, promoting multiple forms of interaction is an effective path to prevent loneliness, which has become the new policy direction of the government to create an age-friendly Internet environment using various measures in the future to eliminate the barriers to Internet access affecting the middle-aged and elderly in rural China.

Inheritance of digital assets: Analyzing the concept of digital inheritance on social media platforms

We are moving toward a technologically driven world where the traditional way of looking at assets merely from a physical perspective is slowing evolving to include digital assets. With our extreme indulgence in internet activities, we end up creating a heap of digital assets without realizing the risk associated with its privacy and ownership after death. We share our personal pictures, videos, thoughts, and beliefs through daily posts on social media platforms. All these files are a type of digital assets with social and emotional value, but neither the law nor the social media platforms take strong steps for preserving them and ensuring their inheritance after the user’s death. There is no universally accepted definition of digital assets and hence the concept of digital asset inheritance is in vain. This paper analyzes the posthumous rights of a social media user. It also explores the laws available in the US and India that protect the digital assets and examines the rules and regulations adopted by some of the most important social media platforms for the inheritance of the digital assets. Recommendations and suggestions for the practical implementation of digital inheritance are provided.

Financial Literacy and Its Impact on Fraud Detection of Indonesia's Generation Z

Everyone in the world had to adjust their way of life during the Covid-19 epidemic, since lockdown and quarantine measures were enacted in the majority of countries. As a result, social engagement and communication were forced to take place through the internet. Consequently, as in the case of Indonesia, the number of internet users expanded dramatically over this time period. With an increase in internet users and activity comes an increase in financial fraud. According to this study, Financial literacy has an effect on someone's capacity to spot fraud. From investigating through various literature and conducting surveys, Individuals with a high score in both financial knowledge and behavior have a better capacity to identify fraud. It might also be claimed that Indonesia's youth generation have financial literacy knowledge and skills. As technology advances, more research with the inclusion of digital literacy may be conducted. This will help people to get understanding of the digital world as well as financial expertise.