Intermediate Grade Students Research Articles

The effect of instructional design according to Neural Branching Strategies for Acquisition of biological concepts and analytical thinking skills for the third intermediate grade students

هدف البحث الى التعرف على أثر تصميم تعليمي وفقا لأستراتيجيات التفكير المتشعب في اكتساب المفاهيم الاحيائية ومهارات التفكير التحليلي لطالبات الصف الثالث المتوسط، ولتحقيق هدف البحث اعتمدت الباحثتان التصميم التجريبي ذا الضبط الجزئي، اذ تألفت عينة البحث من (62) طالبة من طالبات الصف الثالث المتوسط، بواقع (32) طالبة في المجموعة التجريبية التي درست على وفق التصميم التعليمي لاستراتيجيات التفكير المتشعب, و(30) طالبة في المجموعة الضابطة التي درست على وفق الطريقة الاعتيادية، تم إجراء التكافؤ بين المجموعتين في بعض المتغيرات (العمر، والذكاء، والمعلومات السابقة، والتفكير التحليلي). قامت الباحثتان بإعداد أداتي البحث وهي (اختبار اكتساب المفاهيم الاحيائية، واختبار مهارات التفكير التحليلي)، وتم التأكد من الخصائص السايكومترية لهما. طبقت الباحثتين الاختبارين على مجموعتي البحث، وقد اظهرت النتائج تفوق طالبات المجموعة التجريبية على طالبات المجموعة الضابطة في اكتساب المفاهيم الاحيائية ومهارات التفكير التحليلي

The Effect of Neal's model on the Deep Understanding Of The Students Of The Third Intermediate Grade in Chemistry

The research aimed to find out the impact of Neel's model on the deep understanding of the third intermediate grade students in chemistry, and n Experimental design with partial control (comprised of an experimental group and a control group) was chosen. Thirty-three (33) of them were pupils from the same grade at Al-Riyadh High School for Baghdad Al-Karkh General Directorate of Education / 3 for the collegiate year (2022-2023 AD) The study sample was rewarded with the following: (intelligence, chronological age in months, previous knowledge, and deep understanding), and the researcher relied on the deep understanding test tool, and its validity and stability we discovered, and the scientific material was chosen and prepared in the form of plans (for both groups) for The research sample was used, and it was statistically analyzed using the software program Statistics. The data were then interpreted by the researcher, who then presented many directives and some ideas.

The Impact of the Distributed Training Method on Motor Building Learning when selecting from a number of Team and Individual Games for First Intermediate Grade Students


 AbstractThe aim of the research is to expound the impact of the distributed training method used by an experimental group and the method used in the school by a control group on motor building learning for the purpose of selecting from a number of team and individual games for students of the first intermediate grade. The researchers used the experimental method appropriate to the nature of the study, and the population of the study consisted of (232) students of the first intermediate grade in the Al-Shumookh Intermediate School for Boys in Nineveh Governorate. The study sample consisted of (30) students, representing (12.93%) of the population of the study and were randomly distributed into two (15) students experimental and control groups. The researcher adopted a questionnaire form, personal interviews, and scientific tests, measurements observation as means of collecting information. Parity between the four study groups was done for each of the variables (age, height, mass, some mental abilities, i.e. (attention and intelligence) and some physical and motor factors that affect motor building learning of a number of team and individual games in addition to some football skills and some athletics activities (under study). The school educational curriculum (Physical Education Teacher Guide for Intermediate Grades) was implemented by the control group while the distributed training method was implemented by the experimental group. The two training programs consisted of (36) educational units, (18) for each group, two educational units per week, and the time of each educational unit was (45) minutes. the researchers reached a number conclusions, the most important of which is that the educational program of distributed training method and the control group program (the school method) positively impacted the motor building learning of a number of team and individual games among first-grade intermediate students.In selecting between games, triple and complex motor building in team games was superior for those in individual games .In selecting between motor building types, complex motor building was superior to dual and triple motor building in team games, while dual motor building was superior to triple motor building in individual games among first-grade intermediate students,
 

The Effect of Educational Curriculum according to a Multi-Level Method on Students’ Motor Fluency and Learning the Skill of Forehand Tennis Table

The study aimed to prepare an educational curriculum according to a multi-level method of kinetic fluency and to learn the skill of the frontal hit with table tennis, as the researcher used the experimental method to design the experimental and control groups with the pre and post tests, on a sample of the first intermediate grade students, who are (20) students divided into Two groups, each group (10), the results of the post-tests between the two groups showed that there are significant differences between the arithmetic averages between the results of the two groups and in favor of the experimental group with (the multi-level method). The front is table tennis.

A Feasibility Study in Virtual Assessment Procedures of a Sentence-Writing Probe for Use With Intermediate-Grade Students

This article reports on the development and initial feasibility of virtual assessment procedures for a sentence-writing probe for remote instructional purposes with intermediate-grade students. The study included a sample of 15 intermediate-grade children. The sentence-writing probe was administered through video conferencing software, an innovation of the times, across three sessions separated by 2 weeks. Scores derived from sentence probes included total number of words, a sentence accuracy score, and a word accuracy score, which were compared across time points. Results indicated no statistically significant differences across time points for the entire sample for all measures except the total number of words at Time 2. Measures obtained from the sentence-writing probe were significantly correlated with standardized measures of oral language. Findings from this study support the proof of concept that virtual assessment procedures can be used to assess sentence-level writing in intermediate-grade students. Future directions are provided regarding the utility of remote instruction for assessment purposes, the types of scores derived from measures, and future plans to scale up the assessment for use in research studies and as a curriculum-based evaluation tool.

How Do Intermediate Grade Students With and Without Language-Based Learning Disabilities Use Noun Phrases in Narrative Writing?

Noun phrase usage and elaboration is an important feature of literate language. In this study, we described noun phrase usage and elaboration in the narrative writing samples of intermediate grade students with and without language-based learning disabilities. Narrative writing samples from 64 students in fourth through sixth grades were coded for five types of noun phrases using coding procedures adapted from prior research. Noun phrase ratios (NPR) were calculated for each type of noun phrase evaluated in the study. NPRs represented the proportion of noun phrases to total clauses produced in the sample. Students in this study included all five types of noun phrases in their narrative writing to varying degrees. Between-group differences were observed in the frequency of complex noun phrase usage. Significant relationships between NPRs, analytic writing measures, and a standardized reading measure were observed. Noun phrase usage is an important consideration for both theoretical and clinical purposes. Findings from this study are related to theoretical models of writing and levels of language frameworks. The clinical relevance for noun phrase assessment and intervention for intermediate grade students with language-based learning disability is discussed.

The Effectiveness of Two Strategies R.A.A.F And Immediate Feedback in Achievement of Physics of Second Year Intermediate Students

The research aimed to identify the effectiveness of teaching by using R.A.A.F and immediate feedback strategies in the achievement of the second intermediate grade students in physics. The study sampled (88) students, (29) students in the first experimental group , ( 30) students in the second experimental group and (29) students in the control group of the students of the second intermediate grade in Al-Israa Intermediate School. Students of the first experimental group studied with R.A.A.F strategy, studied students of the second experimental group by the immediate feedback strategy, and the students of the control group studied in the traditional method. The researcher prepared an achievement test for physics consisting of 40 multiple-choice items and achieved its validity and stability. The results indicated that the two experimental groups outperformed the control groups in achievement. There were no statistical differences between the students of the two experimental groups. In light of the results, the researcher confirmed the effectiveness of R.A.A.F strategies and immediate feedback and made several recommendations and proposals.

The Impact of using some Practice Scheduling Methods on Learning of motor Building for a number of Football and athletics skills for the first Intermediate grade students

The study aimed at expounding the impacts of a number of practice scheduling methods that were used in the educational programs of three experimental groups and the control group that used the followed style in the school in learning the motor building and comparing the results of the post-test between the three experimental groups that used some of the practice method and the control group that used the style followed in the school in learning the motor building of students of the first intermediate grade in a number of football and athletics skills . The researchers used the experimental method appropriate to the nature of the study, the research community was (232) students of the first intermediate class in Al-Shumookh Intermediate School for boys distributed on )4(classes as for the sample of the study it was taken on the intentional approach and it was distributed on three experimental group and one is a controlling group and it was taken randomly by choosing (15) students for each group which means that the number was (60) students. The researcher adopted the design that he called called “Designing the equivalent group with the pre & post-test” and the adopted a design that is called “Designing the stable equivalent group with the post-test observation also they have done a questionnaire from ,personal interviews ,scientific observation tests ,measurements ,and a form for redressing the operant building. A party is done between the groups of the research in a number of variables (age, height mass, mental abilities (attention, intelligence) and some physical and motor factors that affect motor building learning of a number of team and individual game). The educational program of the school which is (The style used in the school) and (A guide for the teacher of the physical education for the intermediate school) are applied on the control group, Also the special educational programs were applied with the styles of the scheduling practice on the experimental groups and these programs has (72) educational unit with (18) educational unit for each group they are done twice a week in )45(minutes. The researchers conclude that the educational programs concerning the styles of the scheduling practices (the distributed, the intensive & the random) and the special program with the control group (the followed style in the school) has affected positively in learning the mobile building for a number of football and athletics skills.

Analysis of the Language Activities Content Included in the Book "Lughaty Alkhalidah" (My Immortal Language) for the Third Intermediate Grade Students in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia in the light of Critical Thinking Skills

Objectives: The purpose of this study is to analyze the level of inclusion of critical thinking skills in language activities of the book "My Immortal Language", for third intermediate grade students in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
 Methods: For achieving the purpose of the study, the descriptive analytical approach was used, by the content analysis method, and the sample consisted of the content of language activities in the" book "My Immortal Language for third intermediate grade students" in both parts (student and activity) in the first and second semesters. The list of critical thinking skills and content analysis card design was created, which included six key skills (interpretation, analysis, evaluation, conclusion, explanation, self-regulation), and falls under it (21) sub-skills.
 Results: The results showed that the average inclusion of critical thinking skills in the content of language activities in My Immortal Language for the third intermediate grade was (16.67%) at a "very low" level. The first-place interpretation skill was "medium" inclusion level with 41.0%, then the followed by conclusion skill at a "low" level with (26.7%). In third place was the skill of self-regulation with a "low" level with (25.4%), and the fourth was the evaluation skill with a "very low" level with 5.4%). In fifth place was the explanation skill at "very low" with (1.4%), and finally the analysis skill that was not included in the content at (0%).
 Conclusions: The study recommends the need to develop critical thinking skills through the content of the book's language activities in a comprehensive and balanced manner.

Chatting Via Whats App for Developing Students’ Writing Skill

The current study aims at examining whether text chatting via WhatsApp using mobile phones has any effect on the development of student’ writing skills. The experiment was held in the second half of 2022/2023 academic year, which lasted for two months. The current study uses quantitative theory. Pre and posttest was used in the study as a data collection tool. The data collected were analyzed using SPSS Software. Population consisted of all the 82 students of the third intermediate grade. The sample of the study consisted of 50 students who were chosen randomly by the researcher. The research divided the study sample into two groups (experimental and control), each group consisted equally of 25 students. Before conducting the experiment, the researcher conducted a pre-test to find out the both groups’ writing competency before starting the experiment. Two months later, the researcher conducted a post-test using the same test that was used before the experiment and under the same conditions, to see if there was, any statistically significant differences in the experimental students’ mean scores after using the new method of teaching. In other words, to find any development in the students’ performance using the text chat method via WhatsApp. After analyzing the data, the study revealed that there was a clear development in the students’ performance in favor of the experimental group students. This indicates that the use of text chat using WhatsApp had a positive and influential effect on developing the writing skill of the third intermediate grade students.

The effect of numbered heads strategy on the achievement of intermediate second-grade students in mathematics and their attitudes toward it

The aim of the research was to identify (the effect of numbered heads strategy on the achievement of intermediate second-grade students in mathematics and their attitudes towards it); the research sample consisted of (64) intermediate-grade students, distributed into two groups: experimental by (30) students, and control by ( 34) Students. The researcher studied mathematics for students of the experimental group according to the numbered heads strategy, and students of the control group according to the usual method; the researcher prepared an achievement test consisting of (30) objective paragraphs of the type of "multiple choice", and a measure of the direction towards mathematics consisting of (36) paragraphs There are three alternatives (approved, neutral, disagree) distributed equally across six areas by (6) paragraphs for each field, and their validity and stability have been verified; the two tools were applied to students of the two groups, and the results showed: There is a statistically significant difference at the level of significance (0 , 05) among the mean scores of the experimental group students who N. They studied with the numbered heads strategy and the average score of the control group students who studied in the usual way in the achievement test and the measure of the direction towards mathematics for the benefit of the experimental group students.

The impact of the "Think-Pair-Participate" strategy on the science processes of the first intermediate grade students

يمتاز عصرنا الحالي بكونه عصرا ً متسارع في جميع المجالات وخصوصا ً على الصعيد المعرفي لذا وجب الاهتمام باستراتيجيات التعليم والتعلم والدور الفعال الذي تؤديه في تحسين بيئة التعلم وزيادة التفاعل بين المُعلم والمتعلم للوصول إلى نتائج تربوية مواكبة لروح العصر ومحققة لطموحات التربويين, وتكمن مشكلة البحث الحالي بالطرائق التقليدية المعتمدة في المدارس حاليا ً, إذ ان بعضها لا تتلاءم مع التطور العلمي المعاصر لذا تم تحديد مشكلة البحث الحالي في السؤال الآتي : " ما أثر إستراتيجية " فكر- زاوج- شارك " في عمليات العلم لطالبات الصف الأول المتوسط ؟" وقد هدف البحث الى معرفة أثر إستراتيجية (فكر- زاوج- شارك) في عمليات العلم لطالبات الصف الأول المتوسط . ولغرض تحقيق هدف البحث وضعت الفرضية الصفرية الآتية " لا توجد فروق ذات دلالة إحصائية عند مستوى (0,05) بين متوسط درجات طالبات المجموعة التجريبية التي درست وفقا ًلإستراتيجية (فكر- زاوج- شارك) ومتوسط درجات طالبات المجموعة الضابطة التي درست على وفق الطريقة الاعتيادية في اختبار عمليات العلم. ولأجل التحقق من صحة هذه الفرضية أجرت الباحثة تجربة استغرقت فصلا ً دراسيا ً كاملا ً واعتمدت الباحثة المنهج التجريبي ذي المجموعات المتكافئة ذي الاختبار البعدي لعمليات العلم لدى الطالبات, تمثلت عينة البحث بطالبات الصف الأول المتوسط في إحدى المدارس النهارية التابعة لمديرية تربية بغداد/ الرصافة الأولى, موزعة على شعبتين, احدهما مثلت المجموعة التجربية (33) طالبة درست على وفق إستراتيجية (فكر- زاوج- شارك TPS) والأخرى مثلت المجموعة الضابطة (34) طالبة, وتمت مكافأة المجموعتين في متغير (الذكاء, العمر, المعلومات السابقة, عمليات العلم). قامت الباحثة بإعداد أداة البحث المتمثلة باختبار عمليات العلم مكون من (30) فقرة موضوعية من نوع (الاختيار من متعدد), وقد حُسبت الصعوبة والقوة التمييزية وفعالية البدائل الخاطئة لكل فقرة من فقرات الاختبار, وحساب الصدق له وبعدها تم استخراج ثبات الاختبار باستعمال معادلة (كيودر- ريتشاردسون20) إذ بلغ ثبات اختبار عمليات العلم (0,815).

The impact of the learning cycle on the achievement of the third intermediate grade students in Arabic grammar and memorization

يرمي البحث الى معرفة أثر دورة التعلم في تحصيل طلاب الصف الثالث المتوسط في مادة قواعد اللغة العربية والاحتفاظ بها . وذلك من خلال التحقق من الفرضيتين الصفريتين الآتيتين :- ( ليس هناك فرق ذو دلالة احصائية عند مستوى (05,0) بين متوسط تحصيل الطلاب الذين يدرسون قواعد اللغة العربية باستعمال دورة التعلم ومتوسط تحصيل الطلاب الذين يدرسون قواعد اللغة العربية بالطريقة الاعتيادية ( الاستقرائية ) في الاختبار البعدي ). ( ليس هناك فرق ذو دلالة احصائية عند مستوى (05,0) بين متوسط تحصيل الطلاب الذين يدرسون قواعد اللغة العربية باستعمال دورة التعلم ومتوسط تحصيل الطلاب الذين يدرسون قواعد اللغة العربية بالطريقة الاعتيادية ( الاستقرائية ) في اختيار الاحتفاظ ). بلغ عدد افراد العينة (54) طالباً مثلت المجموعة التجريبية بـ (26) طالباً التي درست بطريقة دورة التعلم و (28) طالباً في المجموعة الضابطة التي درست بالطريقة الاعتيادية ( الاستقرائية ). تم تكافؤ مجموعتي البحث في متغيرات الآتية (العمر الزمني، ودرجات نصف السنة في مادة اللغة العربية للعام الدراسي 2012 – 2013 ، والتحصيل الدراسي للآباء والامهات) اعد اختيار تحصيلي شمل ( 30 ) فقرة من نوع اختيار من متعد بأربع بدائل اداة البحث

The effect of teaching chemistry using the Gordon learning model on the acquisition of Intermediate first grade students for science operations

هدف البحث الحالي التعرف على أثر تدريس الكيمياء بأنموذج Gordon التعلمي في اكتساب طلاب الصف الاول المتوسط لعمليات العلم . وللتحقق من هدف البحث وضع الباحثان فرضية صفرية تنص على أنه : لا يوجد فرق ذو دلالة إحصائية بين متوسط درجات طلاب المجموعة التجريبية الذي درسوا وفقاً لأنموذج (Gordon) ومتوسط درجات طلاب المجموعة الضابطة الذي درسوا بالطريقة الاعتيادية عند مستوى (0.05) في اختبار اكتساب عمليات العلم .

The Effects of Two Strategies N.R.E and Forest (picture by1000 word) in Acquisition the physical concepts of second intermediate Grade students and their creative thinking.

يهدف البحث الحالي تعرف أثر استراتيجيتي N.R.Eو فورست في اكتساب المفاهيم الفيزيائية لطلاب الصف الثاني المتوسط و تفكيرهم الابداعي ، و قد اختيرت العينة عشوائياً من متوسطة الصادق الامين للبنين التابعة إلى المديرية العامة لتربية بغداد / الرصافة الثانية ، تكونت عينة البحث من ثلاث مجموعات تجريبيتين وضابطة بلغ عدد أفرادها (99) طالباً ، التجريبية الاولى (33) طالباً درست وفق استراتيجية N.R.E والتجريبية الثانية (32) طالباً درست وفق استراتيجية فورست والضابطة بلغ عدد أفرادها (34) طالباً درِّست على وفق الطريقة الاعتيادية و تم التأكد من تكافؤ طلاب العينة في المتغيرات ( العمر الزمني ، اختبار المعلومات السابقة في مادة الفيزياء للصف الأول المتوسط ، مقياس التفكير الابداعي )، و قد تم إعداد مجموعة من الخطط التدريسية مرتبطة بالمنهج المقرر و بأهداف كل درس لأربعة فصول من كتاب الفيزياء المقرر للصف الثاني المتوسط ، أعد الباحث اختبار اكتساب المفاهيم تألف من ( 45 ) فقرة من الفقرات الموضوعية من نوع الاختيار من متعدد و قد تم التحقق من الصدق والثبات ،و تبنى الباحث مقياس التفكير الابداعي اختبار تورنس بصيغته اللفظية لكونه يتلاءم مع المرحلة العمرية التي تم تطبيق البحث عليها ويتضمن الاختبار مهارة الطلاقة ، ومهارة الاصالة ، ومهارة المرونة وتم التأكد من صدقه الظاهري ثم حُسب معامل ثباته بطريقة إعادة الاختبار فكان معامل ارتباط بيرسون (0.89)، طُبِّقَت التجربة في الكورس الدراسي الثاني من العام الدراسي ( 2016/2017 ) بعدها طُبِق اختبار اكتساب المفاهيم و مقياس التفكير الابداعي على مجاميع البحث و بتجميع البيانات وتحليلها باستخدام الوسائل الاحصائية المناسبة ، اظهرت النتائج على النحو الآتي ( وجود فروق دالة احصائياً بين متوسطات درجات طلاب المجموعتين التجريبيتين الاولى والثانية وطلاب المجموعة الضابطة في متغيري التحصيل والتفكير الابداعي لصالح التجريبيتين) ، ولم تظهر فروق دالة احصائيا بين طلاب المجموعتين التجريبيتين في المتغيرين ، وفي ضوء ذلك وضع الباحث عدداً من التوصيات والمقترحات.

The effect of using the digital (smart) whiteboard on the achievement and retention of the first intermediate grade students in geography

تهدف الدراسة الحالية إلى التعرف: 1- أثر استعمال السبورة الرقمية(الذكية) ، في تحصيل طلاب الصف الأول المتوسط في مادة الجغرافية . 2- اثر استعمال السبورة الرقمية(الذكية) ، في استبقاء المعلومات الجغرافية لدى طلاب الصف الاول المتوسط . ومن أجل تحقيق هدفا البحث صيغت الفرضيتان الصفريتان الآتيتان: 1- لا توجد فروق ذات دلالة إحصائية عند مستوى (0،05) بين متوسط درجات التحصيل الجغرافي لدى طلاب المجموعة التجريبية الذين يدرسون المادة وفق استعمال السبورة الرقمية (الذكية) ، ومتوسط درجات التحصيل الجغرافي لدى طلاب المجموعة الضابطة الذين يدرسون وفق الطريقة الاعتيادية . 2- لاتوجد فروق ذات دلالة احصائية عند مستوى (0،05) بين متوسط درجات استبقاء الطلاب في المجموعة التجريبية الذين يدرسون وفق استعمال السبورة الرقمية (الذكية) ومتوسط درجات استبقاء الطلاب في المجموعة الضابطة الذين يدرسون وفق الطريقة الاعتيادية . أقتصر البحث الحالي على: 1- حدود بشرية:- طلاب المدارس المتوسطة والثانوية (الحكومية) النهارية فقط. 2- حدود مكانية:- مركز محافظة بغداد 3- حدود علمية:- المادة العلمية ضمن محتوى كتاب الاجتماعيات المقرر تدريسه من قبل وزارة التربية جمهورية العراق . 4- حدود زمنية للعام الدراسي 2017- 2018. أعتمد الباحث تصميماً تجريبياً ذا ضبط جزئي ولمجموعتين، إحداهما تجريبية والأخرى ضابطة، وقد اختيرت متوسطة العلم قصديا عينة للبحث الحالي، وشعبة (أ) لتمثل المجموعة التجريبية البالغ عدد طلابها (30) طالباً، وشعبة (ج) لتمثل المجموعة الضابطة البالغ عدد طلابها (30) طالباً، وبعد استبعاد الطلاب الراسبين في كل شعبة أصبح العدد النهائي لعينة البحث (56) طالبا، وكافأ الباحث إحصائياً بين طلاب مجموعتي البحث في بعض المتغيرات التي يمكن أن تؤثر في نتائج التجربة، وهذه المتغيرات هي: (العمر الزمني محسوباً بالشهور، التحصيل الدراسي السابق في مادة الجغرافية ، اختبار الذكاء (رافن). وحدد الباحث المادة العلمية وصاغ الاهداف السلوكية لكل المحتوى العلمي الذي شملتة التجربة وتم اعداد الخطط التدريسية كما أعد الباحث اختبارا للتحصيل تم التحقق من صدقه وبلغ معامل ثباته بطريقة التجزئة النصفية (81،0) وتم تصحيحه باستعمال معادلة سبيرمان براون فبلغ (0،85) وضم هذا الاختبار(30) فقرة من نوع الاختيار من متعدد، لكل فقرة أربعة بدائل إحداها صحيحة والأخريات خاطئة ، بدأت التجربة يوم الأحد الموافق 2/10/2017 وانتهت يوم الثلاثاء الموافق 2/1/ 2018 درّس الباحث بنفسه مجموعتي البحث وبعد انتهائها طُبق اختبار التحصيل البعدي والاستبقاء على طلاب مجموعتي البحث بفارق زمني مدته اسبوعين، ولتحليل البيانات استعمل الباحث الوسائل الإحصائية الآتية: الاختبار التائي (T-test) لعينتين مستقلتين و مربع كاي و معامل ارتباط بيرسون و معادلة سبيرمان براون و معادلة صعوبة الفقرة و معادلة تمييز الفقرة و معادلة فاعلية البدائل الخاطئة ، وبعد تحليل البيانات إحصائيا توصل الباحث إلى الآتي: تفوق طلاب المجموعة التجريبية على طلاب المجموعة الضابطة في اختبار التحصيل البعدي وفي ضوء نتائج البحث أوصى الباحث باستعمال السبورة الرقمية(الذكية) في تدريس مادة الجغرافية للصف الاول المتوسط، لما لها من اثر ايجابي في مساعدة الطلاب على التحصيل وأقترح إجراء دراسات مماثلة للدراسة الحالية على مراحل ومواد دراسية أخرى وفي متغيرات تابعة أخرى .

Language ability and its relationship to the development of speaking and writing skills for third -grade intermediate students

The aim of the research is to identify: (Language ability and its relationship to the development of speaking and writing skills for third-grade intermediate students) To achieve the goal of the research, the researcher put zero hypotheses about the relationship of language ability to the development of my speaking and writing skills. The researcher chose a sample of (240) students from the third intermediate grade students. In (Martyr Ali Alyan Intermediate School for Boys, Cairo Intermediate School for Boys, and Martyr Saeed Ali Intermediate School for Boys) By a random phased method, in order to achieve the goal and reveal the linguistic ability, the researcher adopted a scale (Abdul Razzaq, 2018). Which consists of (15) paragraphs, and to measure speaking skill, the researcher prepared a scale, which consists of (40) paragraphs. And after verifying the validity and stability of the two approved scales, the stability coefficient of each of the two scales was calculated using the (Alpha Korn Bach) equation. All paragraphs of the two scales were of the type of declarative expressions according to gradual alternatives to the answer (always, often, sometimes, no) and with relative weights (0,1,2,3), respectively. In order to measure the writing skill of the third intermediate grade students, the researcher chose a topic for writing which is “Goals and ambitions are not achieved by wishful thinking, but by the will that makes miracles.” He talked about that, he talked about it in an article in which it was found that whoever has the will and determination is able to overcome difficulties no matter how great they are. The researcher applied the two scales and after analyzing and processing the data contained in the research statistically using the statistical bag for social sciences (spss) and the results showed the following; - Linguistic ability has an impact on developing my speaking and writing skills. -There is a statistically significant relationship at the level (0.05) between the three research variables for third-grade intermediate students.

The Effectiveness of a Proposed Strategy Based on the Linguistic Analysis Approach in Acquiring Grammatical Concepts among Intermediate Second Grade Students

In light of the research objective and hypotheses, the researcher reached the following results:
 - There is a statistically significant difference at the level (0.05) between the average scores of the experimental group students who study Arabic grammar according to the linguistic analysis strategy and the average scores of the control group students who study Arabic grammar according to the usual (traditional) method in the concept acquisition test Grammar and for the benefit of the experimental group.
 The researcher followed the experimental design with two equal groups: the experimental and the control, with two tests, pre and post tests. When Al-Ameen Intermediate School for Boys, Division (B), became a control group, its students are taught in the usual way, as the research sample reached (60) students, which included two divisions. Subordinate to Al-Ameen Intermediate School for Boys (30) students of the control group. The researcher used the grammatical concepts acquisition test and the research tool. In light of the results, the researcher reached a number of conclusions, including:
 - The possibility of applying the linguistic analysis strategy to second-grade intermediate students in Arabic grammar
 The necessity of providing teachers with a book that includes all modern methods of teaching, including the linguistic analysis strategy, to choose the method that suits the teacher.

Scientific inquiry skills and their relationship to achievement in chemistry for third-intermediate students

The current research aimed to identify the skills of scientific investigation and achievement in chemistry among third-grade intermediate students, as well as to identify the strength and direction of the relationship between the research variables, and the descriptive correlative approach was adopted. The average in schools affiliated to the Directorate of Education / Karkh third in Baghdad by (2%) of the research community of (22,148) male and female students for the academic year (2021-2022). Measurement, classification, conclusion, extrapolation, prediction, communication, use of space and time relationships, procedural definition, controlling variables, imposing hypotheses, experimental design, and data interpretation) by 50 items (multiple choice). (40) paragraphs, including (35) objective paragraphs of a multiple-choice type with four alternatives and (5) essay paragraphs. Psychometrics of the two tools using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS+22) The statistical results showed the following: 1) The third intermediate grade students have a good achievement in chemistry as a result of their perseverance and scientific efforts; 2) The third intermediate grade students have sufficient scientific inquiry skills; 3) There is a correlation between scientific inquiry skills and achievement.

The effectiveness of the gradual change strategy in the achievement of the second intermediate grade students in the subject of design elements and principles

The current research aims to know the effectiveness of the gradual change strategy in the achievement of second-grade intermediate students in the subject of elements and principles of design. To study this, the researcher determined to build teaching plans for the design elements and principles according to the gradual change strategy. The results of this research showed the following: The effectiveness of teaching plans according to (the gradual change strategy) in collecting the design elements and principles for the experimental group students. Which had a positive effect on cognitive achievement, to reach the desired results.