Interests Of Traders Research Articles

STRATEGI KOMUNIKASI PENANGANAN PEMINDAHAN PASAR TIBAN DI KOTA PEKALONGAN

Pekalongan is one of the citiesin Indonesia that undergo arapid development in various fields. One of 
 thestands out economic activity of the town is Pasar Tiban. Pasar Tiban is a term used for a traditional market 
 which opened without any legal approval from the local government. Based on the data taken from 
 Disperindagkop and UMKM Pekalongan, there are 28 pasar tiban spread across the city in 2014. Eventhough it 
 is ilegal, somehow it moves the informal sector of the city.
 However,its development has caused social problems such astraffic jam, disorder, anddiscomfort. Its 
 existencehas violatedthe ActNo.22of 2009 on Traffic and Transportation (LLAJ Law), Article number 275
 paragraph (1) in conjunction with Article 28 paragraph (2), and Act No. 22 of 2009, which regulates the use of 
 the road and side walk. In- depth research has to be done in order to findthe best solutionto overcomethe 
 phenomenonof Pasar Tiban. The purpose of this study is to create a communication strategy to relocate Pasar 
 Tiban without neglecting the interests of traders and communities. This research was conducted by combining
 quantitative and qualitative research methods. Quantitative data are obtained from the questionnaire, where as
 qualitative data are obtained from in-depth interviews as well as field observations. 
 The result showsthe importance of coordination and unity among local leaders, SKPD, and Police so
 that the relocation can be done without any friction. Although most traders do not agree with therelocation there 
 are some traderswho are willing tobe relocated if the concept and the srtucture if the new area is good enough 
 and able to improve their we lf are. In a communication strategy, theobjectives of an action should be clearly 
 defined so that the traderscould easily accept, understand,and are willing to follow all the stages needed for the 
 relocation. The selected communication strategy includes fourt actics, namely; Interpersonal communication, 
 Organizational media, Newsmedia, Advertising and Promotional Media Tactic. All of them will be running 
 perfectly if the objectives was cleary explanied and full support from the stakeholders.
 
 Keyword: Pasar Tiban market, strategy, communication, relocation

Design of an Artificial Neural Network battery for an optimal recognition of patterns in financial time series

The increasingly massive use of advanced Machine Learning methodologies in the financial field sector has led credit institutions to quickly move to new FinTech technologies. This paper deals with how a battery of Artificial Neural Networks (ANN), dedicated to the automatic recognition of financial patterns of potential interest to traders, can be designed and validated. The battery of neural networks that have been designed is composed of a shallow ANN, a deep ANN with ReLu, a deep ANN with Dropout and a convolutional network (ConvNet). Depending on the type of classification problem, the ANN battery dynamically recognizes the best classifier and makes use of it for pattern recognition. The first part of the paper describes how these technologies work, the second one performs a validation of the code and the third one suggests a technical analysis application on financial time series.

Evolution of Chinese consumer protection: Through the lens of product quality laws

Despite its teeming population, the rise of consumerism in contemporary China has lagged behind the West. In seeking to explain this phenomenon, it is plausible to hypothesise that a necessary precondition for the growth of any movement advocating greater protection for the rights of consumers is a market in which the interests of traders and consumers compete. Modern China — founded on the basis of a planned economy — initially allowed no role for the concept and function of a free market. Yet, over time, political change in China has led to economic and legal reform. In particular, China has restructured its legal framework by embracing western principles, albeit modified with Chinese characteristics, in order to enhance economic growth and international trade. In the result, the position and influence of Chinese consumers has strengthened, and specific legal safeguards are now afforded to them. Viewed through the lens of a legislative enactment that is critically important to consumer interests in China, the Product Quality Law, this paper examines the social, economic, political and legal factors driving this change, and considers whether the promotion of consumer rights is the underlying objective of this law or simply a derivative benefit.

TYPOLOGY AND TRENDOLOGY OF ORGANIZATIONAL CONSUMER MARKETS IN THE SLOVAK REPUBLIC

The individuals and companies purchasing goods and services for some other than personal consumption, e.g. for the family member, family usage or as a present for another person, are called organizational consumers. They operate on the organizational consumer market. These markets usually have fewer buyers but purchase is done in much greater amounts than typical consumer markets and to distinguish them from typical consumer markets they are also geographically concentrated. There are four main components of this market: industrial, reseller, government and foreign market. For the purpose of this paper, the organizational customer is understood the organization which sells products for another customers. In general, every consumer tries to apply their rights, fight for them. The interest of traders is usually hidden somewhere in the background. The main aim of this paper is to summarize how important the organizations are, highlight the role they play in the society, their development in time, the authenticity, which distinguished it from the individual consumer and to describe their importance and impact on the social life and economics in the Slovak Republic. Research conducted in European countries showed that the recession had a significant impact on all types of consumers. The paper analyses the results of those researches and finally depicts if the situation is the same in the Slovak Republic using the statistic data analysis, description and comparison. Key words: organizational consumers, consumer typology, consumer behavior, retailers.

Accounting for Greed: Unraveling the Rogue Trader Mystery

In this article, I analyze the motivations underlying the actions of traders - market professionals who engage in unauthorized purchases or sales of securities, commodities or derivatives, often for a financial institution's proprietary trading account - and the motivations of the managers or supervisors who are assigned to oversee such traders. After beginning with the observation that rogue trading incidents are neither new nor isolated events, I argue that the continued existence of pervasive rogue trading has remained a mystery for industry observers, particularly given both the extensive legal regime and formal institutional policies apparently designed to curb such behavior. If firms are comprised of rational wealth maximizers who, by definition, behave in a manner that enhances their own self-interest, then why do managers and employee-traders engage in conduct that jeopardizes not only the continued existence of the firm, but also jeopardizes the integrity of the markets in which the firm operates? Drawing on insights from the fields of psychology and social norms, I argue that most commentators have underestimated the benefits of rogue trading to traders, managers, and, arguably, shareholders. Furthermore, commentators have underestimated the costs to managers and shareholders of curbing rogue trading. Accordingly, a cost-benefit analysis indicates that financial institution management has made a conscious decision to foster an institutional culture that tolerates at least some rogue trading. Consequently, contrary to the conclusions of most other legal scholars, I conclude that market forces cannot be expected to eliminate rogue trading, because eliminating the conditions that give rise to rogue trading is not in the best interest of traders, managers, or, perhaps, of shareholders.

The British Food Journal Volume 57 Issue 9 1955

The Department of National Health and Welfare, Canada, has recently issued a most useful guide to manufacturers, advertisers and importers of food, drugs and cosmetics. The guide has been produced by the Inspection Services of the Food and Drug Directorate. This Department is in the habit of giving advice and opinions to manufacturers who submit labels or advertisements for its consideration, and sometimes suggests modifications thought likely to be satisfactory. The Department has no power to give actual approval or to usurp the function of Courts of Law. In general, there is a great similarity between the requirements of the Dominion and those of Great Britain in the matter of labels and advertisements. But Canada—very wisely, as we think—has not followed the bad example set in the mother country by the Ministry of Food a few years ago when—in defiance of the opinions of nearly all competent persons—the Ministry suddenly decided to emasculate its Food Standards and Labelling Division. The present position is that the admirably informative and helpful yellow book, published in 1949, is now out of date and that manufacturers for years have been unable to obtain the guidance and assistance which used to be available from the Ministry. There have been recent signs that the Minister of Agriculture, Fisheries and Food may be willing before long to issue some guidance to the British public which will protect them against imposture. As is shown by the sea‐salmon prosecution reported at page 84, there is still plenty of scope for such protection. We have no doubt that as soon as the consolidated Food and Drugs Acts—that for Scotland as well as that for the remainder of the United Kingdom—and the Regulations to be made under them have become effective, a comprehensive guide, based on the yellow book of 1949, ought to be issued by the Ministry in the interests of traders and consumers. We are less sure that it will be.

British Food Journal Volume 12 Issue 1 1910

Very much more might be done to improve the quality of our food supplies by the great organisations that exist for the avowed object of furthering the interests of traders in foodstuffs. It is no exaggeration to say that these organisations claim, and rightly claim, to speak in the aggregate on behalf of great commercial interests involving the means of livelihood of thousands of people and the most profitable disposal of millions of money. The information that they possess as to certain trade methods and requirements is necessarily unique. Apart from the commercial knowledge they possess, these organisations have funds at their command which enable them to obtain the best professional opinions on any subjects connected with the trades they represent. Their members are frequently to be found occupying positions of responsibility as the elected representatives of their fellow‐citizens on municipal councils and other public bodies, where the administration of the Food Laws and prosecutions under the Food and Drugs Acts are often under discussion. Such organisations, then, are in a position to afford an unlimited amount of valuable help by assisting to put down fraud in connection with our food supply. The dosing of foods with harmful drugs is, of course, only a part of a very much larger subject. It is, however, typical. Assuming the danger to public health that arises from the treatment of foods with harmful preservatives, the continued use of such substances cannot but be in the long run as harmful to the best interests of the traders as it is actually dangerous to public health. The trade organisations to which reference has been made might very well extend their sphere of usefulness by making it their business to seriously consider this and similar questions in the interests of public health, as well as in their own best interests. It is surely not open to doubt that a great organisation, numbering hundreds, and perhaps thousands of members, has such a membership because individual traders find it to their interest, as do people in all walks of life, to act more or less in common for the general advantage ; and, further, that it would not be to the benefit of individual members that their connection with the organisation should terminate owing to their own wrong‐doing. The executives of such trade organisations hold a sufficiently strong position to enable them to bring strong pressure to bear on those who are acting in a way that is contrary to the interests of the public generally, and of honest traders in particular, by adulterating or misbranding the food products that they gain their living by selling. It should also be plain that such trade organisations could go a long way towards solving many of the very vexed questions that arise whenever food standards and limits, for example, form the subject of discussion. These problems are not easy to deal with. The difficulties in connection with them are many and great; but such problems, however difficult of solution, are still not insoluble, and an important step towards their solution would be taken if co‐operation between those who are acting in the interests of hygienic science and those who are acting in the interests of trade could be brought about. If this could be accomplished the unedifying spectacle of alleged trade interests and the demands of public health being brought, as is so often the case, into sharp conflict, would be less frequent, and there can be no doubt that general benefit would result.