Internal Tension Research Articles

Improvement of public management mechanisms in the direction of countering hybrid threats to national security

The article represents an attempt of conceptual comprehension of the phenomenon of hybrid threats, which, although inextricably linked with hybrid warfare, still may not include armed conflict even with participation of only irregular combatants. Rather, hybrid threats are aimed at undermining adversary’ infrastructure or gaining much control over it, and sow internal societal tension. Geopolitical components, drivers and factors of hybrid threats are analyzed. Based on analysis of literature sources and practical cases, it is concluded that anticipatory approach is the only way of effective combatting hybrid threats, but implementation of this approach could be backed by a collective change in mentality and a stronger national narrative, while the initiative should be suggested by public administration. There is a need for fresh thinking while expanding the traditional enemy-centric threat assessment and response.

Quantile via Moments Panel Data Analysis: Dissecting Political Regimes and the Spectrum of Internal Conflicts

AbstractThis study investigates whether the political regime affects internal conflicts and specific types (e.g., civil war, political violence, and civil disorder). The study reveals that even incremental movements toward democracy are associated with reduced internal conflict, challenging some elements of the inverted U hypothesis. Moreover, factors such as government stability are better indicators of smaller-scale forms of internal conflict than the political regime type. Finally, scenarios of acute internal conflict, cultural tension, and government instability serve as more reliable indicators, implying that these elements eclipse the stabilizing influence of a regime's progression toward a more inclusive government.

A geometric-tension-dynamics model of epithelial convergent extension

Convergent extension of epithelial tissue is a key motif of animal morphogenesis. On a coarse scale, cell motion resembles laminar fluid flow; yet in contrast to a fluid, epithelial cells adhere to each other and maintain the tissue layer under actively generated internal tension. To resolve this apparent paradox, we formulate a model in which tissue flow in the tension-dominated regime occurs through adiabatic remodeling of force balance in the network of adherens junctions. We propose that the slow dynamics within the manifold of force-balanced configurations is driven by positive feedback on myosin-generated cytoskeletal tension. Shifting force balance within a tension network causes active cell rearrangements (T1 transitions) resulting in net tissue deformation oriented by initial tension anisotropy. Strikingly, we find that the total extent of tissue deformation depends on the initial cellular packing order. T1s degrade this order so that tissue flow is self-limiting. We explain these findings by showing that coordination of T1s depends on coherence in local tension configurations, quantified by a geometric order parameter in tension space. Our model reproduces the salient tissue- and cell-scale features of germ band elongation during Drosophila gastrulation, in particular the slowdown of tissue flow after approximately twofold elongation concomitant with a loss of order in tension configurations. This suggests local cell geometry contains morphogenetic information and yields experimentally testable predictions. Defining biologically controlled active tension dynamics on the manifold of force-balanced states may provide a general approach to the description of morphogenetic flow.

In between the writerly and the readerly: Utopia and metafiction in Abe Kazushige’s Individual Projection

Elaborating on Barthes’ famous distinction, this article examines the relationship between the writerly and the readerly in Abe Kazushige’s novel Individual Projection (Indivijuaru purojekushon). The ‘writerly’ (scriptible) designates an open-ended, playful narrative, giving free rein to the interpretation of the reader who thus becomes a co-writer of the text. The readerly (lisible), by contrast, implies authority and redundancy: it imposes a meaning or message, thus turning the reader into a consumer rather than producer of the text. I argue that Abe’s novel is built upon an internal tension between the openness of the writerly and the more assertive and ethical message of the readerly. The first two parts of this essay focus on the writerly side of the text. Individual Projection could be first described as a parody (1. Political Utopia and Genre fiction as Parody in Individual Projection): through its unreliable narrator, the novel toys with stereotypes associated with political utopia and genre fiction. Such distancing with clichés destabilises the text and opens a free space of interpretation for the reader (2. Metafiction as Writerly Text: When the Reader Writes). Yet, the novel ends with a final metatextual reversal which reshapes our understanding of the story and redefines the reader’s own relationship to the text (3. Metafiction: Revenge of the Author?). This end illustrates the paradoxical nature of metafiction in its relationship to the reader: its apparent semantic openness can also be a means to assert the author’s authority over the text to convey a theoretical or philosophical message. Here, my own understanding of Individual Projection challenges Azuma Hiroki’s interpretation of Abe’s novel. Azuma saw in the openness of Individual Projection another illustration of his own theory both describing and advocating a free consumption of fiction, relying much more on the logic of recycling and recombination than on the linear path of the plot. If Azuma’s interpretation sheds interesting light on the agency devoted to the reader in Individual Projection, it yet fails to apprehend the potentially critical message of the text: Abe’s novel also suggests a pessimistic view of contemporary’s hyperreality which seems quite antithetical to Azuma’s own eulogy of postmodernity.

Extended education and well-being of children: A case study of Iceland

This article explores the emergent trend of global educational policy which focuses on educational values such as well-being and holistic skills. It makes connections between the emergent trend of “education-as-flourishing” and current developments of extended education, using a specific case for illustration, i.e. school-age educare in Iceland. The author argues that there is an internal tension in the current educational global policy which emphasizes holistic skills and well-being in education but eventually produces a policy framework that overlooks the educational pathways of learners through extended education spaces. The case study shows that the manifold learning outcomes of extended education are largely overlooked in policy and practice. There are external and internal challenges at play that feed this tension, specifically a lack of agency of stakeholders and a supportive social structure. A new Act on Well-being of Children in Iceland encourages municipalities and professionals to align resources from diverse sectors, such as education, health, and social services. This study indicates a primary need for policy makers to work strategically with educators from all sectors to develop innovate educational practices within and outside of school to support the education and well-being of children and youth.

Мотивационные корреляты жизнестойкости и виртуальной идентичности молодых геймеров

The research is relevant due to the necessity to explore how gaming motivational mechanisms reduce internal tension and shape gamers’ identity in massively multiplayer online role-playing games (MMORPG). The aim of the research is to investigate the role of gaming motivation shaping virtual identity and hardiness of young gamers. Hypothesis: gaming motivation correlates with reduced internal tension and influences the formation of gamers’ virtual identity in cyber space. Participants: N = 120 aged 18–25 years (n male = 72; n female = 48; M = 20.4; SD = 2.5) living in the central region of the Russian Federation. Methods (tools): The Gaming Motivation Scale (Nick Yee adapted by N. V. Bogacheva, V. E. Epishina, A. V. Milyanskaya) was used to assess game motivation for playing massively multiplayer online role-playing games (MMORPG); an abridged version of the Hardiness Test (S. Maddi adapted by E. N. Osin, E. I. Rasskazova) was used to assess resilience; the Virtual Identity Status Inventory (VISI) (M. V. Klementyeva) was used to assess the status of virtual identities; the Game Experience Questionnaire (W. A. Ijsselsteijn, Y. A. W. de Kort, and K. Poels adapted by M. V. Klementyeva, M. V. Kurguzov) was used to assess players’ competence. Results: the research demonstrated significant differences in the manifestation of gamers’ “hardines”: higher values were recorded during gameplay. We found strong links between gaming motives, hardines, gaming skills and virtual identity. Despite their seamless gaming motivation and perfect gaming competence, gamers experience internal tension, helplessness in real life and strive to escape reality while forming a virtual identity based on the images of their gaming avatars. Main conclusions: in an online game, young gamers are able to cope more effectively with internal stress, compared with the real environment; they are able to maintain identity, and successfully implement gaming motives. Practical application: the research results can be used to develop techniques aimed at strengthening hardines and supporting identity formation in young gamers.

Rupture of the internal jugular vein and tension pneumothorax in a penetrating neck-lung injury due to iron splinters: a case report

Background: Penetrating neck injuries are relatively rare but pose significant challenges due to the concentration of vital structures in this area. This case report presents a unique in-stance of a 20-year-old male with a penetrating neck injury caused by iron splinters, resulting in the rupture of the internal jugular vein and tension pneumothorax.Case Presentation: The patient, a 20-year-old male, presented with restlessness, chest pain, rapid breathing, and a penetrating wound on the left side of the neck. Initial management included needle decompression for tension pneumothorax and radiological assessments to localize the foreign body. C-arm revealed that the foreign body had penetrated the upper left thoracic region and lung parenchyma. The surgical intervention involved repairing the internal jugular vein and performing pulmonary resection to remove the iron splinters.Conclusions: This case highlights the importance of a multidisciplinary approach in managing complex penetrating neck injuries. Advanced imaging techniques and timely surgical interventions are crucial for optimizing patient outcomes. Future research should focus on refining diagnostic protocols and exploring minimally invasive surgical techniques to improve the management of such injuries.

Internal tension or external pressure? Study on the influencing factors of the diffusion of education policies for older adults in China – Based on the analysis of China’s provincial panel data from 2016 to 2023

ABSTRACT The development of education for older adults through policy measures has become an important means for governments to actively cope with population aging. Taking the number of education policies for older adults adopted in 31 provinces of China from 2016 to 2023 as an example, this study empirically analyzes the factors influencing the diffusion of education policies from dimensions of internal tension and external pressure. The results showed that the level of economic development, natural population growth rate, older adults dependency ratio, child dependency ratio, illiterate population over 15 years old, number of local libraries inside the province and the adoption of education policies for older adults in adjacent provinces significantly affected the adoption of education policies for older adults in each province. After the introduction of regional variables, it is found that there are significant differences in the adoption of education policies for older adults by provincial governments in different regions of China. The policy responsiveness of eastern provinces is the best, followed by the central, and the western is the worst. The above results indicate that provincial governments in China are not only affected by the supply level of education services for older adults and their service demand within the province, but also affected by the adoption behavior of other provinces when making decisions, which is the result of rational thinking and competitive pressure. The above results provide China’s experience for the diffusion and implementation of education policies for older adults in a wider range.

Theoretical and FEA investigation of the mechanical behaviour for offshore LCO2 floating hose

Injecting liquid CO2 (LCO2) into the seabed for storage utilizing an offshore platform to achieve offshore storage of CO2 is one of the effective measures to realize the reduction of CO2 emissions. To solve the difference in motion characteristics between the LCO2 carrier and the receiving platform due to wind and wave currents, floating hoses can be employed as the pipeline in the CO2 transportation. In this study, an LCO2 floating hose based on the structural form of steel wire reinforced thermoplastic composite pipe is proposed. A mechanical model for this hose is developed to analyze the tensile mechanical properties. It is verified that the method is reliable by comparing with the published experimental results of composite hose containing 4 layers of aramid fiber reinforced layers with a maximum error of 11.48%. A comparative analysis was also carried out by finite element analysis (FEA) with a maximum error of 10.67%. On this basis, the damage states of the hose under internal pressure, tension, bending and torsion load were investigated to analyze mechanical properties. The ultimate tensile load capacity, ultimate bending radius and ultimate unit torsion angle are 463 kN, 1.64m and 14°/m, respectively. The components most prone to failure under different loads were clarified. This study can provide technical reference for the design of floating hoses for offshore LCO2 storage and transportation.

Isolation of Umbilical Cord-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells with High Yields and Low Damage.

Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are a population of multipotent cells with remarkable regenerative and immunomodulatory properties. Wharton's jelly (WJ) from the umbilical cord (UC) has gained increasing interest in the biomedical field as an outstanding source of MSCs. However, challenges such as limited supply and lack of standardization in existing methods have arisen. This article presents a novel method for enhancing MSC yield by dissecting intact WJ from the umbilical cord. The method employs blunt dissection to remove the epithelial layer, maintaining the integrity of the entire WJ and resulting in an increased quantity and viability of harvested MSCs. This approach significantly reduces WJ waste compared to conventional sharp dissection methods. To ensure the purity of WJ-MSCs and minimize external cellular influence, a procedure utilizing internal tension to peel off the endothelium after flipping the UC was conducted. Additionally, the Petri dish was inverted for a short time during explant culture to improve attachment and cell outgrowth. Comparative analysis demonstrated the superiority of the proposed method, showing a higher yield of WJ and WJ-MSCs with better viability than traditional methods. The similar morphology and expression pattern of cell surface markers in both methods confirm their characterization and purity for various applications. This method provides a high-yield and high-viability approach for WJ-MSC isolation, demonstrating great potential for the clinical application of MSCs.

The Reagan Doctrine or “Sandinista Chic”? Political Balance in the Committee to Protect Journalists’ 1982 Mission to Central America

ABSTRACT The Committee to Protect Journalists is a world-renowned press freedom organization that advocates on behalf of journalists being persecuted for doing their work. Launched in 1981, CPJ was originally imagined as a group of US journalists who would speak out on behalf of beleaguered colleagues working under both right-wing and left-wing dictatorships. CPJ was a product of the late Cold War, and its members found it particularly challenging to navigate US foreign policy—especially when advocating for journalists in Central America. This article tells the story of CPJ’s first international mission to El Salvador, Guatemala, and Nicaragua, showing that the mission was riddled with internal tension. Such tension centered on the question of how to gain credibility with both conservative and liberal lawmakers in Washington. CPJ members each believed that they could and should gain this credibility by striking a political balance among the delegates themselves, as well as in the official statement that followed the mission. Yet, the political differences among the people who went on the mission ultimately led to bitter disagreements about how to represent journalists’ persecution in that region of the world.

Cosmological constraints from the eBOSS Lyman-α forest using the PRIYA simulations

We present new cosmological parameter constraints from the eBOSS Lyman-α forest survey. We use a new theoretical model and likelihood based on the PRIYA simulation suite. PRIYA is the first suite to resolve the Lyman-α forest in a (120 Mpc/h)3 volume, using a multi-fidelity emulation technique. We use PRIYA to predict Lyman-α forest observables with ≲ 1% interpolation error over an 11 dimensional (9 simulated, 2 in post-processing) parameter space. We identify an internal tension within the flux power spectrum data. Once the discrepant data is removed, we find the primeval scalar spectral index measured at a pivot scale of k 0 = 0.78 Mpc-1 to be nP = 1.009+0.027 -0.018 at 68% confidence. This measurement from the Lyman-α forest flux power spectrum alone is in reasonable agreement with Planck, and in tension with earlier eBOSS analyses. The amplitude of matter fluctuations is σ 8 = 0.733+0.026 -0.029 at 68% confidence, in agreement with Dark Energy Survey weak lensing measurements and other small-scale structure probes and in tension with CMB measurements from Planck and ACT. The effective optical depth to Lyman-α photons from our pipeline is in good agreement with earlier high resolution measurements. We find a linear power at z = 3 and k = 0.009 s/km of Δ2 L = 0.302+0.024 -0.027 with a slope n eff = -2.264+0.026 -0.018. Our flux power spectrum only chains prefer a low level of heating during helium reionization. When we add IGM temperature data we find nP = 0.983 ± 0.020 and σ 8 = 0.703+0.023 -0.027. Our chains prefer an early and long helium reionization event, as suggested by measurements from the helium Lyman-α forest. In the near future we will use our pipeline to infer cosmological parameters from the DESI Lyman-α data.

Health and school difficulties of children in foster care in the experience of their foster parents

The period of compulsory school attendance is a mentally very challenging period for children in foster care, which can be impacted by complex developmental trauma stemming from the child's experience in foster care with cumulative and chronic traumatic events in his/her biological family. These events have taken place over a long period of time in interpersonal relationships usually related to caregivers, in the form of abandonment of the child by the caregiver, changing caregivers, lack of safe space and necessary support for the child from the family and school, and/or deficiencies in the provision of coordinated health and social care for both the child and the foster parents. The paper presents research findings supported by a statistical analysis of health and school difficulties in children in foster care related to their school attendance. The purpose of the research was to support the quality and coordination of services of non-profit organizations providing social, health and educational services to foster families and their children during school attendance to support the school success and well-being of children. The study was implemented as part of a dissertation at the University of South Bohemia in České Budějovice in the Czech Republic on the topic of promotion of the health, social and psychological well-being of school-aged children in the context of their school and family environment. The authors carried out a questionnaire survey in the Czech Republic among a selected sample of respondents, who were foster parents of children aged 6 to 15 attending primary school in the Pardubice Region. In a total sample of 102 respondents, we identified two different groups. One group – 64 respondents with healthy children and another group – 38 respondents with children with health difficulties. The aim of the research was to compare the assessments of the intensity of school difficulties of children in foster care in groups of respondents with or without a child with health difficulties or mental illness in their foster care. The hypothesis of a difference in assessments of school difficulties in children with/without health difficulties was formulated and statistically tested (H0: ratings of the intensity of difficulties are the same in both groups). Statistical testing of the hypothesis utilised the non-parametric Mann-Whitney test with the test results being significant at the level of significance p<0.05. Correlation was observed for each difficulty and exploratory cluster analysis shows their interrelationships. The study results according to the foster parents' assessment show a high intensity of difficulties of school-aged children in foster care in their inclusion in the classroom in establishing relationships with classmates (p-value =0.9), in a negative attitude towards learning and lack of motivation to learn (p-value =0.7) experiencing nervousness, internal tension and staying focused when learning. In addition, when comparing the groups of respondents with healthy children and children who have health difficulties/mental illness, there was a statistically significantly higher intensity of difficulties in the group of respondents with children with health difficulties when doing prep work for the classes (p-value =0.00075).

A partially debonded rigid elliptical inclusion with a liquid slit inclusion occupying the debonded portion

We derive a closed-form solution to the plane strain problem of a partially debonded rigid elliptical inclusion in which the debonded portion is filled with a liquid slit inclusion when the infinite isotropic elastic matrix is subjected to uniform remote in-plane stresses. The original boundary value problem is reduced to a Riemann–Hilbert problem with discontinuous coefficients, and its analytical solution is derived. By imposing the incompressibility condition of the liquid slit inclusion and balance of moment on a circular disk of infinite radius, we obtain a set of two coupled linear algebraic equations for the two unknowns characterizing the internal uniform hydrostatic tension within the liquid slit inclusion and the rigid body rotation of the rigid elliptical inclusion. As a result, these two unknowns can be uniquely determined revealing the elastic field in the matrix.

Characterization of the interface fracture energy dependency on mixed mode fracture between rigid fiber and soft matrix

An enhanced version of the Rubber Cord Adhesion Inflation Test (RCAIT) has been designed to experimentally assess the internal pressure and cable tension applied to the specimen needed to propagate a crack along the matrix/reinforcement interface. To calculate the critical strain energy release rate, we develop a semi-analytical model describing the deformation of a hyperelastic tube under loading conditions that reflect the ones applied experimentally. A more comprehensive numerical model of the test is also proposed to investigate the influence of loading conditions on rubber deformation near the crack tip. Comparison of different experimental data sets with the theoretical/numerical data demonstrates that the new experimental setup allows for a reliable determination of the rubber/cord interface failure envelope under combined loading conditions.

The Violation of the Law and Religious Freedom in the Context of the Case of the Russian Church in Sofia—A Real Legal, Political and Canonical Issue

For more than a century, in the center of Sofia, the capital of the Republic of Bulgaria, there is and functions the church of St. Nikolai Mirlikiyski the Wonderworker, known as the Russian church. The church was built at the beginning of the 20th century with the idea of being part of the complex of the Russian imperial diplomatic body in Sofia and to serve the Russian diplomats, their families and the Orthodox Russian citizens living permanently or temporarily in the Bulgarian capital. However, after its consecration in 1914, disputes began, both regarding the ownership of the church building and the canonical jurisdiction of the church—of the Metropolitan of Sofia or the Holy Synod of the Russian Orthodox Church in Moscow. This dispute culminated in September 2023, with the expulsion from Bulgaria of several Russian and Belarusian clergies serving in the Russian church on charges of espionage in favor of the Russian Federation. The subsequent closure of the church by the Russian ambassador Mitrofanova led to internal and external political tension and ecclesiological chaos in the country. The Russian side violated the Bulgarian Law on Religions, known as the Confessions Act 2002, and directly infringed the Statute of the Bulgarian Orthodox Church. This article provides expert answers to the public law, property rights and canonical issues concerning the case of the Russian church in Sofia, based on the relevant sources of law (ecclesiastical and civil).

Joint constraints from cosmic shear, galaxy-galaxy lensing and galaxy clustering: internal tension as an indicator of intrinsic alignment modelling error

In cosmological analyses it is common to combine different types of measurement from the same survey. In this paper we use simulated DES Y3 and LSST Y1 data to explore differences in sensitivity to intrinsic alignments (IA) between cosmic shear and galaxy-galaxy lensing. We generate mock shear, galaxy-galaxy lensing and galaxy clustering data, contaminated with a range of IA scenarios. Using a simple 2-parameter IA model (NLA) in a DES Y3 like analysis, we show that the galaxy-galaxy lensing + galaxy clustering combination ( 2×2pt) is significantly more robust to IA mismodelling than cosmic shear. IA scenarios that produce up to 5σ biases for shear are seen to be unbiased at the level of ∼1σ for 2×2pt. We demonstrate that this robustness can be largely attributed to the redshift separation in galaxy-galaxy lensing, which provides a cleaner separation of lensing and IA contributions. We identify secondary factors which may also contribute, including the possibility of cancellation of higher-order IA terms in 2×2pt and differences in sensitivity to physical scales. Unfortunately this does not typically correspond to equally effective self-calibration in a 3×2pt analysis of the same data, which can show significant biases driven by the cosmic shear part of the data vector. If we increase the precision of our mock analyses to a level roughly equivalent to LSST Y1, we find a similar pattern, with considerably more bias in a cosmic shear analysis than a 2×2pt one, and significant bias in a joint analysis of the two. Our findings suggest that IA model error can manifest itself as internal tension between ξ± and γt+w data vectors. We thus propose that such tension (or the lack thereof) can be employed as a test of model sufficiency or insufficiency when choosing a fiducial IA model, alongside other data-driven methods.

SCREENING OF ANXIETY AND DEPRESSIVE DISORDERS IN MEDICAL STUDENTS

The aim of the research was to study the frequency of occurrence of anxiety and depression in first-year medical university students in the post-holiday period.Materials and methods. The study involved 70 first-year medical university students (average age 17,9 ± 1,31 years). The study was conducted as part of a periodic medical examination of participants during the first semester (in the early post-holiday period). The Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) was used.Results. The analysis of the answers to the questions of the HADS anxiety subscale showed that more than a third of the survey participants (38,6%) had anxiety disorders, of which more than half of the participants (51,9%) needed the advice of a clinical psychologist or psychotherapist. 21,4% of participants had a feeling of tension, 27,2% - fear, 24,3% - restless thoughts, 17,1% - inability to relax, 22,8% - internal tension or trembling, 40% - restlessness, 31,4% - panic. Analysis of answers to questions on the HADS depression subscale indicated that 22,9% of students had depressive disorders, of which more than a third (37,5%) needed the advice of a clinical psychologist or psychotherapist. 27,1% of participants had a decrease/lack of pleasure from something that used to bring positive emotions, 10% - inability to laugh, 15,7% - lack of a sense of cheerfulness, 20% - slowness, 15,7% - unwillingness to monitor their appearance, 18,6% - decreased sense of satisfaction from hobbies, 20% - decreased feelings of pleasure from a good book, radio or TV program.Conclusion. The expansion of the standard scope of periodic medical examination made it possible to screen the psycho-emotional state of students in the post-holiday period of the autumn semester and identify a risk group for the development and increase of existing anxiety-depressive disorders during the educational process, which can have an adverse effect on both the quality of life of students and the effectiveness and success of training.

Коррекция эмоционального состояния женщин, воспитывающих детей-инвалидов, посредством программы «Живительный глоток»

<p style="text-align: justify;">The article is devoted to the analysis of the influence of the psychocorrective program “Life-giving sip” on the emotional state of women raising children with disabilities. This program was implemented in the ANO Hippocenter “Luchik”, Ulyanovsk. The above experimental study involved 56 women aged 25 to 54 years, raising a disabled child aged 4 to 28 years. The “Methodology for diagnosing mental activation, interest, emotional tone, tension and comfort” was used as a toolkit (authors L.A. Kurgansky and T.A. Nemchin). A comparative analysis of the data obtained from the results of the implemented program showed the presence of significant differences in the emotional state of the respondents in terms of: mental activation, interest, emotional tone and comfort. Thus, the proposed “Life-giving sip” program is a proven effective corrective measure that allows women raising a child with disabilities to accept themselves and the external conditions of their lives, reduce anxiety and concern for the child and their actions in interaction with him, adjust to decision-making, expand the range of interests, relieve internal tension and feel yourself in a comfort zone.</p>

Study on Common Mental Disorders (CMD) in medical residents victims of aggressions in the Medical Residency Program in the state of Paraná

Medical residency entails supervised on-the-job training, where the dual role of worker and learner subjects’ residents to constant internal tension, potentially triggering common mental disorders (CMD). This cross-sectional, quantitative study involved 165 medical residents, administering three simultaneous virtual questionnaires on sociodemographic data, aggressions, abuse, mistreatment, and CMD. A significance level of 5% was utilized. Among residents frequently subjected to aggression, abuse, and mistreatment, 89.23% were classified as possible CMD cases (p < 0.001). Preceptors and supervisors were the most reported aggressors (66.15%). "Depreciation or humiliation" (p = 0.018), "assignment of punitive rather than educational tasks" (p = 0.022), and "threat of harm" (p = 0.008) were the most associated frequent aggression modalities with the classification of possible CMD cases. Imbalance among emotional, mental, and social spheres is linked to poor technical performance and inefficiency in patient relations.