Internal Factors Research Articles

EXAMINING THE DETERMINANTS OF VENTURE CAPITAL INVESTMENT SUCCESS IN START UP COMPANIES

The Indian startup scene has witnessed an unparalleled upsurge in recent times, garnering interest from both local and global quarters. The plethora of creative concepts, in conjunction with a favorable legislative framework and heightened accessibility to venture capital (VC) funds, has driven India to the forefront of the global startup investment landscape. In this ever-changing environment, it is imperative that researchers, practitioners, and policymakers alike focus on understanding the factors that influence venture capital investment success in Indian businesses. Especially in its early phases of development, venture capital, a type of private equity funding, is essential to the development and expansion of startups. In contrast to conventional funding options like public ownership or bank loans, venture capital offers not just cash but also industry contacts, mentorship, and strategic advice—all of which are crucial tools for start-up companies navigating the cutthroat business world. As such, the success or failure of venture capital investments has important ramifications for wider economic growth and innovation ecosystems, in addition to investors and entrepreneurs. With initiatives covering a wide range of industries, including technology, e-commerce, healthcare, finance, and agriculture, among others, India's startup environment is distinguished by its diversity and energy. The Indian startup scene is characterized by a diverse range of innovative and ambitious ventures, ranging from social enterprises tackling urgent societal concerns to disruptive technology firms upending conventional wisdom. But below all of this excitement are intricate dynamics and difficulties that influence how venture capital investments turn out. A variety of internal and external factors that interact in complex ways make up the multiple and multifactorial drivers of venture capital investment success in Indian businesses. The attractiveness of investment prospects and their potential for yielding returns are influenced by market factors, such as market size, growth potential, and competitive environment. Investors consider the caliber and competencies of the management team, which consists of executives, founders, and other important individuals, while determining the feasibility and expandability of businesses.

Identification of cholesterol in different media by using the FT-IR, FT-Raman and UV–visible spectra combined with DFT calculations

In this investigation, the experimental FT-IR and FT-Raman spectra of cholesterol in the solid phase and in ethanol solution have been combined with the B3LYP/6–311++G** calculations and the scaled quantum mechanical force field (SQMFF) methodology, normal internal coordinates and transferable scaling factors to obtain the complete vibrational assignments of 216 vibration modes expected. Hence, complete vibrational assignments for that steroid of greatest biological importance are reported for first time in gas phase and ethanol solution together with its scaled force constants. Changes in the positions of some bands and in force constants values are observed in the different media due to the predicted intra-molecular interactions between CH3/CH3, CH3/CH2 and CH2/CH2 groups by atoms in molecules (AIM) calculations. The 1H- and 13C NMR chemical shifts of normal and deuterated cholesterol in aqueous solution confirm that the H atom of OH group is involved in the formation of H bonds in solution. Studies of experimental electronic spectra of cholesterol in different concentrations of ethanol revealed that the positions of peaks maxima increase conform increase the solution concentration. The natural bond orbital (NBO) analyses reveal that the polar OH group and the four fused rings play important roles in the stability and properties of cholesterol than the large hydrophobic moiety. Frontier orbitals predicted low reactivity of cholesterol in ethanol probably due to its high ω value in this medium.

Knowledge transfer and protection in international joint ventures: An integrative review

Cross-border transfer and the protection of knowledge are important for multinational enterprises (MNEs) to develop their network partners’ capabilities while simultaneously safeguarding competitive advantages. However, they can be challenging for MNEs due to cultural and institutional differences between home and host markets. This poses a dilemma for MNEs, which is how to strike a balance between their knowledge transfer (KT) and knowledge protection (KP) strategies. It is notable that, so far, research has primarily investigated these two areas independently, lacking an integrative view. Therefore, in this article, we reviewed 98 academic articles exploring knowledge transfer/protection in MNEs operating under international joint venture (IJV) arrangements and assessed publications from the last two decades (2000–2022). Drawing from institutional theory and the bargaining power perspective, we developed a conceptual framework highlighting the external and internal factors influencing KT and KP. Subsequently, we contextualized these factors within the specific domain of IJVs, drawing on insights gleaned from the studies in our sample. The interplay of these factors, along with their contextual nuances, provides a holistic and in-depth understanding of how knowledge is managed within the complex dynamics of IJVs. In addition, our review contributes to our understanding of knowledge management in MNEs by identifying novel gaps in the literature and suggesting a number of avenues for future research.

A comparative study of factors influencing residents' waste sorting behavior in urban and rural areas of China

Extensive research has been conducted on the waste sorting behavior (WSB) of residents, while it is the first time that the classification behavior of urban and rural residents is compared under the same theoretical framework in China. Based on questionnaire data from 478 urban and rural residents, structural equation modeling (SEM) was used to investigate the internal factors influencing the WSB by integrating the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) and the Norm Activation Model (NAM). Hierarchical regression analysis was utilized to investigate the moderating effect of external factors on the residents' intentions and behavior. The results show that the degree of deviation between rural residents' intentions and behavior is much larger than that of urban residents. Personal norms are the key factors affecting urban residents' waste sorting. In contrast, for rural residents, attitude is the most critical factor, but the influence of subjective norms is insignificant. In addition, we found that policy restraints and economic incentives significantly moderate the association between urban residents' sorting intention and behavior, with economic incentives having a better effect than policy restraints. In contrast, the impact of policy restraints on rural residents is better than that of urban areas. However, the moderating effect of economic incentives is insignificant for rural residents. The findings furnish the government with meaningful strategies to narrow the urban-rural waste management gap.

Factors of competitiveness of Russian grain on the world market and prospects for the development of grain farming in the context of increasing export potential

Factors of competitiveness of Russian grain on the world market and prospects for the development of grain farming in the context of increasing export potential

A Review of Factors Influencing Strategy Implementation in the Public Sector

This article presents a review of strategy implementation in the public sector. The findings show that several researchers have highlighted the need for a more comprehensive investigation of strategy implementation in the public sector, whereby specific public sector concepts should be considered. A framework for internal and external factors of strategy implementation is developed based on the available evidence. The framework includes recommendations for the the gaps addressed beforehand: 1. To link strategy implementation based on public sector concept with internal factors such as centralised, formalised and complexity structure, transformational and transactional leadership, formal and informal communication, and appropriate organisational culture, and 2. To consider the impact of external factors such as political and governmental regulation, resources from the budgeting system and technology infrastructure on the internal factors as moderators.

ANALYSIS OF CATFISH FARMING BUSINESS DEVELOPMENT STRATEGY IN FISH FARM AGRIBUSINESS KARANG SARI VILLAGE SOUTH LAMPUNG

Indonesia is one of the countries that has abundant resources both from capture fisheries production and aquaculture fisheries. Catfish farming has profitable potential because the demand from the community is very high, while judging from the cultivation technique is relatively simple and quite easy. This research was conducted by analyzing how the catfish farming business development strategy in the Fish Farm Fisheries Agribusiness business of Karang Sari Village, South Lampung. The purpose of this study is to find out the catfish business development strategy in the Fish Farm Fisheries Agribusiness, this analysis method uses a qualitative analysis method using SWOT analysis in SWOT analysis divided into two groups, namely internal factors (IFAS) consisting of strengths and weaknesses and external factors (EFAS) consisting of opportunities and Threat. Based on the Internal Factor Analysis Summary (IFAS), the completeness score of all internal components (Quality and deficiency) is 3.13, while for the External Factor Analysis Summary (EFAS), it is known that from each external factor (Openings and Hazards) is 3.14. The results of the study of the SWOT analysis diagram produced are that the growth strategy is in quadrant 1, then the strategy applied is a growth strategy (Growth).

酒店企业在环境分析因素范围内面临的问题： 阿克恰科卡案例

The aim of the research is to identify the problems faced by hotel businesses within the scope of internal and external environmental factors. In this context, qualitative research method was applied in the research. Data was collected through face-to-face semi-structured interviews with people who are the owners and senior managers of hotel businesses operating in Akçakoca. A total of 10 hotel businesses were interviewed. Data were analyzed with descriptive analysis technique. As a result of the research, it has been revealed that the enterprises face economic, political, legal and natural environmental problems arising from the remote environmental factors. It was also found out that they do not generally encounter problems arising from immediate environmental factors. Lastly, it was found out that generally they face marketing, human resources, finance and accounting problems in general in the context of internal environmental factors.

IMPLEMENTASI MODEL CONTEXTUAL TEACHING LEARNING DALAM MENINGKATKAN KETERLIBATAN SISWA PADA PEMBELAJARAN MATEMATIKA

This best practice writing aims to determine the effectiveness of the CTL learning model in increasing student involvement in learning mathematics and to provide the best recommendations for using Contextual Teaching Learning in learning. Learning problems that occur in SMA Selamat Pagi Indonesia class XII students involving conditions of low learning motivation and lack of involvement in all learning activities, of course, have an impact on learning outcomes that do not achieve learning objectives. The method used in this research is using qualitative methods where data collection through literature review, observation, interviews, and documentation, then analyzed with a SWOT matrix equipped with IFAS (Internal Factor Analysis Strategy) and EFAS (External Factor Analysis Strategy) factors. The use of the CTL model has been able to show significant results, in the SWOT matrix shows that the results of the analysis of internal and external factors, positioning the use of CTL in learning in Quadrant 1. Which means, the use of CTL is in a very favorable situation. The use of this learning model has opportunities and strengths at a positive value (x = +1.22, y = +1.17). The strategy that must be applied in using the CTL model is to support an aggressive growth policy (Growth oriented strategy), which is fully implemented and disciplined according to its syntax, so that its implementation can be effective in increasing student involvement in learning mathematics.

Strategic Management Analysis at McDonald's Fast Food Restaurant, Perdatam Pasar Minggu

McDonald's, as one of the franchise companies that has a global reputation and is known almost all over the world, operates its business in the fast food sector. The object of this study is McDonald's located in Perdatam, Pasar Minggu. This research method is qualitative, with a qualitative descriptive analysis approach and SWOC analysis. Data collection was carried out by direct observation and interviews with the relevant resource persons in this study. The results showed that, McDonald's features a food menu that is famous for being delicious and diverse, including packaged menu choices, McDonald's consistently displays food product innovations to attract the attention of its consumers. McDonald's success lies not only in its taste excellence, but also in its ability to constantly adapt to changing consumer trends and tastes. The company continues to carry out various management strategies including vigorous promotions involving various media such as social media, television, radio, newspapers, and banners and McDonald's marketing strategies are designed very practically to stay ahead of its peers in the highly competitive fast food industry. The company's internal factors, especially its strengths, are always able to outperform its weaknesses. McDonald's managed to maintain its position in the market by presenting a combination of menu diversity, quality, and product innovation that became the main attraction for customers. Its ability to continuously compete and remain relevant in the market keeps McDonald's as a leader in the fast food industry, maintaining its edge amid fierce competition and ever-changing business dynamics.

Interaction between cognitive process and social dynamics in shaping individual analyzing of online reviews. Part I.

While internal factors like review and reviewer characteristics have been extensively studied, the influence of external, particularly social factors, on online review processing remains relatively unexplored. This research bridges this gap by investigating how social pressures: social conformity, social validation, affects how individuals analyze online reviews. By combining the Elaboration Likelihood Model (ELM) and the Social Influence Theory (SIT), we propose a comprehensive framework to examine two key dimensions: Online review processing and the influence of social factors on this process. We conduct a study among skincare product consumers, revealing that social conformity, significantly influence reliance on peripheral cues (ratings, source credibility), however social validation does not exhibit a significant effect. Furthermore, by introducing expertise as a moderator, we observe that the direct impact of social factors becomes attenuated. This suggests that individuals with strong subject knowledge are less susceptible to the persuasive power of social cues when evaluating online review.

THE EFFECT OF WORK ENVIRONMENT AND INNOVATION ON JOB SATISFACTION OF MILLENNIAL EMPLOYEES AT PT.XYZ WITH CAREER DEVELOPMENT AS AN INTERVENING VARIABLE

Abstract Employees are an important company asset who have quality work competencies to provide the best performance to support company programs. In practice, the Human Capital (HC) team has a competency improvement program that requires motivation from employees as an internal factor so that the program can run effectively. Work motivation is affected by a variety of factors such as salary, work environment, job security, relationships with coworkers, awards, and so on. This influences whether an employee is satisfied with his or her job. The proportionate stratified random sampling approach was utilized, which is a sampling methodology for populations with mixed or variable features, and the data in this study uses a quantitative approach. The population is millennial employees at PT XYZ with a total of 139 millennial employees. The data was collected by distributing a questionnaire with 28 closed questions and response options indicating how strongly respondents agreed or disagreed with the questions posed. The results show it is possible to conclude that the millennial employees at PT XYZ have a level of job satisfaction that is influenced by work environment factors, innovation, and career development factors that can mediate changes in the level of job satisfaction. This finding could be an overview of benchmarks for management in departments, so that job satisfaction obtained by employees does not become a saturation point but becomes a driving force to improve their performance in this company continuously.

Islamic Religious Education and Religious Moderation at University

This study highlights the ideal ratio between the number of lecturers and students in Islamic Education classes at the Faculty of Economics, Udayana University, Bali. With only one lecturer teaching 200 students, this imbalance is a significant concern, especially amidst worries about the spread of extremism and exclusivism on campus. The research aims to evaluate the learning process, religious moderation attitudes among lecturers and students, and factors influencing religious moderation attitudes among students. Using a qualitative descriptive method and a case study design, data were collected through observation, in-depth interviews, and questionnaires, and analyzed using descriptive analysis techniques. The findings indicate that the ratio of Islamic Education lecturers to students does not meet government standards, despite the implementation of various teaching methods. Nevertheless, attitudes towards religious moderation are generally positive, although there are indications of a lack of moderation among some students. Internal and external factors were identified as influencing factors on religious moderation attitudes. These findings emphasize the need for ongoing efforts to improve the quality of Islamic Education learning through enhancing lecturer competencies and implementing programs to strengthen religious moderation in higher education, aiming to promote tolerance and reinforce religious moderation among students.

The Influence of Internal Control and Good Corporate Governance Implementation on Fraud Prevention

This research is motivated by the many cases of fraud in the banking sector in Indonesia. The results of the 2019 Indonesian Fraud Survey stated that the fraud that occurred was caused by internal control factors and the implementation of good corporate governance. This research aims to determine the influence of internal control and the implementation of good corporate governance on fraud prevention in general banking in The research method used in this research is the verification method. The population in this research are internal auditors who work at commercial banks in the Jakarta and Bandung areas. The sampling technique used was a probability sampling technique with a simple random sampling technique, and used the Slovin formula so that the total sample was 47 internal auditors in the Jakarta and Bandung areas The data analysis used is multiple linear regression analysis using the SPSS program. Research results Simultaneously, Internal Control and the implementation of Good Corporate Governance have an effect on fraud prevention. Partially, the implementation of internal control has an effect on fraud prevention. Partially, the implementation of good corporate governance has an effect on prevention

Satisfaction, trust, and risk perception as antecedents of customer loyalty

Purpose-Customer loyalty is an important aspect that must be owned and maintained by every business actor. Maintaining customer loyalty increases opportunities for businesses to survive in business competition. Many internal or external factors can affect customer loyalty. This study aimed to determine how satisfaction, trust, and risk perception affect customer loyalty. Design/Methodology/Approach-Smart PLS 4.0 is a statistical tool used to process research data. This study analyzes the effect of satisfaction, trust, and risk perception on customer loyalty to Tokopedia customer objects. Research data were obtained by distributing questionnaires and collecting data from up to 96 respondents. Findings-Two of the three hypotheses were rejected or unsupported. Satisfaction and risk perception had no effect on consumer loyalty, while trust had a positive effect on consumer loyalty. Research limitations/implications-The findings of this research are expected to be a reference and learning, especially for business actors in Tokopedia, who are expected to be able to understand that to grow or maintain consumer loyalty, there are many things that must be considered. This study shows that satisfaction, trust, and risk perception are factors that can affect customer loyalty. Originality/value-There is still very little research on consumer behavior, especially customer loyalty, using the Tokopedia e-commerce service. In this study, factors that influence consumer behavior, especially Tokopedia consumer loyalty.

From Ritual to Virtual: Enhancing Hindu Religious Education through Digital Literacy

This study highlights the ideal ratio between the number of lecturers and students in Islamic Education classes at the Faculty of Economics, Udayana University, Bali. With only one lecturer teaching 200 students, this imbalance is a significant concern, especially amidst worries about the spread of extremism and exclusivism on campus. The research aims to evaluate the learning process, religious moderation attitudes among lecturers and students, and factors influencing religious moderation attitudes among students. Using a qualitative descriptive method and a case study design, data were collected through observation, in-depth interviews, and questionnaires, and analyzed using descriptive analysis techniques. The findings indicate that the ratio of Islamic Education lecturers to students does not meet government standards, despite the implementation of various teaching methods. Nevertheless, attitudes towards religious moderation are generally positive, although there are indications of a lack of moderation among some students. Internal and external factors were identified as influencing factors on religious moderation attitudes. These findings emphasize the need for ongoing efforts to improve the quality of Islamic Education learning through enhancing lecturer competencies and implementing programs to strengthen religious moderation in higher education, aiming to promote tolerance and reinforce religious moderation among students.

Managing patients with eating disorders: a qualitative study in primary care.

General Practitioners (GPs) play a key role in the diagnosis and management of eating disorders (EDs). To explore GPs' experiences of managing patients with eating disorders (EDs). A qualitative study utilising remote semi-structured interviews. Fourteen GPs were interviewed about their experiences of supporting patients with EDs. The interviews were recorded, transcribed and analysed using thematic analysis. The analysis described four themes: i) 'Continuity of care' addressing the GPs relationship with patients and family, patients transitions across life stages and geographical areas and patient non-attendance; ii) 'The role of guidance' focusing on guidelines and protocols, referrals and specialist professionals as points of contact; iii) 'Structural barriers' including waiting times, lack of resources, referral criteria and relationships between services; iv) 'Confidence and skills' reflecting professional and personal experience in EDs, previous training and training needs. Transcending these themes was the notion of the 'Limits to the care' GPs can provide due to professional boundaries and the emotional impact of managing patients with EDs. This study found that whilst GPs want to help patients with EDs many limits remain to the care they can provide due to both internal and external factors. Funding is required for training and accessible specialist ED support and greater clarity is needed regarding referral processes if ED management in Primary Care is to be optimised.

A Study on The Internal Determinants of Financial Sustainability Performance in Private Hospitals

Financial sustainability has been a significant goal across all sectors recently. It is also imperative to set financial sustainability as an objective to sustain operations in private hospitals that are pivotal within Türkiye’s health system. Literature highlights that the hospitals deliver services amidst significant financial challenges. The purpose of this study is to explore the internal factors related to financial sustainability performance in private hospitals, analyze the relationships between them, and develop recommendations based on the analysis. A quantitative, cross-sectional approach was employed in the research, utilizing a questionnaire to collect data. Seventy participants working in the administrative and financial departments of private hospitals from different cities were included. The data were analyzed by structural equation modeling. The study identified cost management practices, logistic performance, and marketing efforts as variables potentially related to financial sustainability performance. Correlation analysis indicated a significant, positive relationship between the variables and financial sustainability performance. Path analysis revealed that marketing efforts had the most significant impact on financial sustainability performance followed by cost management. Logistic performance had no significant influence within the model. The number of studies on healthcare sector considering financial sustainability and its’ possible determinants is highly limited. This study provides practical implications by examining this phenomenon with its’ potential internal determinants.

The Effect of Internal Factors on Financial Performance of Pharmaceutical Wholesale Companies in Zimbabwe

The Effect of Internal Factors on Financial Performance of Pharmaceutical Wholesale Companies in Zimbabwe

Students’ Abilities and Difficulties in Comprehending English Reading Texts at Second Grade Students’ of SMA Negeri 1 Sakra Timur

Reading is one of the four language skills taught in English learning process. Reading comprehension is the process of making meaning from the texts. Reading comprehension is the ability of the students to read the English reading texts, process the texts, and understand its meaning and integrated with what the reader already knows. The students had still low ability and high difficulties in comprehend the text. This study deals with the abilities and difficulties of the students in comprehending English reading texts. This research study aimed (a) to know the students’ reading abilities in comprehending English text, (b) to find out the students’ difficulties in comprehending English text, (c) to identify factors of causing the students’ difficulties in comprehending English text. The research employed qualitative research method. Data were collected through documentation/worksheet test and interview by 25 students’ and English teacher at senior high school in Sakra Timur. Among other findings, the present study reports that the students’ ability in comprehending English reading texts focus on descriptive text was still low. They had got low ability because they had high difficulties in comprehending English text. The difficulties faced by the students were determining main idea, understanding vocabulary, difficulties in making inference, and to looking for the detail information. The factors were causing the students’ difficulties in comprehending consist of two factors internal and external. The internal factors consist of the student difficulties in understanding long sentence, inadequate instruction presented by teacher, and difficulties in understanding vocabulary). The external factor consists of school and house environment. The other problem is the students’ lack of motivation, lack of interest in English, and lack of participant in English learning process. Their low in reading comprehension was due to their difficulties in comprehension.