Information Technology Decision Research Articles

The emergence of the “information have-less” class of labor in the information age and its presence in Egypt

PurposeAt the beginning of the 21st century, a new class of information workers, the “information have-less” has risen. This class of workers alleviates the influence of information and communication technologies (ICTs) revolution on poverty and unemployment. The purpose of this study is to investigate the presence of this class of workers in Egypt and assess the size and potential growth of this category of workers.Design/methodology/approachThe study clarifies the conceptual framework of the new division of labor, in the information age. The Central Agency for Public Mobilization and Statistics, American Chamber of Commerce in Egypt, Ministry of Communications and Information Technology and Information and Decision Support Center websites provided secondary data for this study. These data are used to assess the size of “the information have less” in Egypt.FindingsThe division of work and class, in the 21st century, depends on the level of skills possessed to work with ICTs. So, class and labor nowadays could be divided into self-programmable labor (Innovators). Information have-less labor class, adding value to the economy by learning skills and presenting repetitive work. Generic labor class, who cannot work with ICTs, and work in jobs, that do not need computers or other ICTs. The study has shown that the “information have-less” labor class is present in Egypt since the beginning of the 21st century, in all its categories; entrepreneurism, the service sector and the manufacturing sector. There are approximately 50% of this labor class in the service sector and only 13% of the information have-less works in manufacturing sector despite the great opportunities that Egypt has to expand manufacturing to absorb more employment. The inclusion of information technology (IT), in all domains, has not decreased employment in Western countries but has reallocated information have-less employment toward the service sector, and there would probably be the same effect in Egypt.Practical implicationsThe study highlights the need for Egyptian policymakers to encourage the manufacturing and service sectors to provide huge working opportunities. The Egyptian government has to change the educational policies, at all stages, to include digital learning skills so IT can be incorporated in a wide range of economic activities. Further research includes: conducting a survey to measure the contribution of the entrepreneurial part of the information have-less employment in Egypt. In addition, a model may be developed, by the researcher to examine the reallocation of employees in Egypt.Originality/valueStudying employment, in Egypt, using the conceptual framework of the information age is rarely being done.

Implementation Of The Multi Objective Optimization Method On The Basis Of Ratio Analysis (Moora) In Determining The Procurement Of Goods At The General Bureau Of The Government Bengkulu Province

Procurement is an activity related to the fulfillment/provision of resources (goods or services) in a particular project organized by a company. Conventional procurement is considered to have several disadvantages, such as the ease of Corruption, Collusion, and Nepotism (KKN) to develop and lack of transparency. Conventional procurement also takes a long time so that it is seen as a waste of time and money, lack of information and unfair competition. Alternatives that can be done to solve procurement problems by using information technology Decision Support System (SPK) with the Multi-Objective Optimization on The Basic of Ratio Analysis (MOORA) method. The results of the tests that have been carried out obtained have ranked the companies that will be recommended to procure goods at the General Bureau of Bengkulu Province. The use of MOORA is able to analyze and provide recommendations in Goods activities.

Ethical Leadership in Information Technology Decision Making and its Impact on Risk Management

In the rapidly growing digital era, information technology has become an integral part of almost all aspects of our lives, including in the world of business and management. Appropriate and effective use of information technology is the key to achieving competitive advantage in today's competitive business environment. However, making decisions related to information technology is not an easy task, as information technology is often complex and high-risk. The purpose of this study is to analyse ethical leadership in information technology-related decision making and its impact on risk management. The method used is a qualitative literature review that focuses on an in-depth understanding of the topic in the time span from 2006 to 2023. The main objective of this method is to identify, analyse, and synthesise relevant scientific literature that has been published in various journals, conference papers, and other academic sources accessible through Google Scholar. The study results show that ethical leadership plays a central role in ensuring that IT-related decisions are taken with ethical principles in mind and with the aim of minimising risk. Ethical leadership contributes to the avoidance of data misuse, creating a culture of transparency and accountability, ensuring fair use of technology, and being mindful of the impact of IT decisions on society and the environment.

The method of forming informational competence spaces for educational project executives

The work describes the application of competence methods in implementing educational projects. Practices and experience of other universities. It was determined that the planning and monitoring of the educational project should be carried out concerning the specifics of the development of competencies as a rational process of improvement and achievement of individual and collective goals of the executors of this project. With this in mind, understanding the process of competence development is the basis of the practical construction of an educational project aimed at the effective achievement of goals. In addition, developing project executors' competencies can occur consciously through training and indirectly in teamwork. It was established that the task of taking into account the dynamics of transformation and development of the competencies of performers and the connection of this development with the functions of a specific project still needs to be solved. To ensure effective planning and monitoring of an educational project, it is advisable to build information technology to support decision-making based on competency-based methods. The development of such a system is essential for the educational system of the People's Republic of China because universities manage many educational projects with many students, which requires an innovative monitoring system. Moreover, such a system should be able to work out both large-scale projects and small ones, such as, for example, the implementation of a distance learning system within one or several courses. To build such a system, multiple models of identification of the executor of the educational project and a model of transformation of the executor of the educational project were built. Based on them, the method of making information competence spaces is defined. This method is the basis of creating an information technology decision support system for monitoring educational projects.

Perspective of Information Technology Decision Makers on Factors Influencing Adoption and Implementation of Artificial Intelligence Technologies in 40 German Hospitals: Descriptive Analysis

BackgroundNew artificial intelligence (AI) tools are being developed at a high speed. However, strategies and practical experiences surrounding the adoption and implementation of AI in health care are lacking. This is likely because of the high implementation complexity of AI, legacy IT infrastructure, and unclear business cases, thus complicating AI adoption. Research has recently started to identify the factors influencing AI readiness of organizations.ObjectiveThis study aimed to investigate the factors influencing AI readiness as well as possible barriers to AI adoption and implementation in German hospitals. We also assessed the status quo regarding the dissemination of AI tools in hospitals. We focused on IT decision makers, a seldom studied but highly relevant group.MethodsWe created a web-based survey based on recent AI readiness and implementation literature. Participants were identified through a publicly accessible database and contacted via email or invitational leaflets sent by mail, in some cases accompanied by a telephonic prenotification. The survey responses were analyzed using descriptive statistics.ResultsWe contacted 609 possible participants, and our database recorded 40 completed surveys. Most participants agreed or rather agreed with the statement that AI would be relevant in the future, both in Germany (37/40, 93%) and in their own hospital (36/40, 90%). Participants were asked whether their hospitals used or planned to use AI technologies. Of the 40 participants, 26 (65%) answered “yes.” Most AI technologies were used or planned for patient care, followed by biomedical research, administration, and logistics and central purchasing. The most important barriers to AI were lack of resources (staff, knowledge, and financial). Relevant possible opportunities for using AI were increase in efficiency owing to time-saving effects, competitive advantages, and increase in quality of care. Most AI tools in use or in planning have been developed with external partners.ConclusionsFew tools have been implemented in routine care, and many hospitals do not use or plan to use AI in the future. This can likely be explained by missing or unclear business cases or the need for a modern IT infrastructure to integrate AI tools in a usable manner. These shortcomings complicate decision-making and resource attribution. As most AI technologies already in use were developed in cooperation with external partners, these relationships should be fostered. IT decision makers should assess their hospitals’ readiness for AI individually with a focus on resources. Further research should continue to monitor the dissemination of AI tools and readiness factors to determine whether improvements can be made over time. This monitoring is especially important with regard to government-supported investments in AI technologies that could alleviate financial burdens. Qualitative studies with hospital IT decision makers should be conducted to further explore the reasons for slow AI.

Computable Guidelines and Clinical Decision Support for Cervical Cancer Screening and Management to Improve Outcomes and Health Equity.

Cervical cancer is highly preventable when precancerous lesions are detected early and appropriately managed. However, the complexity of and frequent updates to existing evidence-based clinical guidelines make it challenging for clinicians to stay abreast of the latest recommendations. In addition, limited availability and accessibility to information technology (IT) decision supports make it difficult for groups who are medically underserved to receive screening or receive the appropriate follow-up care. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), Division of Cancer Prevention and Control (DCPC), is leading a multiyear initiative to develop computer-interpretable ("computable") version of already existing evidence-based guidelines to support clinician awareness and adoption of the most up-to-date cervical cancer screening and management guidelines. DCPC is collaborating with the MITRE Corporation, leading scientists from the National Cancer Institute, and other CDC subject matter experts to translate existing narrative guidelines into computable format and develop clinical decision support tools for integration into health IT systems such as electronic health records with the ultimate goal of improving patient outcomes and decreasing disparities in cervical cancer outcomes among populations that are medically underserved. This initiative meets the challenges and opportunities highlighted by the President's Cancer Panel and the President's Cancer Moonshot 2.0 to nearly eliminate cervical cancer.

The Impact of Organizational Practices on the Information Security Management Performance

Information explosion and pressures are leading organizations to invest heavily in information security to ensure that information technology decisions align with business goals and manage risks. Limited studies have been done using small- and-medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) in the manufacturing sector. Furthermore, a small number of parameters have been used in the previous studies. This research aims to examine and analyze the effect of security organizational practices on information security management performance with many parameters. A model has been developed together with hypotheses to evaluate the impact of organizational practices on information security management performance. The data is collected from 171 UK employees at manufacturing SMEs that had already implemented security policies. The structure equation model is employed via the SPSS Amos 22 tool for the evaluation of results. Our results state that security training, knowledge sharing, security education, and security visibility significantly impact information security performance. In addition, this study highlights a significant impact of both security training and knowledge sharing on trust in the organization. Business leaders and decision-makers can reference the proposed model and the corresponding study results to develop favourable tactics to achieve their goals regarding information security management.

Sorting Out the FBI’s Data Dilemma: Coming to Grips With Information Technology

Intelligence services—among other entities—must organize information in ways that facilitate their operations. The information technology (IT) that agencies develop follows the contours of how agencies use data in furtherance of their objectives. Therefore, it can be read as a microcosm of agencies writ large. The Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI)’s use of IT provides a case study of this. IT evolved to serve the needs of individual programs (e.g., counterintelligence, criminal investigations) and only once this had occurred did the FBI begin to develop a corporate enterprise architecture aimed at integrating the organization’s multiple facets. Examining the evolution of the FBI’s IT serves multiple purposes. From a historical perspective it provides insights into the institutional thought process, reflected in IT decisions, that drove operations. It also provides a lens through which to assess future development of IT systems—specifically, how an IT decision will impact the FBI’s culture and ability to effectively carry out its mission.

Making the Sourcing Decision of Software Maintenance and Information Technology

Outsourcing has been getting a significant growth for the last few years. Organizations tend to outsource Information Technology (IT), primarily to take advantage of the availability of qualified, trained and skilled workforce in low cost countries across the globe. Outsourcing of IT and software maintenance seem very promising, but a number of factors, risks, and challenges associated with the outsourcing process that make the sourcing decision very complicated. The present study aimed at gaining in-depth understanding of the three aspects of outsourcing, namely; perceived benefits of IT outsourcing, influencing factors of IT outsourcing and software maintenance offshoring. The findings of the current study will lead us to develop a sourcing framework for outsourcing decision as well as a decision support system for software maintenance. A systematic literature review is performed that presents perceived benefits of IT outsourcing, the influencing factors of IT outsourcing and software maintenance. Furthermore, the identified factors are analyzed based on their occurrences in literature as well as chi square test is performed to derive the significant differences amongst the factors based on decades. Similarly, critical success factors are derived both for IT outsourcing and software maintenance offshoring. Our article shows that how the critical success factors impact the IT as well the software maintenance in global delivery perspective. The findings of the current study will help the IT experts and decision makers in making suitable sourcing decisions.

Continuance Use of Cloud Computing in Higher Education Institutions: A Conceptual Model

Resource optimization is a key concern for Higher Education Institutions (HEIs). Cloud Computing, as the recent generation in computing technology of the fourth industrial revolution, has emerged as the main standard of service and resource delivery. As cloud computing has grown into a mature technology and is being rapidly adopted in many HEIs across the world, retaining customers of this innovative technology has become a challenge to the cloud service providers. Current research trends on cloud computing have sought to study the acceptance or adoption of technology; however, little research has been devoted to the continuance use in an organizational setting. To address this gap, this study aims to investigate the antecedents of cloud computing continuance use in HEIs. Hence, drawing on the prior literature in organizational-level continuance, this research established a conceptual model that extends and contextualizes the IS continuance model through the lens of the TOE framework (i.e., technological, organizational, and environmental influences). The results of a pilot study, conducted through a survey with information and communications technology (ICT) decision makers, and based on the proposed conceptual model, indicate that the instrument is both reliable and valid, and so point the way towards further research. The paper closes with a discussion of the research limitations, contribution, and future directions.

A Path to Clinical Quality Integration Through a Clinically Integrated Network: The Experience of an Academic Health System and Its Community Affiliates

IntroductionAcademic medical centers (AMCs) and community physicians seeking to establish a clinically integrated network (CIN) may benefit from a road map to navigate the opportunities and challenges of such an organizational structure. Creating and participating in a CIN requires careful consideration, investment of time, financial resources, alignment of a new quality infrastructure, shared governance, and vision. Potential Benefits, Challenges, and Regulatory ConsiderationsPotential AMC benefits include geographic clinical expansion, the ability to provide care for a broader population of patients, a mechanism to collaborate with regional physician graduates, and an expansion of available teaching sites for trainees. Potential benefits to community practices include propagation of high-value care, enhanced access to evidence-based protocols and priority measures, preparation for value-based reimbursement structures, and connection to an institution that produces future health care practitioners. Challenges to CIN creation include goal alignment, trust between AMC and community partners, acceptance of common quality measures and benchmarks, access to shared data, and local adoption of quality improvement activities. Quality and Information Technology ConsiderationsAt inception the mission was to create an innovative academic-community alliance delivering high-quality, high-value, personalized care. Defining the clinical quality goals, measurement, governance, and improvement strategy, as well as information technology structure and decision making, are described. Future DirectionsThe network continues to grow and now includes more than 350 physicians, in 16 different specialties across 50 different independent medical practices throughout Southern California. We believe this builds a firm foundation for value-based health care.

Centralized IT Decision Making and Cybersecurity Breaches: Evidence from U.S. Higher Education Institutions

ABSTRACT Despite the consensus that information security should become an important consideration in information technology (IT) governance rather than the sole responsibility of the IT department, important IT governance decisions are often made on the basis of fulfilling business needs with a minimal amount of attention paid to their implications for information security. We study how an important IT governance mechanism—the degree of centralized decision making—affects the likelihood of cybersecurity breaches. Examining a sample of 504 U.S. higher-education institutions over a four-year period, we find that a university with centralized IT governance is associated with fewer breaches. Interestingly, the effect of centralized IT governance is contingent on the heterogeneity of a university’s computing environment: Universities with more heterogeneous IT infrastructure benefit more from centralized IT decision making. In addition, we find the relationship between centralized governance and cybersecurity breaches is most pronounced in public universities and those with more intensive research activities. Collectively, these findings highlight the tradeoff between granting autonomy and flexibility in the use of information systems and enforcing standardized, organization-wide security protocols.

Systematic literature review on application of business analytics & information technology in supply chain performances

Supply chain management (SCM) functions are having applications of business analytics (BA). Supply chain managers' uses BA as competitive tool. Application of BA in key SCM functions, with information technology (IT) innovations has been a topic of tremendous interest to both practitioners and researchers. We identified more than 200 articles (over two decade) and classified them by year of publication, functional discipline, publication source, research methodology and application for the purpose of comprehensive literature review. Study identifies relationship between analytical tools and IT in supply chain decision making and supply chain performances. It explores research trends and patterns across disciplines and suggestions of potential areas for future research in BA, IT and supply chain decision making and performances.

ОБРАЗОВАТЕЛЬНАЯ ПОЛИТИКА ГОСУДАРСТВА В УСЛОВИЯХ РАЗВИТИЯ ИНФОКОММУНИКАЦИОННЫХ ТЕХНОЛОГИЙ

In the article, from the perspective of modern approaches to legal understanding, some significant aspects of the formation and implementation of state policy in the field of education are considered. Various approaches and views of scientists on modern problems in education, caused by the rapid development of information technology and new management decisions, are analyzed. The practical significance and application of the results of comparative legal research is seen in the development of an educational concept, taking into account national characteristics of the formation of worldview, legal awareness and legal culture in the Russian Federation.

Information and Operational Decision Sciences: The Interplay of Information Technology and Operational Decision Sciences

Decision SciencesVolume 51, Issue 3 p. 458-463 Special Issue Information and Operational Decision Sciences: The Interplay of Information Technology and Operational Decision Sciences† Jose Benitez, Corresponding Author Jose Benitez jose.benitez@rennes-sb.com joseba@ugr.es orcid.org/0000-0002-9142-4508 Department of Supply Chain Management and Information Systems, Rennes School of Business, Rennes, France and Department of Management, School of Business and Economics, University of Granada, Granada, SpainCorresponding author.Search for more papers by this authorXin Luo, Xin Luo xinluo@unm.edu Anderson School of Management, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, USASearch for more papers by this authorGyula Vastag, Gyula Vastag gyula.vastag@uni-corvinus.hu orcid.org/0000-0002-6823-3367 Institute of Mathematical and Statistical Modeling, Corvinus University of Budapest, HungarySearch for more papers by this author Jose Benitez, Corresponding Author Jose Benitez jose.benitez@rennes-sb.com joseba@ugr.es orcid.org/0000-0002-9142-4508 Department of Supply Chain Management and Information Systems, Rennes School of Business, Rennes, France and Department of Management, School of Business and Economics, University of Granada, Granada, SpainCorresponding author.Search for more papers by this authorXin Luo, Xin Luo xinluo@unm.edu Anderson School of Management, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, USASearch for more papers by this authorGyula Vastag, Gyula Vastag gyula.vastag@uni-corvinus.hu orcid.org/0000-0002-6823-3367 Institute of Mathematical and Statistical Modeling, Corvinus University of Budapest, HungarySearch for more papers by this author First published: 10 December 2019 https://doi.org/10.1111/deci.12422Citations: 3 † Some of the resources of the work associated to this Special Issue were sponsored by the European Regional Development Fund (European Union) and the Government of Spain (Research Project ECO2017-84138-P), the Regional Government of Andalusia (Research Project P11-SEJ-7294), the COVIRAN-Prodware Endowed Chair of Digital Human Resource Strategy at the University of Granada, the Endowed Chair of Business Value of IT of the Green, Digital, and Demand-Driven Supply Chain Management Excellence Area at Rennes School of Business, and the Slovenian Research Agency (Research Core Funding No. P5-0410). ‡ [Correction added on April 16, 2020 after first online publication: Gyula Vastag's affiliation was updated and information about Farzipoor Saen et al. was added] Read the full textAboutPDF ToolsRequest permissionExport citationAdd to favoritesTrack citation ShareShare Give accessShare full text accessShare full-text accessPlease review our Terms and Conditions of Use and check box below to share full-text version of article.I have read and accept the Wiley Online Library Terms and Conditions of UseShareable LinkUse the link below to share a full-text version of this article with your friends and colleagues. Learn more.Copy URL Share a linkShare onFacebookTwitterLinked InRedditWechat Citing Literature Volume51, Issue3June 2020Pages 458-463 RelatedInformation

High-Quality Information Technology and Capital Investment Decisions

ABSTRACTWe examine the effect of high-quality information technology (IT) on management's capital investment decisions. Evaluating capital investment decisions with contemporary investment efficiency and long-term measures of investment effectiveness, we document a positive relation between high-quality IT and capital investment decision quality. In particular, we find high-quality IT is associated with more optimal levels of investment as well as fewer future fixed asset write-downs. We also disaggregate investment efficiency and find the relation with IT quality holds for investment decisions related to capital expenditures and acquisitions, but not research and development expenditures. Overall, our results suggest managers equipped with better internal information from higher-quality IT are able to make superior capital investment decisions. Our study contributes to the literature by providing evidence of a significant determinant of capital investment decision quality and documenting a specific mechanism that mediates the indirect effect of IT quality on future performance.JEL Classifications: D83; E22; G31; M15; M41.Data Availability: We thank InformationWeek for providing annual rankings that were previously published. All other data are publicly available from regulatory filings; we obtained data from the Compustat, Execucomp, and I/B/E/S databases.

High-Quality Information Technology and Capital Investment Decisions

We examine the effect of high-quality information technology (IT) on management’s capital investment decisions. Evaluating capital investment decisions with contemporary investment efficiency and long-term measures of investment effectiveness, we document a positive relation between high-quality IT and capital investment decision quality. In particular, we find high-quality IT is associated with more optimal levels of investment as well as fewer future fixed asset write-downs. We also disaggregate investment efficiency and find the relation with IT quality holds for investment decisions related to capital expenditures and acquisition but not research and development expenditures. Overall, our results suggest managers equipped with better internal information from higher quality IT are able to make superior capital investment decisions. Our study contributes to the literature by providing evidence of a significant determinant of capital investment decision quality and documenting a specific mechanism that mediates the indirect effect of IT quality on future performance.

Signaling Sepsis Scenario Development & Validation

Patient-based scenario-driven usability tests are routinely created for health information technology and clinical decision support evaluations. Due to low clinician awareness of sepsis, a study was undertaken to understand clinician performance and preference of different display types for sepsis clinical decision support through multi-centered usability testing. Patient-based clinical scenarios were created to mimic the environment in which providers would interact with clinical decision support. The data provided in the scenarios were drawn from real patient cases from two sepsis databases, including: demographics, visit/operational details, medical history (comorbidities, assessments, vital signs, laboratory values, clinician documentation), and patient disposition/outcomes. The purpose of this work is to inform electronic health record alert optimization and clinical practice workflow to support the effective and timely delivery of high quality sepsis care. This paper discusses the methodology, selection, and validation of patient-based cases used as the clinical scenarios in usability testing.

A consensus-based multicriteria group decision model for information technology management committees

Reaching consensus on decisions—especially when they involve multiple criteria, uncertainty and risk—is a major challenge that Information Technology (IT) Management Committees routinely face. Multicriteria decision-making models could offer support, but may be cumbersome to use when uncertainty and risk are also to be factored in, as it is common in IT service management contexts, for more comprehensive and realistic decisions. Difficulties arise when committee members, who need not be familiar with estimating uncertainty and describing their own or the organization's risk appetite, have to input such estimates to a decision support model. This paper presents a consensus-seeking, IT decision support model that internally blends interval algebra, utility theory and an extended analytic hierarchy process method to account for uncertainty, risk and multiple criteria, respectively. Consensus seeking is supported by the Delphi technique. The model was implemented in two software tools, designed to require little knowledge by users about the model's internals. Three case studies were undertaken in real companies to validate the model. Face validity results offer evidence the model/tools are useful to IT committee members by dispensing with direct, explicit users’ provision of information on uncertainty and risk and by facilitating their consensual decision making.

Innovation in Information Technology Services: Framework to Improve the Effectiveness and Efficiency of Information Technology Service Management Processes, Projects and Decision Support Management

Innovation in Information Technology Services: Framework to Improve the Effectiveness and Efficiency of Information Technology Service Management Processes, Projects and Decision Support Management