ABSTRACT The Broadband China Strategy (BCS), a key national digital infrastructure initiative, significantly impacts regional economic disparities in China. Using panel data from 282 prefecture-level cities (2008-2021) and a Difference-in-Difference-in-Difference (DDD) approach, the study finds that BCS reduces the regional economic gap by 0.82% in pilot cities relative to non-pilot cities. The strategy narrows disparities through technology adoption, human capital upgrading, and coordinated regional development. Short-term heterogeneity exists, with some cities initially experiencing temporary divergence due to uneven readiness, but convergence dominates in the long run. BCS also generates positive spatial spillover effects, enabling neighboring non-pilot cities to benefit from pilot cities’ digital infrastructure. Effects are particularly pronounced in underdeveloped western regions, where digital platforms accelerate technology diffusion, institutional innovation, and industrial coordination. Overall, findings demonstrate that digital infrastructure can play a critical role in reducing regional inequalities and provide valuable policy insights for inclusive growth and balanced regional development.

This study develops a theoretical and conceptual framework to explain how artificial intelligence (AI) contributes to economic growth through institutional innovation channels. Integrating Schumpeterian growth theory with institutional economics, AI is conceptualized not merely as a productivity-enhancing input but as a general-purpose technology that reduces information asymmetries, lowers transaction costs, and improves governance quality. The paper proposes that AI adoption stimulates institutional innovation, which in turn increases total factor productivity and supports sustainable growth. A stylized-facts analysis based on OECD and World Bank indicators shows that economies with higher digital capacity, R&D intensity, and stronger institutions exhibit superior productivity and growth performance. The findings suggest that the growth effects of AI are conditional on institutional quality and organizational adaptability. The study contributes to the literature by linking technology, institutions, and growth within a unified framework and provides policy implications for digital transformation and long-term development strategies.

This study analyzes the impact of participation in the Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) on financial inclusion across 135 countries from 2007 to 2021. Using an Ordinary Least Squares Interrupted Time Series Analysis (OLS-ITSA), the findings show that BRI participation significantly improves access to financial infrastructure, particularly through increased Automated Teller Machines (ATM) penetration in low- and middle-income countries. However, a decline in life insurance usage and slight increases in borrowing, deposits, and Small Medium Enterprises (SME) lending suggest persistent gaps in broader financial participation and a continued household preference for liquidity. Foreign direct investment (FDI) under the BRI primarily supports traditional financial infrastructure, with limited spillovers into digital finance and SME financing. The outcomes of financial inclusion are also affected by macroeconomic variables such as Gross Domestic Product (GDP) per capita, inflation, and internet penetration. The findings demonstrate how infrastructure investments can alter financial accessibility and align with institutional theory and innovation diffusion models. The study concludes that realizing the full financial inclusion potential of the BRI requires complementary reforms, particularly in digital and institutional finance.

The Yellow River Basin is a vital agricultural and ecological region in China. In recent years, intensified livestock farming has substantially increased chemical oxygen demand (COD) as well as nitrogen and phosphorus emissions, forming a cross-media pollution chain that threatens soil, water, and air. To support sustainable development and agricultural waste utilization, this study constructs a spatiotemporal nested resource estimation model using multi-source data from 1995 to 2022. We then examine the temporal evolution and spatial clustering of livestock waste and develop a multidimensional analytical framework that integrates environmental carrying capacity, socioeconomic factors, and regional heterogeneity. Based on these data-driven assessments, we propose a three-pronged governance system—regional control, technology matching, and institutional innovation—to enable spatially adaptive and actionable solutions for basin-scale pollution mitigation, thereby supporting coordinated ecological and economic development in the Yellow River Basin.

Purpose: to analyze the role of institutional innovation in public administration as a strategic response to social and global turbulence, and to identify key strategies and their implementation challenges in building flexibility, accountability, and public value. Method: this study uses a systematic literature review to analyze academic studies on public administration innovation, adaptive strategies, and cross-sector collaboration. The analysis focuses on identifying innovation patterns, strategies, and challenges amid social and global turbulence. Findings: this study shows that public administration innovation is carried out through adaptive, collaborative strategies and the strengthening of institutional capacity, with the main challenges being structural barriers, bureaucratic culture, and political dynamics, while an orientation towards public values is the key to the success and sustainability of innovation. Implications: this study emphasizes the importance of strategic, adaptive, and public-value-oriented innovation to improve the effectiveness and sustainability of public administration amid social and global turbulence. Originality: this study integrates perspectives on strategy, adaptation, and collaboration in public administration innovation, particularly in the context of social and global turbulence, a topic rarely studied comprehensively.

The article examines theoretical and applied aspects of forming the competitiveness of the national economy under conditions of global economic transformation. It substantiates that competitiveness is a multifactorial phenomenon shaped by the combined influence of institutional, innovative, infrastructural, human, and macroeconomic factors. Particular attention is paid to the role of innovation-driven development, technological modernization, and the quality of the institutional environment as key determinants of long-term economic growth and sustainable competitive advantages. The study analyzes the current state of Ukraine’s innovation potential based on international indices and official statistical data. It identifies critical structural problems, including insufficient funding of research and development, low business participation in innovation activities, limited access to innovation financing, and weak linkages between science and industry. The impact of institutional reforms, digital transformation, external economic factors, and European integration processes on strengthening national competitiveness is also assessed. To quantify the influence of key determinants, an econometric panel data model is proposed, combining spatial and temporal dimensions and controlling for country-specific effects. The model enables identification of priority policy areas and assessment of the relative contribution of each determinant to competitiveness outcomes. The expected results confirm the dominant positive role of institutional quality, human capital, and innovation potential, while infrastructure development and macroeconomic stability act as necessary supporting conditions. The findings can be used in shaping state economic policy, defining strategic development priorities, and designing effective instruments for Ukraine’s post-war recovery, resilience, and integration into the global economic space. Additionally, the study formulates practical policy recommendations aimed at enhancing the effectiveness of innovation policy, institutional governance, and strategic investment in human capital.

ABSTRACT New quality productivity serves as the core engine driving high-quality development of China's manufacturing industry. Grounded in the strategic triangle framework, this study employs dynamic QCA and multi-period fsQCA to deconstruct the generative logic, spatiotemporal evolution, and configuration paths of new quality productivity within China's advanced manufacturing. The findings reveal that: (1) High-level new quality productivity is driven by causal complexity rather than a single factor, with the ‘Strategic Triangle Synergy’ identified as the high-order path for radical productivity leaps. (2) Spatiotemporal analysis uncovers a significant asymmetric pattern, characterised by an ‘Eastern leadership, Central catch-up, and Western and Northeastern structural lag’ distribution. (3) Multi-period analysis indicates a dynamic transformation in new quality productivity drivers from ‘resource accumulation’ during the 13th Five-Year Plan to ‘institutional innovation’ in the 14th Five-Year Plan. This research advances the theoretical understanding of new quality productivity and provides policymakers with adaptive, configuration strategies to foster continuous innovation and industrial upgrading.

This article illustrates how the academic library can serve as a central driver for pan-university innovation leadership. At the University of Colorado Colorado Springs, the Kraemer Family Library became the hub of campus innovation through intentional business model innovation, organizational restructuring, endowment restructuring, and the creation of new externally funded programs. Before the reorganization, new externally funded initiatives were created, including innovation fellowships, design and application labs, and public-private partnership programs, built from grassroots leadership within the library. These efforts proved the model in practice and ultimately led the university to reorganize around the library as the hub of campus innovation, including the appointment of the Dean as the inaugural Chief Innovation Officer for the university. The creation of new initiatives, as well as the reorganization and revision of the library’s role, established it as the central hub of institutional innovation. This case illustrates how libraries can move beyond traditional roles to become effective and sustainable platforms for leaders of pan-university open innovation ecosystems.

This study focused on Adoption of Innovative Technologies for Information Service Delivery by Library Staff in Military Tertiary Institution Libraries in Kaduna State, Nigeria. It is set to achieve 2 objectives among which are to find out types of innovative technologies military tertiary institution will adopt ,to find out the types of information service that can be rendered with innovative technologies ,Quantitative research methodology and a cross-sectional Survey research design were adopted. The study covers the staff of 3 Military Higher Institutions Libraries with a total of 102 professionals and paraprofessional staff. Using Census sampling technique data was collected through questionnaires. One hundred 102 copies of the questionnaire were distributed to the respondents. The study found out that; Blockchain Technology, AI, VR, AR, and IoT are the potential tools for improving information service delivery, in Military Tertiary Institution Libraries in Kaduna State, Nigeria, it also found out that Cloud-Based Library Services and Database Management are potential services for efficient information service delivery, The study concluded the adoption of innovative technologies for information service delivery by library staff in military tertiary institution libraries is crucial for modernizing library operations and aligning with the rapidly evolving digital landscape. The study recommended that the Librarians of Military Tertiary Institution Libraries in Kaduna State, Nigeria in collaboration with the commandant should prioritize the adoption of blockchain technology. Also study recommended that this technology will provide a secure and transparent method for managing library operations, protecting sensitive user information, and ensuring the integrity of data related to resource management and also recommended that the Librarians of Military Tertiary Institution Libraries in Kaduna State, Nigeria with the help of the commandant should address the significant challenges associated with the adoption of innovative technologies for effective information service delivery

The development of artificial intelligence (AI) has transformed public relations practices from tactical functions to creative and analytical partners that accelerate work processes, without completely replacing the role of humans. Globally, AI is used for content production, message personalization, crisis simulation, sentiment analysis, and campaign optimization, while practitioners retain strategic and ethical control. In Indonesia, Telkom University's Bachelor of Digital Public Relations program is an example of AI adoption in the academic public relations ecosystem, encouraging lecturers and students to utilize AI for ethical and high-quality research and assignments. This study analyzes the role of AI as a creative collaborator in public relations practice innovation and educational institutions' strategies in building AI literacy and ethics. The findings show that human-AI collaboration governed by ethical principles and human supervision can improve efficiency, creativity, and work quality, but requires strengthening critical skills and professional responsibility among practitioners and academics

Federalism as a system of government has evolved significantly since its conceptualization, adapting to diverse political, economic, and social contexts across the globe. This research paper examines the intricate dynamics of federalism with specific focus on centre-state relations, analysing how power is distributed, exercised, and contested between national and subnational governments. Through comparative analysis of federal systems including the United States, India, Germany,and Canada, this study explores the tension between cooperative and competitive federalism, the role of fiscal federalism in shaping intergovernmental relations, and the constitutional mechanisms that either facilitate or impede harmonious governance. The paper investigates contemporary challenges such as asymmetric federalism, the impact of globalization on sovereignty distribution, and the rise of populist movements affecting federal cohesion. Drawing on constitutional law, political science, and public administration literature, this research argues that successful federalism requires dynamic equilibrium between autonomy and unity, necessitating institutional innovations that balance regional diversity with national integration. The findings suggest that while no single federal model is universally applicable, certain principles of fiscal equity, judicial arbitration, and democratic participation emerge as critical determinants of sustainable center state relations in pluralistic societies. Keywords: Federalism, Center-State Relations, Cooperative Federalism, Fiscal Federalism, Constitutional Law, Intergovernmental Relations, Asymmetric Federalism, Political Decentralization

Indonesian bankruptcy law, governed by Law Number 37 of 2004, was designed to balance creditor rights with debtor rehabilitation while ensuring orderly insolvency resolution. However, two decades of implementation reveal systemic dysfunction whereby formalistic judicial interpretation has transformed the law into an instrument of strategic litigation rather than equitable dispute resolution. This normative legal research employs statutory, conceptual, case study, and comparative approaches to deconstruct the prevailing application and propose comprehensive reformulation. The study identifies pervasive judicial formalism as the fundamental pathology, wherein courts mechanically apply technical default criteria without substantive inquiry into genuine insolvency or business viability. This enables widespread abuse through strategic bankruptcy filings by competitors and creditors pursuing collateral objectives, resulting in premature liquidation of viable enterprises and substantial economic waste. The research establishes that effective reform requires anchoring the system in two interdependent principles: substantive justice, mandating holistic assessment of debtor financial condition and restructuring prospects beyond procedural compliance, and good faith, functioning as rigorous procedural gatekeeper to filter abusive petitions. Implementation necessitates legislative amendments refining insolvency definitions, explicitly requiring good faith examination, and strengthening rehabilitation mechanisms. Judicial capacity enhancement through specialized training in financial analysis and institutional innovations including dedicated insolvency divisions prove essential. This reformulation framework transforms Indonesian bankruptcy law from strategic weapon into credible instrument serving economic efficiency, commercial justice, and constitutional values, thereby supporting Indonesia's developmental trajectory and investment climate enhancement.

It is a hot topic to enhance the stability, security, and sustainability of industrial chains, against the backdrop of adjustments and rising uncertainty in global value chains. Using Chinese A-share listed firms from 2012 to 2022 as the research sample, this study treats the establishment of Cross-Border E-Commerce Comprehensive Pilot Zones (CBECCPZs) as a quasi-natural experiment and employs a difference-in-differences approach to empirically examine the impact of digital trade (DT) on industrial chain resilience (ICR) and its underlying mechanisms. The findings demonstrate that DT exerts a significantly positive effect on ICR, providing strong support for the long-term sustainability of the economic system. This conclusion remains robust after a series of robustness checks, including the incorporation of high-dimensional fixed effects, exclusion of confounding policy effects, adjustments to the sample, dimension-specific tests, consideration of lagged effects, and propensity score matching. Mechanism analysis reveals that DT strengthens ICR primarily by promoting firms’ digital transformation and improving human capital levels. The heterogeneity results suggest that the contribution of digital trade to resilience differs markedly across structural dimensions: the effect is more significant among firms located in eastern regions, state-owned enterprises, firms operating in regions with higher levels of digitalization, manufacturing firms, firms in more competitive industries, and firms with stronger internal control systems. From the perspective of ICR, this study elucidates the intrinsic mechanisms through which DT fosters high-quality development and sustainable economic growth. The findings provide robust empirical evidence for understanding the strategic role of DT in enhancing the security, stability, and sustainable operation of industrial chains and in building a modern industrial system that is autonomous, controllable, secure, and efficient. Moreover, the study offers important policy implications for governments seeking to advance DT institutional innovation and promote coordinated regional development, as well as for firms aiming to leverage DT to enhance long-term competitiveness and achieve sustainable development goals.

Under the background of the deep integration of new engineering education development and innovation and entrepreneurship education, there is a widespread structural disconnection between traditional practical teaching and innovation and entrepreneurship education in terms of objectives, content, and form.This study investigates the establishment of a comprehensive “innovation and entrepreneurship + research-learning” practice base for undergraduate electronic information engineering programs, proposing a systematic pathway characterized by “three-stage progression and four-dimensional collaboration.” By constructing a three-stage educational ladder consisting of “cognitive experience, project inquiry, and innovation creation,” and supported by a four-dimensional (safeguard mechanism) encompassing “curriculum system, faculty development, platform management, and evaluation feedback,” the model systematically integrates the college’s existing industry-academy cooperation resources, spatial facilities, and information platforms. Empirical evidence confirms that this model not only provides a systematic framework for supporting multi-tiered activities, including academic competitions, innovation workshops, and science-related volunteer services, but also yields marked achievements in talent development, pedagogical innovation, and research commercialization, thereby offering a replicable and scalable paradigm for achieving deep integration of specialization, innovation, and research in application-oriented undergraduate institutions.

ABSTRACT Amid intensifying global efforts to achieve climate neutrality by 2050, driven by landmark agreements such as the Kyoto Protocol and the Paris Agreement, firms are under mounting pressure to embed environmental objectives within their business strategies. Carbon emissions disclosure (CED) has become a key mechanism for signaling environmental responsibility and aligning with these global sustainability expectations. However, in emerging economies where institutional frameworks are still evolving, disclosure practices remain inconsistent. Understanding the strategic, financial, and institutional drivers of CED in such contexts is essential for advancing both corporate transparency and international climate goals. This study examines the conditional effects of institutional pressure and environmental innovation on the nexus between ownership strategy and financing mechanisms and carbon disclosure. Drawing on stakeholder and signaling theories, the analysis uses a panel of 397 energy firms in MENA BRI economies from 2013 to 2023. System GMM estimation addresses endogeneity, while quantile regression explores heterogeneity in disclosure intensity. Findings show that institutional and foreign ownership promote disclosure, whereas family ownership reduces it. Equity financing is positively associated with CED, whereas debt financing discourages it. Institutional pressure and environmental innovation both strengthen these effects, suggesting that firms are more responsive to disclosure imperatives when they face strong external expectations and possess internal sustainability capabilities. This study contributes new insights to the literature on business strategy and the environment. It offers practical guidance for firms and policymakers aiming to improve ESG transparency and accelerate the transition toward climate neutrality by 2050 in carbon‐intensive sectors.

This article has discussed about how rural innovation systems can support sustainable and inclusive development in the rural areas.The system includes technological, institutional, and community innovation interlinkages.It gave importance to the role of intermediaries, multi-actor collaboration, and learning, while considering issues such as inclusivity gaps and scaling limits.This multi-disciplinary approach is going to call for a place-based system that integrates local knowledge, local markets, and digital access in quest of robust rural transformation.

The policy of marketizing data factors, recognized as a pivotal institutional innovation in the digital intelligence era, serves as a crucial catalyst for the high-quality development of enterprises. The intricate nature of export technology, which reflects the high-quality development of these enterprises, interacts synergistically with data marketization, thereby establishing a virtuous cycle. Utilizing data from China’s A-share listed companies spanning the years 2012–2022, this study employs a quasi-natural experiment framework, predicated on the establishment of a data trading center, to develop a difference-in-differences model aimed at assessing the impact of data element marketization on the technological complexity of enterprise exports. The findings indicate that the marketization of data factors significantly enhances the technological complexity of firms’ exports, a conclusion that remains robust across various tests. Mechanistic analyses reveal that marketization of data factors contributes to a reduction in transaction costs, bolsters innovation incentives, mitigates innovation risks, and improves total factor productivity, thereby facilitating an increase in export technological complexity. Furthermore, heterogeneity tests demonstrate notable disparities in the effects of data factor marketization on the enhancement of export technological complexity; specifically, enterprises exhibiting high agile response capabilities, advanced levels of smart technology, deeper applications of smart technology, and those operating within high-monopoly industries experience more pronounced benefits. This research offers new empirical insights into the role of data factors in promoting the high-quality development of trade and serves as a valuable reference for governmental policy formulation.

ABSTRACT The political commissars active in the armed forces of the twentieth century’s socialist states emerged during the Russian Revolution and civil war and spread throughout the world with the growth of the communist movement. Depending on the country and time period, the functions and institutional power of commissars ranged from that of a parallel hierarchy of officers with operational powers, to an integrated part of the officer corps specializing in matters regarding personnel management and education. The commissars’ subsequent development into an essential part of military organization resulted in a distinct system of civil-military relations that differed significantly from that of non-socialist contemporary states. This article provides a condensed overview of commissar-led political instruction as a transnational phenomenon during the first half of the twentieth century. It begins with a brief conceptual discussion of the problem of civil–military relations in the Marxist theory of the state held by the Bolshevik Party. It goes on to argue that the commissar system was an institutional innovation intended to provide a politically acceptable solution to this problem within the context of the Russian Civil War. The article then traces the export of the commissar system through the Communist International, discussing the development of analogous positions among the anti-fascist armed forces of Republican Spain and the Balkan resistance movements. It argues that the commissar form was sufficiently flexible to accommodate a variety of civil–military dynamics reflecting the concrete conditions of each conflict.

Abstract This paper investigates how blockchain‐enabled empowerment alters consumer trust mechanisms regarding food greenness, consequently influencing supply chain decisions and modifying the effectiveness of government green subsidy policies. Specifically, we examine the moderating role of blockchain technology on the performance of two alternative government subsidy schemes (per‐unit and lump‐sum) within a green food supply chain. The results indicate that government subsidies significantly stimulate green innovation among the green food producer and generate downstream benefits. The size of the subsidy coefficient has a dual effect: It simultaneously shapes stakeholders’ preferences between subsidy schemes and acts as a key determinant of blockchain adoption decisions. Under the per‐unit subsidy, the extra revenue that a producer can obtain by misreporting green food output unintentionally becomes an implicit source of funding for quality investment, whereas the adoption of blockchain raises the likelihood that the lump‐sum subsidy will outperform the per‐unit subsidy. Furthermore, for the per‐unit subsidy, the e‐commerce platform as a retailer is more cost‐sensitive toward blockchain application compared to the producer. Lower blockchain implementation cost can improve food greenness and freshness while achieving a Pareto improvement in overall supply chain environmental performance and social welfare. However, when the green Research and Development (R&D) costs are excessively high, blockchain adoption can actually reduce both the environmental sustainability and market demand. These findings offer policymakers valuable insights into how to leverage the synergy between technological empowerment and institutional innovation.

Taking Foshan University’s collaboration with Jieyang City’s Provincial Rural Science and Technology Commissioners as a case study, this paper explores the “Foshan University Model” of empowering rural revitalization through university-united front resources under the “Hundred-Thousand-Ten Thousand Project.” The model focuses on five key aspects: Party-building leadership, targeted collaboration, technological empowerment, talent cultivation, and institutional innovation. By establishing a comprehensive united front framework, it leverages universities’ strengths in talent development, technological expertise, and cultural resources to provide robust scientific support and talent pipelines for Jieyang’s rural revitalization. The research demonstrates that the “Foshan University Model” serves as an effective practice of university-united front resources in rural development, carrying significant theoretical value and practical implications.