Installation Scheme Research Articles

Optimal regime of jet fuel water impregnation by ultrasonic dispersion method

Analyzed is the efficiency of existing method and devices of jet fuel water impregnation, their advantages and disadvantages. Proposed is a principal scheme of installation and optimal regime of jet fuel water impregnation by ultrasonic dispersion method

Acoustic and vibrational characteristics of a propeller–shaft–hull coupled system based on sono-elasticity theory

The three-dimensional sono-elasticity method recently developed by Zou ((2014) Three-dimensional sono-elasticity of ships. PhD Dissertation, China Ship Scientific Research Center, China) and Wu ((1984) Hydroelasticity of floating bodies. PhD Dissertation, Brunel University, UK) is employed to explore the acoustic and vibrational characteristics of a propeller–shaft–hull coupled system. The acoustic field can be solved by introducing Green’s function for the ideal compressible fluid together with the Price–Wu generalized fluid–structure interface boundary conditions. The vibration of a ship structure is governed by the generalized equations, including added mass, damping and restoring coefficients. In order to discover the mechanisms underlying the acoustic and vibrational characteristics of the propeller–shaft–hull coupled system, numerical models for hull structures with a shaft and without a shaft are designated. Through modal analysis, the correlations of the line spectra of acoustic radiation and the corresponding vibration modes of the hull are clearly identified. Through further numerical analysis, the appropriate location of the base for the thrust bearing and installation schemes are recommended.

The Scheme and Hybrid Control for Installation of a Stringing Electric Cable

The Scheme and Hybrid Control for Installation of a Stringing Electric Cable

Seismic Behavior of Posttensioned Concrete Bridge Piers with External Viscoelastic Dampers

This paper investigates the seismic performance of posttensioned concrete piers with external viscoelastic dampers to improve the energy dissipation capacity of this type of structure. An installation scheme for viscoelastic dampers on bridge piers is proposed, and the mechanical models of the damper are analyzed according to the installation scheme. By attaching the viscoelastic dampers to the posttensioned bridge piers, the analytical model of the hybrid system is established using the OpenSees finite element analysis package. Cyclic behavior and time history analyses are conducted on a posttensioned bridge with and without viscoelastic dampers using the established finite element model. The analysis results indicate that the viscoelastic dampers can effectively improve the seismic performance of the bridge structures with posttensioned piers.

低圧用無効電力補償装置の設置方策検討のための経済性評価手法

The installed capacity of photovoltaic (PV) systems has been increasing rapidly due to the enforcement of the feed-in tariff scheme in Japan. However, the reverse power flow from the roof-mounted PV systems could cause the voltage unbalance such as voltage-rises in distribution networks. As for the voltage stabilization with reactive power compensation, SVC (Static Var Compensator) has been installed in the high-voltage distribution network until now. On the other hand, the idea of installing the reactive power compensator in low-voltage distribution network is proposed as a promising alternative with its cost-effectiveness. This report proposes an evaluation method of the cost-effectiveness of the reactive power compensator at low-voltage side. We assumed following three installation schemes: (1) the compensator is installed at a consumer end where PV is installed; (2) the compensators are installed at consumer ends selected from all consumer ends; (3) the compensators are mounted at selected power poles. This method can select the most cost-effective scheme, reflecting the annual cost of the compensator as well as the degree of PV penetration.

Study regarding the non-sinusoidal regime imposed by nonlinear loads

Present paper represents a study concerning the variation of the phase voltages and phase currents acquired from the point of common coupling (PCC) during the functioning of an electro thermal installation with electromagnetic induction. The variation of the electrical parameters is followed on 0.02 seconds and also on 10 seconds using three methods. First method consists in modeling and simulation the electric scheme of the electro thermal installation. The second method uses a power quality analyzer and the third method is using a data acquisition system that contains an adapting interface and a data acquisition board connected to a computer. The variation of the phase voltages and phase currents and also their total harmonic distortions are presented. The electro thermal installation that is studied in this paper is a laboratory device. The technique implies reduce costs and the presented results are very useful in studying the distorting regime generated into the power network by the current harmonic sources.

Recovery of Ceramics and Agricultural Processing's Waste in Sorption Materials for Sewage Treatment from Ions of Heavy Metals

There were studied the adsorption properties of composite materials from a mixture of ceramic work shop and agricultural processing/s waste. There were plotting isotherms of heavy metals’ sorption by composite materials, offered installation and technological scheme of combined sorption materials obtaining.

Application of Vibration Isolators with a Low Stiffness for the Strongly Vibrating Equipment

The paper dwells upon vibration isolators with a low or quasi-zero stiffness. They can provide a low natural frequency less than 1Hz. Different materials for manufacturing were analyzed. Various vibration isolators with quasi-zero stiffness with operating load from 1kg to 1000kg have been calculated. The scheme of installation of invented vibration isolator with a quasi-zero stiffness is offered. Calculations of the working lifetime for a vibration isolator were conducted.

Эффективность эжекционного охла- ждения наддувочного воздуха и особенности ее экспериментальной оценки

To increase the power and fuel economy of internal combustion engines is necessary to achieve high degrees of efficiency and perfection of design of major it systems. One way to increase capacity is turbocharged with intermediate cooling of charging air. Among the systems the intermediate cooling of charge air is the least studied system ejection cooling. In order to improve engine design analyzed the functional and design features of the ejection system, cooling of charge air in an internal combustion engine with a supercharger. These estimates compare the studied system with traditional systems-air cooling, are considered and proved the advantages of the proposed system. The detailed description of the device and principle of operation of a software system ejection cooling. Defined objectives and program of the pilot study and determining the efficiency of extraction system-air cooling. The scheme of installation for the experimental determination of the effectiveness of the proposed system-air cooling. Define the required parameters for the analysis of gas-dynamic phenomena in the system of suction jet cooling during the pilot study, matched with the necessary measuring and recording equipment. The effectiveness of the system ejection-type cooling is assessed by the complex of parameters: the coefficient of ejection, ejector efficiency and thermal efficiency of the cooler, depending on the mode of operation of the engine. The selected places of installation of sensors for measuring pressure, temperature and flow gas streams. The limits to measurements of the parameters for the selected sensors. The methodology and calculated dependences to the experimental evaluation of the efficiency of the ejector, the charge-air cooler and induction system cooling Nadu exhibition of the air in General. The stages of processing of obtained experimental data. Developed methodology and scheme of the setup allows to experimentally evaluate the effectiveness of the ejection system-air cooling and to determine with a reasonable degree of accuracy the best modes of the system.

ON THE FEASIBILITY OF HYDROGEN PRODUCTION BY CONVERSION OF ASSOCIATED METHANE IN GEOTHERMAL WELLS OF THE EASTERN CAUCASUS AND CISCAUCASIA

The paper deals with the feasibility of problem of hydrogen obtaining from associated hydrocarbons at the geothermal wells in the territory of the Eastern Caucasus and Ciscaucasia. Exploration data indicate the presence of large reserves of water dissolved methane in this territory, where one well methane yield debit from 2000 m 3 to 3000 m 3 per day is, on average, from 1000 m 3 to 4000 m 3 per day. It is shown that this creates both economically and environmentally more favorable conditions for the hydrogen production at the well along with the use of thermal energy of underground thermomineral waters. The paper presents the installation scheme for waste thermal energy of geothermal water and casing-head gases utilization with the possibility of hydrogen production by methane conversion directly in the well.

Анализ аккумуляции холода

The aim of this article is to identify opportunities of energy saving during the production of cold. Analysis of the cold
 accumulation in refrigeration units with variable refrigeration load was carried out in order to reduce energy consumption.
 Schemes of ice-water and air conditioning installations, which use ice accumulators, are presented. Varieties of ice
 accumulator cycles and calculation results are provided. Reduced cooling efficiency of the two-stage versus single-stage
 cooling is confirmed. The possibility of replacing ice accumulator with seasonal cold accumulator is considered. A onedimensional
 mathematical model of ice buildup in ice accumulator is offered. The calculation results are compared with
 the characteristics of actual products. Energy saving by replacing ice accumulators with seasonal cold accumulators is
 confirmed by the results of calculations.

Elaboration and research of installation for two-component vibro-blowing dehydration of food production waste

A scheme of installation with a hydraulic pulse drive for the two-component three-stage vibro-blowing dehydration of large portions of food production waste (spirit bards, beer pellet, beet pulp, coffee slime) was developed. The installation provides a periodic automated dehydration of waste in the closed type press-form with the stage-to-stage increasing intensity of the load, created through periodic reciprocating-helical motions of the press-form. Thus, as shown by the results of the experiments on the vibropress prototype and calculated data, an increase in workflow performance (by 2.3 times), decrease in energy intensity (by 3.3 times), reduction of the final moisture content of dehydrated coffee slime (by 2%) at an insignificant complication of the installation design and increase in materials consumption in comparison with the one-component vibro-blowing dehydration is provided. Also, parameters of two-component vibro-blowing load of waste such as oscillation amplitude and frequency of the press-form with a portion of the waste, the maximum pressure and the centrifugal force generated in the medium of the waste in the dehydration process, the peak value of the rotation angle of press-form are reasonably selected. Based on the motion equations of actuating elements of the installation at different stages of the operation cycle of its drive, dependences for determining the load parameters, which can serve as a basis for developing a methodology for design calculation of the studied equipment were obtained.

Analysis of static VAr compensators installed in different positions in electric railways

With the power quality problems of electric railways becoming more and more serious, static VAr compensators (SVCs) have been widely used for power quality management. SVCs can be installed in the low-voltage side of traction substations, the high-voltage side of traction substations or the electric railway power supply side of substations. Different installation positions result in different compensation effects. In this study, characteristics of harmonic and negative sequence currents in the low-voltage and high-voltage sides of traction substations are analysed theoretically. Four schemes with SVCs in different installation positions are proposed. Then based on the measured datum and waveforms, simulation of each scheme is implemented, respectively, using PSCAD/EMTDC software. By comparing the compensation effects of the four schemes, the best SVC installation scheme in the low-voltage side of the traction substation is recommended for the measured traction substation. With SVC, the electric railway will have a less negative effect on the power grid. This study can also be applied to other SVC applications with non-linear loads, such as arc furnaces, rolling mills or electrochemical devices.

Pressure-Discharge Law of Local Tanks Connected to a Water Distribution Network: Experimental and Mathematical Results

In many Mediterranean countries, users store water resources in private tanks, which are typically located on rooftops. These local reservoirs are generally connected directly to the water distribution network (WDN). This installation scheme causes a disconnection of the WDN from the users, and thus, the users’ water supply is no longer linked to their consumption, which changes the network operating conditions from the designed conditions. For WDNs characterized by the presence of several private tanks, specific models have to be developed to correctly simulate the operation of the WDN while accounting for reservoirs located between the hydraulic network and users. Some mathematical models that are able to reproduce the tank emptying/filling cycles have already been developed, which combine a tank continuity equation with a float valve emitter law. In the present work, a new emitter law is proposed that improves the predictability of actual models. The new formulation takes into account the variation of the emitter coefficient and of the discharge area during the phases of the filling process of private tanks. Specifically, hyperbolic tangent laws were adopted. A comparison between the proposed mathematical model and the experimental data demonstrated the ability of the new law to estimate the flow discharging into private tanks independently of the float valve branch and of the pressure in the network. The developed model can easily be implemented in hydrodynamic models to take private tanks into account.

비대칭 위치의 수중 구조물 설치를 위한 러그 위치 산정 및 리프팅 동역학 해석

RGT(Riser Guide Tube) is a part of mooring on the bottom of a turret system to be connected with a production riser, and DBSC(Diverless Bend Stiffener Connector) is a latching component between them. In this paper, appropriate lug arrangement is decided mathematically for the case that a DBSC is lifted and installed on a RGT under the water while FPSO is under construction. Considering asymmetric arrangement & position of RGT and initial lug position, additional lug positions are determined by using an optimization method. The modified installation scheme with new lug points is investigated with a lifting simulation system, SIMSON. The simulation result shows that the installation of DBSC on RGT under the given conditions is quite feasible; therefore the mathematical method is proven to be appropriate.

Cavitation Treatment of High-Viscosity Marine Fuels for Medium-Speed Diesel Engines

The paper considers processes of treatment for fuels with high sulphur content, when applied in marine medium-speed diesel engines. The paper describes features of operating marine medium-speed diesel engine fuel systems with high-viscosity fuels. The paper offers an option for the cavitation fuel treatment to disrupt the sulphur-carbon bonds in the marine fuels. The authors developed a scheme of the experimental installation, which allows performing cavitation fuel treatment. The results of the analysis are provided in the paper, as well as the fuel cavitation treatment effect on sulphur wear of diesel engine cylinder and piston assembly parts (bushing and top piston ring) is analysed, as well as its operational parameters (maximum cylinder pressure, gases temperature in the exhaust manifold).

Analysis of the Flow Field of Carrier-Based Aircraft Exhaust Jets Impact on the Flight Deck

In order to provide some references for suitability of carrier-based aircrafts, this paper studies the flow field of exhaust jets and its impact on the flight deck. The geometrical models of aircraft carrier and carrier-based aircrafts are firstly built, on which unstructured tetrahedral meshes are generated for numerical analysis. Then, this paper simulates the flow field of exhaust jets to evaluate its impact on the Jet Blast Deflector (JBD) and the flight deck, when four carrier-based aircrafts are ready to start off in the bow. The standard k-<TEX>${\varepsilon}$</TEX> equations, three-dimension N-S equations and the Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) theory are used in the analysis process. To solve the equations, the thermal coupling of the wind and the jet flow are also considered. The velocity and temperature distributions are provided with the simulation of the CFD software, FLUENT. The results indicate that: (1) this analytical method can be used to simulate aerodynamic problems with complex geometrical models, and the results are of high reliability; (2) the safety working area, the installation scheme of the JBD and the arrangement of the take-off position can be optimized through analysis.

Optimal Installation Scheme of Surge Arrester on Distribution Network

Surge arrester is an effective measure to protect distribution lines from lightning strikes. But high costs will be spent on the maintenance of a great many surge arresters in 10kV distribution line. Taking the relationship between reliability and economical efficiency into consideration, aiming at installation density of surge arrester, this paper established the effective simulation models of direct lightning stroke overvoltage and induced overvoltage by ATP-EMTP. Finally, this paper presented the optimal installation scheme of surge arrester on the basis of the simulation and analysis of the lightning withstand level. The simulation results provide references for the optimal installation scheme of surge arrester on the distribution network.

Aspects of Chemical Technology Teaching at University

International Educational Technology Conference has been founded in 2001. The first of “The International Educational Technology Symposium (IETS)” was held at Sakarya University in Turkey in 2001, and this year IETC 2014 will be organized in USA. As it is written in the official document IETC “is an international, non-profitable, educational technology activity with the mission of educational technology in education and its practical application.” During 13-th conferences different aspects of education on different levels have been presented.In this presentation I would like to discuss some aspects of Chemical Technology teaching at university. It is a very specific problem. Why? University is not a technical school, there are not given any engineering courses except chemical technology. Usually students at university have not well enough technical background. Faculty of Chemistry University of Warsaw is a large research and teaching centre with fully developed programmes in fields of chemistry. Among many courses given at our faculty Chemical Technology belongs to courses difficulties making students. Chemical Technology Division experiences will be presented in context of the course contents, student teacher communication, types of supporting materials for lecture and laboratory. There will be presented examples of experiments manuals, schemes of installations for periodic and continuous chemical processes, unit operations and unit processes simulations using CHEMCADTM version 6 program.

Monitoring and Logistics of Erection of Prefabricated Modular Buildings

Prefabricated buildings and structures are mounted from uniform prefabricated three-dimensional units, providing strength, preset thermal properties of structures, dynamic stability, immutability of geometric dimensions of the prefabricated elements during their manufacture, transportation, and installation in special and difficult conditions. A three-dimensional unit is a combined system, comprehensively elaborated by technologists, designers, and constructors, the parameters of which are optimized in terms of manufacturability, transportation, installation, dismantling, convenience, and safety of the buildings. The multi-factor model of the system was built under the condition of minimizing the reduced costs, labor input, transportation, and erection of buildings. Methods of projects monitoring are linked to the analysis of transport schemes of delivery and installation of modules with the choice of parameters of the jib crane at erection of transformable buildings. The options of transport schemes (road, rail, water - ferry, air - helicopter and airship) have also been considered. The choice of transportation means is defined by the range of transportation and estimated relative values of the labor input, the cost and duration of transportation and installation of modules.