Information Decision Support Systems Research Articles

Some Aspects of Intelligent Human-Operators Decision Support Systems for NPP

The design of systems important to the nuclear power plants (NPPs) safety must base on compliance with regulatory documents' requirements and ensuring the object's reliable operation throughout its entire life cycle. One of the aspects of increased requirements for the safe and dependable operation of NPP instrumentation and control systems is perfecting human-operator information decision support systems. In the paper, an approach is considered in which the operator support information system kernel is a flexible modeling complex, which can be used as a digital twin. The paper also discusses methods for assessing the proximity of a physical object and its digital twin based on a consistent and normalized measure of dependence of random vectors.

Research on targeted service technology for early warning information of meteorological disaster based on NLP

Affected by global climate change and the superposition of urban construction, the climate of city meteorological guarantee service puts forward new requirements and new challenges. As the first line of defense of meteorological disaster prevention and reduction, it is very important to realize the refinement targeted service of early warning information. There are some problems in the traditional early warning information service, such as the difficulty of accurate service of early warning information, the lack of precision, and the insufficient mining of early warning text information. This paper mainly analyzes the text description characteristics of early warning information of meteorological disaster, constructs the early warning information knowledge extraction process, constructs the early warning information labeling system, and realizes the early warning effective time extraction method based on conditional random field model, Early warning affected areas extraction method based on bidirectional long-term and short-term memory neural network and early warning cautions extraction method based on bootstrapping weak supervised learning method. Finally, taking the early warning information targeting service of meteorological information decision support system as an example, this paper tests the early warning information extraction methods, and preliminarily realizes the early warning precision targeting service in the decision support service of meteorological disaster prevention and reduction.

Design and Features of Advanced Decision Support Systems

The design of systems important to the safety of nuclear power plants (NPPs) is based on compliance with regulatory documents’ requirements and ensuring the object's reliable operation throughout its entire life cycle. One of the aspects of increased requirements for the reliable and safe operation of NPP process control systems is perfecting human-operator information decision support systems. In the paper, an approach is considered in which the operator support information system kernel is a flexible modeling program complex, which, depending on the tasks being solved, can be used as a digital twin or a digital shadow. The digital twin furnishes the past state of the product, the current state, and probable future states, which is especially significant for its use. The paper also discusses methods for assessing the proximity of a physical object and its digital twin based on a consistent and normalized measure of dependence of random vectors.

A qualitative analysis of communication workflows between adult day service centers and primary care providers.

ObjectivesOur study documented communication workflows across adult day care centers (ADCs) and primary care providers (PCPs) around complex needs of persons living with dementia (PLWD). We also identified barriers and facilitators to productive communication in clinical decision support and clinical information systems.Materials and MethodsWe conducted 6 focus groups with ADC staff (N = 33) and individual semistructured interviews with PCPs (N = 22) in California. The eHealth Enhanced Chronic Care Model was used to frame the directed qualitative content analysis.ResultsOur results captured cumbersome and ineffective workflows currently used to exchange information across PCPs and ADCs. Stakeholders characterized current communication as (1) infrequent, (2) delayed, (3) incomplete, (4) unreliable, (5) irrelevant, and (6) generic. Conversely, communication that was bidirectional, relevant, succinct, and interdisciplinary was needed to elevate the standard of care for PLWD.Discussion and ConclusionADCs possess a wealth of information that can support clinical decision-making across community-based providers involved in the care of PLWD, especially PCPs. However, effective information exchange is mired by complicated workflows that rely on antiquated technologies (eg, facsimile) and standard templates. Current information exchange largely focuses on satisfying regulatory guidelines rather than supporting clinical decision-making. Integrating community-based services into the health care continuum is a necessary step in elevating the standard of care for PLWD. In the absence of interoperable electronic health records, which may not be financially viable for ADCs, other options, such as mobile health, should be explored to facilitate productive information exchange of personalized relevant information.

HEART DISEASE PREDICTION SYSTEM USING MACHINE LEARNING ALGORITHM

Abstract—Information decision support systems are becomingmore in use as we are living in the era of digital data andrise of artificial intelligence. Heart disease as one of the mostknown and dangerous is getting very important attention, thisattention is translated into digital and prediction system thatdetects the presence of disease according to the available dataand information. Such systems faced a lot of problems since thefirst rise, but now with the deveolopment of machine learnigfield we are using them in developing new models to detect thepresence of this disease, in addition to algorithms data is veryimportant which also form the heart of the predicton systems,as we know prediction algorithms take decisions and thesedecisions must be based on facts, and these facts are extractedfrom data, as a result data is the starting point of every system.In this paper we propose a Heart Disease Prediction Systemusing Machine Learning Algorithms, in terms of data we usedCleveland dataset, this dataset is normalized then divided intothree scnearios in terms of traning and testing respectively,80%-20%, 50%-50%, 30%-70%. In each case of dataset ifit is normalized or not we will have these three scenarios.We used three machine learning algorithms for every scenarioof the mentioned before which are SVM, SMO and MLP, inthese algorithms we’ve used two different kernels to test theresults upon that. These two types of simulation are added tothe collection of scenarios mentioned above to become as thefollowing we have at the main level two types normalized andunnormalized dataset, then for each one we have three typesaccording to the amount of training and testing dataset, thenfor each of these scenarios we have two scenarios according tothe type of kernel to become 30 scenarios in total, our proposedsystem have shown a dominance in terms of accuracy over theother previous works.

The Development of Dental Informatics of Oral Cancer Screening for Prevention in Community Level: A Prototype Study in Thailand.

Objective:The purpose of this study is to identify general dentists’ information needs for oral cancer screening in community and the information sources they use to meet those needs in clinical settings so as to inform the design of dental information systems. Methods:A semi-structured interview was conducted with a convenience sample of 8 general dentists and 5 dental assistant in the Public Health Region 9 area during clinical hours. One hundred and five patient cases were reported by these dentists. Interview transcripts were coded and analyzed using thematic analysis with a constant comparative method to identify categories and themes regarding information needs and information source use patterns. Results:Two top-level categories of information needs were identified: foreground and background information needs. To meet these needs, dentists used four types of information sources: clinical information/tasks, risk factor of oral cancer in general people, surveillance in community and referral to oral cancer treatment. Major themes of dentists’ unmet information needs include: (1) timely access to information on various subjects; (2) better visual representations of dental problems; (3) access to patient-specific evidence-based information; and (4) accurate, complete and consistent documentation of patient records. Resource use patterns include: (1) dentists information needs matched information source use; (2) little use of electronic sources took place during treatment; (3) source use depended on the nature and complexity of the dental problems; and (4) dentists and dental nurse routinely practiced cross-referencing to verify patient information. Conclusions:Dentists have various information needs of oral cancer at the point of care. For future development of dental information or clinical decision support systems, developers should consider integrating high-quality, up-to-date clinical evidence into comprehensive and easily accessible EDRs as well as supporting dentists’ resource use patterns as identified in the study.

Strategic training and exercises for critical infrastructure protection and resilience: A transition from lessons learned to effective curricula

Research objectiveTo identify issues which make strategic trainings and exercises for critical infrastructure protection and resilience specific and to use them to formulate relevant curricula guidelines. Material and methodsExperts organizing international and national strategic trainings and exercises for critical infrastructure protection and resilience were involved. Their practical knowledge and experiences were collected by qualitative survey. Experts characterized the trainings and exercises due to particular elements of decision-making process as organizational strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats. This allowed to classify particular lessons learned and make them operational due to formulate the reference training curricula guidelines. Effective trainings and exercises should base on underlining the strengths and the opportunities and limitation of the weaknesses and the threats. ResultsSpecification of the trainings and exercises is expressed by relevant strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats, grouped in five areas (trainees, trainers, decision making process, materials, equipment) to be operational in terms of effective curricula formulation. Discussion and conclusionStrategic trainings and exercises are primarily dedicated for experienced practitioners who face complex problems for critical infrastructure protection and resilience. Use of decision information systems and decision support systems may make the trainings and exercises more practical and rational. Strong support of experienced trainers is required to effectively implement curricula and reduce organizational risks (trainees-, materials- and equipment-related). Media coverage is desired to increase reality of decision making.

Design and application of a specialized information system for monitoring and decision support

The design is considered, involving the use of instrumental and analytical apparatus of GIS (geographic information systems) in order to provide monitoring and support for decision-making by government authorities. For these purposes, the basic models and methods for solving problems that arise before the administration of governing bodies have been analyzed. The design of a graphical-analytical model of a thematic layer of an electronic GIS map using a quadratomic tree is also described. A graph of conceptual-meaningful features and a graph diagram of the formation of graphic means for the design of signs are considered. The advantages and disadvantages of the quadratic tree model are described. In addition, the assessment of the temporal and capacitive complexity of information extraction, which is the main component of clarifying a clear algorithm for setting the problem during the functioning of the system being developed, is analyzed.

Алгоритмы и программные средства адаптации базы знаний информационных систем управления проектами

The effectiveness of design solutions largely depends on the promptness of processing a large amount of data from various sources, which determines the feasibility of using information decision support systems (IDSS) in the field of project management. The peculiarities of information processes in project management greatly complicate or even make it impossible to implement in practice methods for constructing analytical, as well as probabilistic and statistical dependencies between the characteristics of the modeled project management system and the indicators of its internal and external environment. In this regard, as an algorithmic support for IDSS for project management, it is promising to use precedent methods for analyzing information based on knowledge about similar situations previously observed in the practice of project management, and representing knowledge in the form of ontologies. Analysis of practical situations in the field of project management makes it possible to substantiate the expediency of organizing a monitoring procedure for the IDSS knowledge base, based on the results of which decisions on its adaptation are made. The article proposes the main ways of this adaptation: changing the structure and basic elements (first of all, concepts) of ontologies; clarification of the structure of the description of current situations and, therefore, precedents. The developed algorithm for monitoring the IDSS knowledge base on project management for the analysis and identification of typical situations of the feasibility of changing it is described. The algorithm is distinguished by the possibility of developing recommendations on the modification of ontologies based on a fuzzy classification of search results and using precedents relevant to current situations. A procedure is proposed for changing the structure of the description of precedents, taking into account the results of assessing the indices of the fuzzy correspondence of the characteristics of the existing precedents to the characteristics of the project being implemented. A description of a computer program that implements the proposed algorithm and its components, as well as the results of its application are given.

Optimization of Human Resource File Information Decision Support System Based on Cloud Computing

With the rapid development of science and technology era, human resources and knowledge resources have become an important part of the development of enterprises. Therefore, it is very necessary to establish human resources data pool and carry out data mining based on it, so as to extract high quality and high quantity information to provide support for managers’ decision-making. In this study, the human resource archive information decision support system (DSS) is developed for various management and decision-making works by taking advantage of the characteristics of cloud computing, such as large scale, high reliability, versatility, and high expansibility. Based on the analysis of “cloud computing” advantages in resources integration and sharing and so on, on the basis of this system is designed by using the basis of the data acquisition layer, support layer of network services, cloud computing support layer, data standardization conversion layer, system application layer, system layer, decision support layer and so on 7 layer architecture, discusses the features and functions of each layer structure, the working mode and working mode of the Decision Support System (DSS) are introduced in detail. The system makes up for the defects of the traditional archive management, such as the lack of data resources, the inability to realize the isomorphism, and standardized processing of the data from multiple data sources.

WASPAS Method for Defining a Content Creator

In the era of the Industrial Revolution 4.0, social media is very influential in marketing company products, therefore companies interested in using social media need the role of content creators and employees. This is because the selection of prospective employees for content creators is still manual, and the selection of employees who are still related to family leads to an objective selection. Information technology and decision support systems need to be used as a tool to determine the selection of quality content creation staff using the WASPAS method, a combination of the WSM and WPM methods. By assigning weights to each criterion and then conducting a ranking evaluation process, this method can be used to solve the "multi-criteria decision making" problem. The result of this research is to find content creators who meet the standards of the WASPAS analysis method.

Analysis of Managers' Cognitive Models (ORAC Classification) and its Impact on the Effectiveness of Implementation of Management Decision Support Systems: The Case of the Healthcare Sector

Purpose: The aim of the article is to show the importance of reasoning (cognitive models) and experience of managers as a key success factor in implementation of management information systems (MIS). An important goal of the article is also to identify information needed and the importance of information and management decision support systems in healthcare which is one of the important sectors of the economy. Design/Methodology/Approach: The article is based on secondary and primary research. The literature in the area of decision support systems in management and factors that influence the success of implementing these systems were analysed. Quantitative and qualitative research was carried out on the information systems of health care facilities and information needs of decision makers. The conclusions of the research were based on the following research, in-depth group interviews (FGI), individual in-depth interviews (IDI) with directors of medical facilities (27), interviews with facility employees (PAPI), interviews with patients (PAPI), Delphi study using the CAWI technique. Findings: There is a great need to implement decision support systems due to the growing amount of information available to managers and the need to process it quickly. Practical Implications: The article presents a unique approach showing how the cognitive systems of managers and their way of reasoning influence the type and specifics of management decision support systems. Originality/value: The article presents a unique approach showing how the cognitive systems of managers and their way of reasoning influence the type and specificity of management decision support systems.

THE MODERATION EFFECT OF INFORMATION SYSTEMS ON VOCATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL PRINCIPAL DECISION-MAKING MODEL

A decision-making process in an organization is more effective if it is supported by reliable and valid information systems. Management Information System (MIS) and Decision Support System (DSS) are two systems commonly used by organizational leaders to collect information for making the Quality of Decision (QD). This study aimed to empirically investigate MIS influences on vocational high school principals’ QD. Besides, this study examined the moderation effect of the DSS on the decision-making processes. This quantitative research employed the survey method and purposive sampling technique. As many as 60 vocational high school principals and vice-principals in Yogyakarta, Indonesia were the participants of this study. They filled in questionnaires consisting of 19 items that were developed using the Likert scale. The quantitative data obtained were analyzed using Structural Equation Modeling. The research findings show that MIS has a significant effect on the quality of the decision-making process by vocational high school principals. However, for improving the decision quality, the model must be assisted by DSS as the moderator variable. MIS carries information required for principals while DSS provides data, model, and analysis instruments used for special cases in vocational high schools.

EFFECTIVENESS OF COMPUTER-BASED NURSING DOCUMENTATION IN NURSING CARE IN HOSPITAL – A LITERATURE REVIEW

Background: Nurse population in hospitals has a greater proportion than other health workers. Nearly 60-70% of the total human resources available, occupied by nurses. In fact, 90% of the health services provided are a form of nursing service. Therefore, nursing service is a form of professional service that is the biggest indicator in realizing the quality of hospital services. One of the duties of nurses in providing nursing services in accordance with standards is to document all nursing care provided. Objective: To review journals about documenting computer-based nursing care in hospitals for the effectiveness of the preparation of nursing care. Methods: Quantitative, mixed-methods, and qualitative reviews that aim to evaluate the influence of computerized nursing documentation (eg, management, computerized decision support systems and information systems) on nursing care were included. We used the nursing care performance framework as an extraction grid and analytical tool. This model illustrates how the interplay between nursing resources and nursing services can produce changes in patient conditions. The primary outcomes included nurses' practice environment, nursing processes, professional satisfaction, and nursing-sensitive outcomes. The secondary outcomes included satisfaction or dissatisfaction with computerized nursing documentation according to nurses 'and patients' perspectives. Reviews published in English, French, or Spanish from January 1, 2000 to December 15, 2019, were considered.
 Results: A total of 5515 titles or abstracts were assessed for eligibility and full-text papers of 72 articles were retrieved for detailed evaluation. It was found that 22 reviews published between 2002 and 2015 met the eligibility criteria. Many nursing care themes (ie, indicators) were influenced by the use of computerized nursing documentation, including time management; time spent on patient care; documentation time; information quality and access; quality of documentation; knowledge updating and utilization; nurse autonomy; intra and interprofessional collaboration; nurses' competencies and skills; nurse-patient relationship; assessment, care planning, and evaluation; teaching of patients and families; communication and care coordination; perspectives of the quality of care provided; nurses and patients satisfaction or dissatisfaction with computerized nursing documentation; patient comfort and quality of life related to care; empowerment; and functional status.

The burden of the digital environment: a systematic review on organization-directed workplace interventions to mitigate physician burnout.

ObjectiveTo conduct a systematic review identifying workplace interventions that mitigate physician burnout related to the digital environment including health information technologies (eg, electronic health records) and decision support systems) with or without the application of advanced analytics for clinical care.Materials and MethodsLiterature published from January 1, 2007 to June 3, 2020 was systematically reviewed from multiple databases and hand searches. Subgroup analysis identified relevant physician burnout studies with interventions examining digital tool burden, related workflow inefficiencies, and measures of burnout, stress, or job satisfaction in all practice settings.ResultsThe search strategy identified 4806 citations of which 81 met inclusion criteria. Thirty-eight studies reported interventions to decrease digital tool burden. Sixty-eight percent of these studies reported improvement in burnout and/or its proxy measures. Burnout was decreased by interventions that optimized technologies (primarily electronic health records), provided training, reduced documentation and task time, expanded the care team, and leveraged quality improvement processes in workflows.DiscussionThe contribution of digital tools to physician burnout can be mitigated by careful examination of usability, introducing technologies to save or optimize time, and applying quality improvement to workflows.ConclusionPhysician burnout is not reduced by technology implementation but can be mitigated by technology and workflow optimization, training, team expansion, and careful consideration of factors affecting burnout, including specialty, practice setting, regulatory pressures, and how physicians spend their time.

ПРИМЕНЕНИЕ МЕХАНИЗМА ПРЕДПРОЦЕССОРНОЙ ОБРАБОТКИ РАЗНОРОДНЫХ ДАННЫХ В ГЕОИНФОРМАЦИОННЫХ СИСТЕМАХ ПОДДЕРЖКИ ПРИНЯТИЯ РЕШЕНИЯ

The problem of local databases autonomy in distributed information systems is widely known and has been solved for a long time by specialists, but there is still no unambiguous and universally recog-nized approach to solving this problem. The process of working with distributed databases when creat-ing a geographic information system for decision support is not an exception, where the inviolability of the structure and completeness of local databases should remain the primary criterion for the sys-tem's operation. The purpose of the study is to increase the autonomy of local databases in geoinfor-mation decision support systems based on the use of preprocessing processing of heterogeneous data. This article proposes approaches and specific solutions for the physical and logical representation of the geoinformation system structure by means of the implementation of the preprocessing mechanism, which will allow you to combine and transform data even before they are displayed in the application. Thus, a person making a decision, when working in a geoinformational decision support system, will have full access to up-to-date information with the ability to record the results obtained by saving a virtual database created at his request.

Environmental monitoring in construction for hydro-technical structures and land reclamation facilities of Uzbekistan

The article is devoted to the urgent topic of creating a comprehensive geographic information system for environmental monitoring and decision support for hydro-technical structures and land reclamation facilities of Uzbekistan. The research results allow a more substantial assessment of the environmental situation, the fundamental features of the arid zone. For monitoring, a methodology is disclosed, which will help water and water organizations to plan and predict the environmental status in the water sector. The results of a comprehensive analysis of the Aral Sea basin using geographic information systems will help in creating a decision support system. The excessive use of water resources within the Aral Sea basin for agricultural, industrial, and wastewater needs has resulted in the contamination of water resources by a diversity of hazardous chemicals from anthropogenic. Expert questionnaires for environmental measures developed during the reconstruction of hydro-technical structures and land reclamation facilities. They are using the methodology of environmental monitoring. It is possible to evaluate and improve the hydro ecological situation of hydro-technical structures and land reclamation facilities in Uzbekistan

INVESTIGATION OF THE PROBLEM OF OPTIMIZATION OF THE HIERARCHICAL STRUCTURE OF A SPARSE AND DENSE COMMUNICATION NETWORK

The article is devoted to the study of the optimization problem for the hierarchical structure of a multicommodity communication network with discrete flows and parameters when its density changes (the ratio of the number of network arcs to the maximum possible number of arcs for a given number of nodes in the network). The network has three levels of hierarchy — a backbone, a zonal and a internal and four types of nodes — backbone nodes of the first, second and third types, forming the backbone and zonal levels of the network, and nodes of the fourth type, which subordinate to each backbone node and form the internal levels of the network. The types of nodes different from one another in functionality. The main task of the study is to establish how the structure of the backbone network changes (the number and location of backbone nodes of the first, second and third types), the scheme of processing and distribution of flows and technical and economic indicators of the network's functioning for various degrees of its density. The principles of organizing the sorting and distribution of flows in a three-level network and its mathematical model are given. A mathematical model of the problem of optimizing the structure of the backbone network and the schemes of sorting and distribution of flows is formulated. The algorithms for solving the problem are based on the discrete analogue of the local descent method proposed earlier by the authors, when the neighborhoods of the metric space of possible solutions are chosen from heuristic considerations, taking into account the peculiarities of the problem being solved. Computer modeling of the problem on a homogeneous network containing 100 nodes with a change in the degree of nodes from 2 to 99 is carried out. The modeling was carried out on the example of a road transport network for the transportation of cargo using a computer program, which is part of the instrumental software of the Information and Analytical Decision Support System (IA DSS), which is being developed at the Institute of Telecommunications and Global Information Space of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine. An experimental study of the solution to the problem showed that the best technical, economic and operational indicators of its functioning are achieved with a degree nodes from 9 to 14, when high network connectivity is ensured, and is significantly reduced the average and maximum time of delivery of cargos to recipients. The proposed computer technology for solving problem with changing network density allows you to interactively modeling various options of a network , changing the topology, hierarchical structure, flows, parameters and constraints of the model and from the family of the resived results choose the best option, taking into account the selected a goal function and the accepted constraints; calculate preliminary technical and economic indicators of the network's functioning, estimate the cost of additional resources and plan the amount of investment required for the modernization and construction of its structural elements, which ultimately makes it possible to increase the efficiency functioning of the network by optimizing use of its resources and reducing the operating costs for the processing and transportation of flows.

DECISION SUPPORT INFORMATION SYSTEM FOR THE CHOICE OF MASTER'S PROGRAMS

In the context of COVID-19, when most of the processes are transferred online, one of the tasks of digitalizing the main business processes of modern universities is the implementation of marketing strategies, in particular, for the implementation of career guidance activities, and helping future applicants - applicants for I and II (master's) levels of the higher education in the implementation of the choice of educational programs. Therefore, the need to design an information system for decision-making support for the choice of master's programs based on the results of career guidance testing is actualized. The creation and use of the system "Selection of a master's program" will contribute to an increase in the efficiency of career guidance work on the part of higher educational institutions, as well as a more conscious choice of an educational program on the part of applicants. Based on the results of the analysis of the needs of potential students (potential graduates) and other analogues, we have modelled a decision support information system for the choice of master's programs. The main business processes, types of users (applicant, methodologist, expert, analyst) and options for their interaction with the system, namely, the formation of tests, passing the test, the formation of recommendations (educational programs) and the implementation of educational analytics, have been determined. The option of realization of this system by means of Visual Studio Code and MySQL for definition of specialties and educational programs on an example of National university of bioresources and nature management (NULES) of Ukraine is offered. This web resource can be useful both for university students or prospective applicants of the University and for other users as the developed system belongs to the reference class. The directions of further research are determined, in particular, the application of data mining methods for educational analytics. The necessity of attracting specialists to create tests is defined to provide the basis for determining the educational program not only based on an analysis of future applicants’ preferences, but also the level of formation of the corresponding professional skills.

Realization of a Geographic Information System for aid decision-making for forest management

This work aims to create a decision support and geographic information system aimed at optimizing the management of forest capital in the Adrar region. Through this awareness, we question the place of geographic information in the dialogue process and the approach to sustainable development. Cadastral data, satellite images, cartographic and photographic data will be presented. Data processing and data integration will be discussed. The expected results must provide knowledge beyond reach without these tools. They clarify the importance of satellite images and the spatial component of geographic information. In the current context of sustainable development, geographic information appears necessary for decision-making.