USE OF TEST CYCLES FOR STUDYING THE OPERATIONAL PROPERTIES OF TRANSPORT CONSTRUCTION MACHINERY

Abstract

The article discusses the main test cycles that can be used to evaluate the operational properties of transport construction machines. In particular, with their help, it is possible to study the environmental safety and fuel efficiency of machines of various purposes, which are used in transport construction. The work presents the methods and procedures by which the operational properties of such machines are investigated. The considered test cycles of engines of agricultural machinery, road construction machines, excavators, ship, industrial and locomotive engines, provided by the international standard ISO 8178. This standard consists of 11 chapters, which describe in detail the test procedure and methods of measuring the content of harmful substances in exhaust gases of various types engines, fuel type requirements and analysis of the obtained results. ISO 8178 contains a series of engine bench test cycles designed for different classes of engines and equipment, each of which is a sequence of steady-state or transient modes with different load factors. In the event that conducting tests on a motor stand is difficult, this standard provides for measurement under operating conditions. In this case, the standard test cycles do not apply and the tests are carried out while the vehicle is operating in its normal operating mode. Emissions are measured using the Portable emissions measurement system (PEMS). Test cycles are one of the effective tools for evaluating the fuel economy and environmental performance of transport construction machines. They allow you to get a lot of useful information about various aspects of the machines, such as fuel consumption, emissions of harmful substances, noise level, engine efficiency, etc. One of the disadvantages of using test cycles is their limited versatility. Different types of machines have their own unique features, so in order to achieve the maximum efficiency of research, it is necessary to develop test cycles that correspond to the specifics of different types of machines.