Ministry Of Interior Research Articles

The characteristics of e-scooter accidents reported by police in Türkiye

Objectives Shared e-scooter service has been offered by various operators in Türkiye since 2019. The use of private and shared e-scooters is increasing, especially in large cities. This raises social concerns about the dangers e-scooters pose regarding traffic safety and injuries requiring medical attention. This study aims to investigate the accidents related to e-scooters in Türkiye to determine the contributing factors and accident characteristics. Methods In this study, accident reports (collision reports) for 780 e-scooter collisions that occurred in 2021 in Türkiye were examined, and 771 accidents were included. Accident data were obtained from the Traffic Department of the Ministry of Interior, General Directorate of Security. Descriptive statistics of the factors affecting e-scooter accidents are presented to determine the relationship and differences; chi-square tests, independent samples t-tests, one-way analysis of variance, and binary logistic regression methods were used. Results Male e-scooter riders are involved in crashes and injured approximately 4 times more often than female riders. The average age for men injured in e-scooter accidents is 30.4, and the mean age for women is 27.2. For both males and females, most injuries occurred in the 15 to 20 age group. Riders under the age of 18 constitute a significant proportion of the accidents (32.5%). Most e-scooter accidents occur on Mondays and during the month of August. Most accidents occurred between 12:00 p.m. and 1:59 p.m. (15.7%) and between 4:00 p.m. and 5:59 p.m. (15.7%), mainly during the daytime. About half of the accidents occurred at intersections. In 10.5% of accidents, the accident occurred at a pedestrian crossing. Approximately one-fifth of the accidents involved falls, and the most common type of collision was a side collision (44.2%). The binary logistic regression model showed that multivehicle accidents occur more often at intersections and during busy traffic hours. Single-vehicle accidents are more common on concrete roads and stone block roads. Conclusions Deaths and injuries caused by road traffic accidents are a public health problem in Türkiye and constitute a significant health burden. If necessary precautions are not taken, this burden is likely to increase. We hope that the findings from this study will help reduce e-scooter accidents in Türkiye.

Risk assessment of landslides: Low probability scenario for the town of Kavarna, northern Black Sea coast of Bulgaria

As part of the Reimbursable Advisory Services on Accelerating Resilience to Disaster Risks, the World Bank worked with the Interior Ministry of Bulgaria to develop a proposal for the National Disaster Risk Profile of Bulgaria. The purpose of this document, which is the fourth technical annex to the proposal for the National Disaster Risk Profile, is to provide particular conclusions, information, and techniques that were utilised to evalu-ate the risk of landslides in Bulgaria. For the first time at the national level, landslide risk assessment procedures based on ISO/IEC 31010:2019 Risk assessment techniques are being developed and applied in Bulgaria. The five primary categories in which the results are presented are physical safety, economic security, social well-being, environmental security, and security of tangible assets and critical infrastructure. The uncertainty (confidence) parameter is utilised, and it is subdivided into the following three basic categories: low uncertainty, medium uncertainty, and high uncertainty. The produced results demonstrate consistent applicability to empirical data analysis and real-world situations.

Dividing the Periphery: The First Decade of Jurisdictional Delineation Between Development Towns and Regional Councils in The State of Israel

ABSTRACT: The distribution of land in peripheral areas during Israel's first decade stemmed, it is generally held, from the discriminatory practices of Mapai, then the country's dominant political party, against Mizrahi Jews. The present article seeks to shed light on hitherto unexamined aspects of jurisdictional delineation, with a focus on the balance of power between Ofakim and the Merhavim Regional Council, and the circumstances, considerations and ramifications of the decisions taken by Israel's Ministry of Interior. Although the circumstances which led the Ministry to adopt its decisions entailed geographical segregation that led to potential economic inequality, the decisions themselves were not, as revealed by archival material, purposely discriminatory, at least not on ethnic grounds, and the economic inequality was not an inevitable result of those decisions.

Iraq’s Ministry of Interior: NATO, Capability Building, and Reform

Iraq’s Ministry of Interior: NATO, Capability Building, and Reform

"A Magyar Rendészettudományi Társaság a következő húsz évben is biztosan megtalálja a helyét a tudomány világában” – Interjú prof. dr. Sárkány István ny. r. vezérőrnagy úrral

Major General István Sárkány, Professor Emeritus of the Ludovika University of Public Service, and an emblematic teacher of law enforcement higher education since 1973. He has been a member of the board of the Hungarian Association of Police Science from the very beginning and was also the founding president of the Criminal Section. He joined the Ministry of Interior as a lawyer, then qualified as a specialist and obtained an academic degree. He has always placed great emphasis on motivating doctoral students at the institution, and led the institution as Director General of the Police College, later as Rector and then as Dean of the Faculty of Law Enforcement between 2005 and 2012.

The Violent Legacy of Fascism: Evidence From Italy

Can legacies of fascism threaten democracies with political violence? Democracies aim to peacefully manage incompatible interests in a society. Yet, few democracies avoid violence altogether. Legacies of fascism may re-emerge because local networks can transfer their ideational tenets - supremacist identities and anti-democratism ( know what), violent practices ( know how), and paramilitary networks ( know whom) - to the new generations. Thanks to an original subnational dataset, we study if the Italian fascist movement that emerged in the 1920s affected political violence in the 1970s–1980s. The local strength of the fascist party before the institutionalization of the fascist regime predicts neofascist political violence more than forty years later. New catalysing events facilitate the resurfacing of local fascist legacies: when a Minister of Interior is appointed, we observe higher levels of neofascist violence in provinces where the early presence of the fascist party was stronger.

Advancing the labour rights of migrant workers beyond Kafala: the impact of ‘established-outsider relations’ on reforming Qatar’s transnational labour management system

In the years following Qatar’s successful 2010 bid to host the FIFA World Cup 2022, there has been a significant shift in its engagement with the migrant labour rights discourse, and subsequent embarkment on significant reforms as the result of intense international scrutiny and advocacy action. The core feature of Qatar’s historically evolved transnational labour management system, Kafala, has become a key focal point of international advocacy efforts. The objective of this article is to assess the extent to which the reforms constitute a break in Qatar’s historical (that is, pre-FIFA 2022) labour management system, and thus a meaningful disruption to the social reproduction regime that allowed the Kafala system to persist. We do so by probing the institutionalisation of those reforms, with a particular focus on the agency of labour through collective worker empowerment. Drawing on interviews with key transnational actors involved in the reform process in situ, we employ the ‘established-outsider’ relations concept in our analysis of the reforms, while highlighting the remaining challenges. Our ultimate argument is that although the reforms in Qatar seek to provide more labour rights and protections, they fall short of loosening the absolute control of sponsors (kafeels) over their employees. This is due to two main reasons: the absence of strong and effective institutions to convert the legal reforms into rights in practice; and the fact that laws outside of the labour ministry, that fall under the jurisdiction of the interior ministry, are the foundation of the relationship between citizens and migrants and remain largely untouched. These double-edged limitations guarantee the social reproduction of the highly unequal labour mobility system by firmly keeping in place ‘established-outsider’ relations.

Development and Evaluation of Flood Early Warning System for the Small Streams

As the frequency of local extreme rainfall increases due to climate change, frequent flood damage is occurring in small stream watersheds. Casualties in these small-streams can only be significantly reduced through non-structural measures, such as the development of flood early warning systems. Howeve owever, the development and evaluation of flood early warning systems have been limited due to a lack of measurement data in small streams. Recently, the National Disaster Management Institute operated five test beds for small streams across the country. A dditionally, the Ministry of Interior and Safety, along with local governments, established a smart measurement and management system for approximately 10% of all small streams, totaling 2,200, by 2027, making it possible to secure measurement data in small streams. Considering onsidering the flow characteristics of small streams, an optimization system is developed using the rainfall-discharge nomograph and rating curve rather than a numerical-based method that requires considerable calculation time. To evaluate the developed system, the discharge and depth data measured at the time of a flood accident on August 16, 2021, are compared on a one-to-one basis with the prediction results. The prediction results show that the measured discharge and depth distribution of the five small streams over time were accurately reproduced. Based on these results, the developed rainfall-discharge nomograph and rating curve are expected to serve as effective tools to support flood early warning systems.

The Impact of Strategic Change on Digital Governance: An Analytical study in Iraqi Interior Ministry

Abstract: This research seeks to clarify the impact of strategic change with its four dimensions (readiness for change, change goals, change plan, and change management) on digital governance in the Iraqi Ministry of Interior, where this organization has a well-established and stable organizational culture due to the nature and requirements of the security sector and its employees, who are characterized by high respect for the organization’s culture, under conditions that require to adapt to rapid changes by choosing modern means and methods such as digital governance to achieve goals accurately and quickly. The research tested a group of departments and directorates that express a variety of military and civilian categories . The main role of the ministry is to maintain security and provide services. The research was applied to a sample of the research community, which was about 324 individuals from various specializations, including commanders and their assistants from the military ranks, managers, and their assistants from the civilian employees in the ministry. A questionnaire was used in the researchas the main tool for collecting data. Several statistical tools are used for analyzing the data obtained . The most prominent result is that there is a statistically significant impact for strategic change on digital governance. Paper type: Research paper

The Devil in the Details: Changes Under Stable Trends of Femicide in Italy During COVID-19 Lockdowns

In recent decades, the issue of violence against women has increasingly drawn the attention of international and national legislators and policymakers. The term “femicide” became widespread in the early 2000s and was incorporated into the criminal codes of several countries. The onset of the COVID-19 pandemic and the subsequent social distancing measures raised significant concerns about their impact on women’s safety. This study examines the effect of COVID-19 confinement measures on femicide trends in Italy, a country which adopted stringent COVID-19 confinement measures and, since 2019, implemented new legislation to counteract violence against women. Using two data sets—one from the Italian Ministry of Interior containing 1,382 cases of female homicides (2013–2022) and another from Italian NGOs detailing 1,253 femicides according to media coverage (2012–2022)—the study employs autoregressive integrated moving average (ARIMA) analysis to assess monthly trends alongside the stringency index for COVID-19 containment efforts. The findings reveal that, although overall femicide rates remained stable during lockdowns, there was a significant shift in victim–perpetrator relationships. Specifically, from March to May 2020, there was a decline in femicides by former partners, offset by an increase in those by cohabiting partners. These results underscore the complexity of femicide and the need for further research on various facets of violence against women. This includes the potential escalation of physical and psychological violence during lockdowns, influenced by forced proximity and substance abuse in domestic environments.

The propaganda war in Iran among the former allies, 1945–1949: The Soviet perspective as seen through Soviet documents

AbstractThis article gives an interesting picture of how the Soviets viewed the propaganda war in Iran during the second half of the 1940s. It is mainly based on documents from the USSR's Ministry of Interior, the use of which is considered an innovation in the existing literature on the subject. Most of the attention of the Soviet sources discussed concerns the propaganda war, which began in 1943 between the three Allied powers that had invaded Iran during WWII, taking on the character of a combined struggle when the competition for Iranian oil was woven into the mix. To a large extent, this continued well into the years after WWII when, toward its end, it became even more intense. The main promoter of pro‐Soviet propaganda was the Tudeh party, and it was very successful in promoting the Soviet agenda in Iran, at least until the middle of 1946, mainly at the expense of British interests. In the remaining years until the end of the 1940s, the USA began to prevail in the struggle, and this was quite clear to all, including the Soviets, who admit to this openly in their situational assessment from the beginning of 1950.

Interior Minister A.A. Makarov and the newspaper campaign against Grigory Rasputin in public opinion (January-March 1912)

Interior Minister A.A. Makarov and the newspaper campaign against Grigory Rasputin in public opinion (January-March 1912)

Police Use of Deadly Force in Serbia: The Police Officers’ Perception

The use of deadly force in the Republic of Serbia is regulated by the Law on Police and the Rulebook on Police Powers. Empirical research on the use of deadly force or on refraining from the use of deadly force has never been undertaken in Serbia. Therefore, the research presented in this paper is the first on this important topic. It focuses on the use of firearms, abstinence from the use of firearms, and training in the use of firearms. In order to assess the competence of members of the Police Directorate of the Ministry of Interior of the Republic of Serbia in the use of firearms (FA), a structured questionnaire developed by using close-ended, multiple-choice questions, and 5-point Likert scale questions (1 for strongly disagree to 5 for strongly agree) was used in the study. The research was conducted from September to October 2022. The research showed that the use of deadly force by members of the police in Serbia is rare, and that it generally does not differ largely from other European countries.

Agents of Socialist Realism

This article analyzes the ways the educational- and propaganda films produced by the film studio of the Hungarian Ministry of Interior during the 1950s and 60s are part of the broader landscape of socialist realist culture. The author proposes that by tracing the transformations of the fatherly police agent figure across the productions of the film studio, we can understand how the project of socialist realism itself began to change in the aforementioned period. In this light, the police agent becomes a figure on whom the shifting epistemological status of representation under state socialism is projected.

INTERACTIVE ROLE OF STRATEGIC CLARITY IN THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN ORGANIZATIONAL CONFLICT MANAGEMENT AND STRATEGIC DECISION QUALITY

Different supervision methods usually lead to internal organizational conflicts, especially in a multi-unit organization, such as The Iraqi Ministry of Interior (IMI). In this regard, Successful organizational conflict management (OCM) is fundamentally associated with Strategic Clarity (SC) in addressing such conflicts which is also linked to the Strategic Decision Quality (SDQ). However, the complexity of the abovementioned variables is understudied especially in the governmental security-service sectors. The present study provides a comprehensive analysis of the relationships between OCM, SC and SDQ in the IMI. A questionnaire, prepared for measuring the interactive role of SC in the relationship between OCM and the SDQ, was distributed among leaders and managers of that ministry. It was evident that SC significantly enhances the relationship between OCM and SDQ in the ministry, registering a substantial interactive effect of 0.25. The study concluded that the dimensions of SC amplify the strategic connection between OCM and the high-quality SDQ made by administrative leaders in the ministry. This emphasizes the need for further integration and activation of SC as part of the strategic vision, particularly in security challenges.

The Role of Human Capital in Security Crises Management An Exploratory Study in A number of the Iraq Ministry of Interior (MOI) Departments

The research aims to assess the role of human capital (knowledge, training, capacities) and its reflection on enhancing security crises management (damage containment, recovery and learning). The sample was chosen from the leaderships at the Ministry of Interior(MOI)/Administrative and Financial Affairs Agency .The sample size was (160) and the total research community reached (230), distributed between (General Director, Directorate Director, Department Director), and for the purpose of achieving the objectives of the research, the descriptive analytical method was used, and the questionnaire was the main tool for data collection, and the conclusions were drawn from its analysis through the analytical method and statistical programs, as the dimensions of human capital have achieved paths of direct and moral impact in the security crises management .This requires paying attention to the human capital working in the agency’s formations. As well as many recommendations were presented the most important of them was the necessity of MOI /Administrative and Financial Affairs Agency focusing on the quality of human capital, for the purpose of maintaining a good relationship, especially in the security crises management.

The making and re-making of administrative regions in Ethiopia, 1907-2018: policy changes and continuities

ABSTRACT Ethiopia is one of the places in the ancient world where state formation took place, with its distinct cultural and technological advancements. Ethiopia has experienced the making and re-making of administrative regions several times in its long history. The purpose of this study was, therefore, to document the policy changes and continuities that were prevalent in the making and re-making of administrative regions in Ethiopia from 1907 to 2018. The researchers employed a qualitative research approach in the sense that both primary and secondary data were collected through document analysis and semi-structured interviews of key informants. This was followed by the selection, organization, and cross-checking of the data before it was analyzed and presented on paper. The findings of this study showed that, since the establishment of the Ministry of Interior in 1907, the rulers of Ethiopia formulated administrative policy/guideline based on their own administrative and political motives with which the country’s administrative regions were organized and reorganized. The administrative regions of the country showed little or no change from 1962 to 1991. A major shift in the administrative policy of the country, however, came about during the Ethiopian Peoples Revolutionary Democratic Front (EPRDF) rule from 1991 to 2018.

Protection enhancement strategies of potential outbreaks during Hajj.

This study aimed to assist governments and organizers of mass gathering events in reviewing existing preventive measures for disease outbreaks to inform the adoption of enhanced strategies for risk reduction and impacts on public health. A cross-sectional, quantitative, descriptive study. This study was conducted in a mass gathering of Hajj, an annual religious event in Mecca, Saudi Arabia. A convenience sample of 70 personnel working in government ministries of Saudi Arabia (Ministry of Health, Ministry of Hajj, and Ministry of Interior) and the Saudi Red Crescent Authority involved in health management in Hajj, including policy formulation and implementation. Perception and knowledge of health risks and outbreaks associated with Hajj. The majority of the respondents (60 percent) expressed concern about the potential for infection transmission during Hajj. The respondents also reported having or knowing a colleague, a friend, or a family member with a history of infection during or after Hajj. However, the respondents' knowledge of the possible modes of infection of various diseases was limited. Hajj is associated with various risks of outbreaks, and thus, better protection-enhancing measures are required. Training personnel involved in health management, including planners, coordinators, and healthcare providers, can help reduce the risks and prevent potential outbreaks.

Who Are the Stakeholders in Promoting Mental Health?

It is now confirmed that mental health promotion policies need innovations beyond the scope of the health sector. In this study, an attempt was made to identify the most effective stakeholders of the public sector in the field of mental health promotion in Iran to help the policy-makers and to encourage inter-sectoral collaboration and further involvement of these effective sectors in mental health promotion plans. This was a mixed-methods study. From the first step (literature review and a survey), the names of public agencies affected by mental health promotion were extracted. In the next step, a checklist for identifying the main stakeholders was developed. The data of this step were analyzed by the simple additive weighting method. Ultimately, a table was plotted in the form of institutional mapping in order to summarize the organizations affecting each risk factor of mental health promotion. The Islamic Consultative Assembly, the Ministry of Interior, the Islamic Republic of Iran Broadcasting, the Ministry of Cooperatives, Labor, and Social Welfare, and the Ministry of Education were identified as the five institutions with the greatest impacts on the social determinants of mental health in Iran. Significant impacts can be exerted by institutions such as the Islamic Consultative Assembly (as the legislator), the Ministry of Interior, and its subsidiary entities such as municipalities and governors (as the administrators of homeland security and support for safe and appropriate urban and local facilities), the Islamic Republic of Iran Broadcasting (as the national media), the Ministry of Cooperatives, Labor, and Social Welfare (as the institution in charge of employment, job security, and social welfare), and the Ministry of Education (as the educational institution of the country).

Factors Affecting Municipal Revenues and Expenses (Case Study: Tabriz Municipality)

The lack of a comprehensive perspective on municipal revenue sources within the framework of the country's macroeconomic system, alongside occasional interventions and the implementation of self-reliance and self-sufficiency policies for municipalities, has led to instability in the revenue sector of municipalities. The restriction of legal and reasonable avenues for generating municipal income has resulted in a heavy dependence on urban construction and the sale of excess building density. The continuation of this situation has created adverse effects and social, cultural, and infrastructural costs for urban management. Therefore, the present study aims to identify the factors affecting the revenues and expenses of Tabriz Municipality. The research is applied in terms of its purpose and descriptive-analytical based on a survey method using a structural modeling approach for data collection. The statistical population of the study consists of senior, middle, and operational managers, as well as experts from Tabriz Municipality, and a standard questionnaire was used to collect data. The results showed that legal solutions, the role of stakeholder groups (Ministry of Interior), the role of stakeholder groups (private sector), and the adoption of appropriate methods and provision of automated services have a positive and significant impact on the management of municipal revenues and expenses.