Institutional Innovation Research Articles

Pre-extension Popularization of Improved Dual Purpose Koekoek Chickens in Tahtay Maichew District Central Zone of Tigray, Ethiopia

Central zone of Tigray has potential and poultry stock. However, the productivity in terms of egg and meat is low since the majority of household depends on local chickens and rearing of their chickens through a traditional production practices. Then, the objectives of the pre-extension popularization of Koekoek breed was i) to popularize and evaluate the production performance the Koekoek breed chickens in the small holder Farmers and ii) To analyze farmers feedback towards this improved Koekoek chickens breed at smallholder farmers' management. T/maichew District, My-sie kebelle was selected based on the project financial support of Irish Aid Operational Research (OR) purposely. A total of 17 household heads willingly participated to adopt the Koekoek breeds. Data record sheet and semi-structured questionnaires were prepared to collect the required data. Then, using simple descriptive and Likert measurement level used to achieve result. The finding of the research shows that an annual average yield was found to be 204 eggs per year/ chicken. Similarly, the respondents agreed on that the chickens have well adapted, good growing ability, relatively resistance to diseases, have good scavenging ability, and productivity as well have medium eggs size and good egg and meat tasty of Koekoek chickens. The improved chickens’ breed (Koekoek) is better to be transferred to other mandate areas of Axum Agricultural Research Center. In addition, collaboration of stakeholders needs to be strengthening so that large scale demonstration community production system is going to be functional. Strengthen the human resource and institutional innovations are important point for dissemination of the improved poultry breeds to all beneficiaries of small holder farmers.

Asia’s institutional innovation, cross-boundary learning, and resilience in business and society fostering international collaborations around the world

Asia’s institutional innovation, cross-boundary learning, and resilience in business and society fostering international collaborations around the world

How to Advance Sustainable Innovations for Circular Bioeconomy: Perspectives from a Public Research Institute

This article presents a case study of public research institute innovation process for the circular bioeconomy in Finland. If an invention is to become an innovation, it requires actor alignment and cooperation from research to product development all the way to the end user. Despite the high uncertainty, the decision makers along the value chain need to identify possible directions and promising options, in addition to managing various risks. Support for these decisions is crucial to enable sustainable innovations. Furthermore, the role of public research institutions in providing “seeds” for innovations has been researched less extensively than the role of private companies or universities. This paper develops and tests a new circular bioeconomy product questionnaire to assist researchers. The questionnaire was designed for Natural Resources Institute Finland, combining risk management, new product development, and innovation process perspectives. The authors interviewed researchers and developed the framework further based on the interview analysis and tested it in a workshop. For the end product to succeed, it is necessary to understand the requirements of the entire value chain, especially the needs of end users. The research (and innovation) process should already involve stakeholders in the early stages to better meet their expectations.

PERAN ETIKA INOVASI DAN KEWIRAUSAHAAN LEMBAGA DAKWAH DI ERA DISRUPTIF

This disruptive era has had the impact of major changes in various fields, including da'wah institutions. Da'wah institutions as religious organizations face the challenge of remaining relevant, effective, and harmonious in conveying moral and spiritual messages to society. In this context, the ethics of innovation and entrepreneurship are key to the adaptation of da'wah institutions, because they can influence people's perceptions of these institutions. This research aims to explore how da'wah institutions apply innovation ethically and how entrepreneurship can support its sustainability in a disruptive era. Using qualitative research methods, this research explores insights from various da'wah institutions through library research based on primary data sources and secondary data to examine the ethics of innovation and entrepreneurship in the context of da'wah institutions. Primary data are journals and books related to secondary data obtained from dictionaries, encyclopedias, and journal reviews. The research results show that ethical innovation and moral entrepreneurship are important factors in maintaining the relevance of da'wah institutions in a disruptive era and the role of ethics in innovation and entrepreneurship in da'wah institutions.

The role of institutional innovation and artificial intelligence in the corporate eco-innovation - a case study of high-tech enterprises in Liaoning province of China

This research investigates the intricate interplay of institutional factors and technological adoption in the context of corporate ecological innovation. Grounded in the New Institutionalism Theory and the Technology-Organization-Environment (TOE) framework, the study explores how formal and informal institutional innovations shape the behavior and capabilities of companies engaged in ecological innovation in Liaoning Province, China. Furthermore, the research examines the role of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in promoting ecological innovation. The study classifies AI into three categories: data analytics and predictive AI, automation and intelligent production AI, and customer service and user experience AI. These dimensions are investigated in terms of their influence on ecological innovation, revealing how each element contributes to enhancing companies' capabilities in addressing ecological challenges. The research proposes hypotheses regarding the positive influence of these AI dimensions on ecological innovation outcomes. The findings from this research contribute to the education of the intricate dynamics between institutional innovations, technological adoption, and corporate ecological innovation. The insights garnered are crucial for policymakers, businesses, and researchers striving to cultivate sustainable practices and innovation in ’the contemporary economic and environmental milieu.

Effect of Organizational Reward System on Employee Service Delivery in Public Institutions in South East Nigeria

The study examined effect of organizational reward system on employee service delivery in Public Institutions in South East, Nigeria. The research design utilized a descriptive research approach. Data collected for the study were presented with descriptive statistic using tables, mean, standard deviations while the one sample t-test was used to test the hypotheses. The study revealed that Organizational reward system had a significant effect on employee productivity in public institutions in South East, Nigeria, that organizational reward system did have a significant effect on employee innovation and creativity in public institutions in South East, Nigeria and that organizational reward system had a significant effect on employee team work and collaboration in public institutions in South East, Nigeria. The study therefore recommends thatorganizational reward systems exert a significant and positive influence on employee performance in Public Institutions in South East, Nigeria.

The collectivist and statist vocational training innovative institutions and self-employment earnings gaps

The entrepreneurship literature has long recognized the importance of education in fostering successful self-employment, yet a significant gap exists in our understanding of how the political economy of vocational education systems influences the financial success of self-employed graduates. We focus on vocational education systems that are collectivist—namely, collective decision making and stakeholder collaboration to align training with labor market needs and to promote social cohesion—and statist—a centrally controlled vocational education system directed by the state, aiming to align training with national development goals and to prioritize economic needs. Our study analyzed 6924 participants who received vocational education from collectivist systems (Czech Republic and Denmark) and statist systems (Finland and Norway). The findings show a significant earnings gap between employed and self-employed receiving vocational education in statist systems, and a non-significant difference in earnings between employed and self-employed in collectivist systems. The findings have implications for how the type of vocational training affects the earnings gaps among the employed and self-employed.

Food is Medicine National Summit: Transforming Health Care

Food is Medicine (FIM) interventions reflect the critical links between food security, nutrition security, health, and health equity, integrated into health care delivery. They comprise programs that provide nutritionally tailored food, free of charge or at a discount, to support disease management, disease prevention, or optimal health, linked to the health care system as part of a patient’s treatment plan. Such programs often prioritize health equity. On 26–27 April, 2023, Tufts University’s Gerald J. and Dorothy R. Friedman School of Nutrition Science and Policy and Food & Nutrition Innovation Institute held a 2-day National Food is Medicine Summit with leaders, practitioners, and individuals with diverse lived experiences in health care, research, government, advocacy, philanthropy, and the private sector to identify challenges and opportunities to sustainably incorporate FIM services into the health care system and at scale. This report of a meeting describes key themes of the Summit, based on presentations and discussions on momentum around FIM, incorporating FIM in health care, tradeoffs and unintended consequences of various FIM models, scaling of programs, financing and payment mechanisms, educating and engaging the health care workforce, and federal and state government actions and opportunities on FIM. Speakers highlighted examples of recent public and private sector actions on FIM and innovative cross-sector partnerships, including state Medicaid waivers, academic and philanthropic research initiatives, health care system screenings and interventions, and collaborations including community-based organizations and/or entities outside of the food and health care sectors. Challenges and opportunities to broader implementation and scaling of FIM programs identified include incorporating FIM into health care business models, educating the health care workforce, and sustainably scaling FIM programs while leveraging the local connections of community-based organizations. This meeting report highlights recent advances, best practices, challenges, and opportunities discussed at the National Summit to inform future actions on FIM.

Constructing Ubudehe? Farmers’ perceptions of drought impacts and resilience capacities in Bugesera, Rwanda

Purpose This paper analyses Rwandan farmers’ perceptions of historical drivers of landscape vulnerability (past), current livelihood assets (present) and existing or potential capacities (future) to increase resilience to drought. The specific focus is on linking experiences from the past and present with ideas for a drought-resilient future. It explores how farmers' perceptions of past droughts and future visioning can contribute to rural development policy and multi-level collaborations. Design/methodology/approach This study was conducted in Bugesera, a drought-prone district in south-eastern Rwanda. Empirical data was collected through participatory observation, semi-structured interviews and focus groups. The analytical points of departure are based on sustainable landscapes and livelihood approaches, combining spatial and temporal perspectives on challenges and opportunities identified by farmers’ communities in addressing droughts. Findings All respondents had a high awareness of the impact of droughts. Perceived drivers of landscape change include historical climate events, such as droughts and floods, immigration and agricultural expansion, which have led to demographic pressure on land, deforestation and infringement on natural resources. Factors enhancing resilience capacities include access to diversified sources of livelihood, knowledge of appropriate irrigation techniques and availability of safety nets and credits. Furthermore, farmers identified collaborative opportunities as important for resilience capacity, including peer learning, and sharing best practices through knowledge exchange and on-field training. In addition, farmers brought up the need for innovative institutions that can facilitate access to markets and enable collaboration between different agricultural sectors. Originality/value This study analyses farmers’ perceptions of resilience capacities to droughts through a spatiotemporal lens of past droughts, present capital and future challenges by linking scales, knowledge and human–environment nexus. This paper contributes to the knowledge of climate adaptation in Rwanda and to discussions about smallholder farming in the literature on climate change adaptation.

Social Capital Elevates Courtesy Take into Consideration Teaching-Learning Process in Secondary Schools

Social capital which is also known as relational capital plays very significant role in enhancing education by fostering innovations in educational institutions. Social capital encompasses the relationships and networks which facilitate knowledge sharing, collaboration, and community engagement which are essential for teaching learning process. The existence of productive social capital among the stake holders promotes civility which leads towards imparting quality education to the learners. The main aim of this study is to highlight the importance of social capital in educational institutes. The data for the current study has been collected from a sample size of target population of secondary school teachers in Tehsil Wari, Dir Upper, Pakistan. The study is quantitative in nature as close-ended questionnaire comprising of 33 items covering six dimensions of social capital and teaching learning process with a five point Likert Scale is used for data collection. The validity and reliability of this survey instrument has been ensured by following predetermined principles, like sending for validation to four experts in the field, and checking the value of Cronbach’s alpha. The collected data has been analyzed by using SPSS-22. Descriptive statistics highlights that data is normally distributed therefore parametric tests like Pearson Correlation has been used to determine the relationship between social capital and teaching learning process. The results provide evidence that there is a high, positive and significant correlation between social capital and teaching-learning process. From results it is concluded that for effective teaching-learning process, the existence of social capital in educational institute is of paramount importance. The study recommends that there is need for further research as to explore antecedent variables affecting the co-existence of social capital and teaching-learning process.

“Discovery Towards Strategy”—Co-Creating an Institutional Innovation Strategy for Digital and Medical Education

Through the pivot to emergency remote teaching during the pandemic, most universities have managed to become ‘digital’, at least in the delivery of educational programmes and business operations. And yet, the purposeful design and use of technology for education is far from the reality of such a pivot and remains difficult to achieve. While most universities outline some level of digital transformation as part of their innovation narrative and strategies, there is only a limited number of universities that adopt the culture of co-creation. This paper illustrates a bottom-up approach to the co-creation of a new digital and medical education strategy in a London-based Russell Group university to bring on change that is fit for purpose. The findings include the key insights, specifically, the five key values of what the community believed to be crucial—(i) broadening access to education, (ii) flexibility, efficiency and convenience, (iii) authentic learning, (iv) business proposition, and (v) pastoral care; and the eight areas of opportunities and challenges—(i) human relationships, (ii) co-creation, (iii) digital engagement, (iv) digital pedagogy, (v) digital literacy, (vi) edtech and IT infrastructure, (vii) support, and (viii) digital assessment and feedback. This paper also outlines the strategic project plans that were generated and since implemented as a result of the co-creation process. The limitations and future directions of this study are also noted.

Resistance to Being Listed Industrial Heritage? The Conflicts and Dilemma of Heritage-Making During Land Banking in Guangzhou

Amid rapid urban regeneration over the past decade, industrial heritage conservation in China has garnered increasing attention, focusing more on the reuse of listed buildings than on conflicts in the inscription process. This article examines the conflicts and dilemmas between urban redevelopment and industrial heritage conservation during the inscription process in China, through five case studies in Guangzhou. It aims to provide both an understanding of conflicts and institutional challenges posed by land banking, and insights into stakeholder dynamics, the role of media and NGOs, and the implementation of cultural heritage assessments. Grounded in the Institutional Analysis and Development framework, the empirical studies reveal that institutional conflicts, particularly resistance from land development centers and former factory owners, often stem from financial motivations. This resistance can lead to the premature demolition of potential heritage sites but also drive institutional innovations. Guangzhou’s introduction of the Wenping assessment system integrates industrial heritage identification with land banking and urban regeneration planning, aiming to protect heritage from hasty demolitions. Media coverage and NGO advocacy have been instrumental in heritage-making and prompting policy responses. The adaptive reuse of industrial heritage sites into creative industrial parks faces challenges from their temporary nature and land banking pressures, underscoring the need for policies ensuring stable and enduring reuse. Ambiguous responsibilities and fragmented management systems further impede effective heritage conservation.

FEATURES OF THE PREPARATION OF FUTURE TEACHERS FOR WORK IN PRE-SCHOOL EDUCATION INSTITUTIONS AND REQUIREMENTS FOR THEIR PROFESSIONAL ACTIVITIES

The article reveals the specifics of training future teachers to work in preschool education institutions in terms of requirements for their professional activity. It was established that the future teachers of the preschool education institution, first of all, need to work with parents, since the closest environment of the child is the family. Certain aspects of the activities of future educators are disclosed, in which they should pay attention to the individual determination of children’s physical load. The possibilities of the preschool education institution in building its functioning in the direction of modernity, its relations with the surrounding society are revealed. It was established that in order to prepare the future teacher for interaction with the micro-environment of the preschool education institution, it is necessary to teach him to apply various directions of the organization of the innovative institution. It has been proven that the training of future educators can be effective on the basis of knowledge of modern principles of development and formation of a healthy lifestyle for children and parents. The necessity of training future educators to ensure the psychological safety of children during their stay in a preschool institution is revealed. The ability to clearly distinguish personal traits and peculiarities of a child’s mental state, to diagnose signs of children’s stress state, has been established. The main forms and methods of work of future educators regarding the formation of the need for a healthy lifestyle in preschool children have been determined. The principles of openness-closedness, which future educators should follow in their professional activities, are revealed. The main trends in the training of future preschool teachers have been established, which are related to the creation of a full-fledged space for the child’s development and the organization of comprehensive support for the individual development of preschool children. In the preparation of the future educator, special attention is paid to the personality of each child as the highest social value of society, instructions are given for the formation of a citizen with high intellectual, moral and physical qualities. This involves the creation of prerequisites for the development of activity, initiative and creativity of pupils and teachers, their interested interaction, as well as broad public participation in the management of preschool education.

Factors affecting the adoption of farm mechanization in Rupandehi, Nepal

Agricultural mechanization is pivotal in farmer’s fields as it functions more efficiently and helps increase farm productivity. Despite the massive involvement of people in agriculture, farm productivity is relatively low. One main reason for this is the staggered implementation of farm mechanization. This paper aims to explore the factors affecting the adoption of farm mechanization using the Chi-square test and identify the major problems using relative frequency values. A total of 112 respondents, 28 each from 4 municipalities of Rupandehi district were interviewed based on stratified random sampling technique. The results showed that the adoption rates of various farm machinery were notably high, with tractors, cultivators, mills, and sprayers being universally employed by 93.75 % of the surveyed individuals. The government subsidies to only 7% of farmers facilitate machinery procurement. The size of the total cultivated land was found to be significant over the use of harvester, grass cutter, and power tiller, and owing of milling machine. The availability of subsidies and owning of mills were found inter dependent. The annual expenditures of farmers and their access to theCusto m Hiring Centre were found to be significant. Lastly, with index values of 0.402 and 0.393, the high costs of farm machinery and small land holdings were major problems in the adoption of farm mechanization. Therefore, addressing the high initial costs of modern farm equipment, providing targeted subsidies, innovative institution formation to provide better services to marginalized farmers, and expanding extension services are essential steps to promote the adoption of farm mechanization.

Technology Audit: Results of the Assessment of the Technological Maturity of Brazilian Innovation Institutes

The technology audit enables the assessment of the technological capability and thus the technological maturity of an RTO. It focuses on the analysis of the research activities in the R&D service areas of the RTO. This allows for a comprehensive understanding of the technologies used, the research competencies, the technologies developed, and the established technology partnerships of the RTO. Since 2017, technology audits have been conducted to evaluate the technological maturity of Brazilian SENAI innovation institutes (ISI). In the last seven years, 41 audits have been completed, providing ample opportunity to extensively test and refine the methodology. As experts 46 technology auditors from 17 different institutions participated. The extended duration and involvement of numerous experts facilitated continuous improvement of the methodology, necessary processes, and roles as well as needed materials. Two rounds of technology audits were conducted between 2017 and 2023. In the first round until the end of 2019, all 23 operational ISIs were audited, with 15 undergoing re-audits in the second round by the end of 2023. In this paper, the results of the application of the technology audit to assess the technological maturity of Brazilian Innovation Institutes is described. The objective of this evaluation of the application, which this paper undertakes, is to exemplify and verify the methodology of the technology audit. To this end, the background of 26 Brazilian SENAI innovation institutes is outlined to contextualize the use of the technology audit in these RTOs. Subsequently, aggregated results from 41 conducted technology audits are described, and concluding implications for the method are derived.

Study on the role of the Civil Code in promoting the legalization of corporate social responsibility

The promulgation and implementation of the Civil Code of the People's Republic of China provides important legal guarantees for corporate social responsibility (CSR), marking a key process in the transformation of corporate responsibility from moral constraints to legal norms. This paper takes the Civil Code as the core to explore its role in promoting the legalization of corporate social responsibility. First, by analyzing the provisions related to corporate responsibility in the Civil Code, this paper reveals its requirements for the standardization of corporate social responsibility. Secondly, this paper points out that the Civil Code promotes enterprises from self-discipline to external discipline through institutional innovation and responsibility balance mechanism, and promotes the balance between economic development and social interests of enterprises. At the same time, this paper analyzes the impact of the Civil Code on corporate social responsibility and the challenges faced by enterprises in the process of implementation, such as the lack of awareness of legal obligations by enterprises and the legal risks when fulfilling their responsibilities, etc. Finally, this paper puts forward countermeasures and suggestions for further improving the legalization of corporate social responsibility, including strengthening legal supporting measures, improving corporate responsibility awareness and government-driven policy support, in order to provide theoretical support and practical reference for promoting the legalization of corporate social responsibility in my country.

Enhancing Innovation in Higher Education Institutions: Barriers, Actions and Strategic Instruments for Sustainable Innovation

Innovation and sustainability have become increasingly important in recent years in education and research, helping to address global challenges and strengthening the collaboration between universities and industry. Integrating sustainable innovation practices in higher education institutions (HEI) plays a key role in creating a support system for academic and industrial collaboration and delivering value to society. Sustainable innovation involves making intentional changes to an HEI organization's philosophy and values, as well as to its products, processes, or practices. It serves the specific purpose of creating social and environmental value in addition to economic returns. Even so, there is still a need to improve the transfer of knowledge and technology as an integrated system between university and industry. The paper explores how universities develop an environment favourable for innovation while fostering a supportive culture for it. The article presents the findings from round table interviews involving forty participants with the following profiles: research managers, research advisors, innovation advisors, project managers, project support staff, researchers in education processes, support staff for researchers in project implementation, solution development, technology transfer offices, and other similar profiles. For the discussion three exploratory questions were given regarding the problems/barrier’s universities face in sustainable innovation, actions that should be taken to increase innovation potential, and means/instruments of innovation in an academic environment. An extra question was presented looking for suggestions for possible actions and means as strategic steps for a brief period intervention of 6-12 months. This work sheds light on several critical aspects related to sustainable innovation in HEIs by investigating barriers hindering innovative thinking, exploring organizational and individual-level actions, and examining the means and instruments of innovation in an academic environment. The research data has offered valuable insights into effective strategies for overcoming barriers and creating an environment that fosters innovation. Furthermore, the study provides practical recommendations and short-term strategies for empowering universities to create a vibrant culture of innovation and maximize their impact on research, education, and knowledge transfer.

Kewiralembagaan Kyai dalam Menginovasi Institusi Pesantren

This article seeks to explore the institutional innovation practices of Islamic boarding schools carried out by Kyai Malik, namely from being just an institution for cadre cadre of ulama to an institution that also cadres entrepreneurs. Since its inception, Islamic boarding schools have had an innovative character. This institution is the result of innovation from religious educational institutions in the Hindu-Buddhist era. As time goes by, the kyai also make institutional innovations in the Islamic boarding schools they care for, namely by adopting schools at various levels. However, on the other hand, it turns out that schools are less able to carry out their duties as educational institutions that prepare their students to become people who are able to live independently. Responding to this situation, Kyai Malik carried out institutional entrepreneurship practices by innovating his Islamic boarding school, in the form of developing learning methods based on real reality. Real reality-based learning methods are educational methods that adapt entrepreneurial practices directly into the learning process.

Can carbon market efficiency promote green technology innovation for Chinese companies?

The carbon trading scheme is a major institutional innovation for China to promote green and low-carbon economic development. This paper studies the relationship between the carbon market efficiency and enterprises' green technology innovations. First, we assess the efficiency of China's pilot carbon markets using the entropy-based TOPSIS model. Then, we adopt a continuous multi-period difference-in-differences model to explore the effects of carbon market efficiency on firms' green technological innovation. In addition, we analyze the heterogeneous effects of carbon market efficiency with regard to green patent types, industry types, and enterprise ownership. Finally, we examine how carbon market efficiency impacts firms' green innovation. We find that carbon market efficiency can increase enterprises' green patent applications, but the effect is limited. Carbon market efficiency has no discernible impact on green invention patents; it can only enhance green utility model patents. This phenomenon is more prominent in low-energy-consuming industries and private enterprises. We document that carbon market efficiency can enhance enterprises' R&D intensity and policy subsidies, thereby boosting green technology innovation. Our findings have important implications for improving the carbon market efficiency and firms' green technology innovation.

Are farmer organizations effective intermediaries and facilitators of agricultural innovations processes? Evidence from Tunisia

Integration of productivity, resource management, and institutional innovations is crucial across different system levels. Traditional research and extension services face challenges in disseminating innovations effectively, leading to the emergence of the agricultural innovation system (AIS) approach. AIS involves collaboration among various stakeholders to improve the technological, managerial, and institutional aspects of agriculture. Intermediary actors play a pivotal role in facilitating innovation exchange and learning processes. In Tunisia, farmer organizations (FOs) such as Groupements de Développement Agricole (GDAs) and Sociétés Mutuelles de Services Agricoles (SMSAs) are key intermediaries. However, there is a lack of comprehensive assessments of FOs' innovation roles, which this study aims to address using the social network analysis (SNA) method. The findings aim to shed light on FOs' effectiveness as innovation intermediaries and identify potential challenges and benefits associated with their roles in innovation processes through the comparison of three farmers' groups divided by their membership status to detect the effect of FO presence or absence on innovation facilitation and actor's configuration. The studied sample involves 592 farmers from the Kef and Siliana governorates in northwestern Tunisia. The results show that FOs are playing a crucial role in facilitating collaboration and knowledge exchange among farmers and other agricultural actors. However, their effectiveness varies depending on membership status and is always contextually influenced. While FOs contribute to reshaping sales channels and optimizing access to services, they face limitations in promoting inclusivity and equitable knowledge sharing. The recommendations include strengthening FOs' social dimension, addressing trust barriers, and investing in reinforcement measures, especially in human capital, to enhance their functionality. Strengthening measures can take many forms, such as facilitating regulation and investing in capacity building. Long-term strategies should re-evaluate the effectiveness of collective action and focus on fostering a culture of shared learning and local empowerment.