Intellectual Activity Research Articles

Promoting Intellectual Property Propaganda Activities in Vocational Education Institutions: An Assessment From A Management Perspective

Promoting Intellectual Property Propaganda Activities in Vocational Education Institutions: An Assessment From A Management Perspective

The Role of Power Relations and Identification in Collaborative Knowledge Construction at Single Gender Online Forum

This short paper describes a research project that aims at exploring how identification and power relations contribute to learners’ knowledge construction in single gender online forum. This multiple case studies take place at five online classes in two female universities in Saudi Arabia. Data is collected from semi-structured interviews and group discussions. Qualitative content analysis of online discussions is used to investigate the extent in which collaborative knowledge construction was achieved by participants utilizing Gunawardena et, al. 1997 tool. In addition, Foucault discourse analysis is used to explore learners’ power relations and identification. The initial findings of the pilot study suggest that learners have imposed several power relations strategies in the discussion’s forum such as maintaining norms of online discussions; (2) maintaining norms of a good classmate; (3) criticizing, comparing and assessing each other's posts; (4) displaying personal information; (5) checkingothers' intellectual activities and messages; (6) comparing between oneself and others' actions and ways of thinking; (7) categorizing oneself and others ; and (8) excluding and including others. These behaviors were organized under three themes: normalisation, surveillance, and classification. Initial findings also showed that participants revealed parts of their identities while interacting with each other. The research will continue to investigate how these practices are influenced by the social and cultural settings and how this contributes to the quality of knowledge construction in online discussion forum.

Monozygotic twins discordant for depression: An extended network comparison of depressive symptoms, cognitive functions and daily activities

Monozygotic twins share the same genotype; however, they can be phenotypically discordant on various traits. Studying discordant monozygotic twins allows the investigation of differences in associations between symptoms and psychopathological risk factors, controlled for shared genetic liability. The network approach to psychopathology suggests that depressive symptoms, along with risk and protective factors (e.g., cognition, daily activities), form a complex system of mutually interacting components. We compared monozygotic twins discordant for lifetime depression on their respective extended networks of depressive symptoms, cognitive functions and daily activities (intellectual, physical, social), and evaluated if these networks differ in their associations between variables and in the role of each variable within the network. Regularized partial correlations investigated the networks' composition in 147 monozygotic twin pairs discordant for depression from the Danish Twin Registry. Affected twins had stronger overall associations within their network of depressive symptoms, cognitive functions and daily activities than their unaffected co-twins, while the importance of the network components’ associations did not differ between the co-twins. In affected twins, decreased frequency in experiencing happiness had the strongest association with remaining variables (i.e., the most influence in activating other network elements). Also, variables from different groups were significantly associated (e.g., loneliness with delayed memory, pessimism with low social activities, verbal learning with intellectual activities). In unaffected twins, both mood symptoms and cognitive functions were important, but between-groups associations were quasi-absent. These results suggest that external events affecting the ability to feel happiness likely trigger the psychopathological process (depression network activation), independently from the genetic predisposition to depression.

THE INTELLECTUAL CONTRIBUTIONS OF SOKOTO JIHAD LEADERS TO THE DEVELOPMENT OF LIBRARIES

The paper centered on the intellectual works of Sokoto Jihad leaders and the role of libraries in managing them. The major highlight of the paper includes the rationale for Sokoto Jihad, the Jihad leader’s role in intellectual activity and their contribution to toward the development of libraries. It also concentrates mainly on the trio of the Jihad leaders and the host of others. It further discusses in detailed the struggle made by the leaders in acquiring knowledge, teaching and dissemination of knowledge to the followers via different methods of services. The paper recommends, among others, workshops, seminars, conferences, to be done on the importance of sokoto jihad leaders, open centers of caliphate studies in the higher institutions and beyond, digitized their works for easy access online globally.

A performative critical management studies: Developing a critical management pedagogy as intellectual activism praxis

In this paper, I take Contu’s call for a performative turn in critical management studies into my teaching as a form of intellectual activism praxis. I problematise management learning and education in regard to perpetuating inequalities, and offer a critical management pedagogy as a form of intellectual activism praxis to help infuse management education with a critical and socially conscience awareness. This paper is a reflexive account of the development of my critical management pedagogy and an analytical discussion weaving together the practice of a critical management education with intellectual activism. I argue that business schools need to question the relationship between neoliberal capitalism and our global epoch of crisis and uncertainty, and that as management educators we must consider how we might inform this relationship. In our teaching, we are often complicit in practices and institutions that reproduce economic and environmental exploitation, white supremacy, heteronormativity and colonial and patriarchal relations. Inspired by Freire’s critical pedagogy, I developed a critical management module to try engage students’ critical and social conscience by providing them with a space to think critically about the social, political and economic phenomena that shape individuals and societies, and the tools to engage in new ways of thinking to challenge systematic inequalities. This paper contributes insight into the context and praxis of developing and delivering this module.

Научная экспертиза как ключевой фактор социально-экономического развития

The article discusses the issues of increasing the role of scientific expertise in the management of science, education and economics, its impact on the effectiveness and quality of scientific, scientific, technical and educational activities. Scientific expertise in the fields of sciences that have a direct impact on the development of the intellectual capital of society, as the main factor of economic growth and social progress, is of particular relevance and importance. The results of the analysis of the quality of education, the effectiveness of intellectual activity, and the regulatory legal framework in terms of scientific expertise are presented. Based on the identified problems, recommendations are made to improve the legal support and the mechanism for conducting scientific expertise, on the state of which, along with other factors, the level of scientific, technological and socio-economic development of the country depends.

СРАВНИТЕЛЬНЫЙ ОБЗОР РЕЗУЛЬТАТОВ ИНТЕЛЛЕКТУАЛЬНОЙ ДЕЯТЕЛЬНОСТИ РОССИЙСКИХ УЧЕНЫХ ПО ВЫЯВЛЕНИЮ ИНСАЙДЕРОВ В ОРГАНИЗАЦИЯХ

The work is devoted to the task of detecting insiders in an organization, thereby increasing the information security of its resources. To do this, a review of the results of intellectual activity (certificates of state registration of programs and databases, patents for utility models) of Russian scientists in the Russian science citation indexwas carried out using the keywords «insider (as noun)» (7 publications) and «insider (as adjective)» (10 publications). All solutions found are systematized in tabular form according to criteria such as year of publication, type, programming language, international patent classification and scope. A number of the following fundamental conclusions have been made: demand for practical solutions, a slight increasing trend in the relevance of the problem, the preference for using the programming languages «C++» and «C#», patenting mainly solutions for theft alarms, the main application in the field of assessing the personal and behavioral characteristics of employees.

Fundamentos filosóficos para una pedagogía de la cultura

The general objective of this paper is to elaborate a pedagogical reading of Ernst Cassirer’sPhilosophy of Symbolic Forms, focusing on the Phenomenology of Knowledge where the author detailsthat the foundations adduced by Paul Natorp, in Introduction to Psychology constitute a critical viewof psychology as the foundation of intellectual operations. In general, there are three results to beshown: first, it will be shown that this recovery of the Natorpian vision allows Cassirer to maintainthat all cultural activity (language, mythology, art, science, etc.) has as its foundation the psychologicalactivities of the subject, which implies that all symbolic formation is both an intellectual product ofthe individual and a cultural activity. Second, it will be shown that part of the development of acritical psychology, in accordance with Natorp’s general plan, is the need for a theory of formationthat explains how the cultural environment shapes the intellectual activities of the subject, a generalthesis assumed by Cassirer for the development of his theory of the symbol. Finally, it will be notedthat the cultural formative agents considered by Natorp for the formation of the individual (state,art and religion, mainly) constitute the theoretical bases of culture on which the student will laterdevelop his theory of language, myth/religion, art and science as cultural formations.

Kurdish Women’s Experience in Iraq: History, Politics and Literature

AbstractThe aim of this article is to study the conspicuous impact of the changing historical and political situation in Iraq on the Kurdish intellectual and literary production with particular attention to Kurdish women’s position and perspective on these changes. Focusing on the hectic periods of the Kurdish history and national movement in Iraq, the article answers such intriguing questions as how do the social and political discourses in Iraq shape Kurdish women’s roles and contributions and how has the interplay between Kurdish nationalism and women’s participation developed within the different literary, intellectual and political circles. Chronicling the various socio‐political dimensions of Kurdish national movement and investigating the ways in which Kurdish women’s participation has been relegated both by the Iraqi regimes and within the Kurdish national movements, the article presents a content analysis of different intentions, oversights, and insights of Kurdish and non‐Kurdish political, literary and intellectual actors regarding Kurdish women’s changing roles and desires in Iraq and of the images by which Kurdish women have been presented, thereby positioning itself within a socio‐political studies.

ISSUES OF ORGANIZATIONAL AND LEGAL SUPPORT FOR THE PROTECTION OF INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY IN ADMINISTRATIVE COURTS

In this article, consistent measures are being implemented in our country to improve the results of intellectual activity and the mechanisms of introducing innovations to economic sectors, to create regional brands, to ensure reliable legal protection of intellectual property, in particular, the specific features of considering cases related to intellectual property protection in administrative courts are highlighted. Also, the article provides suggestions and recommendations on improving the legislation to ensure reliable legal protection of intellectual property in administrative courts.

Технологии малых инновационных предприятий как результат интеллектуальной деятельности: применение нанотехнологий при ликвидации бесхозных скважин

Технологии малых инновационных предприятий как результат интеллектуальной деятельности: применение нанотехнологий при ликвидации бесхозных скважин

신이 아닌 부동의 제일원동자에 관한 성찰: 토마스 아퀴나스의 입장

This paper explores Thomas Aquinas's perspective on the prime mover of celestial spheres. In Latin medieval cosmology, all movements in the natural world are reduced to the rotational motion of celestial bodies. In traditional Aristotelian natural philosophy, the prime mover of celestial bodies is regarded as God-substance that thinks itself. However, Christian theologians also acknowledge the existence of immaterial angels besides both God and the material world. Ancient Christian thinkers attributed the cause of movement of celestial bodies to angels. Thomas synthesizes the positions of theological authorities, Aristotelian natural philosophy, and the universal principles of causality outlined in the Arabic “Book of Causes” to deduce the various substantial attributes of the prime mover of celestial bodies. The cause of all motions must be a self-moving principle, meaning it must possess a soul in the sense of the principle of life. However, the celestial soul exists as pure intellectual activity without sense-perception. If the soul of celestial bodies were characterized solely by its intellectual nature, it would not be distinguishable from another intellectual being, i.e. angels. They are distinguished only by the relative distance of participation in the First Cause, or in other words, by the difference in the grade of perfection of existence. Thomas acknowledges that the celestial soul is substantially similar to the lower angels confessed in Christianity but he doesn't argue for the complete exclusion of the term “soul.” Perhaps he wanted to preserve the concept of the soul as a purely philosophical concept corresponding with angels.

Promoting Intellectual Property Propaganda Activities in Vocational Education Institutions: An Assessment from a Management Perspective

Along with the comprehensive innovation of Vietnam’s education system, vocational education is positively changing, making great contributions to the country’s education system. Along with the university education system, vocational education is considered a place to create new knowledge and technology; but up to now, the number of applications to establish protection of industrial property rights, especially inventions, still accounts for a low rate; the understanding of education and training staff in vocational education institutions (VEIs) about intellectual property rights is not high. Based on the study of state legal documents on intellectual property rights, this article surveyed 300 people who are managers, teachers, students, and pupils at several educational institutions in Ho Chi Minh City through surveys and interview questions. VEIs do not pay much attention to intellectual property activities in general and intellectual property propaganda activities in particular; there is no long-term plan and policy for implementing intellectual property activities and intellectual property propaganda at VEIs. Based on that reality, and an assessment of the current situation combined with state legal documents, this article proposes some management solutions to promote intellectual property activities and intellectual property propaganda activities in VEIs in near the future.

MORINGA OLEIFERA, FUNCTIONAL INGREDIENT: NUTRITIONAL PROPERTIES AND HEALTH BENEFITS

Moringa oleifera is a tropical plant that provides various nutritional benefits in nutrition and medicine. It is a popular ingredient in fortified staple foods due to its antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anticarcinogenic properties. This study aims to assess the acceptability of the plant among students and its perceived properties. Thus, 44 subjects, divided into two groups (22 in each group) were included in this study. For ten days, each group consumed 5 or 10 grams of moringa per day. Throughout the study, the subjects completed two validated questionnaires: the first one was distributed before the consumption and the second questionnaire after the intended period. The results obtained at the end of the study showed that both groups of consumers noticed beneficial effects on physical well-being and intellectual activity. However, people who consumed 10 g of moringa experienced more noticeable effects due to its powerful effect on concentration, well-being and the elimination of factors that cause fatigue, compared to the consumption of 5 g of moringa, where the majority of respondents stated that they did not feel any effect due to the low dose ingested.

DETECTIVE AS A LITERARY GENRE IN THE SYSTEM OF COPYRIGHT OBJECTS OF THE REPUBLIC OF KAZAKHSTAN: PROBLEMS OF DETERMINING THE PROTECTION CAPACITY

The article is devoted to the study of the detective as a literary genre as an object of copyright and the problem of criteria of protection. The detective in the Kazakh literature has not been widely distributed, and therefore arouses scientific interest. At the same time, it is the result of creative intellectual activity, the object of copyright. The article analyzes the features of the literary work, presents the points of view of Kazakhstani and foreign authors. However, not every work can be recognized as an object of copyright, in order to be recognized as such, the object must have certain characteristics in order to become protectable. Determining the criteria for the protectability of works is important when recognizing a work as subject to legal protection. The legislation of the Republic of Kazakhstan recognizes creativity and the form of works as such. The article reveals the concepts of purpose, content, dignity, as well as ways and forms of expression of works. The legal literature presents different points of view to the study of the criteria of protectability: creativity, novelty, originality, etc. There is no unity of opinion in foreign practice, in the USA the level of creativity is considered as a criterion. Currently, the concept of determining the lower level of protection capacity, which distinguishes works with an insignificant level of creative character, is increasingly attracting attention. The judicial practice of the Republic of Kazakhstan in dispute resolution adheres to the approach of determining the existence of the creative nature of the work, the Copyright mark, using such tools as an author's expertise for borrowing material and coincidences of creative results. The establishment of criteria for the protection of works is an urgent problem that has a practical nature, and its resolution is necessary in order to determine which works can enjoy copyright protection.

Promotion of Intellectual Activity Results of Scientific Organizations. An Assessment of Potential Demand

The article examines the markets of intellectual activity results (IAR) in Russia. We have conducted an analysis of the costs of innovation activities in terms of the purchase of IAR and R&D in the economy as a whole and in the industrial production sector as the largest one in the context of acquiring IAR. It is shown that the scale of costs for IAR is about 1% of the total expenditures on innovation and has tended to increase in recent years. The costs of purchasing IAR by industry are analyzed; it is shown that the largest amount of expenditures falls on the sphere of industrial production. In this area, the share of IAR acquisition costs is higher than in the economy as a whole and averages 1.5%. We consider the share of IAR purchases from external suppliers. In general, 54.6% of IAR are purchased from third-party organizations, and 59.3% are acquired in industrial production. The costs of purchasing IAR at the expense of own and external sources of financing are analyzed; it is noted that the largest amount of own funds (64.0% against 55.1% in the economy as a whole) is spent in the field of industrial production. Having regard to the scale of the markets, we analyze the best options for IAR protection in cases of various types of organizations. Examples of IAR protection options for large organizations with a substantial volume of output and for small innovative enterprises with a relatively low output rate are considered. The conclusion is made about the expediency of using protection for small companies through the introduction of a trade secret regime. We also carry out an analysis of the costs of research and development purchased from third-party organizations by industry. It is shown that the R&D markets significantly exceed the IAR markets. This also makes the sale of IAR through R&D more attractive than through the sale of licenses. In general, the thesis put forward in the previous article is confirmed. It says that a low activity of working with IAR is determined by economic factors.

ASPECTS OF TRANSLATION QUALITY PROBLEM

Translation quality evaluation is generally referred to as one the mechanisms for translation industry development and the most important tool in the field of translator training, which determines the relevance of the stated topic. The purpose of this study is to review the problems and approaches to translation quality evaluation highlighting the differences in their treatment. The paper focuses on the study of the cognitive-terminological and system-activity aspects of translation evaluation, with special emphasis on the borderline between the process of quality evaluation and its result. An analysis of the term translation quality as used in meta-translation discourse demonstrated significant differences in the conceptualization of this notion. In translation theory, the term is generally used as an evaluative indicator of translation results, although in a broader sense it also refers to one of the main categories of translation studies that requires systematic research and description. In meta-translation discourse, translation quality may refer to a fairly high level of translation per se, but in combination with additional descriptive characteristics the term can also indicate different levels of quality, down to the lowest. To assess the results of translation using classical evaluative terms, namely equivalence and adequacy, it is generally necessary to clarify their conceptual content, which corresponds to a particular scientific paradigm. The existence of different and/or opposing points of view on the theory and practice of translation quality evaluation is accounted for by the complex and multidimensional nature of the phenomenon under consideration. The novelty of the conducted research lies in the distinction between translation evaluation as a result and translation evaluation as a process considered as a type of intellectual activity. Finally, we developed a model which reflects the structure of evaluation activities in the field of translation. The main components of this model are: the evaluation sphere, the evaluation actor, the object under evaluation (i.e. translation results), the purpose of evaluation activity, the evaluation method, the criteria and the parameters of evaluation. Following the system-activity approach one can take into account various facets of the problem of translation quality evaluation as well as the complex of motives and individual independent steps that determine the end result.

On the Separation of Scientific Activity and the State-owned Corporate Form of Science Management in Contemporary Russia. Part 2

The article presents the details of ideas and proposals announced by the author in 2021 within the framework of the round table of the “Science Management: Theory and Practice” journal (on the topic “Science in an Innovative Economy”). The proposed measures are considered as increasingly relevant in the face of the long-term confrontation with the ‘collective West’, which is striving for scientific and economic isolation of contemporary Russia, as well as in relation to the national goals and objectives set by the country’s leadership for the period up to 2036. The second part of the article deals with the structural as well as administrative and legal features of the Russian science and technology complex. It numbers over four thousand organizations that carry out research and development activities in substantially separate sectors of “civil” and “defense” science. As a result, a proposal is submitted to the readers to integrate research and development that produce new fundamental scientific knowledge, end-to-end high-tech technologies and relevant intellectual activity results in the interests of socio-economic development, the national defense and security of the state in a specialized state corporation by giving it the authority to regulate scientific research and technological activities, including those in relation to the rest of the bulk of Russian research organizations of different branches. It is proposed to implement a thoroughgoing reform in the field of Russian science by adoption of appropriate new federal laws.

Aging trajectories of subscales in higher-level functional capacity among community-dwelling older Japanese adults: the Otassha study

BackgroundMaintaining higher-level functional capacity is important for independent living in older age. The aging trajectory of the Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology Index of Competence (TMIG-IC) has three patterns; however, the subscale patterns are unclear.AimsThis study aimed to clarify the aging trajectory patterns of the TMIG-IC subscales among community-dwelling older Japanese.MethodsParticipants were 3,169 community-dwelling older Japanese who participated in the 2012–2022 mail survey of the Otassha study. The aging trajectory patterns of the TMIG-IC total and subscale scores for those aged 65–90 years were identified using group-based trajectory modeling. Further, the combination frequency of the subscale trajectory patterns was determined.ResultsThree patterns were identified: early-onset decreasing, late-onset decreasing, and high-stable.DiscussionThe instrumental activities of daily living (IADL) trajectory was maintained until approximately 80 years of age; however, chronic disease prevailed the most in the early-onset decreasing pattern. The early-onset decreasing pattern of intellectual activity (IA) was present in 25% of participants, showing impaired IA from 65 years of age. The late-onset decreasing pattern of social roles (SR) was present in 30% of participants, showing a sharp decline compared to other subscales. For many people, the patterns of decrease in SR and IA overlapped.ConclusionsTo maintain higher-level functional capacity, interventions that include disease management and prevention of decline in IADL and increase the awareness of the social support provided throughout old age and interventions for people with an early decline in IA should be implemented.

The Application of the Principle of Good Faith in Intellectual Property Activities

The principle of good faith is the cornerstone of the intellectual property legal framework, playing a crucial role in upholding legal justice and incentivizing innovation. This study reveals the logical connection between this principle and the protection of intellectual property rights, and proposes specific strategies for strengthening its practical application. The revision of the “Detailed Rules for the Implementation of the Patent Law” has reinforced the principle of good faith, which has a profound impact on improving the quality of intellectual property rights and promoting economic and social development. Faced with the challenges of emerging technologies, the existing legal framework needs to be further refined to meet the new demands of technological advancement. Additionally, it is proposed that public education on intellectual property awareness should be strengthened, the rights of small and medium-sized enterprises should be protected, the reasonable use of intellectual property should be promoted, and a solid legal foundation should be provided for the construction of an innovative country.