International Standard ISO Research Articles

БЕЗПЕКА ПРАЦІ В КОНТЕКСТІ ВПЛИВУ ОКРЕМИХ ЧИННИКІВ ПСИХІЧНОГО ЗДОРОВ’Я ПРАЦІВНИКІВ В УМОВАХ ВОЄННОГО СТАНУ

Purpose. To investigate occupational safety and seek recommendations for its improvement in the context of the impact of individual factors on the mental health of workers in conditions of wartime. Methodology. To achieve the goal, the following research methods were used in the work: analytical – analysis of scientific and technical literature; sociological – studying the state of industrial injuries with fatal consequences; statistical – processing of statistical data. Results. The analysis of the latest research and publications on this issue has been carried out, and the current legislative and regulatory acts regarding the impact of mental health on occupational safety have been investigated. It is shown that the high level of industrial injuries in Ukraine for 10 months of 2023 indicates the shortcomings of guaranteeing labor safety. The main types of events that led to fatal accidents have been presented, and it has been noted that more than a third of them are related to the conduct of hostilities. It has been determined that the international standard ISO 45003:2021 "Occupational health and safety management. Psychological health and occupational safety at work. Guidelines for the management of psychosocial risks" contains instructions for planning, implementation, evaluation of the health and safety management system in the workforce, which are appropriate to use in wartime. The main factors that cause the appearance of stress during the performance of labor duties have been given. Recommendations for the formation of a psychologically safe working environment at the enterprise under martial law conditions have been offered. Scientific novelty. The study involves a comprehensive investigation of individual factors of workers' mental health in the context of occupational safety in times of war. Practical significance. Managing psychosocial risks and providing psychological support to workers can be crucial elements of business strategies to reduce the level of industrial injuries and create a safe and healthy working environment in times of war.

Implementation of an integrated management system in calcium soda production

By amalgamating these essential pillars, the integrated management system endeavors to revolutionize the calcium soda production paradigm, ensuring harmonious coexistence between economic progress and ecological responsibility. This manuscript will explore the key components, challenges, and potential benefits of integrating such a system while shedding light on the transformative impact it can have on the industry as a whole. As we embark on this journey towards a more sustainable and efficient future, the implementation of an integrated management system emerges as a cornerstone in shaping the trajectory of calcium soda production and contributing to a greener and safer world. This article highlights the significance of integrating standards in the soda ash production process, focusing on improving product quality, ensuring competitiveness, and meeting high demand in domestic and foreign markets. It also explores the development and implementation of a quality management system (QMS) based on the ISO 9001:2015 standard. Additionally, the advantages and disadvantages of obtaining SMT certification for compliance with international ISO standards are discussed.

ВИОКРЕМЛЕННЯ РИЗИКІВ У МАРКЕТИНГОВОМУ АНАЛІЗІ ПІДПРИЄМСТВА

The article examines the risks associated with marketing activities in enterprises. Implementing such activities amidst significant market uncertainty comes with risks, and the marketing service of an enterprise must diagnose and minimize their negative consequences. Risk analysis in marketing activities necessitates systematic marketing information, which marketers identify from various sources. Marketing risk analysis involves a specific sequence of actions wherein marketing specialists, understanding the company's specifics, identify marketing risks, their types, sources, and the factors that influence them, as well as the losses they may cause. Marketing theory and practice have developed a classification of marketing risks based on various criteria. This classification assists specialists in determining risk types, their numbers, and occurrence dynamics. Of utmost importance is analyzing the sources and factors of marketing risks - the causes or driving forces that generate risks. Moreover, analyzing losses from marketing risks is crucial, including determining the amount of losses by type and source of risks, and identifying sources of compensation, particularly those covered by insurance companies. The final stage of marketing risk analysis involves assessing the effectiveness of measures taken to overcome the consequences of these risks. Typically, marketing analysis includes an analytical report on marketing risks, grouping risk countermeasures by type, enabling the company's management to implement an effective policy. In modern conditions, each company develops its risk management system in marketing, based on risk analysis, with certain approaches fully and consistently disclosed in the international risk management standard ISO 31000:2009. The domestic market, with its specific characteristics, creates a comprehensive system of marketing risks for Ukrainian enterprises. Consequently, conducting a modern analysis and devising a set of special measures based on it will enable Ukrainian companies to develop and strengthen their market positions.

Internal Auditing Risk Analysis for Medical Laboratories Seeking Accreditation through the Hong Kong Laboratory Accreditation Scheme (HOKLAS).

The primary aim of this study was to determine quantitatively the extent of coverage of the Hong Kong Laboratory Accreditation Scheme (HOKLAS 015) requirements by guidance checklists (HOKLAS 016-02 and HOKLAS 021). The level of conformance requirement coverage of HOKLAS 015 by HOKLAS 016-02 and HOKLAS 021 was calculated by an evaluation checklist based on conformance requirements in HOKLAS 015. A distribution analysis of conformance requirements relating to the International Standard ISO 15189:2012 process-based quality management system model was also performed to elicit further coverage information. HOKLAS 016-02 was found to provide coverage of 76% while HOKLAS 021 was found to provide coverage of 11%. HOKLAS 015 was also found to have a distribution coverage of 78% relating to the International Standard ISO 15189:2012 process-based quality management system model. The results of this analysis should be of value to medical laboratories wishing to maintain the internal auditability required by HOKLAS 015 by gaining an awareness of the extent of coverage provided by HOKLAS 016-02 and HOKLAS 021.

ENSURING THE COMPETITIVENESS OF INDUSTRIAL ENTERPRISES BASED ON METHODS FOR ASSESSING THE QUALITY OF INDUSTRIAL PRODUCTS

The article examines the model of the quality management system based on international standards ISO 9000 series is generally recognized in the world. It is being implemented at enterprises of all forms of ownership operating in various countries and sectors of the economy. The standard has gained such wide popularity due to its versatility and approaches to quality management, which have shown their effectiveness and efficiency in practice. In the modern world, the basis for ensuring a competitive advantage of an enterprise in the market is the continuous improvement of its management system and products. The ISO 9000 series of standards focuses the organization on continuous improvement and the fullest satisfaction of the requirements of all stakeholders. The quality management system is an important factor of competitiveness. The presence of a quality management system at the manufacturer means, in market language, the ability of this enterprise to meet the requirements of consumers, regulatory requirements from the state and the requirements of the organization for its own activities. In accordance with the General provisions of the standard, this is the main purpose of the quality management system. Modern enterprises operate in a constantly changing market environment. Only those companies that can quickly adapt to changes in the external environment can survive in the competition. In this regard, the quality management system should be flexible and quickly "adjusted" to changes in the requirements of the parties interested in the company's activities. Only such a management system can become a useful tool in the hands of the company's management.

Institutional features of the regulation of investment activities of an environmental orientation

The article presents a methodology for the formation of a system for early recognition of signals that characterize the occurrence of environmental and economic problems and the need to develop and implement environmental investment projects at industrial enterprises in the region, including a set of methods for obtaining, processing and analyzing information in the form of a sequence of five stages. The first stage is the search and primary processing of information. The second stage involves recognizing the position of the industrial enterprise and identifying problems. At the third stage, it is necessary to identify the strengths and weaknesses of the competitive position, the opportunities and threats of investment in environmental protection. The fourth stage makes it possible to determine the most likely scenario for the investment activity strategy. The essence of the fifth stage is the formation of a program to improve the mechanisms of institutional regulation of investment activity at all levels of management. An analysis of the strategic potential can be carried out in the form of an analysis of strengths and weaknesses, opportunities and threats only using the factors influencing environmentally oriented investment activities. In the process of strategic analysis, the degree of readiness of an industrial enterprise, all industrial enterprises in the region to implement the new requirements of ISO 9001:2000 quality management, ISO 14001 environmental management and the developed international standard ISO 19011, which combines the requirements of the two previous management standards, was clarified. The article shows that strategic analysis and environmental audit are interrelated and require simultaneous strategic control.

Final report of CCQM-K172 on measurement of Specific Adsorption A [mol/kg] of Ar on zeolite at liquid argon temperature (to enable a traceable determination of the Specific Surface Area by following ISO 9277)

Main textThe CCQM-K172 key comparison on measurement of Specific Adsorption A [mol/kg] of Ar on zeolite at liquid argon temperature (to enable a traceable determination of the Specific Surface Area by following ISO 9277) has been performed by the Surface Analysis Working Group (SAWG) of the Consultative Committee for Amount of Substance (CCQM). The objective of this key comparison is to compare the equivalency of the National Metrology Institutes (NMIs) and Designated Institutes (DIs) for the measurement of specific adsorption of Ar, BET specific surface area) of microporous substances (zeolites, sorbents, ceramics, catalytic agents, etc) used in advanced technology.In this key comparison, a commercial zeolite was supplied as a sample. Five NMIs/DIs participated in this key comparison. All participants used a gas adsorption method, here argon adsorption at 77.3 K, for analysis according to the international standard ISO 9277.In this key comparison, the degrees of equivalence uncertainties for specific adsorption argon, BET specific surface area were established.To reach the main text of this paper, click on Final Report. Note that this text is that which appears in Appendix B of the BIPM key comparison database https://www.bipm.org/kcdb/.The final report has been peer-reviewed and approved for publication by the CCQM, according to the provisions of the CIPM Mutual Recognition Arrangement (CIPM MRA).

MODERN PRINCIPLES OF QUALITY MANAGEMENT

The article examines the substantive characteristics of the concept of “quality”, the quality management model in accordance with the cycle of continuous improvement and the justification on this basis of a set of principles for enterprise quality management. It established that quality understood as a process of continuous improvement, a way of doing business in Ukraine, when it is necessary to be better in relation to others, and not just to have products of better quality. Modern practice of trade relations includes the customer checking and assessing the supplier’s existing quality management system, which considered by the customer as an additional guarantee of the stability of the quality of supplies. In this sense, the quality system must comply with the international standards ISO 9000. The quality pyramid presented in accordance with quality standards and consumer properties: quality, enterprise quality, work quality, product quality. Key aspects of quality presented in accordance with international experience. It established that the main role and responsibility in the quality management system belongs to the top management of the enterprise, for which it is important to involve each employee in work on quality issues and carry out activities to improve the qualifications of personnel. To solve the problem of ensuring the quality of products (services), it is necessary to purposefully manage the process of formation and quality, taking into account a set of interrelated technical, organizational, economic, and social factors. It proven that effective quality management based on Edward Deming's cycle of continuous improvement, when the emphasis is not on increasing profits, but on constantly improving the quality of products and services. The set of quality principles formed by foreign scientists studied. Modern principles of quality management, which are basic and comprehensive customer-oriented rules, selected and described.

Technology of relational database management systems performance evaluation during computer systems design

Based on the recommendations of the international standard ISO 25010, a formalized technology for evaluating the performance of relational database management systems in the design of computer systems has been developed. Attributes and metrics of the performance characteristics were defined and elementary functions for evaluating the quality of their implementation were developed. The procedures for planning and performing evaluation processes are substantiated, which makes it possible to quantitatively express the quality of both an individual attribute and their aggregate in the form of sub-characteristics and characteristics of the external quality model. The proposed technology provides flexibility and formalizes the process of choosing the best DBMS alternatives, taking into account the type and requirements of a specific designed computer system.

USE OF TEST CYCLES FOR STUDYING THE OPERATIONAL PROPERTIES OF TRANSPORT CONSTRUCTION MACHINERY

The article discusses the main test cycles that can be used to evaluate the operational properties of transport construction machines. In particular, with their help, it is possible to study the environmental safety and fuel efficiency of machines of various purposes, which are used in transport construction. The work presents the methods and procedures by which the operational properties of such machines are investigated. The considered test cycles of engines of agricultural machinery, road construction machines, excavators, ship, industrial and locomotive engines, provided by the international standard ISO 8178. This standard consists of 11 chapters, which describe in detail the test procedure and methods of measuring the content of harmful substances in exhaust gases of various types engines, fuel type requirements and analysis of the obtained results. ISO 8178 contains a series of engine bench test cycles designed for different classes of engines and equipment, each of which is a sequence of steady-state or transient modes with different load factors. In the event that conducting tests on a motor stand is difficult, this standard provides for measurement under operating conditions. In this case, the standard test cycles do not apply and the tests are carried out while the vehicle is operating in its normal operating mode. Emissions are measured using the Portable emissions measurement system (PEMS). Test cycles are one of the effective tools for evaluating the fuel economy and environmental performance of transport construction machines. They allow you to get a lot of useful information about various aspects of the machines, such as fuel consumption, emissions of harmful substances, noise level, engine efficiency, etc. One of the disadvantages of using test cycles is their limited versatility. Different types of machines have their own unique features, so in order to achieve the maximum efficiency of research, it is necessary to develop test cycles that correspond to the specifics of different types of machines.

ОГЛЯД НАУКОВИХ МЕТОДІВ І ПІДХОДІВ ПРОЕКТНОГО УПРАВЛІННЯ ТА ОЦІНКИ ВАРТОСТІ ПРОЕКТУ

The purpose. To carry out a comparative analysis of modern scientific methods and approaches of project management, as well as to consider the peculiarities of the project cost management process. Methods. The research used methods of systematization, generalization, and comparative analysis. The results. The article considers the peculiarities of the application of common project management technologies, namely the PRINCE2 method, the PMBoK guide and the international standard ISO 21500. Their comparative analysis was carried out according to several parameters, and the advantages and disadvantages of each were determined. Considerable research attention is focused on the project cost management process. Its main purpose and importance for achieving success is revealed. Defined the key opportunities provided by the application of scientific methods and approaches to expenditure management, and also identified the complexities involved in this. It is proposed to consider the process of project cost management as a set of four consecutive stages: planning the involvement of project resources, estimating their cost, drawing up a budget and controlling costs. It is noted that such scientific methods and approaches, the use of which will help to effectively manage costs and achieve project success, should be applied at each stage. More detailed attention was paid to the assessment of the project cost. The article describes such a method as earned volume management, which helps to evaluate the effectiveness of the project, using three key dimensions: planned, earned and actual cost. The approach of estimation of economic efficiency of attracting investment in the project are considered. The practical significance. The obtained research results can be applied in practical activities, which will enable project managers to choose management technology and improve the expenditure management process. The results of the conducted research have signs of scientific novelty, namely, the systematization of scientific methods and project management approaches was further developed, which, unlike the existing ones, was carried out in the context of comparison according to several parameters, which allows determining the advantages and disadvantages of using certain project management technologies; an improved approach to the analysis of the project expenditure management process, which, in contrast to existing, takes into account both the possibilities and difficulties of applying scientific methods and emphasizes the need to consider the current circumstances (uncertainty and complexity of the environment during the wartime events).

Применение риск-ориентированного подхода к управлению процессами метрологической экспертизы

The basics of controlling the processes of metrological examination in an enterprise’s quality management system based on a risk-based approach are considered. Interpreting the risk-based approach in controlling the processes of a quality management system in the context of international standards ISO 9000:2015 is proposed. Scientific publications in the field of risk management of metrological examination processes are analysed, problems associated with integrating a risk-based approach into the practice of managing this activity type are investigated. The authors stress a lack of unity in the scientific community in the views on the choice of a classifying criterion in structuring the risks that arise when managing the processes of metrological examination. A procedure for identifying and structuring the risks of metrological examination based on adopting a variety of processes in an enterprise’s modular-hierarchical quality management system as their classifying criterion is proposed. The risks of metrological expertise and their sources are identified, correlated with the parameters of the considered processes (input, output, resource provision, effectiveness, etc.). The expediency of developing documentation support for the procedure under consideration is substantiated by the example of the proposed risk specification for the process of metrological examination of a technological map. The prospects of applying the procedure for controlling the processes of metrological examination in an enterprise’s quality management system based on a risk-based approach are argued.

Internal Reasons for the Low Efficiency of QMS in many Kazakhstanis Enterprises

The article presents the results of a comprehensive analysis of the information of domestic authors, as well as prominent scientists and experts from far and near abroad in the field of studying the problems of the influence of internal environment factors on the effectiveness of life, self-support and improvement of quality management systems (QMS) and total quality management (TQM) of companies and firms certified according to the criteria of international standards ISO 9000 series. A general global trend of a sharp decrease in customer interest in QMS and TQM certification to ISO requirements in all areas of production and services has been established over the past 10 years, including in the Republic of Kazakhstan. Thus, the number of certified enterprises of all levels according to ISO in the country today compared to the year 2010 has decreased three times. The authors believe that the solution to the problem of improving the efficiency of the QMS and TQM lies in the permanent improvement of the corporate culture of the personnel of the enterprise by the top management based on the transformation of their mentality through the development of the principles of leadership, process approach, job improvement, staff involvement and management of employee relations.

Investigation of Diffusible Hydrogen Concentration in Gas Metal Arc Brazing by Carrier Gas Hot Extraction Method Referring to ISO 3690

Arc brazing is an alternative joining technology well-suited for processing thermally sensitive materials and to produce mixed material connections. Due to the technological similarities of gas metal arc brazing to gas metal arc welding, it can be assumed that the process-related hydrogen input is of similar magnitude for both joining technologies. Since diffusible hydrogen is known to cause embrittlement in metallic materials, it is necessary to know the amount of diffusible hydrogen introduced by different manufacturing processes. Regarding the qualification of welding procedures, hydrogen ingress is an important factor to evaluate the risk of hydrogen-assisted cold cracking, especially when processing high-strength steels. For arc brazing, there is a lack of knowledge about the process-related hydrogen input. Hence, to study the influence of different brazing filler materials and varying levels of heat input on the diffusible hydrogen concentration in arc braze metal, a methodology to determine hydrogen content in arc weld metal in accordance with international standard ISO 3690 based on carrier gas hot extraction was applied to arc brazed specimens. Very low diffusible hydrogen concentrations of about HD = 0.1 to 0.3 mL/100 g were found for GMAB without significant influence of arc energy or filler metal used.

THE PROBLEM OF ASSESSING THE BAKING QUALITY OF WHEAT WITH GENETICALLY DIFFERENT ALLELES OF STORAGE PROTEINS

The article is devoted to the study of the wheat samples of the 3rd classwith the same quality indicators according to DSTU 3768, but had different baking properties. In particular, the “strength” of flour (W) significantly differed. The quantitative and qualitative state of the gluten-protein complex is significant factor for obtaining grain and flour of high baking quality. But only the quality indicators of red winter wheat according to DSTU 3768 - protein content, amount and quality of gluten cannot objectively characterize the baking quality of a specific batch of grain. For the main indications of the Ukrainian standard for wheat, all batches of wheat are practically identical. Foreign buyers do not use our Ukrainian standards, they give precedence to international methods and one of the most integral of them is the “strength” (W). The method demonstrates the main characteristics of the physical properties of wheat dough, which maybe especially important during bread making: elasticity (P), extensibility (L) and alveogram configuration coefficient (P/L). It has been established that the reason is the difference in the genetically determined alleles of the storage proteins of the studied samples. In the last years "filler" and "weak" varieties of wheat of domestic and foreign selection have appeared in Ukraine. In the conditions of replacing traditionally grown varieties of "strong" wheat in Ukraine with new high-yielding varieties of domestic and foreign breeding, it is not enough to determine the parameters recorded in DSTU 3768 to determine the baking quality, it is necessary to introduce new, more objective research methods. It is concluded that for an objective assessment of the baking properties of wheat, international standards ISO 27971, ISO 21415, ISO 5529 should be used.

Surface-Roughness-Induced Plasticity in a Biodegradable Zn Alloy.

Improving plasticity has been an eternal theme of developing metallic materials. It is difficult to increase room-temperature elongation of metallic materials over 100% without sacrificing strength using existing methods. Herein, surface-roughness-induced plasticity (SRIP) is discovered in biodegradable Zn-0.4Mn alloy. Surprisingly, in the good surface range that meets the international standard ISO 6892, reducing surface roughness results in significant increase in plasticity without loss of strength. From unground to 5000# sandpaper ground states, the surface roughness Ra of the alloy decreases from 0.63 to 0.05µm, while its room temperature elongation increases from 74% to 143%. SRIP is the synergistic result of increased microstructure damage tolerance and decreased surface roughness. It provides a new method for improving plasticity.

Atropine and scopolamine occurrence in spices and fennel infusions

Tropane alkaloids (TAs) are toxic anticholinergic compounds that appear due to accidental contamination of foods with TA-producing plants. Atropine and scopolamine are the most common TAs and their maximum levels in certain foodstuffs have been recently regulated, including food supplements. TAs occurrence in commercial products and the transfer ratio to herbal infusions prepared from contaminated spices are of interest for exposure assessment of consumers. In this study, the occurrence of atropine and scopolamine was investigated in a total of 51 commercial spices of 6 types (ginger, cloves, fennel, cumin, aniseed, coriander) and a mix of spices and herbs (curry) purchased in Portugal (19 samples) and Spain (32 samples) in 2021. Results evidenced that more than half of the samples analysed (67%) were contaminated with one or both analytes. Fennel, cloves and coriander showed the highest concentrations ranging between 5-31 μg/kg, 8–28 μg/kg and 5–45 μg/kg, respectively, for the sum of atropine and scopolamine. On the other hand, the transfer ratio of the target analytes found in four naturally contaminated fennel samples was studied. Infusions were prepared according to International Standard ISO 3103 protocol, and a transfer ratio between 64 and 88% for atropine and between 47 and 57% for scopolamine was found.

CORROSIVITY OF THE TROPICAL ATMOSPHERE OF SOUTH VIETNAM

Based on the results of annual corrosion tests at Kon Zo corrosion station, the southern branch of the Tropical Center in Ho Chi Minh City (Vietnam) determined the atmospheric corrosion rates of steel, copper, zinc, and aluminium. The corrosivity of atmosphere of Kon Zo corrosion station assessed in to relation to each metal according to the Methodology of international standard ISO 9223:2012 (Е). Using Dose-Response Functions (DRF) the corrosion rates of these metals for the first year (К1) were calculated with use of meteorological and aerochemical parameters of the atmosphere. A satisfactory correlation between the observed and calculated values for steel, copper and aluminium obtained. This indicates the possibility of using the DRF of international standard for determination the values К1 and corrosivity categories in areas of Vietnam.

Level of Information Need for BIM Models: Australia, New Zealand and ISO 19650

Publishing BIM standards can facilitate the implementation of BIM construction projects. Their compilation, as in the article, allows to improve them, create or specify requirements. The publication of the international standard ISO 19650 for BIM resulted in numerous revisions to national guidelines. In the aspect of the degrees of detailing of BIM model is visible the development of their definition. Initially, they were divided according to the project phases, over time, into industries, and finally within the types of elements and separately for geometric and alphanumeric information, as well as the attached documentation. ISO 19650 uses the term <i>Level of Information Need</i>. Due to the quantity of global standards in various countries, the article focuses on the Oceania area and ISO 19650.

Analysis of International Standard ISO 80601-2-90:2021 for High-flow Respiratory Therapy Equipment

The international standard ISO 80601-2-90:2021 specifies basic safety and essential performance requirements, including risks associated with oxygen, flow accuracy, oxygen concentration accuracy, humidification output performance, and corresponding test methods for high-flow respiratory therapy equipment. This study focuses on the key points in ISO 80601-2-90:2021 and the key problems in the test evaluation. This study also briefly introduces the relationship between ISO 80601-2-90:2021 and other standards, and explains the countermeasures that stakeholders should take.