Risk Information System Research Articles

Compliance analysis of business information system under classified protection 2.0 of cybersecurity

Abstract Classified protection of cybersecurity is an important part of cybersecurity system of China’s information system. It is the basic requirement of business system compliance operation, and is also a prerequisite for security assessment and solving information system security problems. This article studies and discusses the management system, infrastructure, protection equipment and other aspects. Analyze the business information system, and sort out the compliance of the information system item by item under classified protection of cybersecurity 2.0. According to the analysis results of the compliance of the information system, the non-compliance is classified according to the difficulty of rectification. The information system is rectified and reformed according to the strategy from easy to difficult. So, in short time, the protection level of information system is improved and the security risk of information system is reduced.

Risk Analysis in the Application of Financore Information Systems Using FMEA Method

In the banking world maintaining customer data is very important so as not to experience various risks, including leakage of customer data. Leakage of customer data is one of the big risks that may occur in the banking world, whereas customer confidentiality should be guaranteed. Possible risks such as misuse of identity or theft of transaction data by unauthorized parties. This will certainly harm both the customer and the bank. So that customer data is not leaked, lost or misused, it is necessary to have a regulation or verification system of customer data that can be reviewed for security and use. The solution that can be done to prevent this event is to use the FMEA methods that can be used to reduce errors and system failures. Information system security has a positive and very significant effect on decision making, therefore it is necessary to have an information system risk analysis that supports it comprehensively so that it can help in decision making.

The Effect of Consumer’s Safety Awareness and Complaints of Prior Product Safety Management on the Demand for Reinforcement of Post Product Safety Management

본 연구는 제품인증마크에 대한 인식, 안전정보 불만, 제품안전 불신이 사전 제품안전관리불만, 사후안전관리강화에 미치는 영향력을 공변량구조분석을 사용하여 검증하였다. 본 연구의 주요 분석결과는 다음처럼 요약할 수있다. 첫째, 제품안전정보에 대한 소비자불만, 제품안전에 대한 소비자불신이 사전 제품안전관리불만에 정적 영향을미치는 것으로 나타났다. 이 결과는 제품안전정보에 불만이 많고, 제품안전에 대한 소비자불신이 높은 소비자일수록 제품사전안전관리에 대한 불만 수준이 높음을 알 수 있다. 둘째, 매개변수인 사전 제품안전관리 불만은 소비자의 사후안전관리강화 요구에 정적 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 사전안전관리에 대한 불만이 높은 소비자일수록 사후안전관리강화 요구가 높다고 할 수 있다. 본 연구결과를 토대로 몇 가지 제안하였는데, 첫째, 소비자들의 전에 대한 인식, 소비자들의 안전관리정책에대한 수요를 반영하는 안전관리정책으로 전환되어야 한다. 둘째, 사후 제품안전관리 강화를 적극 도입할 필요가있다. 셋째, 사후안전관리의 수단인 집단소송법, 징벌적 손해배상제도 등의 도입을 적극 검토하고 불법행위에 대한 사업자의 손해배상책임을 엄격히 부과시켜 사업자의 불법행위 및 제품안전사고를 예방해야 한다. 넷째, 제품안전사고에 대한 집단피해구제 인정, 제품결함 등의 입증책임 등에서 소비자 관점이 반영되어야 한다. 다섯째, 소비제품의 사전 안전관리를 철저히 하기 위해 전문적 관리체계 구축, 위해성에 대한 과학적 분석 및 위해정보체계 구축이 시급하다. 끝으로 소비자의 안전의식 고취로 제품으로 인한 대형 안전사고 예방이 중요하다.This study verified the effects of recognition of product certification marks, complaints about safety information, and distrust of product safety on pre-product safety management complaints and reinforcement of post safety management using covariate structure analysis. The main analysis results of this study are as follows. First, it was found that consumer complaints about product safety information and consumer distrust about product safety had a positive effect on prior product safety management complaints. This result shows that the more dissatisfied with product safety information and the higher consumer distrust of product safety, the higher the level of dissatisfaction with product safety management. Second, it was found that the pre-product safety management complaint, a parameter, had a positive effect on the consumer s demand for reinforcement of post safety management. It can be said that the more dissatisfied with the pre-safety management, the higher the demand for reinforcement of post-safety management. Based on the results of this study, several proposals were made. First, it should be converted into a safety management policy that reflects the consumer s perception of the war and the consumer s demand for safety management policy. Second, it is necessary to actively introduce reinforcement of post product safety management. Third, it is necessary to actively review the introduction of the collective action law and punitive damage compensation system, which are means of post-safety management, and strictly impose liability for damages of the business operator for illegal activities to prevent illegal acts and product safety accidents. Fourth, consumer s perspective should be reflected in the recognition of collective damage relief for product safety accidents and the responsibility to prove product defects. Fifth, it is urgent to establish a professional management system, a scientific analysis of risk, and a risk information system to thoroughly manage the safety in advance of consumer products. Finally, it is important to prevent large-scale safety accidents caused by products by raising consumer safety awareness.

Research on information system risk Assessment Based on Improved AHP-Fuzzy theory

Aiming at the problem of security of information systems, a security risk assessment model based on improved AHP-fuzzy theory is proposed. First, the evaluation index system is constructed by using the Delphi method. Second, the improved AHP method is used to calculate the weight of the index system. On this basis, the multilevel fuzzy comprehensive evaluation model is constructed for risk assessment. Finally, taking an OA system in a university as an example, the empirical analysis is carried out. The result shows that the method proposed in this paper is accurate, effective and time-saving. The study will provide a new method for a risk assessment of information systems.

IDENTIFIKASI RISIKO SISTEM INFORMASI BP-REMUN UNIVERSITAS LAMPUNG MENGGUNAKAN METODE NIST SP 800-30

The implementation of remuneration information system make a various risks that can disturb of performance assessment and make a damage for the time or material for Remuneration Management Agency of Lampung University. This research intend to analyze the risk management of remuneration information system and to know the influence of factor the implementation system of risk management remuneration information to used NIST SP 800-30 method. This remuneration information system risk management held for anticipating the source of threat by the following step risk assesment, risk mitigation, and risk evaluation. The result of this risk management is, slow system performance, no features update data, human error, no synchronization with the staffing system, password, security server, differences in perception between verifiers, no notifications data which has not been verified, late data claim and invalid report. The from risk assesment for differences in perception between verifiers and late data claim is high risk, to reduce and eliminate the impact of risk Remuneration Management Agency of of Lampung University do risk mitigation with choose verifier who masters the lecturer performance and early warning system to remind lecturers who have not made claims. The factor that influencing remuneration information system Lampung University risk assesment is human resource that having and ability in information technology for convenience support to risk all risk in every circumstances.

Analisis Risiko Sistem Informasi Pada RSIA Eria Bunda menggunakan Metode FMEA

Teknologi yang berkembang pesat pada bidang IT menjadi komponen penting dan saling melengkapi dalam pengolahan data dan informasi dalam sebuah organisasi. Oleh sebab itu, perlu dilakukan pengelolaan risiko terhadap ancaman – ancaman terhadap keamanan sistem informasi dan penilaian risiko. Terdapat banyak metode yang dapat digunakan dalam melakukan pengelolaan dan penilaian risiko. Salah satunya adalah metode FMEA (Failure Mode and Effect Analysis). Pada penelitian ini menggambil studi kasus di RSIA Eria Bunda. Sebagai industri yang bergerak dibidang kesehatan, RSIA Eria Bunda perlu menjaga kerahasian informasi mengenai data pasien, dokter, obat-obatan, dan staf lainya dari ancaman yang mungkin menimbulkan risiko yang dapat merugikan industri. Dimana tujuan penelitian untuk mengetahui bagaimana tingkatan risiko yang terjadi pada sistem informasi dan memberikan solusi mitigasi kepada RSIA Eria Bunda. Terdapat sepuluh tahapan dalam identifikasi dan penilaian risiko menggukan metode FMEA. Sehingga dari hasil penelitian ini adalah terdapat satu aktivitas dengan kategori tinggi, 6 aktivitas kategori sedang dan Sembilan belas aktivitas dengan kategori rendah.
 Kata kunci: Analisis Risiko, FMEA, RSIA Eria Bunda.

Automating post-exploitation with deep reinforcement learning

In order to assess the risk of information systems, it is important to investigate the behavior of the attacker after successful exploitation (post-exploitation). However, the audit requires the experts, and to the best of our knowledge, there are no solutions to automate this process. This paper proposes a method of automating post-exploitation by combining deep reinforcement learning and the PowerShell Empire, which is famous as a post-exploitation framework. Our reinforcement learning agents select one of the PowerShell Empire modules as an action. The state of the agents is defined by 10 parameters such as type of account that was compromised by the agents. In the learning phase, we compared the learning progress of the 3 reinforcement learning models: A2C, Q-Learning, and SARSA. The result shows that the A2C could gain reward most efficiently. Moreover, the behavior of the trained agents are evaluated in a test domain network. The results show that the trained agent using A2C could obtain the administrative privileges to the domain controller.

Assessing risk of bias in human environmental epidemiology studies using three tools: different conclusions from different tools

BackgroundSystematic reviews are increasingly prevalent in environmental health due to their ability to synthesize evidence while reducing bias. Different systematic review methods have been developed by the US National Toxicology Program’s Office of Health Assessment and Translation (OHAT), the US Environmental Protection Agency’s (EPA) Integrated Risk Information System (IRIS), and by the US EPA under the Toxic Substances Control Act (TSCA), including the approach to assess risk of bias (ROB), one of the most vital steps which is used to evaluate internal validity of the studies. Our objective was to compare the performance of three tools (OHAT, IRIS, TSCA) in assessing ROB.MethodsWe selected a systematic review on polybrominated diphenyl ethers and intelligence quotient and/or attention deficit hyperactivity disorder because it had been endorsed by the National Academy of Sciences. Two reviewers followed verbatim instructions from the tools and independently applied each tool to assess ROB in 15 studies previously identified. We documented the time to apply each tool and the impact the ROB ratings for each tool had on the final rating of the quality of the overall body of evidence.ResultsThe time to complete the ROB assessments varied widely (mean = 20, 32, and 40 min per study for the OHAT, IRIS, and TSCA tools, respectively). All studies were rated overall “low” or “uninformative” using IRIS, due to “deficient” or “critically deficient” ratings in one or two domains. Similarly, all studies were rated “unacceptable” using the TSCA tool because of one “unacceptable” rating in a metric related to statistical power. Approximately half of the studies had “low” or “probably low ROB” ratings across all domains with the OHAT and Navigation Guide tools.ConclusionsTools that use overall ROB or study quality ratings, such as IRIS and TSCA, may reduce the available evidence to assess the harms of environmental exposures by erroneously excluding studies, which leads to inaccurate conclusions about the quality of the body of evidence. We recommend using ROB tools that circumvents these issues, such as OHAT and Navigation Guide.Systematic review registrationThis review has not been registered as it is not a systematic review.

Recent Changes to the US Chemical Regulatory Process: Impacts on Public Health

The chemical regulatory process at the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) has historically been vulnerable to pressure from chemical manufacturers and trade organizations. This pressure can be applied directly on the EPA’s review of and use of science on a specific chemical or can take the form of influence over the process by which science is used by the agency, including in the development of risk assessments, weight-of-evidence analyses, and hazard determinations or during the peer review process by EPA’s advisory committees. We evaluated the way in which process changes at the EPA made since 2017 have or likely will have impacts on the agency’s ability to use the best available science to inform policies that keep the public safe from chemical exposure. Examples include delays and suspension of work under the Integrated Risk Information System, restricting the advice that the Science Advisory Committee on Chemicals and the Science Advisory Board can provide to the agency, limiting the scope of assessment for chemicals under implementation of the Toxic Substances Control Act (TSCA), and issuing a TSCA systematic review framework that departs from scientific best practices. We found that these process alterations have resulted in insufficiently health-protective assessments and resulting policy decisions and fewer opportunities for members of the public to provide input. These impacts are felt especially for communities of color, low-income communities, and Indigenous communities who are experience an inequitable burden of chemical exposure. The speaker will lay out solutions that the EPA can put in place to address these challenges with the chemical regulatory process and prevent against undue influence from the regulated industry.

Risk of Bias Assessments in Evidence Review: Strengths and Limitations

Systematic review methods are increasingly the norm for evaluating evidence of environmental exposure and health effects to inform environmental health decisions as they support greater transparency in the scientific basis and judgements behind public health decisions. Systematic reviews have been adapted from clinical medicine (e.g. GRADE and Cochrane), where data comes largely from randomized, controlled trials. However, environmental health human studies typically rely on human observational studies due to ethical considerations. Thus, methods have been developed in environmental health to evaluate observational human studies that are adapted from Cochrane/GRADE to the environmental health context, and include the UCSF Navigation Guide systematic review method and the U.S. National Toxicology Program (NTP)’s Office of Health Assessment and Translation (OHAT) method. U.S. EPA has also developed methods for the Integrated Risk Information System (IRIS) and the U.S. EPA Toxic Substances Control Act (TSCA). The evaluation of the risk of bias (ROB) or internal validity of included human studies in a systematic review is a critical component in the method. ROB is a feature of a study’s methodological design, conduct, or analysis that may lead to a systematic bias in the true effect of the study. The ROB assessments conducted inform decisions on how the body of evidence will be analyzed. Several tools have been developed from the empirically based tools used to evaluate clinical interventions while accounting for observational human studies conducted in environmental health. This talk will compare strengths and limitations of different tools in assessing ROB tools used by UCSF Navigation Guide, NTP’s OHAT, U.S. EPA’s IRIS program, and by U.S. EPA under TSCA and how they compare to GRADE. Additionally, this talk will review best practices and those not recommended, including use of “overall quality scores”, via a case study relevant to human environmental epidemiology and discuss implications for systematic reviews in environmental health.

Assessing Risk of Bias in Human Epidemiologic Studies Using Four Tools: Different Conclusions from Different Tools

Background: Systematic reviews (SR) are increasingly prevalent in environmental health due to their improved ability to synthesize large bodies of evidence, while minimizing bias. Different SR methods have been developed by the U.S. NTP’s Office of Health Assessment and Translation (OHAT), U.S. EPA’s Integrated Risk Information System (IRIS), and by the U.S. EPA under the Toxic Substances Control Act (TSCA), including how they assess risk of bias (ROB). The objective of this study was to compare the performance of three tools (OHAT, IRIS, TSCA) in assessing ROB, in epidemiology studies in order to identify best practices. Methods: Two reviewers independently applied the OHAT, IRIS and TSCA ROB tools to epidemiologic studies used in a previous SR on polybrominated diphenyl ethers and Intelligence Quotient and/or Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder. This SR was chosen because it has been deemed good quality by the National Academy of Sciences. We measured the time to apply each tool and interrater reliability. Results: The time to complete the ROB assessments using the different tools varied widely (mean = 20, 32, and 40 minutes per study for the OHAT, IRIS, and TSCA tools, respectively). Interrater reliability was moderate for all tools (Kappa values= 0.56, 0.58, and 0.54, respectively). Based on the ROB assessments the overall quality of the body of evidence was similar for the OHAT and IRIS tools. All studies were rated ‘unacceptable’ using the TSCA tool because of an ‘unacceptable’ rating in only one metric not related to ROB, including ‘statistical power’ and ‘study design’. Therefore, no studies were retained to make a judgement about the quality of evidence. Conclusions: Using the TSCA tool may significantly reduce the available evidence to assess the harms of hazardous environmental exposures due to only one ‘unacceptable’ criterion. We recommend using the OHAT method when assessing ROB in SRs.

Special Issue on NIED Frontier Research on Science and Technology for Disaster Risk Reduction and Resilience 2020

We are very pleased to publish the Special Issue on NIED Frontier Research on Science and Technology for Disaster Risk Reduction and Resilience 2020. There are nine papers in this issue. The first two papers concern hazard and risk information systems: Sano et al. constructed a real-time risk information map for flood and landslide disasters, and Hirashima et al. created an alert system for snow removal from rooftops. These systems are already in use on the NIED website. The next three papers are case studies of recent storm disasters in Japan and the United States: Cui et al. analyzed the time variation in the distribution of damage reports in the headquarters for heavy-rainfall disaster control in Fukuoka, Shakti et al. studied flood disasters caused by Typhoon Hagibis (2019), and Iizuka and Sakai conducted a meteorological analysis of Hurricane Harvey (2017). Regarding volcanic disasters, Tanada and Nakamura reported the results of an electromagnetic survey of Mt. Nasudake. This special issue also includes three papers on large-scale model experimentation: Danjo and Ishizawa studied the rainfall infiltration process using NIED’s Large-Scale Rainfall Simulator, Kawamata and Nakazawa conducted experiments concerning liquefaction, and Nakazawa et al. reported the results of experiments on seismic retrofits for road embankments. The experiments used E-Defense, the world’s largest three-dimensional shaking table. We hope this issue will provide useful information for all readers studying natural disasters.

Educational Model for Evaluation of Airport NIS Security for Safe and Sustainable Air Transport

One of the praxeological problems of safe and sustainable air transport (airfreight transport/air cargo, and air passenger transport) is the prevention and management of risks by competent staff, with the support of modern information and communication technologies. This paper presents an educational information model and software for the airport network and information systems risk assessment, primarily intended for aviation education and training of professionals for ensuring safe and sustainable air transport. The solution to the problem is based on the application of the fuzzy logic method in the air transport environment. Based on a fuzzy expert model, the selected scenario, and the input data established separately for airport assets by a group of 23 experts from aviation practice and a university, the following three assessments of airport network information system assets were constructed: Asset A2 (meteorological information systems) has an insignificant risk with an estimated 0.1162, and assets A1 (air traffic control and management (ATM), navigational aids and approach) and A3 (runway monitoring system) received a low risk of airport network and information systems (NIS) security with ratings of 0.2623 and 0.2915, respectively. An airport NIS risk assessment was aggregated (0.2288), indicating a low degree of security risk to the airport’s network and information systems. The aggregated risk assessment of airport NIS, including financial loss data, was calculated as 0.1438, representing a low degree of security risk to the airport’s network and information systems. Scenarios for evaluating airport assets are changing for students during education. The results of the developed model and its software will be part of the Simulation Center of the Faculty of Aeronautics.

Proposal of New Health Risk Assessment Method for Deficient Essential Elements in Drinking Water-Case Study of the Slovak Republic.

The US EPA health risk assessment method is currently widely used to assess human health risks for many environmental constituents. It is used for risk assessment from the exposure to various contaminants exceeding tolerable or safe reference doses, determined e.g., for drinking water, soil, air and food. It accepts widely that excess contents of non-essential elements (e.g., As, Pb or Sb) in environmental compartments represent a general risk to human health. However, contrary to toxic trace elements, deficient contents of essential (biogenic) elements e.g., F, I, Se, Zn, Fe, Ca or Mg may represent even higher health risk. Therefore, we propose to extend the human health risk assessment by calculating the health risk for deficient content and intake of essential elements, and to introduce the terms Average Daily Missing Dose (ADMD), Average Daily Required Dose (ADRD) and Average Daily Accepted Dose (ADAD). We propose the following equation to calculate the Hazard Quotient (HQ) of health risk from deficient elements: HQd = ADRD/ADAD. At present, there are no reference concentrations or doses of essential elements in each environmental compartment in world databases (Integrated Risk Information System IRIS, The Risk Assessment Information System RAIS). ADRD and ADMD can be derived from different regulatory standards or guidelines (if they exist) or calculated from actual regional data on the state of population health and content of essential elements in the environment, e.g., in groundwater or soil. This methodology was elaborated and tested on inhabitants of the Slovak Republic supplied with soft drinking water with an average Mg content of 5.66 mg·L−1. The calculated ADMD of Mg for these inhabitants is 0.314 mg·kg−1·day−1 and HQd is equal to 2.94, indicating medium risk of chronic diseases. This method extending traditional health risk assessment is the first attempt to quantify deficient content of essential elements in drinking water. It still has some limitations but also has potential to be further developed and refined through its testing in other countries.

Algorithm of software package of intellectual decision support when designing cyber security system at the enterprise

Introduction . To increase the decision-making efficiency at the enterprise, it is advisable to use a special software package of intellectual support. Such a product is necessary when designing an information security system and increasing its invulnerability during modernization or configuration changes. Research objectives are as follows: to develop an algorithm and a mathematical model of the software package for intellectual decision support. Materials and Methods . The decision support method under designing an information security system is based on the use of a neural network (multilayer perceptron). For an objective assessment of the initial security of an information system (IS), a mathematical model for the analysis of security events is developed. Results . The statistics of malicious attacks on the IS of enterprises is analyzed. The need for timely and accurate modernization of the information protection system is determined. Important characteristics of the designing an information security system are the speed at which the result is obtained and the reduction in the residual risk of IS. In this regard, the use of artificial intelligence systems in the process of determining the best set of protection subsystems is important. The threats to cyber security (CS) are classified. The main classes of security events are defined. A mathematical model of the neural network is developed; the input parameters of its operation are indicated. The current enterprise IS generates numerous events which necessitates the automatic collection and analysis of data from subsystems for registering IS objects. The process of analyzing security events is considered in detail since the adequacy of the generated design decisions depends on the correctness of the data obtained in this way. The algorithm of the software package is formed. Discussion and Conclusions . The results can be used in the design of the information security system at the enterprise. In addition, CS administrators can use the developed software package to adjust the configuration settings of information security tools. The proposed solution will minimize the destructive influence of the developer of the security system which may and happen to be subjective.

Effects Of Athletic Performance Training On Injury Prevention And Psychosocial Health In Female Adolescent Athletes

Two major health concerns with female adolescent athletes are psychosocial wellness and sports-related injuries. It is also known that these health concerns are much greater for minority students who attend high school in economically depressed cities. PURPOSE: To complete a pilot study on urban underrepresented minority and suburban female high school athletes, to determine the feasibility and utility of using Functional movement screening (FMS) to assess injury risk and Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System (PROMIS) to assess psychosocial health in this population during 10-weeks of athletic training. METHODS: In this feasibility pilot study, female student-athletes from an urban minority high school (n=10) and suburban high schools (n=10) were recruited into a 10-week athletic training study. The primary goals of this study were to: 1) recruit and retain the human subjects throughout the study period, 2) evaluate global health (depression, anxiety, pain, peer relationships and physical function) and physical performance, and 3) assess injury risk. Self-reported data from the subjects were collected at each session, and FMS and performance data were collected at pre- and post-intervention. Statistical analyses to assess changes after the 10-weeks of athletic training were performed using paired t-test. RESULTS: Fifteen students completed the 10-week training, and no adverse events of the training or study were reported. Anxiety (45.8±7.4 vs. 41.4±7.0, p=0.006), peer relationships (51.5±68. vs. 54.1±6.5, p=0.02), pain interference (47.0±6.4 vs. 44.1±7.8, p=0.02), were significantly improved, while depression (47.0±7.9 vs. 44.1±6.8, p=0.08) trended towards significance . Bench Press (70.2±10.7 vs. 82.0±13.9, p=0.0009), Pro Agility (5.8±0.5 vs. 5.4±0.4, p=0.005), and Total FMS (20.3±4.6 vs. 30.4±4.5, p<0.0001) were all significantly improved. Surprisingly, 10 students (67%) were in peril of sports-related injury (FMS<14) at the start of the program, and all but 1 (90%) eliminated this serious risk factor. CONCLUSION: PROMIS and FMS are effective outcome measures to quantify changes in psychosocial wellness and sport-related injury risk in high school female athletes. In addition, exercise improves mood and overall health. Supported by William & Sheila Konar Foundation

Particle and volatile organic compound emissions from a 3D printer filament extruder

Fused Deposition Modeling (FDM®), also known as Fused Filament Fabrication (FFF), 3D printers have been shown in numerous studies to emit ultrafine particles and volatile organic compounds (VOCs). Filament extruders, designed to create feedstocks for 3D printers, have recently come onto the consumer market for at-home hobbyists as an alternative to buying 3D printer filaments. These instruments allow for the creation of 3D printer filaments from raw plastic pellets. Given the similarity in processes and materials used by 3D printers and filament extruders, we hypothesized that filament extruders may also release ultrafine particle emissions and VOCs. An off-the-shelf filament extruder was operated in a 2 m3 chamber using three separate feedstocks: acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS) pellets, pulverized poly-lactic acid (PLA), and PLA pellets. Ultrafine particle emissions were measured in real-time using a scanning mobility particle sizer and thermal desorption tubes were used for both non-targeted and targeted analysis of VOCs present in emissions. Ultrafine particle number emission rates were comparable to those found in 3D printer studies with the greatest to least emission rates from ABS pellets, pulverized PLA, and PLA pellets, respectively. In addition, the majority of particles released were found to be ultrafine (1–100 nm), similar to 3D printer studies. A variety of VOCs were identified using the ABS feedstock, including styrene and ethylbenzene, and PLA feedstock. Styrene average mass concentration amounts were found to be near the EPA Integrated Risk Information System Reference Concentration for Inhalation Exposure for 3 min and 5 min samples. Further studies will be needed to determine the impact on emissions of environmental volume, air exchange rate, and extruder settings such as extrusion speed and temperature. The results support the hypothesis that use of a filament extruder may present an additional exposure risk to 3D printer hobbyists.

Analisis Manajemen Risiko Sistem Informasi Pengelolaaan Data English Proficiency Test (EPT) dan Portal Informasi di UPT Bahasa Universitas Lampung Menggunakan Metode ISO 31000

UPT Language University of Lampung (Unila) is one of the Technical Services Unit (UPT) that utilizes information systems to support effectiveness and efficiency in its implementation in the field. The purpose of this study is to analyze the process of information system risk management at the Unila Language UPT using ISO 31000 and produce recommendations for work units about effective control measures and appropriate treatment for the risks faced. Information system risk management at UPT Language Unila is implemented to anticipate the source of risk threats by means of communication and consultation, setting the context (scope), risk assessment, monitoring and review, and handling. The results of this risk management research are, there are 15 possible risks. These risks are classified into 3 risk categories including personnel risk, system and infrastructure risks, and incidental risks. The level of risk is divided into 5 namely, very high risk, high risk, moderate risk, low risk, and very low risk.

Testing a Comprehensive Volcanic Risk Assessment of Tenerife by Volcanic Hazard Simulations and Social Vulnerability Analysis

Volcanic activity remains highly detrimental to populations, property and activities in the range of its products. In order to reduce the impact of volcanic processes and products, it is critically important to conduct comprehensive volcanic risk assessments on volcanically active areas. This study tests a volcanic risk assessment methodology based on numerical simulations of volcanic hazards and quantitative analysis of social vulnerability in the Spanish island of Tenerife, a well-known tourist destination. We first simulated the most likely volcanic hazards in the two eruptive scenarios using the Volcanic Risk Information System (VORIS) tool and then evaluated the vulnerability using a total of 19 socio-economic indicators within the Vulnerability Scoping Diagram (VSD) framework by combining the analytic hierarchy process (AHP) and the entropy method. Our results show good agreement with previous assessments. In two eruptive scenarios, the north and northwest of the island were more exposed to volcanic hazards, and the east registered the highest vulnerability. Overall, the northern municipalities showed the highest volcanic risk in two scenarios. Our test indicates that disaster risk varies greatly across the island, and that risk reduction strategies should be prioritized on the north areas. While refinements to the model will produce more accurate results, the outputs will still be beneficial to the local authorities when designing policies for volcanic risk reduction policies in Tenerife. This study tests a comprehensive volcanic risk assessment for Tenerife, but it also provides a framework that is applicable to other regions threatened by volcanic hazards.

Supply Chain Risk Evaluation Information System Design using Fuzzy House of Risk in Wooden Toy Industry

In the continuity of business processes, companies cannot avoid the possibility of disruptions in their supply chains. This disorder is referred to as risk. The problem often faced by companies today is a poor internal control system in the production process in the supply chain channel. Therefore it is necessary to propose solutions in the form of new procedures that meet all the criteria of good internal control in the company. To minimize risk events, analysis and design of supply chain risk information systems has been made using a DFD based approach. In this study, the observation of risk in the supply chain path of one of the wooden toy industries, namely CV. Atham Toys. Aims to minimize the risks that occur by creating a DFD-based information system to identify priority risks that occur in the company. Based on observations, there are 25 risk agents that can cause 6 risk events. Then the priority risk chosen using the Fuzzy House of Risk method is price or cost risk with an ARPj value of 499.