Internal Business Research Articles

Intra-Party Democracy in Tanzania: Assessing Competitiveness of Party Leadership Selection

Abstract This study assessed competitiveness in selecting party chairpersons in Tanzania and the factors that shape the competitiveness. Data were generated from interviews with 27 stakeholders, structured questionnaires administered to 60 party members and a content analysis of official party documents. The study revealed that the selections are generally not competitive when assessed against parameters such as incumbent success rate, number of candidates and vote share among them and role of party Conventions. Specifically, possibility to defeat incumbents is generally very low while the selections mostly feature one candidate who amasses almost all votes. To camouflage competition, leadership selections in CUF and CHADEMA occasionally feature more than one candidate while single candidacy remains a strongly established tradition in CCM. Yet, delegates to party Conventions seem to be highly influenced by sitting chairpersons in selecting their new leaders. The findings reveal how intra-party democratic deficit normally builds itself around power centers of the party thus calling for further studies on intra-party democracy to use the party leadership as their point of departure. Practically, relevant laws should be redefined while also strengthening their enforcement mechanisms to compel political parties to cherish democratic principles in their internal businesses.

Digital engineering audit management strategy based on machine learning combined with wireless communication network

In response to the evolving landscape of the modern era, the requirements for engineering audit have undergone significant changes. To achieve efficient audit tasks and obtain accurate and reliable results, the integration of machine learning and wireless network technology has become essential, leading to the emergence of digital and information-based audit modes. This paper focuses on the development of a digital audit system that combines engineering audit management fusion with machine learning and wireless network technology. Such an approach reflects the dynamic shift in internal audit functions and objectives, providing clear guidelines for the future of digital audit management. By harnessing the power of machine learning and wireless networks, the digital audit system effectively addresses challenges associated with data management, sharing, exchange, and security during the audit process. Through seamless integration, it enables comprehensive electronic and digital management of internal and audit business processes. This research explores the platform’s functionalities and its potential application, using actual audit data for analysis. The proposed digital audit system showcases superior real-time data querying performance, heightened accuracy in checks, and enhanced retrieval capabilities. The simulation results validate the system’s efficacy, highlighting its ability to deliver true and dependable audit outcomes. By embracing digital transformation, the engineering audit field can harness the potential of cutting-edge technologies, thus paving the way for a more efficient, reliable, and future-ready approach to audit management.

Analisis Kinerja Karyawan Pada Pengadilan Agama Jakarta Timur Menggunakan Metode Balanced Score Card (BSC)

This study aims to analyze performance in the East Jakarta Religious Court using this research method in the Balanced Score Card is a descriptive research that aims to clearly describe the analysis of employee performance through the analysis of growth and learning perspectives, customer perspective analysis, financial perspective analysis and internal business perspective analysis. The results of the research on the performance of employees of the East Jakarta Religious Court with the Balanced Score Card are quite good from the analysis of the internal business perspective of 9.09%, the analysis of the growth and development perspective of work discipline over the past 3 months by 20.5%, then in employees who are given training has increased over the past 3 years by 35.27% and employees who have left have decreased in the last 3 years by 10.82%, then the analysis of the financial perspective for the last 3 months by 0.804. In this study draws the conclusion that there is a significant influence between employee performance and the application of the Balanced Score Card. Because the East Jakarta Religious Court is still experiencing a decrease in outgoing employees because these 4 perspectives are considered not optimal

Penerapan Balance Scorecard dalam Rangka Pengukuran Kinerja Perusahaan PT. Anugrah Iyan Pratama Makassar


 Anugrah Iyan Pratama is a company that operates in the field of trade in health devices. PT. Anugrah Iyan Pratama needs to have a proper performance measurement system framework. Nowadays, the phenomenon that often occurs in PT. Anugrah Iyan Pratama is the inappropriate delivery of goods and payments that are often not on time due to something from the internal company. This phenomenon has a negative impact on long-term agility and success, so it needs to be based on a balanced scorecard in both performance and existing perspectives, such as a financial perspective consisting of return on investment (ROI), profit margin, and growth rate revenue, customer perspectives, internal business process perspectives, and growth and learning perspectives. This research aimed to test hypotheses, solved problems, and achieve goals.Based on the results of the research and discussions that have been outlined, the measurement of the financial perspective of PT. Anugrah Iyan Pratama Makassar showed excellent performance. This could be seen from ROI, profit margin, and growth in revenue. The measurement from the customer perspective of PT. Anugrah Iyan Pratama Makassar showed good performance. This could be seen from the excellent customer growth rate. Measuring from an internal business perspective that included company innovation and after-sales service showed good company performance because the company has strived to deliver better change in innovation. The evaluation of the performance achieved by PT. Anugrah Iyan Pratama Makassar as a whole was said to be good or satisfactory.

Research on the heterogeneity of executives’ nonsalary incentives on corporate green technology innovation

Purpose Green technology innovation is the organic combination of green development and innovation driven. It is also a powerful guarantee for shaping sustainable competitive advantages of manufacturing enterprises. To explore what kind of executive incentive contracts can truly stimulate green technology innovation, this study aims to distinguish the equity incentive and reputation incentive, upon their contractual elements characteristics and green governance effects, and then put forward suggestions for green technology innovation accordingly. Design/methodology/approach This study establishes an evaluation model and uses empirical methods to test. Concretely, using data from A-share listed manufacturing companies for the period from 2007 to 2020, this study compares and analyzes the impact of equity and reputation incentive on green technology innovation and explores the relationship between internal green business behavior and external green in depth. Findings This study finds that reputation incentives focus on long-term and non-utilitarian orientation, which can promote green technology innovation in enterprises. While equity incentives, linked to performance indicators, have a inhibitory effect on green technology innovation. Internal and external institutional factors such as energy conservation measures, the “three wastes” management system, and environmental recognition play the regulatory role in the relationship between incentive contracts and green technology innovation. Originality/value Those findings validate and expand the efficient contracting hypothesis and the rent extraction hypothesis from the perspective of green technology innovation and provide useful implications for the design of green governance systems in manufacturing enterprises.

Analysis of Employee Performance Indicators Using the Human Resource Scorecard Approach and Analytical Hierarchy Process

Measuring employee performance is important for companies to carry out their business processes to meet people's electricity needs. This research aims to determine the most important indicators that can improve employee performance using the Human Resource Scorecard (HRSC) method approach and weighting using the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP). To find out the most important indicators, they are determined by accumulating key informant assessments in this research which are then analyzed using AHP with the help of the superdecision application. The research results show that the main perspective that must be considered is the customer perspective which has the highest priority weight. Then for each perspective on the HRSC theoretical approach, the key performance indicator (KPI) that PT PLN Pusmanpro Semarang must prioritize based on the highest priority weight is the KPI Reward amount (0.024351) in the financial perspective, KPI speed of service (0.134916 ) from the customer perspective, KPI for the number of projects implemented (0.023622) from the internal business process perspective, and KPI for increasing employee understanding of their job descriptions (0.035857) from the learning & growth perspective. To be able to improve the performance of its employees, PT PLN Pusmanpro Semarang must consider each of the most important indicators from each HRSC perspective.

Social Responsibility in Business

Dynamic environmental changes due to internal and external factors force business people not only to increase profits and employment systems, but also to overcome social problems. The greater power an entrepreneur has, the greater his influence on the quality of life of society, both individually and in society. It even impacts every life in the world. This phenomenon gave rise to statements of corporate social responsibility (CSR). CSR emphasizes that corporate responsibility does not only apply to economic activities (generating profits for the sustainability of the company), but also social responsibility, including the environment. Social responsibility in business does not only focus on social responsibility that prioritizes humanism, love, concern for religion and morality, but also on the obligations that must be fulfilled by business. To solve social problems. Many things have been done consciously in developing CSR. This means that implementing CSR means investing in the development and continuity of a company, which is seen as a benefit, not a cost. CSR is still a global trend.

The justification of methodological approach of machine-building enterprises efficiency assessment

The article argues for the relevance of researching contemporary methods and tools for assessing the effectiveness of industrial enterprises, particularly in the context of the adverse impact of the country's economy. Specifically, an analysis of the profitability levels of industrial enterprises, also in the machinery industry, was conducted, revealing low-efficiency indicators. Machine-building enterprises are a crucial pillar of the economy, and their development contributes to the country's and society's overall economic progress and the acceleration of scientific and technological advancements. The author proposed a methodological approach to evaluating the efficiency of enterprise operations, reflecting the processes, methods, and planned results of its application for assessing the efficiency of industrial enterprises. To simplify the calculation process and the number of indicators, an invariant model for assessing the efficiency of enterprise operations was suggested. The "centers of gravity" method was used to construct the suggested model. This involved forming an array of analyzed data, standardizing the output data, and calculating the matrix of Euclidean distances for each group of enterprise development indicators. The representative indicators for each group were chosen based on the minimum value of the sum of Euclidean distances. The obtained results were economically interpreted. The invariant model was also based on calculating four representative indicators by efficiency groups. According to the justified model, the representative for the group of indicators of the efficiency of internal business processes and the scientific-technical production level was the profitability of production. The effectiveness of the customer component was reflected in the accounts receivable turnover. Workforce efficiency reflects labor productivity, and the efficiency of the financial component was assessed by calculating the profitability of equity. Keywords: enterprise efficiency, enterprise development, methodical approach to assessing enterprise efficiency, intuitive model.

MEASUREMENT OF A BALANCED SCORECARD AND SWOT ANALYSIS IN CONSUMER LENDING STRATEGY OF BANK SUMSEL BABEL MUNTOK

The balanced scorecard measures the overall performance of the organization from four perspectives: financial, customer, internal business process, learning, and growth. Under a quantitative research design, this research tries to measure the performance of consumer lending distribution at Bank Sumsel Babel Muntok branch by using Balance Scorecard perspectives, followed by a SWOT analysis and an assessment of the company's position according to the Internal External Matrix. The object of this research is one of the regional development bank's branches. Primary data were collected through a questionnaire, and secondary data were obtained through the financial report PT Bank Pembangunan Daerah Sumatera Selatan dan Bangka Belitung (Bank Sumsel Babel). The matrix aligns with the company's SWOT, and the results are then explained using the IFAS Matrix (Strength - Weakness) and EFAS Matrix (Opportunities - Threats). The results of the IFAS and EFAS Matrix are depicted in the Cartesian SWOT Diagram. Based on the Cartesian SWOT Diagram, the distribution of multipurpose lending Bank Sumsel Babel Muntok is in quadrant I, where the strategy that needs to be implemented is aggressive. An aggressive strategy makes the organization's strengths in maximizing the opportunities available.

Penerapan Metode Balanced Scorecard Untuk Menilai Kinerja Perusahaan Pada PT Teknindo Geosistem Unggul

This study aims to evaluate the performance of PT Teknindo Geosistem Unggul using the Balanced Scorecard method. Data sources consist of financial statements, number of employees, and secondary data from observations, documentation, and interviews. The results showed that the performance condition of PT Teknindo Geosistem Unggul if measured using a balanced scorecard on a financial perspective included in unhealthy conditions, on a customer perspective the results showed that overall, the level of customer satisfaction can be considered good, performance on the internal business perspective is in very good condition with new innovations and the company's quality management system including maintenance requests and improvements in after-sales service, The growth and learning perspective can be said to be in quite good condition which shows the results of a decrease in employee retention and an increase in employee productivity even though it had decreased in the previous year.

Internal green marketing orientation and business performance: The role of employee environmental commitment and green organizational identity

The research examines the idea that Internal Green Marketing Orientation (IGMO) is a strategic approach within the tourism and hospitality industries that focuses on integrating environmentally friendly practices into the organizational culture. It encompasses how a business perceives, values, and prioritizes environmental concerns as part of its internal operations. IGMO, as a fundamental aspect of a company's strategy, plays a significant role in shaping Business Performance (BP) in this sector. How does IGMO influence Business Performance (BP) in the tourism and hospitality industries, and what is the role of Employee Environmental Commitment (EEC) and Green Organizational Identity (GOI) in this relationship? The purpose of this study is to find the answers to the previous questions. The study randomly gathered data via time-lagged surveys distributed among workers with at least two years of experience in hotels and tourism companies in Egypt. The study employed Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) to analyze the perceptions of 338 employees working in hotels and tourism companies in Egypt. The study's results showed that IGMO is positively associated with BP. Furthermore, IGMO is positively associated with EEC. In addition, EEC is positively associated with BP. EEC succeeded in mediating the association between IGMO and BP. Finally, the study proved that GOI moderates the association between IGMO and EEC. Practical implications include prioritizing IGMO, fostering employee environmental commitment, recognizing the impact of employee commitment on business performance, leveraging employee commitment as a mediator, and understanding the role of green organizational identity in shaping employee commitment.

Knowledge Management in Serbian SMEs: Key Factors of Influence on Internal and External Business Performances

This study investigates the pivotal role of knowledge management (KM) in Serbian small- and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs), highlighting its impact on both the internal dynamics and external business performance of a company. Addressing the unique socio-economic and cultural context of the Serbian business environment, this research study explores how effectively KM practices can streamline business processes, enhance decision making, and foster more significant outputs. This study includes a sample of 370 companies, conducted during the period of the initial 6 months of 2023, by measuring the influence of knowledge management factors within the process of generating revenue and on decreasing operating costs. Drawing on previous theoretical research provided by different experts, followed by a quantitative analysis performed through principal component analysis (PCA), this study identifies critical factors of influence for KM adoption and exploitation in Serbian SMEs. This study offers insights into the interplay between knowledge acquisition, formation, application, warehousing, and knowledge transfer. Findings suggest that from an external perspective, the process capabilities of a company for acquiring and formatting knowledge have a positive influence on business performance, while the technological capabilities of a company for knowledge warehousing, sharing, and formatting produce the same effect but from an internal business perspective.

An Intervention Framework for a Business Context: A systemic design case of sustainable parenthood

This study explores the application of systemic design approaches used in a complex commercial context to create positive and sustainable change. The case study was a business case on sustainable parenthood, in which the company tried to balance its ambitions for environmental sustainability with the need to survive in a highly competitive market. In close collaboration with the internal business company stakeholders, a causal-loop diagram was created. The diagram mapped relations between global relevant trends for emerging young adults within the DACH market, sustainability, and parenting as a business. Leverage points for systemic change were identified which were explored through in-depth user interviews (n=10). This process eventually identified ten systemic insights, translated into insight cards to facilitate business actions. Based on these combined approaches, the MINT framework (Mapping Interventions and Narratives for Transformation) was developed, with a strong emphasis on co-creation, iteration, translation, and communication of systemic interventions. However, while the internal business stakeholders and company representatives appreciated the bird’s eye view that systemic design gave them, they were challenged by the methods’ abstract language and translation of systemic insights into concrete action. To address this, the developed framework utilized systemic design artefacts such as a storytelling map and user-centred insight cards to facilitate a more comprehensible systemic design approach. Overall, this study provides a first attempt at creating an actionable systemic design framework that can be used in commercial settings to promote positive systemic change. Future research will require further validation.

Internal Marketing and Business Performance: A Survey from Service Sector Employees in Nepal

Internal Marketing and Business Performance: A Survey from Service Sector Employees in Nepal

Multi-Objective Service Composition in Uncertain Environments

Web services have the potential to offer the enterprises with the ability to compose internal and external business services in order to accomplish complex processes. Service composition then becomes an increasingly challenging issue when complex and critical applications are built upon services with different QoS criteria. However, most of the existing QoS-aware service composition techniques are simply based on the assumption that multiple QoS criteria, no matter whether these multiple criteria are conflicting or not, can be combined into a single criterion to be optimized, according to some utility functions. In practice, this can be very difficult as these utility functions or weights are not well-known a priori. In addition, the existing approaches are designed to work in certain environments, where the QoS parameters are well-known in advance. These approaches will render fruitless when facing uncertain and dynamic environments, e.g., cloud environments, where no prior knowledge of the QoS parameters is available. In this paper, two novel multi-objective approaches are proposed to handle QoS-aware Web service composition with conflicting objectives and various restrictions on the quality matrices. The proposed approaches use reinforcement learning in order to deal with the uncertainty characteristics inherent in open and dynamic environments. Experimental results reveal the ability of the proposed approaches to find a set of Pareto optimal solutions, which have the equivalent quality to satisfy multiple QoS-objectives with different user preferences.

The relationship between business strategy and internal control in aquaculture firms

Any company that wants to achieve both financial and non-financial performance needs to have internal controls. Internal controls are intended to reduce risks, safeguard resources, guarantee accurate financial reporting, boost productivity, and ease compliance (Bashaija, 2022). The purpose of this study is to investigate how internal control and business strategy interact in Vietnamese aquaculture companies. To gather information, a survey of 225 workers in Vietnamese aquaculture companies was done. Through qualitative and quantitative methodologies, we used Cronbach’s alpha, exploratory factor analysis (EFA), and regression analysis to determine the relationship between business strategy and internal control. The results showed that the business strategy had a positive relationship with internal control. In particular, the defensive strategy is the strongest. From the findings, this study suggests several recommendations to improve internal control, such as improving business strategy. The findings are thought to be a helpful resource for Vietnamese aquaculture companies looking to move toward sustainable development.

Concepts and features of business scaling in the conditions of modern challenges

The article considered scientific approaches to the interpretation of the concept of «business scaling», reflecting its various aspects. It is noted that business scaling is a strategy because it requires certain coordinated actions and is implemented when the company is ready for scaling. It is determined that it can be aimed at achieving the following goals: increasing profits, capturing the market, gaining access to investments and expanding financing, developing technologies, ensuring competitiveness, improving the image, increasing the rating and influence of the company, increasing brand awareness, etc. It is noted that the main measures to achieve these scaling goals are quantitative and (or) qualitative changes in the functioning of the company. The author's definition of this term is formulated as a flexible, agile, quickly adaptive strategy with constant improvement of business processes to achieve strategic goals. The main features of such a strategy in the conditions of modern challenges have been revealed: the increase in the scale of business does not affect costs in the same way; the increase in income occurs faster than the increase in expenses, which ensures an increase in profit, but in the first stages of the implementation of this strategy, you can face an increase in expenses without an increase in income; scaling creates additional business risks, which leads to increased costs and requires increased control over business processes, etc. The components of this strategy are determined: a high-quality and mature product, the demand for which significantly exceeds the supply, sufficient margin for all participants, reliable partners, and a clear business model based on the optimization of internal and external business processes. It is noted that the basis of effective scaling is: the introduction of innovations; improvement of the marketing component; systematic and qualitative analysis of markets, company potential and expansion opportunities. It was established that such a strategy requires: the creation of an effective and optimal organizational structure; communication systems; changes in management approaches; motivation and synchronization of the work of the project team; involvement of business development specialists; delegation of powers and management functions. It was found that business scaling in the face of modern challenges is not only a source of its growth, but thanks to the flexibility, maneuverability, and quick adaptation of this strategy, it is also a guarantee of protecting the company from adverse changes. Even if the project (business) is local, a successfully found niche will make it possible to make it large-scale.

Disaster recovery plan implementation evaluation model at the corporation

The application of information technology in addition to making internal business processes more effective and efficient, is also to improve customer service. This role is important for companies to maintain the sustainability of information systems as a strategic tool for competitive advantage so system availability is absolutely essential. Research related to the Disaster Recovery Plan (DRP) needs to be carried out to see the readiness of a corporation to build a backup system in different places and locations. By using the method of factor analysis and regression analysis to form an evaluation model, it will obtain an overview of what factors must be considered and what the current conditions are. The results of the study show that there are Core Technical DRP, Organizational Preparation, and Costing factors which are the main variables in supporting DRP readiness. The conclusion from this study, through these three new factors a mathematical model can be built as a reference for improving DRP implementation in corporations.

The influence of balanced scorecard perspectives on the firms’ performance: Evidence from the banks in the developing market

The main purpose of this research is to examine the effect of balanced scorecard (BSC) perspectives (financial, customer, internal business process, and learning and growth) on banks’ performance. The required data was collected through a questionnaire from 15 Jordanian banks. Using Statistical Packages for Social Sciences (SPSS) to analyse the data, the results show that financial, customer, and internal business process perspectives significantly positively affect the banks’ performance. While perspectives of learning and growth have an insignificant influence on banks’ performance. This result indicates that Jordanian banks have to pay more attention to the learning and growth perspective whenever they want to enhance their performance. This research contributes to the current literature regarding the association between the BSC and the firm’s performance by determining how the BSC perspectives affect the performance of the firms in one of the developing countries (Jordan). Implications of this study are multifaceted for the banks’ managers, regulatory bodies, and decision-makers. The current research suggests that decision-makers and managers have to use BSC as a strategic tool since it positively affects firms’ performance, due to the firms struggling to develop and enhance their performance. BSC perspectives can be considered as a suitable and useful tool to resolve such issues.

МЕТОДИКА ОПРЕДЕЛЕНИЯ ЭФФЕКТИВНЫХ КАНАЛОВ СБЫТА В ОПТОВОЙ ТОРГОВЛЕ МАЛОГО ПРЕДПРИНИМАТЕЛЬСТВА В СОВРЕМЕННЫХ УСЛОВИЯХ

With the growing availability of digital tools in the wholesale trade of small businesses, it became possible to automate internal business processes and integrate with the business processes of external counterparties, which inevitably led to the transformation of product distribution patterns, raising the question of the effectiveness of using traditional distribution channels in the new realities. The author proposed possible models for the transformation of product distribution and developed a methodology for determining effective sales channels in the conditions of the digital economy and the development of logistics services. In the course of the study, the author identified the main vectors for identifying effective sales channels, which require mandatory analysis of their impact on the calculation results. Based on the results of the study, the author developed practical recommendations for managers of wholesale small business companies, taking into account the level of their entrepreneurial competence and access to qualified personnel, in the form of designating possible models of transformation of product distribution and methods for calculating effective distribution channels, taking into account new opportunities.