Influence Of Cultural Values Research Articles

Understanding the ecologically conscious behaviors of status motivated millennials

PurposeThis paper aims to test the relationship between millennials’ status motivation and their ecologically conscious consumer behavior (ECCB) and the mediating role of culture influencing this effect.Design/methodology/approachA panel of millennials was surveyed using established scales to measure their status motivation, cultural values and ECCB.FindingsThe findings demonstrate status motivation has a positive effect on millennials’ ECCB. The findings indicate that the cultural values of collectivism, power distance and masculinity mediate the relationship between status motivation and ECCB.Research limitations/implicationsThis study looked at responses from one generation, millennials, in one country, the USA.Practical implicationsStatus motivation can impact ECCB and cultural values mediate this relationship. Status motivation can directly impact ECCB, as well as work positively through the cultural values of collectivism and power distance and negatively through masculinity.Social implicationsThe results suggest ECCB for status-motivated millennials is driven by both status motivation and their collectivism, power distance and masculinity. To encourage millennials’ ECCB, public policymakers and marketers should emphasize the social influences of sustainable behaviors and how these behaviors make them stand out from others who are not sustainable and target those who view women as equal to men.Originality/valueThis research examines how millennials’ status motivations impact their ecologically conscious behaviors both directly and through the mediating role of cultural values. This research contributes by answering the call for looking at the influence of cultural values on environmental behaviors. It offers a possible reason for the mixed findings previously in the literature regarding status and sustainability by illustrating status motivations may work both directly and through cultural values in influencing ECCB. Thus, it is one of the first studies to demonstrate culture’s mediating effect in the area of sustainability.

Gurus and Griots: Revisiting the research informed consent process in rural African contexts

BackgroundResearchers conducting community-based participatory action research (CBPAR) in highly collectivistic and socioeconomically disadvantaged community settings in sub-Saharan Africa are confronted with the distinctive challenge of balancing universal ethical standards with local standards, where traditional customs or beliefs may conflict with regulatory requirements and ethical guidelines underlying the informed consent (IC) process. The unique ethnic, socioeconomic, and cultural diversities in these settings have important implications for the IC process, such as individual decisional autonomy, beneficence, confidentiality, and signing the IC document.Main textDrawing on insights and field observations from conducting CBPARs across several rural, highly communal, low literate, and low-income communities in Ghana, we discuss some theoretical, ethico-cultural, and methodological challenges associated with applying the universal, Western individualistic cultural value-laden IC process in sub-Saharan Africa. By citing field situations, we discuss how local cultural customs and the socioeconomic adversities prevalent in these settings can influence (and disrupt) the information disclosure process, individual decisional authority for consent, and voluntariness. We review the theoretical assumptions of the Declaration of Helsinki’s statement on IC and discuss its limitations as an ultimate guide for the conduct of social science research in the highly communal African context. We argue that the IC process in these settings should include strategies directed at preventing deception and coercion, in addition to ensuring respect for individual autonomy. We urge Universities, research institutions, and institutional review boards in Africa to design and promote the use of context-appropriate ethical IC guidelines that take into consideration both the local customs and traditional practices of the people as well as the scientific principles underpinning the universal IC standards.ConclusionWe recommend that, rather than adopt a universal one-size-fits-all IC approach, researchers working in the rural, highly collectivistic, low literate, socioeconomically disadvantaged settings of sub-Saharan Africa should deeply consider the roles and influence of cultural values and traditional practices on the IC and the research process. We encourage researchers to collaborate with target communities and stakeholders in the design and implementation of context-appropriate IC to prevent ethics dumping and safeguard the integrity of the research process.

Shared Cultural Values Influence Mental Health Help-Seeking Behaviors in Asian and Latinx College Students

The current study sought to understand the influence of cultural values on mental health attitudes and help-seeking behaviors in college students of diverse ethnic backgrounds. Asian and Latinx college students (N = 159) completed an online survey in which they reported on their adherence to cultural values as measured by ethnicity-specific cultural values and general attitudes towards mental health. Factor analysis revealed two common factors of cultural values irrespective of ethnicity: Interdependent Orientation (IO) and Cultural Obligation (CO). Regardless of ethnicity, the more students endorsed IO values, the less likely they were to perceive a need for mental health treatment. IO value adherence was also predictive of more negative attitudes towards mental health. CO values were not predictive of perceived need or help-seeking behaviors. Findings highlight the importance of understanding shared cultural values across ethnic-racial groups and considering how the multidimensionality of culture may help explain shared mental health behaviors crossing lines of ethnic group membership.

Relevansi Nilai ‘Ngo Mbeong’ dalam membentuk Etos Kerja Mahasiswa Manggarai di Jayapura

This article aims to describe and analyze the reasons Manggarai students choose to migrate in Jayapura City and choose to study while working, as well as describe and analyze the influence of cultural values on work ethic in Manggarai students who study while working in Jayapura City. Method used in this research is descriptive qualitative. To obtain objective data, I used observation and in-depth interviews. The data analysis used includes the stages of data reduction, data exposure and data interpretation. The results of this study indicate that Manggarai students who migrate to college while working in Jayapura City have a hard work ethic, discipline, independence, togetherness and mutual help. The formation of their work ethic is influenced by the relevance of cultural values that can form a work ethic. In order to support the needs of daily life and while studying, Manggarai students choose to study while working, the cultural values embedded in them have a strong influence. The cultural values they have are embedded in themselves as a driving force to grow and form a high spirit of work ethic.

Green product preferences considering cultural influences: a comparison study between Malaysia and Indonesia

PurposeThere is an increasing awareness among manufacturers to make production more sustainable in Southeast Asian countries such as Malaysia and Indonesia. Manufacturers are now urged to not only focus on the business profit but also concern on environment protection by producing green products. However, issues may arise regarding the preferences of customers on green products, which will vary due to the influence of cultural values. This will give an impact on the marketing of green products. The aim of this study is to identify the influence of cultural values on the green products design in Malaysia and Indonesia.Design/methodology/approachA pretest on the survey instruments was performed to ensure the reliability and validity of the questionnaire. The collected data were statistically analyzed based on the satisfaction level, confirmatory factor analysis and structural equation modeling.FindingsThe results showed that customer preferences in Malaysia were mostly influenced by uncertainty avoidance, long-term orientation and power distance, excluding collectivism and masculinity. In Indonesia, the dimension of uncertainty avoidance and long-term orientation had significant influence, whereas power distance, masculinity and collectivism dimension had no influence. Eco-label was identified as the most important factor for green products in Malaysia and having product services characteristics factor for product lifetime extension in Indonesia.Practical implicationsFor practices, the cultural values and preferred characteristics identified in this study provide valuable information to policymakers and businesses on what draws customers toward green products in Malaysia and Indonesia. This finding can be used as supported data for the policymakers in order to achieve sustainable development goal (SDGs) in Malaysia and Indonesia.Originality/valueThe findings of this study provide valuable information for designers to design products with green characteristics that cater to the consumer market in Malaysia and Indonesia, as well as other countries which may have similar cultural traits.

PENGARUH PERSEPSI WAJIB PAJAK TERHADAP KEPATUHAN MEMBAYAR PAJAK PADA PENGUSAHA MUDA DI KOTA PAREPARE DIMODERASI OLEH NILAI BUDAYA BUGIS

This study aims to determine the effect of subjective norms, behavioral control and attitudes on compliance with paying local taxes, the influence of subjective norms, behavioral control and attitudes on cultural values of Bugis, the influence of cultural values on compliance with paying local taxes the influence of subjective norms, behavioral control and attitudes towards compliance to pay local taxes through Bugis cultural values. This research was conducted in the City of Parepare. The time of this research was started from March to August 2020. The population in this study were young entrepreneurs in the city of Parepare, who are members of the Parepare City Young Entrepreneurs Association. Sampling using saturated sampling technique or census, the sample in this study was 150 respondents. The results of the study 1) Subjective norms have no significant effect on compliance with paying local taxes, 2) Behavioral control has a positive and significant effect on compliance with paying local taxes, 3) Attitudes have no positive and significant effect on compliance with paying local taxes. 4) Subjective Norms have no negative and insignificant effect on the cultural values of Bugis, 5) Behavioral control has a positive and significant effect on the cultural values of Bugis, 6) Attitudes have a positive and significant effect on the cultural values of Bugis, 7) Cultural values of Bugis have an effect on compliance with paying taxes 8) Based on the calculation of path analysis it can be concluded that subjective norms have no positive and insignificant effect on compliance with paying local taxes through cultural values of Bugis, 9) Based on the calculation of path analysis it can be concluded that behavioral control has a positive and significant effect on compliance with paying local taxes through Bugis cultural values, 10) Based on the calculation of path analysis, it can be concluded that attitudes have a positive and significant effect on compliance with paying local taxes through Bugis cultural values.

An instrument for measuring the influence of consumers' cultural values on functional food perception

PurposeThe purpose of the article is to develop an instrument for measuring the influence of consumers' cultural values on functional food perception.Design/methodology/approachThe study is quantitative in nature and builds on an earlier qualitative study that employed in-depth interviews, thematic analysis and constant comparative analysis to construct a survey instrument which initially had 53 items. The quantitative study involved an online survey that was conducted using this instrument, which resulted in 365 complete cases that included 173 Anglo-Australian, 102 Chinese and 90 Indian respondents living in Australia. The survey data were subjected to exploratory factor analysis using Principal axis factoring, with Promax rotation.FindingsThe research has validated that functional food perception is dependent upon consumers' cultural values. The results of the exploratory factor analysis provided a six-factor instrument with 32 items.Research limitations/implicationsOnly three ethnic groups were involved in this study and that is not entirely representative of Australia or other countries. The instrument, however, will allow researchers in the field of functional food to extend the research to other diverse communities.Practical implicationsThe instrument will further enable functional food producers and marketers to develop effective marketing strategies based on their knowledge of the influence of cultural values on functional food perception.Originality/valueThe instrument developed from this study, for measuring consumers' functional food perception based on cultural values, is the first of its kind.

ТЕОРЕТИКО-ПСИХОЛОГІЧНИЙ АНАЛІЗ ПОНЯТТЯ «КОГНІТИВНА УСТАНОВКА»

Purpose. The aim of the article is to carry out the theoretical analysis of the concept of “cognitive attitude”. The main approaches to understanding the concept of “attitude” by the scientists are considered in the article, they are L. Bozhovych, F. Znanetsky, D. Katz, D. Kelly, D. Myers, I. Myasishchev, G. Allport, M. Rokeach, E. Stotland, W. Thomas, D. Uznadze, M. Fishbein, V. Yadov and others. The analysis of the concept of "cognitive attitude" in the approaches of such scientists as A. Eisen, A. Abun, M. Donald, K. Cherry, S. Hofstede and others.Introduction. The analysis of A. Ellis's rational-emotional approach is made, the meaning of which is that a strong emotional consequence follows an important event, but in fact the emotional consequence arises under the influence of a person's belief system. When this undesirable emotional consequence is such as strong anxiety, anger, etc., its cause can be found in what A. Ellis calls irrational attitudes of human. It is concluded that the emergence of excessive emotions is based on the cognitive errors. In the rational-emotional approach to different categories of cognitive errors it is customary to use the term "irrational judgments" (exaggeration, simplification, unfounded assumptions, erroneous conclusions, absolutization etc.).According to the results of the analysis concluded that the emergence of irrational judgments (attitudes) is often associated with a person’s past, when he/she perceived them in childhood, not yet having the skill to conduct critical analysis at the cognitive level, not being able to refute them at the behavioral level, because he/she was limited and did not face the situations that could refuteor receive some reinforcement from the social environment. It is important fora person to know that irrational attitudes can be changed.Originality.The following concepts are considered in the article: an attitude, the cognitive attitude, the ethical attitude, the transactional analysis, rational and emotional therapy, rational judgments, behavior, emotions.Conclusion. It is concluded that the term "cognitive attitude" should be understood as the thoughts, beliefs, feelings and behavior of a person in relation to a particular subject, person, object or event. It is the tendency to evaluate things according to one’s own perception, ideas or feelings. The cognitive attitudes can contain positive or negative thoughts or feelings about a particular subject, object, person, group, event, etc. That becomes an individual tendency to react favorably or unfavorably to a certain subject, object, event, etc.The cognitive attitudes are the result of the upbringing or influence of cultural values which will influence a person’s behavior later towards a certain subject or object, person or event and so on.

A cross-cultural study on the influence of cultural values and teacher beliefs on university teachers’ information and communications technology acceptance

This study examined how cultural values and teacher beliefs influence Chinese and Spanish university teachers’ acceptance of ICTs by combining Hofstede’s cultural values theory with technology acceptance theories. Four hundred and twenty-five university teachers from China and 385 teachers from Spain participated in the study. The proposed research model was tested by using samples from both countries and the multigroup analyses were performed to test moderating effects of cultural variables. Results confirmed the validity of the model in both samples and the effects of cultural values on the adoption of ICTs, and significant differences were observed between the two samples.

Theoretical Basis for the Issue of the Influence of Cultural Values on the Intercultural Communication Development in Modern Society

This article considers the influence of cultural values on intercultural communication development in modern society. It focuses on the theoretical issues of intercultural communication and the degree of influence of cultural elements on its development. The authors note the interrelation between the modern system of intercultural communication development and the cultural model of society. The intercultural communication development implies a close “interaction of cultures” and communication among different nations. According to the authors, the intercultural context identifies the concepts of “interaction” and “communication”. The problem under discussion is of importance due to the identification of the degree to which culture influences the modern system of intercultural communication development. The article considers the mechanism of the influence of cultural values of individual nations on the development of intercultural communication of a person and the ways of its reflection in modern society. Based on the studies of researchers such as A.P. Sadokhina, T.G. Grushevitskaya [8], Wilhelm von Humboldt [9] and others, the article describes various levels of influence of cultural values on the interrelation of nations. The authors deal with the problems of interaction, borrowing, understanding, perception of cultural values characteristic of a certain nation and those attributed to other ones, as well as intercultural conflicts and their solution, phenomena of ethnocentrism and cultural diffusion in the process of intercultural communication development in modern society. The authors number the problems of affective reaction and adaptation among the main problems of intercultural communication development in modern society. They also raise a current issue of cultural globalization and the idea of global culture. The article aims at identifying the degree to which cultural values influence the intercultural communication development in modern society. In order to achieve the aim, the authors set the following tasks: — to analyze the theoretical issues of the influence of cultural values on the intercultural communication development; — to identify the particular features of the influence of cultural values on the intercultural communication development. The interaction between a language and culture of a certain nation is considered as an essential component of the intercultural communication development. The authors accept the view that the linguistic system and cultural values are the main carriers of information about history, traditions, religion and other spheres of the people’s existence. The authors emphasize the mandatory participation of a language and culture in the intercultural communication development. In conclusion, using the formula, the authors confirm the theory of the influence of cultural values on the intercultural communication development in modern society.
 Keywords: communication, development, culture, modern society, individual

Guidelines for Designing Green Products Considering Customers’ Cultural Preferences

The increasing customer awareness of environmental sustainability during the last decade has had an influence on many manufacturers to produce green products. However, issues arise regarding the actual preferences of customers for green products, which often differ depending on cultural influences. Cultural values can affect the decisions of designers to determine detailed design specifications that relate to customer preferences. Currently, few guidelines consider cultural values as an aspect of green product design. Thus, the aim of this study is to develop a guideline that incorporates the influence of cultural values on green product design. Malaysia was selected as the location of this study. The sources of data to establish a guideline were obtained from customer perspectives on green products. Structural equation modeling (SEM) was used to identify cultural influences and preferences on green product characteristics as the input strategies for the proposed guideline. Professional designers from different profiles were asked to identify the applicability of the guideline. Based on the results, the designers agreed that the influence of cultural values is an important aspect that should be considered in the development of green products. The implication of the guideline is discussed in this paper to accelerate decisions of designers in developing green products.

Exploring cultural influences on mobile marketing acceptance

Mobile platforms are increasingly important outlets for marketing communications. Previous work has examined the impact of individual-level characteristics such as attachment, privacy concern, permission and risk avoidance on mobile marketing acceptance in cross-cultural settings. Recent work calls for research to identify the cultural influences that account for market differences. The current work explores the influence of cultural values, measured at the individual level, on two dominant markets, the US and China. Findings indicate uncertainty avoidance and long-term orientation are important antecedents to mobile marketing acceptance. We further clarify the role of individual-level characteristics and find risk avoidance and permission to significantly impact attitudes toward mobile marketing in both markets.

The Confucian Value of Benevolence and Volunteering Among Chinese College Students: The Mediating Role of Functional Motives

Previous studies have revealed the influence of cultural values on volunteering; however, few have focused on the Confucian value of benevolence. This study examined the relationship between the Confucian value of benevolence and volunteering, as well as the mediating role of volunteer motives. A total of 473 Chinese college students completed questionnaires to assess the Confucian value of benevolence, including familism, unity, and harmony (UH), six functional motives to volunteer and volunteering. The results revealed a positive relationship between UH and volunteering and the mediating role of functional motives; however, there was no significant association between familism and volunteering. Furthermore, a multigroup analysis suggested that the mediation model was similar across genders among college students. Practical implications and limitations are also discussed.

Exploring cultural influences on mobile marketing acceptance

Mobile platforms are increasingly important outlets for marketing communications. Previous work has examined the impact of individual-level characteristics such as attachment, privacy concern, permission and risk avoidance on mobile marketing acceptance in cross-cultural settings. Recent work calls for research to identify the cultural influences that account for market differences. The current work explores the influence of cultural values, measured at the individual level, on two dominant markets, the US and China. Findings indicate uncertainty avoidance and long-term orientation are important antecedents to mobile marketing acceptance. We further clarify the role of individual-level characteristics and find risk avoidance and permission to significantly impact attitudes toward mobile marketing in both markets.

Do Gen Zs feel happy about their first job? A cultural values perspective from the hospitality and tourism industry

Purpose To address Generation Z’s role in the emerging workforce, this paper aims to examine Chinese Generation Z’s subjective well-being (SWB) during their internship in the hospitality and tourism industry through the lens of Chinese cultural values. It explores the extent to which Gen Zs identify with Chinese cultural values and the influences of Chinese cultural values on intern students’ SWB which, in turn, predicts their future job intentions in this industry. Design/methodology/approach This paper proposes a normative model to contextualize the multi-dimensional interactions between Chinese cultural values, intern students’ SWB, and their future job intentions in the hospitality and tourism industry. A survey as the main data collection method was used with 400 respondents in Macau, China in testing hypotheses and analyzing the direct and indirect effects of these interactions. Findings The paper provides empirical insights into the way that Generation Z’s SWB is influenced by Chinese cultural values. Findings show that Chinese intern students’ average SWB in the workplace was above average. It also suggests that two cultural dimensions can be identified as playing a significant and salient role in shaping their SWB in the workplace as well as their future job intentions, namely, attitudes toward work and job-related face values. However, no significant relationships with the other three dimensions of CCVs were found to influence their SWB or future job intentions, namely, attitudes toward people, moral discipline and status and relationship. Research limitations/implications This research results may lack generalizability because the respondents chosen in Macau cannot be fully representative of Chinese Generation Z. Therefore, researchers are encouraged to widen the respondent base. Furthermore, cultural influences are tempered by many macro-contextual factors. Although this study focuses on unpacking Generation Z’s mental status from the level of national culture, other factors such as organizational considerations warrant future academic attention. Originality/value This paper addresses a research gap by identifying the influences of cultural values on the SWB of intern students which, in turn, affects their future job intentions in the hospitality and tourism industry.

Trust, transparency, and openness: How inclusion of cultural values shapes Nordic national public policy strategies for artificial intelligence (AI)

Using textual analysis methodology with Hofstede's cultural dimensions as basis for cross-national comparison, the manuscript explores the influence of cultural values of trust, transparency, and openness in Nordic national artificial intelligence (AI) policy documents. Where many AI processes are technologies hidden from view of the citizen, how can public institutions support and ensure these high levels of trust, transparency, and openness in Nordic culture and extend these concepts of “digital trust” to AI? One solution is by authoring national policy that upholds cultural values and personal rights, ultimately reinforcing these values in their societies. The paper highlights differences in how Nordic nations position themselves using cultural values as organizing principles, with the author showing these values (i.e., trust through clear information and information security, transparency through AI literacy education and clear algorithmic decision making, and openness by creating data lakes and data trusts) support the development of AI technology in society. The analysis shows that three cultural values are upheld and influence Nordic national AI strategies, while themes of privacy, ethics, and autonomy are present, and democracy, a societal building block in the Nordics, is especially prominent in the policies. For policy development, policy leaders must understand that without citizen involvement in AI implementation or lacking citizen AI education, we risk alienating those for who these services are meant to utilize and improve access for.

The influence of cultural values on the manifestations of the features of professional motivation of teachers of higher educational institutions

This article is devoted to the study of the influence of cultural values on the manifestations of the features of professional motivation of teachers of higher educational institutions. Based on the assumption that the peculiarities of professional motivation of teachers of higher edu- cational institutions – citizens of Russia, Kazakhstan and expats invited to high-ranking higher educa- tional institutions, are determined by their cultural characteristics, an applied study was conducted. To conduct the study, the methodology “International Questionnaire VSM – 13” (Module for the Study of Values), created by the American psychologist G. Hoftstede, was used. The study led to the conclusion that Kazakhstani teachers have higher indicators for such cultural values – collectivism, distance of power and avoidance of uncertainty. They are characterized by the predominance of group goals over individual ones; they are more interested in tightly connected and united groups. Russian teachers have higher indicators for the following cultural values – individualism, distance of power. For them, the importance of individual goals is no less than group goals, Russian teachers tend to unite in certain groups that are responsible for the person in exchange for his loyalty to the group. Expats are characterized by a long-term orientation toward the future, which is reflected in the sys- tematic long-term investments in some projects that will end in the lifetime of the next generations. At the same time, expat teachers are more prudent, persistent in achieving goals. Key words: cultural values, professional motivation, teachers of higher educational institutions, ex- pats, individualism, collectivism.

An Extended Systems Approach to Change in Labor Relations during the Emergence of a New Economy

The emergence of a new pattern labor relations in a time of globalization and digitalization of an economy is a difficult and uncertain phenomenon, and therefore many researchers have expressed serious concern about the fate of labor and labor relations. This article explores how the forming of a network economy influences labor relations. It identifies the organizational foundations and principles of labor relations in the emerging new economy in Russia. It reviews the influence of cultural values on how networked labor relations are formed. The paper uses a multidisciplinary approach to the study of labor relations based on systems theories. The article promotes a new technique for understanding labor relations in an organization based on an extended systems approach, which provides an opportunity to assess the organizational principles of the system of labor relations, to build it in such a way that its different parts interact, respond to changes and send feedback signals, affecting the operation of the system. The paper discusses ways to solve problems in the field of social and labor relations on both organizational and theoretical levels.

Participative decision-making amongst employees in a cross-cultural employment setting: evidence from 31 European countries

PurposeThere is a growing consensus among human resources researchers and professionals that a participative environment can enhance job satisfaction, commitment, employee motivation and productivity. Moreover, globalization has caused that organizations operate in a huge number of culturally diverse countries. Studies suggest that understanding national culture as a prerequisite to implementing management initiatives such as employee participation in decision-making (PDM) acquires special interest. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to investigate the influence of cultural values on PDM in European organisations. The fulfilment of this purpose entails the following specific objectives: to measure the level of PDM in each European country; to examine the relationship between the six cultural dimensions proposed by Hofstede in 2010 (power distance, uncertainty avoidance, individualism/collectivism, masculinity/feminity, long term/short term and indulgence) and the PDM level of the organisations studied; and to define the national cultural profile of organisations that promote PDM the most and those that do the least.Design/methodology/approachOne factor analysis were applied to test the proposed hypotheses on a sample of almost 25,000 workers in 31 European countries (from the 6th European Working Conditions Survey) to identify direct employee PDM corresponding to each organisation included in the sample. Multiple linear regression was performed to test the hypotheses about the relationship between PDM and Hofstede culture values. Previously, a correlation analysis was performed between the independent variables of the regression model to examine the possibility of bias in coefficient significance tests because of multicollinearity. Finally, it presented a ranking of the analysed countries according to their PDM, including the value of their cultural dimensions. This information could be used to define the cultural profile of European participative countries.FindingsThe findings advance our understanding of how culture influencing on employee PDM in European organisations. Indulgence and masculinity are the most influent cultural dimensions. Moreover, results provide the cultural profile of those European countries that promote PDM the most and the least.Research limitations/implicationsThe research is based only on the perceptions of workers about their PDM but does not consider the managers’ opinion. Moreover, the document analyses the national culture as a single value shared by all the inhabitants of a country without considering the subcultures existing in it. Furthermore, future research should be conducted to analyse the influence of other conditions (such as activity sector, company size and owner public or private) on PDM–culture relationship.Practical implicationsThis study can be aid to managers in understanding the cultural profile of the country where their companies operate and the cultural differences between their employees. In this manner, they could implement the appropriate practices to promote the direct participation of employees in decision-making.Originality/valueTo broaden the knowledge, this is the first study investigating PDM across six cultural dimensions. The globalized and international business environment generates new challenges to multinational organizations that could pursue to increase direct PDM to get its benefits (a higher efficiency, performance, motivation, commitment and loyalty by the employee) in culturally diverse societies. The cultural values of the countries where organizations are located affect direct employee PDM. In particular, in this study, this occurs primarily with the variables masculinity, long-term orientation and indulgence. Moreover, this is a finding of high relevance because there is no empirical evidence in the effect of indulgence and long-term orientation on PDM because they were added later to Hofstede’s values.

The Influence of Cultural Values on International Business Management and Related Activities

<p>Cultural values have a wide influence on international business management and its related activities. In people's daily living environment, due to the different culture and education people receive, the growing environment is different, so it can be divided into different groups, resulting in the relationship between each different cultural groups more and more estranged. If there is no correct sense of management, it is difficult to have close communication, and even there will be barriers in communication. This article mainly analyzes the cross-cultural issues, expounds the cultural factors in international business management, enumerates the cultural differences in international business management, and makes an in-depth analysis of the role of cultural values in international business management and related activities. The purpose is to strengthen the management awareness of relevant managers in cross-cultural management.</p>