Insertion Of Material Research Articles

Allergic reactions to bioimplants

Bioimplants are used in avariety of ways in otorhinolaryngology, most commonly in facial reconstructive surgery, cochlear implants (CI), bone-anchored hearing aids, and partial/total ossicular replacement prostheses (PORP/TORP), but also for tympanic drainage, laryngeal cannula, voice prostheses after laryngectomy, etc., and in otorhinolaryngology-related procedures as dental implants in dentistry. Aliterature search was performed to analyze the immunology of allergic reactions to bioimplants and to determine the available evidence by searching Medline, PubMed, and national and international study and guideline registries and the Cochrane Library. Human studies published in the period up to and including 12/2021 were considered. Based on the international literature and previous experience, areview of allergies to bioimplants in otolaryngology is presented. Otorhinolaryngologists should always consider the possibility of allergic reactions when inserting allogeneic materials, particularly, but not only, when using bioimplants.

Aqueous spray-drying synthesis of alluaudite Na2+2xFe2−x(SO4)3 sodium insertion material: studies of electrochemical activity, thermodynamic stability, and humidity-induced phase transition

In pursuit of high-energy density sodium insertion materials, polyanionic frameworks can be designed with tuneable high-voltage operation stemming from inductive effect. Alluaudite Na2Fe2(SO4)3 polysulfate forms one such earth-abundant compound registering the highest Fe3+/Fe2+ redox potential (ca. 3.8 V vs. Na/Na+). While this SO4-based system exhibits high voltage operation, it is prone to thermal decomposition and moisture attack leading to hydrated derivatives, making its synthesis cumbersome. Also, the Na–Fe–S–O quaternary system is rich with (anhydrous to hydrated) phase transitions. Herein, we demonstrate scalable aqueous-based spray drying synthesis of alluaudite Na2+2xFe2−x(SO4)3 sodium insertion material involving the formation of bloedite Na2Fe(SO4)2·4H2O as an intermediate phase. Moreover, a reversible phase transition from alluaudite to bloedite under controlled conditions of temperature and relative humidity is reported for the first time. Thermochemistry measurements revealed the enthalpies of formation (ΔH°f) of alluaudite and bloedite are exothermic. Hydrated bloedite (ΔH°f = −117.16 ± 1.10 kJ/mol) was found to be significantly more energetically stable than anhydrous alluaudite (ΔH°f = −11.76 ± 1.25 kJ/mol). The calorimetric data support the observed synthesis and transformation (hydration-dehydration) pathways. Spray drying route led to spherical morphology delivering capacity ~80 mAh/g. Spray drying can be extended for rapid economic synthesis of sulfate class of battery materials.

Manganese-Based Tunnel-Type Cathode Materials for Secondary Li-Ion and K-Ion Batteries.

The rational design of novel cathode materials remains a key pursuit in the development of (post) Li-ion batteries. Considering the relative ionic and Stokes radii and open frameworks with large tunnels, Na-based compounds can act as versatile cathodes for monovalent Li-ion and post-Li-ion batteries. Here, tunnel-type sodium insertion material Na0.44MnO2 is demonstrated as an intercalation host for Li-ion and K-ion batteries. The rod-shaped Na0.44MnO2 was synthesized by a solution combustion method assuming an orthorhombic structure (space group Pbam), which led to Na0.11K0.27MnO2 (NKMO) and Na0.18Li0.51MnO2 (NLMO) cathodes for K-ion batteries and Li-ion batteries, respectively, via facile electrochemical ion exchange from Na0.44MnO2. These new compositions, NKMO and NLMO, exhibited capacities of ∼74 and 141 mAh g-1, respectively (at a rate of C/20), with excellent cycling stability. The underlying mechanistic aspects (structural changes and charge storage mechanism) in these cathode compositions were probed by combining ex situ structural, spectroscopy, and electrochemical tools. Tunnel-type Na0.44MnO2 forms a versatile cathode material for non-aqueous alkali-ion batteries.

High rate of tibial post-fracture in highly cross-linked polyethylene compared to conventional polyethylene in posterior-stabilized total knee arthroplasty at a minimum 12-year follow-up.

The purpose of this study was to assess tibial post-fracture between highly cross-linked polyethylene (HXPE) and conventional polyethylene inserts in consecutive posterior-stabilized (PS) total knee arthroplasty (TKA) over a minimum 12-year follow-up period. Between January 2007 and June 2008, a consecutive series of 2446 primary TKAs was performed in 1478 patients at a single institution. The final cohort was classified into two groups (1559 in the HXPE group and 887 in the conventional group) based on the insert material used during the procedure. The mean follow-up period was 13.1years in the HXPE group and 13.4years in the conventional group. All 16 cases of tibial post-fracture occurred in the HXPE group. This complication rate was 1.03%. The mean elapsed time from primary TKA to the diagnosis of post-fracture was 3.9years (range 0.5-10.0years). Ten cases required replacement with a thicker polyethylene insert, and six cases underwent tibial revision surgery. There were no cases of tibial post-fracture in the conventional group. Tibial post-fracture is not a rare complication in PS TKA with HXPE. Therefore, the possibility of a tibial post-fracture should be considered if newly developed pain, acute subluxation, effusion, patellar clunking, or instability occurs in patients treated with PS Scorpio knee system TKA using an HXPE insert. IV.

Thermo-Oxidative Behavior of Four-Directional Carbon-Carbon Composites as Throat Inserts for Solid Propulsion Systems

Abstract Carbon-carbon (C-C) composites are considered as one of the ideal materials of construction for high-temperature applications in rockets and dimensionally stable structures for satellites. Thermo-oxidative behavior of four-directional (4D) C-C composites makes it a candidate material for throat inserts of nozzles in solid propulsion systems. For the realization of throat inserts, although 4D C-C composites can be manufactured by different process methodologies, its selection is crucial, as the methodology dictates the material behavior to meet the functional requirements. In this study, high-density 4D C-C composites are manufactured through a unique combination of processes, which can meet the functional requirements. Thermostructural behavior of 4D C-C composites in an oxidative environment is studied, and critical insights on the performance of the material are established. The material behavior of 4D C-C composites is examined with respect to the operating environment. The phenomenon of ablation for 4D C-C composites is investigated through plasma arc jet testing. The ablation mechanism of the material and its constitutive behavior is proposed.

Fabrication and characterization of SiC sandwich material for Flow Channel Inserts in HT-DCLL blanket by gel casting

Flow Channel Inserts (FCIs) are key elements in the high temperature DCLL blanket concept since they provide the required thermal insulation between the He-cooled structural steel and the hot PbLi flowing at a maximum temperature of 700 °C, and the necessary electrical insulation to minimize magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) effects. In this paper, the use of SiC-sandwich material for FCIs consisting of a porous SiC core (thermal and electrical insulator) covered by a dense Chemical Vapor Deposition (CVD) SiC layer (protection against PbLi infiltration) has been studied. Lab-scale FCI prototypes were produced by the gel casting method and characterized in terms of thermal and electrical conductivities (the latter before and after exposure to ionizing radiation) and flexural strength. Corrosion tests under flowing PbLi at 500–700 °C in presence of a magnetic field up to 5 T were performed obtaining promising results regarding the reduction of MHD pressure drop and the compatibility of SiC and PbLi under dynamic conditions. Additionally, thermomechanical finite elements simulations were performed in a 3D channel geometry to identify black spots regarding thermal stresses.

Magnetic structure of fluorophosphate Na2MnPO4F sodium battery material

The magnetic structure and properties of fluorophosphate Na2MnPO4F sodium insertion material, assuming a monoclinic (s.g. P21/n, #14) framework, were examined with the help of magnetic susceptibility and neutron powder diffraction. A long-range antiferromagnetic ordering was observed below the Néel temperature (TN) ∼10.4 ​K. Low temperature neutron powder diffractograms were refined to obtain the magnetic structure of fluorophosphate Na2MnPO4F. Below the TN, a commensurate antiferromagnetic spin structure was observed with a propagation vector k = (0, 0, 0), described by the magnetic space group P21/c' (#14.78). The magnetic order is presumably driven by the superexchange interactions via corner-shared F atoms of the octahedral Mn2O8F2 chains running along b-axis.

Effect of configuration of insert material on the strength of friction lap spot dissimilar material joint by using insert material

The authors have already clarified that it is possible to join CFRP and Al alloy by using friction lap spot joining, which is an application of friction lap joint to spot joining, by using an insert material. In this study, in order to clarify the effect of insert material shape on the joint strength of friction lap joined dissimilar metal joints using insert materials, the strength of joints using mesh-shaped PET and joints using flat plate PET was evaluated by maximum tensile shear test. The maximum tensile shear load of joint using mesh-shaped PET as insert material was significantly lower than that of joint using flat plate PET. On the other hand, the apparent joining area increased significantly in joints using a mesh shape as an insert material. It is considered that the molten PET flows relatively freely to fill the gaps in the lattice, increasing the apparent joining area.

A phantom study comparing low-dose CT physical image quality from five different CT scanners.

To systematically evaluate the physical image quality of low-dose computed tomography (LDCT) on CT scanners from 5 different manufacturers using a phantom model. CT images derived from a Catphan 500 phantom were acquired using manufacturer-specific iterative reconstruction (IR) algorithms and deep learning image reconstruction (DLIR) on CT scanners from 5 different manufacturers and compared using filtered back projection with 2 radiation doses of 0.25 and 0.75 mGy. Image high-contrast spatial resolution and image noise were objectively characterized by modulation transfer function (MTF) and noise power spectrum (NPS). Image high-contrast spatial resolution and image low-contrast detectability were compared directly by visual evaluation. CT number linearity and image uniformity were compared with intergroup differences using one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA). The CT number linearity of 4 insert materials were as follows: acrylic (95% CI: 120.35 to 121.27; P=0.134), low-density polyethylene (95% CI: -98.43 to -97.43; P=0.070), air (95% CI: -996.16 to -994.51; P=0.018), and Teflon (95% CI: 984.40 to 986.87; P=0.883). The image uniformity values of GE Healthcare (95% CI: 3.24 to 3.83; P=0.138), Philips (95% CI: 2.62 to 3.70; P=0.299), Siemens (95% CI: 2.10 to 3.59; P=0.054), Minfound (95% CI: 2.35 to 3.65; P=0.589), and Neusoft (95% CI: 2.63 to 3.37; P=0.900) were evaluated and found to be within ±4 Hounsfield units (HU), with a range of 0.99-2.76 HU for standard deviations. There was no statistically significant difference in CT number linearity and image uniformity across the 5 CT scanners under different radiation doses with IR and DLIR algorithms (P>0.05). The resolution level at 10% MTF was 6.98 line-pairs-per-centimeter (lp/cm) on average, which was similar to the subjective evaluation results (mostly up to 7 lp/cm). DLIR at all 3 levels had the highest 50% MTF values among all reconstruction algorithms. For image low-contrast detectability, the minimum diameter of distinguishable contrast holes reached 4 mm at a 0.5% resolution. Increasing the radiation dose and IR strength reduced the image noise and NPS curve peak frequency while improving image low-contrast detectability. This study demonstrated that the image quality of CT scanners from 5 different manufacturers in LDCT is comparable and that the CT number linearity is unbiased and can contribute to accurate bone mineral density quantification.

Исследование структуры и свойств фрикционного композиционного материала на основе железной матрицы

The continuous increase in the speed and load of railway transport operating in a wide range of climatic zones of the Russian Federation creates a need to develop new friction materials with the improved performance properties that can ensure high functioning reliability of the electric switch mechanisms. The paper presents the results of the study of the microstructure, physical, mechanical, and operational properties of a new material for friction inserts based on an iron matrix for the switch gear clutches. The new material composition includes such components as Fe, Cu, BaSO4, SiO2, C, and Zn. The authors propose a technique for selecting materials with the specified performance properties based on the results of the research carried out using the experiment factorial planning. For this purpose, the authors carried out the studies and established a relationship between the values of microstructure indicators, physical, mechanical and operational properties of the materials with different quantitative composition of components. The grain boundary density was proposed as an indicator of the dissipative properties of the material, and the possibility of its application as a structural parameter for evaluating the friction material performance characteristics. To assess the friction material performance characteristics, which determine the possibility of its application as a part of the friction clutches of the electric switch mechanism, the authors proposed a new parameter – the endurance period . Another service property was the deviation of the friction coefficient ƒ values in the range of values of the clamping force of the electric switch mechanism. According to the results of bench tests of a new friction material within the friction clutches of the electric switch mechanism, the authors identified a high wear resistance of the material and the possibility of its use in severe climatic conditions. The proposed testing technique allows predicting the performance properties of new materials at the stage of studying the microstructure based on the obtained dependences, which can significantly narrow the search range.

Effect of Differences in Insert Materials of Cutout Block on Dose Distribution in Electron Radiotherapy: Comparison between Measurements and Monte Carlo Simulation

In electron beam radiotherapy, an irradiation field is created with a cutout block using a low melting point lead alloy. The block can be replaced with a lead plate as a shield. Dose distribution is expected to be affected by differences in the material and thickness of the shield. Thus, this study aimed to investigate the cause of differences in dose distribution by reproducing the electron beam irradiation condition via Monte Carlo simulation, comparing dose distribution when each shield is used and analyzing energy fluence distribution. Radiation interaction in the treatment device manufactured by Varian was assessed using the general-purpose simulation code, and the dose distribution in the water was calculated. Electron energy fluence and incident angle of the electron fluence incident on the water surface were analyzed, and the effect of the difference in the shield was investigated in the irradiation field limited to 3 cm or less. Regarding dose distribution, the deviation in the buildup area became larger when the lead plate was made thinner. A difference of 1.6-6.8% was observed on an average when comparing the buildup region of depth dose distributions except for 1×1 cm2 field. In electron energy fluence, the lower the lead thickness, the higher the low energy component, which affected the buildup region. The effect was greater as the electron beam energy increased. It was possible to evaluate the difference in scattered radiation between the low melting point lead alloy and the lead plate by MC simulation. Based on the study findings, the effect of scattered electrons generated from the block was strong as a factor.

Similarity between the redox potentials of 3d transition-metal ions in polyanionic insertion materials and aqueous solutions.

The transition-metal ions in a solid matrix are oxidised and reduced via a solid-state redox reaction during the charge/discharge process of lithium insertion materials, which are commonly used as positive and negative electrodes in lithium-ion batteries. Therefore, the electrode potentials of lithium insertion materials should be different from the redox potentials of transition-metal ions in aqueous solution (i.e., the standard electrode potential). In this study, the solid-state redox potentials of the transition-metal ions in polyanionic materials with three distinct structures (i.e., olivine, NASICON-type, and MOXO4-type structures, where M = 3d transition-metal ion, and X = P or S) were surveyed to understand the electrode potentials of lithium insertion materials. The redox potentials of the transition-metal ions in polyanionic materials were very similar to those in aqueous solution despite the differences between the environments of these ions in the MO6 octahedron in polyanionic materials and the aqua complexes of [M(H2O)6]n+ in aqueous solutions. The high coefficient of determination (R2 ≈ 0.990) of these two potentials indicated that the solid-state redox potential for the lithium insertion reaction in polyanionic materials can be estimated using the standard electrode potential of the corresponding transition-metal ion in aqueous solution. Finally, the similarity between the redox potentials of the transition-metal ions in polyanionic materials and those in aqua complexes is discussed from the thermodynamic perspective. The present findings on the similarity of the redox potentials of transition-metal ions in different media could provide useful insights into the design of novel insertion materials for rechargeable batteries based on lithium, sodium, potassium, and magnesium, among other metals.

Influence of fiber insertion and different material type on stress distribution in endocrown restorations: a 3D-FEA study

The study aimed to evaluate the effects of fibers insertion and restorative material type on the stress distribution in endocrowns with finite element analysis. Five 3D models of first mandibular molars were created and restored as follows: (1) IN: intact tooth, (2) IPS-E: tooth restored with lithium disilicat ceramic endocrowns, (3) C-E: tooth restored with composite endocrowns, (4) IPS-E + F: lithium disilicate ceramic endocrowns + fiber, (5) C-E + F: composite endocrowns + fiber. Vertical masticatory load was imitated with finite element analysis. The equivalent stress of von Mises failure criterion (mvM) was calculated. The maximum mvM stress, enamel/crown, dentin and cement were compared among models and strength of the materials. Endocrowns presented a lower mvM stress level than intact tooth. In IPS-E, the mvM stress values in the crown and dentin were higher than C-E, while the mvM stress values in cement were higher in C-E group. Fibers insertion did not affect the stress level of IPS-E and C-E groups. In IPS model, fiber showed more stress absorption than C-E. The restorative material type changed the stress distribution of endocrown restorations. The fiber application did not affect the stress distribution in either endocrown group. But, more stress absorption was observed in fiber under IPS-E than C-E.

Optimization of a knee implant with different biomaterials using finite element analysis

The current study aims to examine the stress behavior along with the Knee Implant components namely femoral, tibial cushion, and the tibial insert where the femoral and tibial insert components are made of Ti–6Al–4V alloy and the tibial cushion component is varied with different polymer-based biomaterials like Ultra High Molecular Weight Polyethylene (UHMWPE), Poly-Ether-Ether-Ketone (PEEK) and Polymethyl Methacrylate (PMMA). A three-dimensional (3D) computer-aided design (CAD) of knee implant is prepared using Autodesk Fusion 360 modeling software. The static structural analysis is carried considering a load of 2000 N (3 times the body weight of an average 68 kg person). Three material models are used in which the femoral and tibial insert materials are kept constant and only the tibial cushion material is varied. The purpose of this study is to test the applicability of PEEK and PMMA bio-materials in the field of knee prosthetics using a numerical approach. The PEEK and PMMA materials are mostly used in spinal implants, dental implants, and hip replacement surgeries which need to verify using Finite Element Analysis (FEA). The static structural deformation and the von-Mises stress behavior of the femoral, tibial cushion, and tibial insert are analyzed and studied. The Material Model (MM-I) with a tibial cushion made of UHMWPE material, and the femoral and tibial insert made of Ti-6Al-4V alloy shows better stress behavior (Minimum stress generation) than the other material models. This study validates the reason for preference of UHMWPE material over any other biomaterial, for the tibial cushion component of a knee implant.

RETRACTED: Development of multi sensor fusion based DAQ for in-process TCMS: Experimental and empirical analysis

In order to manufacture low-cost, high-quality goods, in-process tool condition monitoring is an essential responsibility in the manufacturing industry. In this study, a multisensor fusion technique was used to build and execute an effective and reliable TCM system in turning operations with coated and uncoated tungsten carbide inserts. In dry turning, an attempt has been made to optimize the turning process parameter and monitor the tool's condition. Acoustic optic emission based sensor i.e., Laser Doppler Vibrometer and FLIR E60 infrared thermal camera are strategically placed near the machining zone. Thermal images and vibration signals are recorded using an appropriate charge amplifier. To extract characteristics from numerous sensor data, a National Instruments data acquisition (NI-DAQ) system is constructed utilizing LabVIEW software. Thermal images are used to gather temperatures from tool-work piece locations. Vibration signals are translated into vibration parameters. These characteristics serve as the foundation for establishing in-process TCMS. Tool wear, vibrational displacements (Disp), and cutting temperature are investigated as a result of varied tool insert materials and process conditions (CT). Utilizing ISO 10816-3, ISO 3685, and ISO-18434-2008 standards, the cutting tool condition was assessed using extracted features from multi sensor fusion techniques. For Ti-6Al-4 V, the displacement of uncoated and coated tools increased by 65.28% and 44.71%, respectively. For AISI 316L flank wear, the uncoated insert effected 41% and the coated insert impacted 24.14%, respectively. While machining Al7075, the relationship of depth of cut and feed rate on flank wear maintains an identical trend. It is discovered that both temperature and displacement have a significant role in the evolution of flank wear, which is examined in depth. This paper recognizes the use of multi-sensor data in tool condition monitoring when rotating with various cutting tool inserts.

Sustainable machining: environmental performance analysis of turning

ABSTRACT The manufacturing sector accounts for 40% and 25% of global energy and resources consumption respectively. Machining is one of the most power-intense operations in the manufacturing sector making a significant contribution to the environmental footprint. The purpose of this study is to identify the key parameters that contribute towards the environmental impacts of conventional turning. A set of experiments was designed using the Taguchi L9 method. Experiments were performed to analyse the electrical energy consumption, metalworking fluid (MWF) consumption, surface roughness, and material removal rate during turning of AISI P20 with both wet and dry machining. A life cycle assessment (LCA) was conducted to assess the environmental performance of turning. A multi-response optimisation was performed to identify the optimum operating conditions. The results show that turning with wet machining yields better machining and environmental performance compared to dry machining. The LCA results reveal that electrical energy is the highest contributor under most of the impact categories, while the effect of MWF is negligible. The use of workpiece material and cutting insert material contribute significantly to the impacts under aquatic ecosystem and resource depletion damage categories. Further, optimum parameters were proposed considering both machining performance and environmental impact.

Novel Perylene-3, 4, 9, 10-tetracarboxylic dianhydride modified Zr-MOFs/Graphene oxide membrane for dye wastewater treatment

A new type of composite membrane was prepared through the vacuum filtration self-assembly, in which, graphene oxide (GO) was the basic material, and the horizontal insertion material is product of perylene-3, 4, 9, 10-tetracarboxylic dianhydride (PTCDA) and UiO-66-NH2 (PTCDA-UiO-66-NH2). The leading role of Π-Π conjugate, auxiliary effect of hydrogen bonding during membrane preparation have been confirmed through Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), UV–visible spectrophotometer, Raman spectroscopy, and X-ray diffraction (XRD). The prepared GO@PTCDA-UiO-66-NH2 membrane had new nodular structure compared to GO membrane by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and atomic force microscopy (AFM), which promoted the water transport. In addition, the insertion of PTCDA-UiO-66-NH2 narrowed the actual filtration spacing between GO sheets, and PTCDA-UiO-66-NH2 could also adsorbed dye laterally. Experiments showed that the permeance of GO@PTCDA-UiO-66-NH2 membrane was 1.7 times of GO membrane, and the removal of methyl blue, congo red, crystal violet and disperse black 9 was close to 100%. Under extreme pH, high salt concentration and multiple recycling, its separation ability was still excellent. The GO@PTCDA-UiO-66-NH2 membrane constituted a unique synergistic structure of vertical-screening and horizontal-adsorption, which successfully overcame the trade-off effect and obtained excellent stability of structure and performance. Therefore, GO@PTCDA-UiO-66-NH2 membrane had great potential in practical applications.

Effects of tube potential selection together with computed tomography automatic tube current modulation on CT imaging performance

The effects of tube potential selection with a computed tomography (CT) automatic tube current modulation (ATCM) system on radiation dose and image quality have been investigated on a Canon CT scanner. The use of different values of tube voltage for imaging, and the appropriate settings of the ATCM system, were evaluated. The custom-made phantom consisted of three sections of different sizes with inserts of various materials. It was scanned using tube potentials of 80–140 kV and different image quality ATCM settings. CTDIvol and image quality in terms of noise, contrast, and contrast-to-noise ratio (CNR) for air, polyethylene (PE), acrylic, polyoxymethylene (POM) and polyvinylchloride (PVC) were analysed. A figure of merit (FOM) was estimated by combining CNR and CTDIvol. CTDIvol values were similar for all values of tube voltage and individual image quality ATCM settings when tube current was not restricted by the maximum value. The contrasts were independent of ATCM image quality setting, but CNR increased at the higher image quality level as image noise decreased. Both contrast and CNR decreased with increasing tube voltage for PVC and PE, but increased for POM and acrylic. PVC was the only insert material for which there was a significant improvement in contrast at lower tube potentials. FOM indicated that standard (SD = 10) and low dose (SD = 12.5) ATCM settings might be appropriate. The optimum tube voltage settings for imaging the PVC was 80−100 kV, but not for the lower contrast POM and acrylic, for which the standard tube voltage setting of 120 kV was better. The tube potential should be carefully set to gain radiological protection optimisation and keep the radiation dose as low as possible. Results indicate that 100 kV is likely to be appropriate for imaging small and medium-sized Thai patients when iodine contrast is used.

Results of studies of the direct current generator of low-temperature nitrogen-propane plasma

The effect of propane-butane addition to the plasma-forming gas on the state of cathodes with inserts made from lanthanated tungsten and hafnium is investigated. With a small propane addition (1%), the restorative effect of the insert material is noted, and the propane consumption has an upper limit when it is introduced together with the plasma-forming gas (no more than ∼ 73% of the plasma-forming gas consumption), below which the arc stability is not disturbed.

Geometrically modified auxetic polyurethane foams and their potential application in impact mitigation of masonry structures

Hollow block masonry buildings constructed alongside busy roads are vulnerable to vehicular impacts resulting in damage to property and harm to the building and vehicle occupants. This paper presents a method for the design and insertion of various forms of geometrically modified auxetic foam structures inside the hollow cores of block masonry walls for mitigating the adverse effects of such impacts. Due to the low tensile strength of masonry, the insertion material should possess high energy absorption characteristics and high strength for impact damage mitigation which can be achieved through auxetic foams with negative Poisson’s ratio. To this end, finite element models of geometrically modified auxetic foams (GMAFs) are developed by inserting thin polyester sheets and hollow acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS) tubes of various geometries into conventional polyurethane foams. The proposed geometrical configurations of inserted tubes and sheets result in auxetic behaviour of the conventional foam with a maximum negative Poisson’s ratio of about −12. These foam models are validated analytically and then employed to model masonry walls with auxetic foam insertions in the hollow cores of blocks. These masonry wall models are then analysed under high-velocity lateral impacts. Results show the beneficial change in the failure mechanism of the masonry walls which altered from severe damage of wall face to the rebound of the impactor without penetration by reducing the displacement by four times, due to the presence of the auxetic foam insertions. This phenomenon occurred due to the significant energy dissipation caused by the combined effects of the re-entrant shaped hollow tubes and thin polyester sheet arrangements in the GMAF. Outcomes of this study will contribute towards safer masonry buildings along busy road fronts.