High performance structural metal materials with high strength and certain ductility have a wide range of critical applications in fields such as aviation, aerospace, transportation. A vein-shaped structure composed of recrystallized ultrafine grains was introduced into a nano-precipitated high-entropy alloy (HEA) by inter-critical annealing after cold rolling. The vein-shaped structure coupled with nanoprecipitates contributes a remarkable improvement of mechanical properties, with yield strength enhanced from 1232 MPa to 1510 MPa, ultimate tensile strength from 1544 MPa to 1745 MPa, and uniform elongation from 1.84 % to ∼7 %, compared to the as-rolled matrix. The synchronized increase in strength and ductility is the outcome of controlling multiscale strengthening mechanisms from tailoring dislocations, nanoprecipitates, bimodal grains, and deformation microbands, which activate the potential work-hardening capacity in the present HEA.