Process Of International Integration Research Articles

On the role of transnational corporations in modern integration and globalization processes

The subject of the author's research is the development of transnational corporations (TNCs) as an organic component of modern international economic integration and globalization processes. The concept and features of TNCs are characterized. A brief historical overview of the formation and development of corporate transnationalism is proposed. Statistics on the largest TNCs are presented and analyzed. On the one hand, positive aspects of the impact of TNCs on the development of the world economy and its national components were identified, and on the other hand, the negative consequences of the expansion of these corporations for both host countries and home countries of TNCs. The relationship between TNCs and sovereign States is considered in many aspects. Thus, based on the analysis of the instruments of influence of the companies under consideration on the normative activities of the States, a shift from the interstate to the corporate legal field was recorded. One of the subjects of the article is mega regional trade agreements of a new type as a factor of increasing the contradictory impact of TNCs on the development of the world economy and its national components.

ARCHAEOLOGICAL INVESTIGATIONS OF THE SETTLEMENT AND FORTRESS TIAGIN: SOME RESULTS AND PROBLEMS

The article is devoted to the results of the archaeological investigations of the south part of the Lithuanian-Russ frontiers with the Golden Horde possessions. The place of excavation the fortress Tiagin and settlement of the city type nearby it. The fortress was built by prince Vitovt at the end of XIV — at the beginning of XVth century.Besides of fortification there was a very important custom, known from written records. The first works on this monument were provided in 1914 y, by V. I. Goskevich. Then, some archeologists have been working there, but such monument needed in the special attention and long time excavation. In the course of our investigation in the season of 2016—2018 the very interesting results were obtained. For the first time the artifacts of Lithuanian material culture were found. There were bracelet, and decorative details for leather bags. Besides of it, silver, bronze and copper coins of the end of the XIV — of the first quarter of the XVth century were found also. The most of them were Tatar’s coins, and one — Polish. It support the important place of international trade and integration process in the culture of this period from North to south of Europe.

FACTORS AFFECTING THE EFFECTIVITY OF PROMULGATION AND IMPLEMENTATION STATE MANAGEMENT DECISIONS

State management reform is a regular and long-term activity for each country to improve the efficiency and competitiveness of the economy in order to adapt to the process of international economic integration. Vietnam as is an economy in the transition process, Vietnam is building actively an effective state management system. Making decisions in the state management on economy is one of the most effective tools to manage the economy. The paper explores the factors affecting the effectiveness of promulgation and implementation of decisions in state management on economy in the context of Vietnam's transition economy. The paper builds a research model and surveys with 128 officials in state management agencies on economy and some experts. The research results identify the basic factors affecting the effectivity of promulgation and implemention decisions on economic management, propose some solutions to improve the effectivity of these decisions.

Methodology for assessing and improving the competitiveness of enterprises in the real sector of the economy

High rates of the development of market relations and international integration processes imply an increase in the level of competition in leading sectors of the economy, which include energy, construction, industry enterprises and others. The purpose of this paper is to develop a universal methodology for assessing and improving the competitiveness of enterprises in the real sector of the economy. The paper analyzes the structure of cost for quality of products, examines the life cycle of the object in order to determine the approaches to the development and implementation of quality management systems. Using various methods of research, recommendations on the formation and implementation of quality management systems in enterprises of the real sector of the economy were developed in order to increase their competitiveness.

SUSTAINABILITY OF DEVELOPMENT OF MERCHANT SHIPPING OF UKRAINE IN TERMS OF DIVERSIFICATION OF MARITIME TRADE MARKET

Topicality. Shipping is a global industry, and its prospects are closely linked to the level of economic activity in the world. A higher level of economic growth usually leads to higher output of industrial goods, which in turn stimulates imports and exports. In the conditions of globalization of economic relations, the complicated dynamics of the potential and results of the maritime trade market is formed. In this case, quantitative, qualitative and structural changes both in the industrial infrastructure as a whole, and within the separate subsystems are allocated. The dynamism of this process is becoming the most important factor in the development of maritime transport potential. Therefore, the article deals with the fundamental features of the required response to the set of changes in the global shipping industry.Aim and tasks. The purpose of the article is to clarify the basic laws that determine the competitive directions of the development of commercial shipping in Ukraine in the context of the globalization of international relations, as well as to determine the prospects for the development of the maritime transport subsystem of Ukraine. It is important to identify rigid tendencies and new patterns of balanced and integrated development of the world transport industry and its regional, national and specialized subsystems.Research results. Strengthening and intensification of international integration processes puts a number of issues and problems before the Ukrainian economy. The presented article summarizes and substantiates the actual and important problem of the development of Ukraine's merchant fleet in the conditions of globalization of international relations, proposes a strategy for the formation of production potential for the competitive positioning of the marine transport complex of Ukraine, as well as scientific and practical recommendations for their implementation in the modern conditions of the country's economy.Conclusions. The modern structure of the world market of maritime transport services can be represented as a dynamically developed network of local markets, which intersect and / or do not overlap, whose boundaries form one or another segment of the market. Increasing the role of maritime enterprises in the system of maintaining the efficiency of the international division of labor leads to the emphasis on the national subsystems on the priority development of the fleet and ports. Solving the two-fold task - meeting the needs of the national economy and expanding the export of transport services forms, in the conditions of the availability of investment resources, the direction of development of enterprises of maritime transport. At the same time, the functions of the merchant fleet and ports are expanding and strategies for maintaining competitiveness within the active part of the company's life cycle are implemented, taking into account the uneven economic growth.

ІНТЕГРАЦІЯ УКРАЇНИ ДО ЄВРОПЕЙСЬКОГО СОЮЗУ: ПЕРЕВАГИ ТА НЕДОЛІКИ

The article considers the main advantages and disadvantages of the process of European integration of Ukraine. It is proved that today there is a very significant influence of international integration processes in the functioning of not only regional and international systems and establishment of a new international order, but some communities and countries, their domestic policies on daily life. The main objectives of economic integration are highlighted. They includ: the harmonious development of economic institutions; stable and balanced economic interpenetration; raise living standards; high levels of employment; economic and monetary stability. Factors and circumstances that affect the development and improving the processes of European integration and the main factors of Ukraine's entry into the world community are analyzed. An assessment of a number of problems related to the consequences of European integration namely economic, political and social was made.

PECULIARITIES OF NATIONAL ENERGY MARKETS REGULATION IN THE CONDITIONS OF THE DEVELOPMENT OF INTERNATIONAL INTEGRATION PROCESSES

The study aims to analyze the processes of international integration of energy markets, systematize the measures for regulatory activities in modern geopolitical conditions. The study was carried out in the course of fulfilling the state task of the Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation No 26.3546.2017 / PCh “Development of the Fundamentals of Analysing and Forecasting Structural and Dynamic Parameters of the Regional Economy on the Basis of Integration of Russian and World Experience of Managing Territorial Development and Modern Scientific Doctrines”. Goal and Objectives. To assess the state of the energy markets and the direction of integration processes in the energy markets, to systematize the legal foundations of energy integration in the Eurasian space, to formulate the main stages and approaches to the formation of a common gas market, to consider Armenia's experience and prospects in integration processes. Methodology. The methods of statistical, logical and system analysis are used in the work to estimate the consequences of energy integration for the EEA countries. Based on the analysis of the empirical data on the energy balances of the countries and the forecast gas balance of the Eurasian Economic Union, the directions for improving energy security are substantiated. Results.The modern world is becoming increasingly globalized and interdependent. This, along with the aggravation of political and economic rivalry associated with the gradual ‘erosion’ of the model of a unipolar world order, creates new risks for the sustainable socio-economic development of individual countries. International economic integration which allows to join the economic potentials of individual countries and, on this basis, increase their protection against risks and threats in various spheres is an instrument of neutralizing these risks. The article considers the mechanisms of mutual influence of integration processes and ensuring national energy security with the main emphasis on the formation and development of the gas market of integration groups. The article analyzes the experience of the EU and the EEU in creating uniform rules for the regulation of energy and gas markets, identifies typical problems and ways to resolve them. Measures that contribute to increasing the speed and intensity of integration processes, based on taking into account national economic interests are proposed. Conclusions. At present, effective provision of energy security for states can not be carried out outside the framework of integration processes. Cooperation within the framework of supranational integration projects form additional conditions for the development of national energy systems and increase the level of its competitiveness. At the same time, ‘gains’ from energy integration for different countries are not equivalent.

Formation of knowledge about international economic relations in school geography

Formulation of the problem. International economic relations (IER) is an important link in the process of interaction between states and regions of the modern world. The IER reflect the level of country development, the degree of their internationalization, is an integral part of the world’s improvement. Therefore, the study of IER at school is becoming increasingly necessary. One of the disadvantages of geography training programmes is the lack of a unified system for studying the IER. Acquaintance with them is transferred to the final course of geography. The purpose of the article is to present an improved system of knowledge about international economic relations and methods of their study in school geography. The main part. The article considers the component study of IER relations in existing curricula in geography; the peculiarities of the formation of knowledge about IER in different grades; the proposed system of knowledge about IER in the school geography; described methods of studying IER in geography lessons at school, taking into account the pupils’ age. Among the proposed methods is the use of electronic learning tools for better assimilation of the topic. The system of IER concepts formation at school is improved. In the 6th grade, we propose to begin to form the concept of international tourism. In the 7th grade, the concept of the main IER forms: trade, tourism, financial relations, scientific and technical cooperation should be formed. In the 8th grade we offer to form the concept of international labour movement and international integration processes. In the 9th grade, the concept of international currency relations is formed and knowledge of all forms of IER is systematized. Conclusions. Analysis of existing programs on geography shows the lack of knowledge about IER, the concept of which is presented only in 9-th grade. It is insufficient for a modern citizen’s preparation. There is an urgent need to expand the IER concepts in school geography. It is proposed to use a variety of methods to form the concepts of IER in 6-9 grades, especially discussions, work with interactive maps, on-line testing, and so on. Active and independent learning is gradually increasing from 6 th to 9-th grade. In the future, it is expected to test the effectiveness of the proposed method in the course of pedagogical experiment in geography lessons at school.

The role of education in the culture of four pillar poverty to establish the nationalism of young generation

Globalization as an international integration process brings several positive and negative impacts due to the exchange of world views, products, thoughts, and other cultural aspects that can diminish the values of national identity. Four pillars of nationality are needed as a foundation to counteract the negative effects of globalization, therefore a culturally, educative, legal and structural approach is needed so that the younger generation can truly understand and safeguard the four pillars of our nationality. So far the government has also played little role in building the four pillars into an education. This research intends to see how the role of education can build young generation of nationalism by using research design in the form of content analysis. The population in this study is the Education Office of Sidoarjo Regency, which is the level of Junior High School Education Unit. However, given the scope and breadth of the district of Sidoarjo, a representative sample is determined using FGD (Focus Group Discussion) data collection techniques and questionnaires that will be analyzed using written policy descriptions or unwritten policies. Through a series of research stages, it can be concluded that there are still many principals who have not integrated the culture of the four pillars of nationalism into a written and unwritten document covering intracurricular, extracurricular, school culture and through community participation.

Aproximación al Pensamiento Político de Danilo Zolo

El pensamiento político de Danilo Zolo está configurado, inicialmente, por una completa crítica-analítica en clave realista de los procesos de globalización, donde se estudian a fondo las principales perspectivas y los matices más relevantes de las teorías cosmopolitas surgidas en los últimos dos siglos, y los intentos que, de facto, se han dado por parte de las principales potencias mundiales después de Westfalia, en busca del establecimiento de una paz global realizada y efectiva. Y, por otra parte, los riesgos e implicaciones de un proyecto de gobierno mundial que puja por salir del papel cada vez con mayor fuerza, o al menos es ésta la creencia dada; por un lado, la constatación de una anarquía estatal latente en el mundo actual y, por otro, la constante pugna, por parte de un buen puñado de los principales politólogos y estudiosos de la política actual, por el desmantelamiento del sistema de los Estados nacionales. Este artículo tiene por objeto hacer un registro de tales premisas a través de las cuales resulta posible y necesario leer una percepción crítica de los procesos actuales de integración internacional o ruptura.

Population growth, accessibility spillovers and persistent borders: Historical growth in West-European municipalities

Lack of cross-border transport supply has repeatedly been blamed for the fact that national borders limit spatial interaction and, consequently, the growth of border regions. This study applies an accessibility approach to investigate for most municipalities in ten countries in mainland West Europe if foreign transport supply is lagging behind, and if population growth in these municipalities has been affected by the limits that national borders have imposed on market access. To do so, data describing historical population changes and road networks between 1961 and 2011 have been used. The results show that in the study area, cross-border transport accessibility was not at a disadvantage in 1961 and has since then grown even more than domestic accessibility. However, municipal population growth has depended almost exclusively on domestic market access. Processes of economic international integration in the study area are found to coincide with the growth of cross-border accessibility, but do not have a clear coincidence with the effects of cross-border accessibility on population growth.

Multilingual Education in the World and the Experience of Introduction in Kazakhstan

The need for reflection and in-depth study of issues related to the multilingual policy, where the knowledge of the native language simultaneously stimulates knowledge and learning of other languages is obvious in the context of the dynamic changes taking place in Kazakhstan. Existing world models of multilingual education represent a wide range of forms, productive use of which depends on many factors (language situation, economic and social conditions, historical and cultural aspects and so on). There is no doubt that multilingual education programs conditioned by the logic of development of Kazakhstan and the process of international integration are in demand in the Kazakhstan's educational system. This is due to high academic motivation of students and practitioners conditioned by the desire to improve professional competence and competitiveness in the conditions of Kazakhstan's international integration. However, it should be noted that despite the measures taken for the implementation of multilingual education and the first positive results of the pilot models many issues related to the widespread introduction of multilingual education system in the country have not yet been resolved. The analysis of the languages functioning in Kazakhstan revealed the prerequisites for the formation of multilingual person. We defined language preferences of citizens, their value priorities, related to ongoing multilingual policy, the influence of non-native (studied) languages to their native languages by using sociolinguistic methods. All these measures have allowed seeing the prospects of strengthening and development of the state, Russian and English languages, effectiveness of the language policy and possible steps to resolve these problems. Keywords: Language policy; identity; Language situation; Language modernisation; Multilingual education; Multilingualism, Trinity of languages

Либерализация внешней торговли Японии в рамках программ абэномики

In XXI century in Asian-Pacific region processes of integration were activated which influenced the international trade strategy of Japan. The strategy includes Japan’s intensive involving into international integration processes, specifically in Asian-Pacific region , signing free trade agreements. Therefore, Japan develops economic partnership with the countries of Asian-Pacific region which are not typical in terms of traditional historic partnerships, for instance with ASEAN members - Laos, Cambodia, Myanmar and Vietnam. Moreover, Japan strengthens ties with India and Australia as one of the biggest economies in the region by signing EPAs. Another significant step in regional trade liberalization was signing Trans-Pacific Partner future of TPP is blurred due to uncertainty after president’s elections in the USA. In Latin America Japan revitalizes its partnerships with such vast economies as Brazil, Chili, Peru. In terms of foreign economic strategy Japan is interested in providing its energy security consequently Russia gains a role of a trade partner and attracts Japanese investments primarily in energy projects in Russian Far East. Despite good results within launching and signing trade agreements the overall result doesn’t influence effectively Japan’ s presence in different markets and still in some regions cannot compete with Chinese and Korean companies firstly due to stagnation of national economy since the financial crisis in 90ies XX century and nuclear disaster in Fukishima-1.

The Silk Road: Integration and Self-Structuring of Transregional Spaces

In international relations integration processes and mechanisms are closely related to multilateral order of interactions among actors. Observations over integration activity of non-regional actors in former Soviet area reveals the battle of geopolitical interests being held during already several centuries. The author believes that EU and US integration activities in Eurasia as well as activities of multilateral institutions under their control are run in quite competitive conditions seen through not only the quantity and volume of investments but also via autonomous ways of their implementation.

An innovative approach study “Health students example”

Globalization; A process of international integration arising from the exchange of products, ideas, cultures and worldviews. Globalization is an economic as well as political, technological and cultural process. As in other areas, technological developments have brought innovations into the training of health care workers, as well as access to information and the use of this information. These developments necessitated new orientations in the education systems of health students. In this study, the effects of computer assisted instructions involving the topics of medical and vocational terminology course on the attitudes and academic achievement levels of students’ use of medical and vocational terms were investigated. Marmara University Health Services Vocational School Medical Imaging students constitute the sample of the research. In the experimental group, medical and vocational terminology topics were processed and tested by computer aided instruction method for 12 weeks.

EVALUATION OF THE LEVEL OF SOCIAL AND ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT IN UKRAINE IN GLOBALIZATION CONDITIONS

The article presents the results of the assessment of the dynamics of the level of social and economic development of Ukraine in the conditions of globalization. It is substantiated that in the conditions of globalization, acceleration of international integration processes and strengthening interdependence of countries, the use of ratings as analytical tools in determining the comparative advantages of countries becomes increasingly relevant. It has been determined that, on the one hand, ratings are an important factor in shaping the image of Ukraine in the world, and with other important indicators for strategic investors and international partners. It has been established that the economic dimensions of the country's development remain its important components, but social trends are attracting the attention of researchers and are one of the criteria for assessing the effectiveness of state policy and its institutions. The monitoring of Ukraine's positions in the world’s major ratings has been monitored. The indices characterizing socio-economic development and competitiveness of Ukraine in comparison with other countries are analyzed in accordance with the estimations of the leading international institutions over the last five years. Identified the strengths and weaknesses of social and economic development, it has been established that the timeliness of identifying weak indicators, negative tendencies and problems gives a chance of social and economic improvement already in the short term. It is substantiated that the direction of possible changes is to reduce the distance of Ukraine from the indicators of the most developed countries. The obtained data on the dynamics of changes in the level of social and economic development may contribute to further scientific research for making informed decisions in order to identify the main problems of the success of Ukraine's state policy and its consistency.

Economic links between Russia and China: from cross-border to interregional cooperation (the case of Sverdlovsk region and Heilongjiang province)

The article considers major trends in the cooperation between Russia and China on the regional level. China is one of Russia’s main trade partners, which makes it particularly important to enhance the efficiency of this relationship on the national as well as on the regional level. Considering the dynamics of international integration processes, the authors analyze how the role of cross-border and interregional cooperation is changing over time, paying special attention to those regions that are remote from each other. The article focuses on the case of Sverdlovsk region and Heilongjiang province. The available data demonstrate the diversity of the existing trade and other relations between these industrial regions and enable the authors to characterize the institutional framework for this cooperation, its key priorities and problems. A general overview of the current and prospective joint projects is also provided. The authors compare economic specialization, systems of settlement, the level of urbanization of Sverdlovsk region and Heilongjiang province and draw a conclusion that the economies of these regions are complementary. The article also points out that it is essential to consider the long-term effects of Eurasian integration projects and to assess the positive and negative impacts of the Belt and Road Initiative on Sverdlovsk region in order to identify priorities for the region’s foreign policy.

ASEAN Plus Three Stock Markets Integration

This paper examines the role played by local and international factors in the international integration process to stock markets worldwide. Using a sample of ASEAN + 3 (Association of South East Asian Nations + China, Korea and Japan) during the period between 2000 and 2014, we identify the main factors that might influence regional integration of stock markets. We propose an advantageous econometric approach based on a conditional version of the Dynamic International Capital Asset Pricing Model (ICAPM) to explore major sources of time-varying risks. We specifically apply the multivariate BEKK-GARCH process of Cappiello et al. (Journal of Financial Econometrics 25:537–572, 2006) to simultaneously estimate the ICAPM for each country. The study puts in evidence that regional trade openness, regional and world industrial production, dividend yields and commodity prices are among the key determinants of regional integration in the ASEAN + 3 context whatever is the measure of exchange rate risk.

Dynamics of Agrarian Systems and Land Use Change in North Vietnam

AbstractDuring the period of socio‐economic transformation initiated in the late 1980s by the political reform (Doi Moi) in Vietnam, the agrarian systems evolved considerably. In the region around the capital, where the process of industrialization, urbanization, and international integration has been accelerating, a number of questions about the sustainability of those agrarian systems have been raised. By diagnosing and analysing the dynamics of the agricultural systems in Vietnam from 1980 to 2010, this study aims to provide decision‐makers with some sectorial and territorial policy options that are able to authorize the sustainable development of agriculture and rural society in the new socio‐economic context. By applying a systematic approach, including the historical and adaptive approaches, this study shows how well farmers in the Hai Duong province have adapted to socio‐economic and institutional changes, notably by transforming part of their paddy farms into other agricultural land use purposes, such as fish ponds, animal buildings, vegetable fields, and fruit orchards. These rapid changes, however, do not move in a direction that improves the sustainability of agrarian systems. The results revealed that farm holders are now facing many technical and economic contradictions, whereas issues that arise from the land no longer are only related to agricultural purposes. Competition for different functions of land use are now emerging, along with the fragmentation of plots, an imperfect land market, and rising property values ​​are all emerging. The prospect of the sustainability of agricultural systems was also analysed under different scenarios, highlighting the complexity of policy options. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

Global Character of International Labour Migration: Challenges and Objectives for Higher Education in World Context

AbstractThe article deals with analysis of challenges and objectives for higher education in the context of globalization: the forming of international labour market proves the fact that the process of international integration is affecting economy and technology as well as social and labour relations that are becoming more and more global. The peculiarities of structure (gradation, succession, multivectorability, continuity), content (narrow profile, sustainable development, competency-based orientation, specialization, curriculum flexibility, combination of core and optional subjects, possibility to choose courses and modules of different levels), forms (designing and modeling in small groups, workshops, practical intensive and extended learning, role playing, lectures, online sessions, problem-oriented excursions, seminars, internships and extended pedagogical placements) in training of specialists at universities in European countries have been established. According to the project “Implementation and Influence of Curriculum Reforms in Higher Education in Europe” a competency-based approach is given much significance on the institutional level. Urgent objectives for higher education in Ukraine in the context of the return of emigrants to their home country, highly qualified specialists, in particular, is fast effective reforming of education based on practical orientation; appreciation of social phenomena in the context of their cultural values and the dynamics of society; global character of curricula (ethnocentrism, multiculturalism, interdisciplinarity, universality, innovativeness of international comparison and large potential for fulfilling needs in developing skills).