Innovation Activity In Ukraine Research Articles

Investment strategy – a tool for forming sustainable competitive advantages of enterprises

Introduction. Business investment can extend beyond meeting current investment needs arising from the need to replace outdated assets and the structure of economic activity. Ensuring a stable position of enterprises on the market and long-term economic development requires appropriate investment support. This requires creating an investment management system based on scientifically balanced forecasts regarding the directions and forms that ensure the realization of the general goals of the development of enterprises and the adaptation of their activities to the conditions of the external environment. The investment strategy is an effective tool for long-term management of the enterprise's investment activities in the conditions of the realization of the goals of economic development, significant changes in macro- and micro-economic factors, the influence of state regulation on market processes, the state of the investment market and related uncertainties. This determined the choice of topic, research structure, relevance, and theoretical and practical significance. This article aims to form an investment strategy as a tool for obtaining sustainable competitive advantages for enterprises. The results. Understanding the essence of investment and its implementation mechanism in modern conditions will allow food enterprises to optimize their activities, contribute to the company's development, and increase their market competitiveness. Investments are a vital tool in the competitive struggle, as their implementation leads to lower costs, lower prices, increased profits, the emergence of new needs, attracting financial resources, and improving the manufacturer's image. Conclusions. Investments play a pivotal role in implementing innovations, be it scientific, technical, organizational, or socio-technical. These innovations are aimed at use in the operational, investment, or financial spheres of the enterprise, with the goal of generating income and influencing qualitative changes in social and economic terms. Therefore, in the modern market, and particularly in the post-war period, investment and innovation activity in Ukraine will be a key driver of economic development and a prerequisite for enhancing the competitiveness of enterprises. Keywords: investments, innovations, strategic management, influencing factors, fruit and vegetable preserves.

ІННОВАЦІЙНА АКТИВНІСТЬ ДЕРЕВООБРОБНОЇ ПРОМИСЛОВОСТІ УКРАЇНИ: АНАЛІТИЧНИЙ ОГЛЯД

This article provides an analytical review of the innovation activity in Ukraine’s woodworking industry, examining the dynamics of change, the main challenges and opportunities that arise in this sphere. The aim of the article is to review and analyze the innovation activity in Ukraine’s woodworking industry in order to identify key trends, challenges, and opportunities that influence its development in the context of contemporary military and economic realities. The woodworking industry in Ukraine has significant potential for development thanks to its natural resources and geographical position. However, modern global trends and internal economic challenges require the industry to adapt and innovate. It has been found that the Ukrainian woodworking industry faces challenges related to a decrease in innovation activity and investments in the sector. The decline in innovation activity over recent years threatens not only the competitiveness of Ukrainian enterprises in the global market but also their ability to sustain development. This has occurred against the backdrop of economic difficulties, insufficient state support for innovations, as well as the onset of full-scale war and global economic challenges. With the decrease in the number of innovation-active enterprises in the woodworking industry, the need to update the technological base, develop new products that can be recycled or reused, and implement energy-saving technologies becomes important. Such steps can help increase efficiency and reduce the environmental impact of production processes. While overall innovation expenditures in Ukraine have decreased, in some sectors, such as industry, there is an increase in innovation spending, indicating a continued interest in innovation in these areas. An important aspect is also focusing on the eco-friendliness of production and implementing innovations aimed at reducing the negative impact on the environment, which can become a competitive advantage and an important element of a sustainable development strategy. In the context of sustainable development and post-war recovery in Ukraine, these data indicate the need for reinvestment in innovation to support the long-term growth of the woodworking industry. It is important to focus on supporting and stimulating innovation to ensure the dynamic development of the industry, which can contribute to the economic recovery of the country and its long-term stability.

ПІДТРИМКА РОЗВИТКУ ІННОВАЦІЙНОГО ПІДПРИЄМНИЦТВА В УМОВАХ РЕЛОКАЦІЇ

The article presents the results of the analysis of the theoretical, organizational and practical foundations of supporting innovative enterprises and entrepreneurship in the conditions of business relocation under wartime conditions. The organizational and logistical measures of government support for relocated business, the conditions for its further adaptation, including the enterprise relocation program, are considered, and the shortcomings that complicate its implementation are indicated. It was determined that among the main problems of the state program of relocation are the insufficient information base and awareness of the existing program, the lack of established communication between the participants of the process. Potential solutions have been analyzed and determined, which can contribute to revitalizing the relocation of businesses and making the process more successful. The need for state support and additional financing was emphasized, which will help bring the enterprise relocation program to a new level, which, in turn, will help enterprises continue their activities and positively influence the development of the state economy. The assessment of the main indicators of innovative activity in Ukraine was carried out. Statistics of enterprises that need relocation and statistics of the number of applications regarding requests for relocation of enterprises in 2022 are provided. Popular business relocation routes in Ukraine have been identified and evaluated. The complexities of relocation are analyzed and potential solutions are identified that will help increase the effectiveness of the state relocation program. Two groups of entrepreneurs are identified and described: those who chose relocation as a way to save their business and did not think about it until the full-scale war; and those who considered such an option and saw in it an opportunity for growth. It was established that in Ukraine there are almost no relocating enterprises working in the innovative field, which has been very neglected in recent years, as it is absolutely not stimulated by long-term sectoral development programs or fiscal incentives.

Інноваційна державна політика в агропромисловому комплексі України як чинник забезпечення продоволь-чої безпеки

Ensuring food security is the primary strategy of the state agricultural policy of Ukraine because, despite the crisis phenomenon provoked by the armed aggression of the Russian Federation, the country's agro-industrial complex remains one of the drivers of support for the national economy of Ukraine and acts as a guarantor of food security for many countries of the world. The methodological basis of the research was modern general and unique methods of scientific knowledge, inductive and deductive, analysis, synthesis and generalization, and forecasting. Economic, social, political, and technological factors are identified among the factors contributing to or hindering the implementation of innovative state policy during the study. It has been established that to increase the efficiency of innovative activity in Ukraine, it is necessary to develop a national innovation strategy and action plan that will determine the priorities, goals, indicators, and mechanisms of innovation policy in the agro-industrial complex to ensure food security and increase the competitiveness of agricultural products on world markets. A mandatory condition for its implementation is the provision of adequate financing, tax, and other incentives for implementing innovative projects by subjects of agricultural production. Ukraine has significant potential for innovative development of the agro-industrial complex to ensure food security. At the same time, this is hindered by several problems related to insufficient funding and insufficient institutional support for innovative activities, low interaction and cooperation between the research, educational, business, and government sectors, lack of commercialization and technology transfer, insufficient market and demand orientation, low competitiveness and internationalization of innovative Ukrainian products and services, etc. Therefore, to increase the efficiency of innovative activity, it is necessary to develop a national innovation strategy and an action plan that will determine priorities, goals, indicators, and mechanisms of innovation policy and provide adequate financing, tax, and other incentives for innovative projects and subjects of innovative activity in the agro-industrial complex to ensure food security. Keywords: innovative policy, food security, armed aggression, agriculture, agro-industrial complex, export, strategy.

Innovation as a Key Driving Force of Ukraine's Economic Development in New Conditions

The article substantiates the role of innovation as one of the key drivers of Ukraine's economic development in the new conditions dictated by the war and integration with the EU. Based on a review of leading international ratings, the author analyses the state of Ukraine's innovation activity before and during the war. The strengths, weaknesses, threats, and opportunities in Ukraine's innovation sector are identified. The results showed a deterioration in Ukraine's innovative position in international rankings, mainly under the influence of the war. The changes in the key indicators of innovation activity in Ukraine from 2010-2021 are analysed. The results show a downward trend in most of Ukraine's innovation indicators over the period analysed. The identified problems in Ukraine's innovation sphere are primarily related to the state's need for a more effective innovation policy. The main directions for improving Ukraine's innovation policy in the new conditions are identified based on the obtained results. The author identifies key promising areas for Ukraine’s innovation development in the new conditions.

FACTORS OF INFLUENCE ON THE FORMATION OF INNOVATIVE COMMUNITIES

The article is devoted to the identification and analysis of factors influencing the emergence and further development of innovative communities within both a separate region and the country as a whole. The article analyzes three types of economic development proposed by the World Economic Forum and identifies the main factors inherent in each of them. It is shown that the quantitative growth of innovations will not immediately lead to an increase in the competitiveness of innovative communities. This is due to the main two reasons: the need to adapt to the new order and the lack of market value of many modern innovative technologies. The authors analyzed statistical data on the complexity of innovative activity in Ukraine and revealed the unevenness of various types of innovation. It was established that in order to speed up the diffusion of innovations in society, a necessary condition is the readiness to accept them. In this regard, the needs of a modern innovator working in small and medium-sized enterprises as the main subjects of idea generation have been determined.

Innovative development as a factor of the post-war economy of Ukraine

The war in Ukraine, caused by the full-scale invasion of Russia, has an impact on the country’s innovation environment, which is due to a decrease in the level of investments, an increase in business risks, a reduction in domestic demand for products, a decrease in the number of innovative projects, and the availability of their financing. The purpose of this article is to confirm that the innovative development of Ukraine’s economy is a key direction of economic policy and a tool for the post-war reconstruction of Ukraine’s economy. The study of the current state of innovative activity in Ukraine and the comparison of the actual state of innovative development of Ukraine with other countries of the world was carried out using methods of scientific and statistical analysis. The latter made it possible to come to the following research results: to state a significant lag in innovative activity in Ukraine. According to the authors, this is related to existing problems, the main ones of which are: weak development of high-tech enterprises and industries; significant physical and moral deterioration of the production potential of most industrial enterprises of Ukraine; insufficient financing of the innovative sector of the economy, structural imbalance and low technological complexity, raw material export orientation and low competitiveness, etc.The authors of the article are sure that the restoration of the economy of Ukraine, ensuring competitiveness and economic growth largely depends on the use of innovative factors, the development of education and science. It is noted that the foundations of the state’s innovative policy in the post-war period must be formed today, creating conditions for the development of intellectual potential, increasing labor productivity, modernization of technologies, and structural restructuring of the economy.The results of this study can be applied when approving the plan for the post-war reconstruction of Ukraine and its direction towards a radical change in the structure of the economy, the transition from an agrarian-raw type to an industrial-innovative one based on the creation of a modern high-tech, digitised industry in the context of the spread of Industry 4.0 in the world. As a conclusion, the authors suggest that in the process of forming innovation policy, special attention should be paid to structural reforms, effective and transparent use of foreign aid, and strengthening of cooperation between manufacturers and scientific institutions.
 JEL classіfіcatіon: Е61, О16, О31, О38, Н56, Н11, Н52

Implementation of innovations in Ukraine during martial state

This scientific article is devoted to the identification of current problems of legislative regulation of priority areas of innovative activity in Ukraine and development of proposals for their solution. It emphasized the need for rapid development of the state program of objectives for forecasting the scientific, technological and innovative development of Ukraine for 2023-2032, which will contribute to the formation of financial opportunities for the development of the national innovation system. Arguments are given that increasing the level of innovative development of Ukraine in the war and post-war period will contribute to: simplification of review and agreement procedures; aligning the content of legislative acts regulating the determination of priority areas of innovative activity; operational development of the state target program, which would determine the most promising directions for the development of scientific, technological and innovative activities. The obtained results allow us to conclude on the expediency of deploying a single national strategy for the development of innovative activity, which would allow clearly defining its objectives, priorities, resources, mechanisms of implementation and control, etc., as well as the "Strategic plan for overcoming the economic crisis in Ukraine for 2023-2025".

Standards Essential Patents for new technologies

The practice of innovative activity in Ukraine indicates low implementation of inventions. In cases where the invention is made to the order of a business, it really works and provides a certain benefit in the economy of the enterprise and the country. But most of the developments brought to the stage of protection are developed by individuals and institutions of higher education, which do not have an effective mechanism for their commercialization within Ukraine, and not all reach the markets of other countries. Patent owners do not always understand the procedures for converting their patents into SEPs in order to apply them in standards and further licensing (with the possibility of even issuing a worldwide license). The purpose and objectives of the study are to define the essence of SEP, to analyze the policies of individual standardization organizations regarding SEP, tostudy the experience and approaches of the European Commission regarding SEP, to develop normative legal acts and to provide recommendations to SEP owners when converting their patents into SEP with the aim of applying them in standards and further licensing Thus, today in the field of SEP, the following process participants can be distinguished: standardization organizations, SEP owners, patent pool administrators (very often, but not always), users of the standard and consumers of the final product. Therefore, it becomes important for patent owners to find joint activities with standardization organizations to participate in the development of a standard to convert their patent into a SEP in order to use it in a specific regulatory document (standard). Clearly, transparent assessment procedures and reasonable (FRAND-wise) licensing conditions must be created for SEP identification, which is currently often a trial-and-error process. It should be noted that the processes related to SEP are not defined by the regulatory legal acts of Ukraine, despite the fact that they can be useful both for creative workers and institutions, as well as for product manufacturers and users of standards. At the same time, attention should be paid to obtaining educational competences by masters of universities in technical, economic and intellectual property matters, to which it is necessary to add competence in the field of standardization.

IMPROVEMENT OF THE ORGANIZATIONAL AND ECONOMIC MECHANISM FOR REGULATING THE INNOVATIVE ACTIVITIES OF TRANSPORT ENTERPRISES

The article explores the theoretical and methodological aspects of the organizational and economic mechanism for regulating the innovation activity of transport enterprises, identifies groups of factors that ensure the innovative activity of an enterprise, and examines the key factors for accelerating the processes of innovation. It has been proved that innovative activity is determined by two groups of factors that provide the competitive advantage of an enterprise: internal and external. The effective use of internal factors that reflect the essential features of the enterprise, distinguish it from competitors and determine its innovative ability, ensures the establishment and management of innovative activities for the enterprise. Systematized external factors that determine the innovative activity of the enterprise, and its market position. The key factors for accelerating the processes of implementing innovations at the enterprise are identified, the founders of which are the increase in the degree of state participation in innovative processes; simplification of the procedure for passing any innovation from the development stage to the stage of its launch on the market, taking into account cultural, institutional and infrastructural features; increasing the level of market infrastructure development; development of forms of public-private partnership; formation of a regional structure for promoting innovations; improvement of the system of taxation of enterprises engaged in innovation through the use of a system of tax credits for scientific research and development, the use of tax rebates and innovative tax credits; improvement of other ways of attracting capital. The analysis of the current legislation in Ukraine, on the basis of which the innovative activity of enterprises is regulated, is carried out. Based on the analysis, the priority areas of innovation activity in Ukraine, consisting of strategic and medium-term ones, are identified. It is substantiated that the imperfection of legal documents regulating innovation activity in Ukraine slows down the introduction of innovations by transport enterprises. The analysis of economic literature carried out in the article proves the absence of a single acceptable approach for determining an effective organizational and economic mechanism for innovation activity. The priority directions of the innovative development of the transport system are determined and justified according to the criteria of innovation. The necessity is proved and the ways of implementation of the state regulation of innovation activity are proposed. The ways of improving the organizational, economic and legal mechanisms to support and stimulate the introduction of innovations in transport enterprises are proposed.

Increasing the Level of Innovation of the National Economy: Legal Issues and Strategic Directions

Problem setting. The development of the national economy in an innovative way in modern conditions is complicated by the presence of internal and external negative factors of influence. The state of war significantly changed the requirements for the implementation of innovative activities, as a result of which the problem of forced adaptation to new conditions arose. Therefore, the issue of ensuring a favorable climate for the stimulation and development of innovative activity, the accumulation of investment resources, and the implementation of a set of effective measures to increase the level of innovativeness of the national economy are relevant today. Analysis of recent researches and publications. The issue of legal support for the stimulation of innovative activity and the problem of innovative development of the national economy of Ukraine is the subject of research by many scientists. S. V. Hlibko considered the issue of legal support for the national innovation system and the innovation process. O. V. Rozghon researched the types and organizational forms of technology transfer in the innovation process. Problematic issues of legal regulation of priority areas of innovative activity in Ukraine were considered by Iu. V. Georgiievskyi. Questions regarding the innovative development of the national economy were mostly investigated by economist’s scientists. However, today’s realities, which reflect significant structural changes at all levels of the economic system and changes in the conditions for the implementation of innovative activities, require additional conceptual studies of the indicated problematic issues. Target of the research is to study the current legal aspects and strategic factors of enhancing the innovativeness of the national economy, including the study of certain issues related to improvement of current legislation in the field of innovation. Article’s main body. The provisions of the main strategic document regarding the implementation of the development of innovative activities provide for the need to increase the level of innovativeness of the national economy with the definition of starting points for ensuring the development of the innovative economy and the national innovation ecosystem. In order to increase the level of innovative development of the national economy, it is necessary to implement complex measures of strategic, economic, regulatory and social direction, Ukraine has a great potential for innovative transformations, and therefore its use will lead to the activation of investment activities and improvement of the functioning of the country’s economic system. Innovation policy should be focused on creating favorable conditions for the development of innovative activities. Today, the main law establishing forms of state stimulation of innovative processes and aimed at supporting the development of Ukraine’s economy in an innovative way needs a constructive update. The system of legal means of ensuring innovation activities (including infrastructural support of the innovation process in the national innovation system) is of decisive importance in terms of increasing the level of innovativeness of the economy. Conclusions and prospects for the development. As a result of the conducted research, it can be concluded that the basis of increasing the level of innovativeness of the national economy in modern conditions is the implementation of the relevant legislatively planned areas and the implementation of complex measures of strategic, economic and legal direction. For the sustainable development of the innovative national economy, it is necessary to provide favorable conditions for the implementation of innovative activities, the development of the national innovation system, and the formation of an attractive investment climate.

Prospects for the development of investment and innovation activity in Ukraine

The article is based on general and special scientific knowledge methods by means of which the main investment trends in Ukraine and in the leading economies of the world are revealed. It highlights the prerequisites for stable economic development of the country and, at the same time, investigates the factors of investment attraction. The main problems of the development of investment activities on the territory of Ukraine are described and strategic guidelines for the formation of a positive investment climate are given. As a result of the research, the short- and long-term policy prospects for improving investment and innovation activities in war and post-war times have been determined. In addition, the priority directions of foreign capital investments are considered, which include defense industry, energy, information technologies, processing industry, financial activity and trade. It was concluded that stimulation of intellectual and investment activities in Ukraine requires the introduction of an effective tax system, promotion of international cooperation, improvement of legislation and provision of adequate protection of intellectual property rights.

Forecasting the innovation of Ukraine’s economic development in a global dimension

Purpose. To analyze the state and trends of innovative development of the countries of the world, to define the place of Ukraine in the international arena and forecast its innovation. Methodology. The methodological basis was formed by general scientific theoretical methods: generalization, explanation, grouping; statistical method (for a comprehensive assessment of the state and trends of innovative activity of the economies of the countries of the world and Ukraine); methods of analysis and synthesis, economic and mathematical methods of forecasting, methods of abstraction and visualization (for a visual demonstration of the actual data and the results of the study). Findings. The level of innovativeness of the world’s economies and Ukraine’s position in the ranking of the Global Innovation Index (GII) are analyzed. The positive/stimulating influence of globalization processes on the spread of innovations, as well as discriminatory methods of innovative development (“dumping” of second-order technologies in developing countries) are noted. The GII forecast is determined using a regression model of the dependence of this indicator on the specific weight of innovation-active enterprises in the total number of industrial enterprises and innovation costs. The forecasting results showed a slight downward trend in the value of the GII of Ukraine. It is argued that in order to increase the level of innovativeness of the national economy, to strengthen Ukraine’s competitive position, and taking into account the fact that the economies of other countries do not stop in their development, it is necessary to significantly intensify innovative activity in Ukraine. Originality. A scientific-methodical approach to predicting the innovativeness of economic development is proposed depending on the specific weight of innovatively active enterprises in the total number of industrial enterprises and innovation costs. There is an opportunity to carry out predictive and planning calculations of the selected forecasting object, to investigate the behavior of the macroeconomic system in the context of the innovativeness of its development, to make adjustments to the strategic management system at the state level in order to stimulate innovative processes and influence the results of the innovative development of Ukraine in the global dimension. Practical value. The proposed scientific-methodical approach makes it possible to assess the trends of the level of innovativeness of development in the future and becomes an informative basis for developing a system of measures for the activation of innovative activity.

Tax Incentives for Innovative Activities

Innovative activity is always a powerful driver of social and economic development of any state. At the same time, research and development also needs a certain amount of nourishment, first of all, from the state, in particular through the appropriate regulatory and legal mechanisms for its incentive. And the more the state is interested in scientific and technical development, the wider the circle should be and the more perfect the mechanisms for incentive innovative activity should be. The purpose of this article is to analyze the norms of the current regulatory legal acts of Ukraine, which provide for tax benefits in connection with the implementation of innovative activities, as well as to compare them with tax preferences in some countries of the European Union. Thus, the procedure for providing tax relief for funds received from the Innovation Development Fund (Ukrainian Startup Fund) has been analyzed. The elements of the legal mechanism for granting this benefit are singled out and characterized, its impact on the object and tax base is determined, and the circle of taxpayers to whom it applies is outlined. The legal status of the Ukrainian Startup Fund, the order and scope of its financing from the state budget have been determined. Attention was also paid to determining the essence and features of the provision of budget grants, their impact on the incentive of innovative activity. The elements of the tax-legal mechanism for providing budget grants are characterized, their impact on the object and tax base is indicated, and the categories of taxpayers who are entitled to a tax benefit in connection with receiving a budget grant are established. It is emphasized that today tax benefits apply only to budget grants provided by the Ukrainian Cultural Fund. In turn, on the basis of the analysis of the works of scientists from legal and economic sciences, a list of the most common tax benefits used to incentive innovative activity was determined in global practice. Particular attention is paid to the peculiarities of tax incentives for innovative activity in Poland, Hungary, Spain and France. Common features and fundamental differences between the concepts of tax and legal incentives of innovative activity in Ukraine and in the specified countries of the European Union have been established.

Features of innovative activities in Ukraine in the conditions of war

This article reflects the peculiarities of the innovative activities’ implementation in Ukraine in the conditions of war. The main content of innovative activity in the country during the war is described in such tasks as: 1) research of normative and legal provisions of innovative activity implementation in Ukraine during the war; 2) mark the main state strategic spheres and branches, where innovative types of activities are primarily used; 3) presentation of the general strategy and main directions of the plan regarding the innovative activities implementation in Ukraine during the war; 4) the dynamics analysis of the results activity indicators results in Ukraine during peacetime and wartime periods; 5) the formulation of the key provisions on the main priorities of «innovative production» in Ukraine in wartime. Next research methods have been used in this article: the method of researching the regulatory and legal framework regarding the innovative activities implementation in Ukraine; statistical method of evaluating the results of innovative activity indicators of Ukraine; analysis method and fusion regarding changes in the innovative activity state in Ukraine; a comparing method the state of innovative activity in the country in peacetime vs wartime periods, etc. The author of this study defined the following basic provisions: 1) innovative activity is an important factor in ensuring the development of the country and its business environment in modern conditions; 2) innovative activity is a significant condition for maintaining one’s own business positions in modern competition; 3) innovative activity is a way of maintaining one’s own financial stability and forming an internal financial and business balance for the country. It is noted that for a country that is in a state of full-scale war, the main areas of innovative activity are concentrated in such strategic areas as: 1) the field of energy; 2) strategic industries; 3) agro-industrial complex; 4) medicine; 5) environmental protection; 6) development of modern information and communication technologies; 7) robotics, etc. These industries are decisive for supporting the «life» of the country: ensuring support for the development of the economy, preserving the financial and economic potential, promoting the formation of a sufficient level of financial and economic security, etc. It was found that the state of innovative activity in Ukraine is quite active and occupies a significant share. Factors such as a pandemic and a full-scale war had a significant impact on this situation. After all, these crisis phenomena required the country’s government to provide quick and effective measures to eliminate their consequences. This should also include powerful international support of the state: provision of tranches, provision of defense aid, provision of social and financial support, etc. Consequently, the sphere of innovative activity in Ukraine is gaining significant momentum in its new stage of transformation.

Напрями вдосконалення стратегії інноваційного розвитку України в умовах техноглобалізму

The aim of the article is to develop recommendations for the formation of an innovative strategy for the development of Ukraine in the context of technoglobalism. The necessity of innovative development of the economy of Ukraine is proved, which involves the production of new knowledge that can be embodied in real economic practice, based on intellectual capital and the production of innovations, which will ultimately ensure the improvement of the processes of production of the products both high-tech and competitive in foreign markets. The features of the scientific and innovative capacity of the Ukrainian economy in accordance with the indicators of the leading world rankings are highlighted. A general characterization of each of the main indices in recent years is provided and both the leaders and the place of Ukraine are determined. It is noted that Ukrainian results in terms of innovation indicators have deteriorated compared to the previous year, which is due to the full-scale war of the Russian Federation on the territory of Ukraine. It is determined that the war has caused a crisis in the development of scientific, technical and innovative activities in Ukraine, since the number of institutions and employees engaged in such activities has significantly decreased, and the amount of funding for such activities, despite their growth in value terms, remains extremely low for a country with such a large population, the number of scientific and educational institutions, as well as industrial enterprises. It is underlined that our best indicator has traditionally been the high quality of human capital, and the worst indicator is the state of institutions and infrastructure. A number of shortcomings that should be eliminated in order to effectively develop innovations in our country have been identified. The ways to improve the directions and methods of implementing the tasks set for the development of innovation activity in Ukraine, elaborated in the Strategy of the country until 2030, taking into account the difficult conditions of today, which will allow to solve these problems more effectively, are proposed. The use of the proposed measures will make it possible to create an effective mechanism for promoting innovative development to ensure the recovery of the domestic economy in the conditions of war and the post-war, and to deepen integration into the world community.

Activation of innovative and investment activities of industrial enterprises at the current stage

Peculiarities of the industrial enterprises’ investment and innovation activities implementation in Ukraine are examined. A comprehensive analysis of the investment and innovation processes development in Ukraine is carried out. In particular, the dynamics of capital investments and their relationship with Ukraine's GDP as well as foreign direct investment into the economy of Ukraine are analyzed. An analysis of innovative activity in Ukraine is carried out. In particular, the dynamics of indicators characterizing innovative activity (the number of innovatively active industrial enterprises, expenditures on innovations of industrial enterprises, the number of industrial enterprises introducing innovations (products and/or technological processes), the number of introduced innovative products (goods, services) of industrial enterprises, the volume of innovative industrial products (goods, services) sold are studied. The main factors affecting the innovation and investment activity of industrial enterprises at the present stage, in particular, military aggression, imperfection and ineffectiveness of state regulatory mechanisms, low development of the stock market, decrease in economic potential are identified. Ukraine's place in the Global Innovation Index for the period 2017-2022 is analyzed. The main problems that have a significant impact on investment activity and innovative activity in our country are identified. The problem of the impact of the war in Ukraine on investment and innovation activity in the country is studied. Measures to increase the effectiveness of state regulation of investment and innovation processes in Ukraine, the formation of a stimulating and active state investment and innovation policy through preferential lending mechanisms, state guarantees of investment attraction, improvement of the legal framework and elimination of conflicts in the current legislation regulating investment and innovation processes in the country are proposed.

Інвестиційно-інноваційна діяльність в Україні в контексті Євроінтеграції

The article considers the role of innovation as the basis of the European integration processes in Ukraine, considers the views of modern scientists on the concept of innovation, analyzes the state of innovation activity in Ukraine and its peculiarities in the conditions of war. Determination of investment opportunities of Ukraine in the conditions of European integration. The state of investment activity in Ukraine in the period 2021-2022 is analyzed. According to the results of the study, the largest investor countries were Cyprus, the Netherlands, Switzerland, the United Kingdom, Germany, Austria, Luxembourg and France. At the end of 2021, 36% of the total capital investment was invested in the industry, rural, forest construction - 8.3%. According to the results of the study, it is noted that industrial parks and business incubators are important methods of attracting innovation to Ukraine. In order to further expand innovative relationships in the context of European integration, it will allow to expand innovative business, through the creation of exhibition space, the development of technological agencies, innovative solutions, through the demonstration of the best domestic scientific and innovative developments and cooperative relations, through promoting the development of platforms for communication.

ТОВАРНА ІННОВАЦІЙНА ПОЛІТИКА ЯК СКЛАДОВА МАРКЕТИНГОВОЇ ДІЯЛЬНОСТІ КОМПАНІЙ НА РИНКАХ В2С ТА В2В

The article considers the definition of the concept of innovation and the factors affecting the need for innovation. It was noted that the successful implementation of innovations in the development of new goods and services and in production technologies is the key to maintaining a high level of economic performance of enterprises in the B2C and B2B markets. The development of innovative activity in Ukraine and the change in the indicator of innovative activity in the B2C and B2B markets were studied. It is highlighted that the focus on new technologies, marketing methods, trends and new services helps entrepreneurs to constantly attract customers, develop innovatively and increase profits. The article states that there is a need to apply not only product innovations, but also innovations aimed at elements of the marketing complex, the goals of marketing activities are defined: short-term and long-term. The process of planning a new product was studied and its stages were determined. The foreign experience of developing and introducing new products to the market was analyzed. Taking into account the foreign experience of implementing product innovations, it is recommended that at the stage of developing a marketing strategy, more attention should be paid precisely to the price expectations of consumers, since among the main factors of the success of enterprises in modern market conditions is leadership in terms of costs. The peculiarities of the implementation of product innovations of enterprises operating in the B2C and B2B markets are considered. It is noted that the approach to the development of a new product of companies operating both in the B2C and B2B markets requires detailed study, since according to statistics, almost 40% of unsuccessful innovative developments are observed in the B2C market and about 20% in the B2B market. Enterprises that work on the B2B market have certain features regarding the introduction of innovative products to this market. These companies must take into account the risks faced by the consumer organization. Product innovation is a decisive factor in the marketing activities of companies.

ІННОВАЦІЙНИЙ РОЗВИТОК ПІДПРИЄМСТВ ІНДУСТРІЇ ГОСТИННОСТІ

The article is devoted to the analytical consideration of service innovations in restaurants as the main components of innovative development of the enterprise. The legislative framework on which innovation processes in Ukraine are based was investigated, as well as the subjects of the country’s innovative activity were considered. It was noted that the level of development of the country, the economic and political situation, and the current legislation affect innovative activity in Ukraine. Innovative activity of the total activity of institutions is a determining factor of innovative development of the entire state, its foundation and engine, it is reflected through the efficiency of innovative activity. The article analyzes the importance of the implementation of innovation policy and methods of its implementation. Concepts of innovative project, innovative products, innovative activities and product were considered. It was established that in order to implement innovations in a restaurant or hotel, the institution must choose its innovation strategy and set clear goals that will be achieved through the strategic management of innovation activities. It has been stated that there are four types of innovation strategies, which are distinguished by the type of technological innovation, objectives, costs of the company and its risks. Examples of companies using one of the above strategies were given. Innovative tools for attracting guests to establishments were installed and modern restaurant formats were analyzed The most popular concepts of restaurant establishments in Ukraine were established. These include club and family types of establishments. The importance of digitalization as an innovative process of hospitality enterprises is indicated. It was determined that the following are among the main digital innovations: touch displays, interactive (electronic) menus and tablets on tables, QR codes, LED notification technologies, 3-D printers in the kitchen, food producers with the help of a sensor, the introduction of three-dimensional projections and video mapping for effective demonstration of cooking, use of web and telecommunication technologies.