Infiltration Ability Research Articles

Assessing the Appearance and Fluorescence of Resin-Infiltrated White Spot Lesions With Caries Detection Devices.

This in vitro study examined the effectiveness of caries detector devices in assessing the ability of resin infiltration (RI) (Icon, DMG-Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany) to improve the optical properties of enamel white spot lesions (WSLs). Ten caries-free third molars were used. Photographs, a subjective visual assessment of the photographs, fluorescent camera (FC) images using the Spectra (Air Techniques, Melville, NY, USA), and laser fluorescent (LF) readings using the DIAGNOdent (KaVo, Biberach, Germany) were obtained from each tooth's buccal surface. Specimens were coated with nail polish leaving a rectangular window on the buccal surface and placed in pH 4.5 lactic acid gel for two weeks to create a WSL. The WSLs were analyzed by the same methods. RI was applied to half of each WSL; final photographs were then taken, and caries detector assessments were conducted. FC images were converted to grayscale, and the fluorescent image's brightness intensity was measured using ImageJ. Data were analyzed with analysis of variance and Tukey-Kramer honestly significant difference test. Significance was set at α=0.05. Subjective assessment of the photographs showed that RI improved the appearance of the WSLs so that they resembled intact enamel. Mean FC-brightness intensities for intact, demineralized, and demineralized RI-treated areas were 159.6 ± 9.2, 123.4 ± 7.2, and 160.9 ± 11.5, respectively. There were no significant differences in fluorescent intensity between the intact and RI areas ( p=0.58). The demineralized areas had significantly lower fluorescent intensity than both the RI-treated and intact areas ( p<0.001). LF values did not differ significantly between intact, demineralized, or RI-treated areas. This study demonstrates the ability of RI to restore artificial WSLs to the esthetics and fluorescence of intact enamel. The FC can be used to assess the optical properties of WSLs and the impact of RI on these properties.

Improvement of Rainwater Infiltration Property and Its Effect on the Corresponding Storage Capacity of Soil in Urban Green Space

Urban green space whose soil permeability is the main factor affecting hydrological cycle plays a very important role in promoting rainwater infiltration, replenishing groundwater and reducing peak flow. In order to enhance the storage and infiltration ability of soil, different types and contents of conditioner are added to study the laws of the changes in permeability of various soils. The results showed that straw and sawdust can effectively increase the permeability coefficient of soil. According to the comparison under the same conditions, the improvement effects of straw is slightly better than sawdust, but no order of magnitude difference. The sandy soil reformed by 3.6% Straw or 4.2% Sawdust and the loam reformed by 29.5% Straw or 30.2% Sawdust can meet infiltration requires of rainwater whose rainstorm recurrence period is 10 years. The clay is not suitable for urban green space soils with higher rainwater storage and infiltration requirements. The reformed green space can effectively reduce the runoff peak flow and delay the generated time of the runoff. The higher the content of the modifier, the more obvious the advantage of promoting the hydrological cycle and reducing the runoff.

Nanoparticles drug-delivery systems and antiangiogenic approaches in the treatment of gliomas

The prognosis of patients with cerebral gliomas remains noticeably poor. Total surgical resection is almost unachievable due to considerable infiltrative ability of glial cells. Furthermore, adjuvant treatments are burdened by considerable limitations. Angiogenesis is the mechanism by which new blood vessels are formed from preexisting ones, thus supporting neoplasm progression. Gliomas are characterized by extensive microvascular proliferation. The extent of neovascularization in brain tumor correlates directly with the biological aggressiveness, degree of malignancy, and clinical recurrence of the tumor. Although a plethora of molecules can act as inducers of angiogenesis, the major growth factors include members of the vascular endothelium growth factor family. The new therapeutic approaches envisage the identification of specific biomarkers involved in this process and try to inhibit them, thus slowing down the neoplastic progression. Nanoparticles (NPs) show the ability to pass the blood–brain barrier, and moreover, when suitably modified, they can bind to specific overexpressed receptors in the glial cells. As carriers, they are able to protect the therapeutic agent and allow their sustained release. In this review, we describe some NP delivery systems which target specific biomarkers to intervene in the process of angiogenesis.

Effects of siRNAs targeting CD97 immune epitopes on biological behavior in breast cancer cell line MDA-MB231

To investigate the effects of siRNAs targeting CD97 immune epitopes on proliferation, infiltration, apoptosis and cell cycle of breast cancer cells. siRNA sequences targeting CD97EGF and CD97Stalk immune epitopes were designed according to Gene Bank NM_001025160.2 with smart siCatchTM siRNA design software. CD97siRNAs were transfected into MDA-MB231 cells in which CD97 was highly expressed. Highest sensitive CD97EGF and CD97Stalk siRNA were screened by Western blotting. Inverted microscope was used to observe the growth of CD97siRNAs-transfected MDA-MB231 cells; the proliferation activity of MDA-MB231 cells was detected by MTT method; the wound healing assay and Transwell migration test were performed to examine the migration and infiltration ability of CD97EGF and CD97Stalk siRNA-transfected MDA-MB231 cells; the effects of CD97EGF siRNA and CD97Stalk siRNA on cell apoptosis and cell cycle of MDA-MB231 cells were detected by TUNEL and flow cytometry. The growth and proliferation activity of CD97siRNAs-transfected MDA-MB231 cells were significantly lower than those in the control groups, and such differences were more significant in CD97Stalk siRNA-transfected group (all P<0.05); scratch test showed that the wound healing rate was lower in CD97siRNAs-transfected groups, especially in CD97Stalk siRNA-transfected group (all P<0.05); Transwell migration showed that the number of MDA-MB231 cells crossing through chambers were less in CD97siRNAs-transfected groups, especially in CD97Stalk siRNA-transfected group (all P<0.05); no significant difference in cell apoptosis was observed between CD97siRNAs-transfected groups and control groups; cell cycle detection showed that CD97siRNAs-transfected groups had less cells in G0/G1 phase and more cells in S phase compared with the control groups, and such effect on cell cycle was more marked in CD97Stalk siRNA-transfected group (all P<0.05). CD97 plays an important role in the cell growth, proliferation, migration and invasion of breast cancer MDA-MB231 cells, and compared with CD97EGF, CD97Stalk may have more effective inhibitory effects on cellular malignant behaviors.

Evaluation of Field Applicability of Cast-in-Place Piles Using Surfactant Grout

In case of underground construction affected by groundwater, CIP (Cast-In-Place Pile) method is generally used to solve the geo-hydraulic problem. However, as this method has poor connectivity between piles, an auxiliary method for cut-off is required in many cases. In this study, a newly-developed cut-off wall (H-CIP) with no auxiliary method, by using surfactant grout (Hi-FA), which improves anti-washout and infiltration ability, is introduced, and the field applicability of H-CIP method is evaluated. CIP and H-CIP piles were installed with same ground conditions, and field and laboratory tests were conducted to verify the performance, respectively. As results, newly-contrived H-CIP method shows higher field performance for cut-off and strength than conventional CIP method.

The efficacy of periarticular drug infiltration for postoperative pain after total hip arthroplasty: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background:The ability of intraoperative periarticular drug infiltration (PDI) to control pain after total hip arthroplasty (THA) has been studied for many times, but it still remains controversial. Therefore, we undertook a meta-analysis to evaluate the efficacy and safety of PDI on postoperative pain after THA.Methods:Databases, including Pubmed, Medline, Embase, Web of Science, and Cochrane library, were searched to identify randomized controlled trials concerning PDI for pain management in patients undergoing THA. The primary outcomes included pain score with rest or activity and opioid consumption. Secondary outcomes were length of hospital stay and complications (nausea or vomiting).Results:A total of 666 THA patients from 8 randomized controlled trials were subjected to meta-analysis. The results showed that the PDI group had better pain relief, less opioid consumption, and less length of hospital, when compared with the placebo group (P < 0.05). No significant differences were observed in regard to visual analog score with activity and complications between the 2 groups.Conclusion:PDI may be recommended for the pain management after THA. However, due to the variations in the included studies, additional studies are still needed to validate these conclusions.

Physiological Effects of Ac4ManNAz and Optimization of Metabolic Labeling for Cell Tracking.

Metabolic labeling techniques are powerful tools for cell labeling, tracking and proteomic analysis. However, at present, the effects of the metabolic labeling agents on cell metabolism and physiology are not known. To address this question, in this study, we analyzed the effects of cells treated with Ac4ManNAz through microarray analysis and analyses of membrane channel activity, individual bio-physiological properties, and glycolytic flux. According to the results, treatment with 50 μM Ac4ManNAz led to the reduction of major cellular functions, including energy generation capacity, cellular infiltration ability and channel activity. Interestingly, 10 μM Ac4ManNAz showed the least effect on cellular systems and had a sufficient labeling efficiency for cell labeling, tracking and proteomic analysis. Based on our results, we suggest 10 μM as the optimum concentration of Ac4ManNAz for in vivo cell labeling and tracking. Additionally, we expect that our approach could be used for cell-based therapy for monitoring the efficacy of molecule delivery and the fate of recipient cells.

Bonding effectiveness of different dentin conditions on etch-and-rinse mode of two universal adhesives: the confocal laser scanning and shear bond strength

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the shear bond strength and the morphological differences of adhesive/dentin interface of two one-step universal adhesives to dentin using different dentin-conditioning methods with etch-and-rinse mode. Ninety-six dentin specimens were randomly divided into two groups based on application of two adhesives and assigned to three subgroups according to different dentin conditioning (wet-bonding; air-dried; rewetting). After etching and rinsing, experimental dentin conditioning was conducted on the etched dentin specimens. All specimens were subjected to shear bond strength testing using a universal testing machine, and all data were statistically analyzed using two- way analysis of variance with Tukey’s post hoc test. All debonded specimens were examined for fracture pattern by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Adjunctively, one specimen per group was prepared by the same processing and longitudinally sectioned. Then, the infiltration ability of adhesives into dentin was examined by observing the interface using confocal laser-scanning microscopy (CLSM). Wet and Rewet groups exhibited significantly higher shear bond strength than dry groups on the etch-and-rinse system, regardless of different adhesives. The bond strength between wet and rewet groups showed no significant difference in Tukey’s test. Analysis of failure surface using SEM showed that predominant failure patterns were mixed in both the wet-bonding group and dry-bonding group. CLSM presented that resin penetration into etched dentin was enhanced similarly in wet and rewet group. Application of rewetting agents on dried dentin increased the bonding performance of universal adhesives on etch-and-rinse mode.

Effect of climate changes on the soil freezing depth in the Volga River basin

It is established that the climate warming leads to decrease in depth of soil freezing in the whole area basin of the River Volga. This effect is observed since 1978. Depths of soil freezing averaged over the whole basin decreased relative to values measured during the period of stable climate conditions by 34 cm, i.e. from 92 up to 58 cm, or by 37%. In the Northern part of the basin, the depths have decreased by 49%, in the Western, Eastern, and Southern areas – 39, 24 and 38%, respectively. The spatial variability of the depths is estimated by the example of the river Vyatka, the large tributary of the Volga with area of 124 000 km2 and the site «Log Usadjevsky» with area of 2.0 km2 (a part of experimental polygon of the Valdai waterbalance station). It is shown that the coefficient of variation of the freezing depth decreases when the depth increases. When the depth becomes smaller 60 cm plots of thawed soil appear that significantly increases the infiltration ability of the basin. The technique of estimating the soil freezing depth under change of climate characteristics is proposed.

The base material: A key factor in sinter-brazing

Brazing can be considered as an attractive method for joining sintered steel components since it can be integrated into the sintering process. The behavior and quality of the joint rely on the braze filler design. Among others, the interaction between the base material and the filler depends on the brazing temperature, wettability, infiltration ability, holding time, and sintering atmosphere. The use of this joining technique in components based on FeCuC is very common, and in this case the presence of a second liquid phase during sintering can limit the response of braze fillers. In this study, with the aim of analyzing the effect of the base steel composition, a NiCu-based brazing will be used together with different Fe-base substrates for sinter-brazing tests: iron is considered as the reference, FeC to assess the carbon addition effect, and finally FeCCu substrate tries to explain the interaction between the two liquid phases (the molten brazing alloy and the Cu transient liquid phase). Characterization of the final joint is supported with SEM and LOM microscopy, and EDS is used for determining the distribution of the alloying elements. Moreover, liquid phase features such as infiltration capacity and diffusion are evaluated by using image analysis. On the other hand, the study is completed with wetting evaluation of the brazing alloy.

계면활성제계 그라우트를 활용한 흙막이 벽체공법(CIP)의 현장 적용성 평가

지하수위의 영향을 받는 지반에 대하여 터파기를 실시할 경우 차수문제를 해결하기 위한 방법으로 현장타설말뚝 공법인 CIP (Cast-In-Place Pile) 공법이 보편적으로 사용되고 있다. 그러나 CIP 공법은 말뚝간 연결성이 좋지 않아 많은 경우 차수에 대한 별도의 처리를 필요로 한다. 본 연구에서는 수중불분리성과 침투성을 향상시켜주는 계면활성제(Hi-FA)를 활용한 그라우트를 사용하여 기존 CIP 공법 대비 보조차수 공법의 필요성을 최소화한 새로운 개념의 흙막이 공법(H-CIP)을 제시하고, 이 공법의 현장 적용성에 대하여 검토하였다. 현장 검증실험을 위하여 동일한 지반조건에 대하여 H-CIP 공법과 기존 CIP 공법으로 각각 차수벽을 시공하고, 성능검증을 위한 현장시험 및 실내시험을 수행하였다. 현장 실험결과 새로 제안된 H-CIP 공법은 기존 CIP 공법에 비하여 현장 차수능과 강도가 우수한 것으로 나타났다. In case of underground construction affected by groundwater, CIP (Cast-In-Place Pile) method is generally used to resolve the geo-hydraulic problem. However, as this method has poor connectivity between piles, an auxiliary method for cut-off is needed in many cases. In this study, a new concept earth retaining wall method (H-CIP) with no auxiliary method, by using surfactant grout (Hi-FA) which improves antiwashout and infiltration ability, is introduced, and its field applicability is evaluated. CIP and H-CIP piles were installed with same ground conditions, and field and laboratory tests were conducted to verify the performance. As results, newly contrived H-CIP method shows higher field performance for cut-off and strength than conventional CIP method.

BMET-29ADDRESSING THE MOLECULAR MECHANISMS OF GBM CELL DISPERSAL

Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is the most common and aggressive type of glioma with a mean survival of 1 year after diagnosis. A major obstacle in treating GBMs is extensive tumor cell infiltration into the surrounding brain. Despite tumor resection and combined therapy, recurrence occurs in the vicinity of the resection margin due to individual cells that dispersed out of the primary tumor. As this extreme dispersal ability of the tumor cells is a major cause for therapeutic failure, developing novel therapies that target tumor cell dispersal is of high priority. Therefore, there is an urgent need for understanding the molecular mechanisms that contribute to GBM cell motility. The overarching goal of this project is to identify genes that are differentially regulated during GBM cell dispersal and to validate their function in in vitro models of dispersal. While the basic mechanisms of cell migration operate in the context of GBM dispersal, the unique tumor-specific mechanisms that facilitate this extreme infiltrative ability of tumor cells are not well-defined. Therefore, profiling the changes in gene expression levels during cell movement might lead to the discovery of novel molecular players of GBM cell dispersal and provide new targets for GBM therapies. This project is based on a new in vitro model of cell motility developed in our laboratory, whereby the dynamics of GBM cell dispersal can be monitored in real-time and quantitated. Accordingly, motile/migratory/dispersive cells can be isolated from non-motile/core cells by a specific isolation method. Therefore, the genes that are differentially regulated in during different phases of cell movement can be profiled. Together, these studies have the potential to discover new players of GBM dispersal and open up new avenues for designing of new therapeutic strategies.

Abstract B39: Exome sequencing in primary melanoma identifies novel drivers of melanoma progression

Abstract Melanoma is the most malignant and lethal among skin cancers, due to its high infiltration and invasion ability and resistance to therapy. Whereas early stages melanoma can be cured in the majority of cases by surgical excision, metastatic melanoma is a highly lethal condition. The most frequent known oncogenic mutation in melanoma is BRAF-V600E and several full exome sequencing studies have revealed numerous other alterations (Wei et al, 2011; Nikolaev et al, 2011; Stark et al, 2011; Krauthammer et al, 2012). A crucial issue in understanding melanoma progression is to identify which mutations are specifically involved in making an individual melanoma competent for metastatic spread. It is well established that this behavior is highly correlated with histological features, such as the thickness of the primary tumor and the mitotic index. Here we performed full exome sequencing of 5 thin (&amp;lt;1mm in thickness) and 5 thick (&amp;gt;4mm in thickness) primary melanomas compared to matched-normal DNA. We confirmed recurrent somatic mutations in known melanoma-related genes, including BRAF, c-KIT, EGFR, PPP6C, MLL3 and several components of the glutamate signaling. In addition, we discovered mutations in genes not previously linked to this tumor, such as CSMD1, FGFR4 and components of the Hedgehog (HH) signaling pathway. In particular, in a thick melanoma we found an novel activating mutation in the transcription factor GLI1, one of the final effectors of the HH signaling. Notably, in the only 3 thick melanomas that produced metastasis, we identified candidate metastasis-driving mutations in six genes (ADAMTS6, ADAMTS7, CHD9, MLL3, NALCN and TSC2). Interestingly, we identified several regions of focal somatic copy-number alterations (SCNAs) that were altered at significantly higher frequency in thick compared to thin melanomas. Several gene families are comprised among these regions of focal SCNAs, including components of Notch, HH and Wnt/ß-catenin signaling pathways, BRAF, c-MYC and its cofactor PIM1, several ADAMs, EGFR and the HOX genes. Our preliminary results identify potential drivers of melanoma progression, enhancing our understanding of the genomic complexity underlying melanoma. Citation Format: Valentina Montagnani, Matteo Benelli, Alessandro Apollo, Gianni Gerlini, Lorenzo Borgognoni, Barbara Stecca. Exome sequencing in primary melanoma identifies novel drivers of melanoma progression. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Special Conference on Advances in Melanoma: From Biology to Therapy; Sep 20-23, 2014; Philadelphia, PA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2015;75(14 Suppl):Abstract nr B39.

Effect of nanofiber content on bone regeneration of silk fibroin/poly(ε-caprolactone) nano/microfibrous composite scaffolds.

The broad application of electrospun nanofibrous scaffolds in tissue engineering is limited by their small pore size, which has a negative influence on cell migration. This disadvantage could be significantly improved through the combination of nano- and microfibrous structure. To accomplish this, different nano/microfibrous scaffolds were produced by hybrid electrospinning, combining solution electrospinning with melt electrospinning, while varying the content of the nanofiber. The morphology of the silk fibroin (SF)/poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL) nano/microfibrous composite scaffolds was investigated with field-emission scanning electron microscopy, while the mechanical and pore properties were assessed by measurement of tensile strength and mercury porosimetry. To assay cell proliferation, cell viability, and infiltration ability, human mesenchymal stem cells were seeded on the SF/PCL nano/microfibrous composite scaffolds. From in vivo tests, it was found that the bone-regenerating ability of SF/PCL nano/microfibrous composite scaffolds was closely associated with the nanofiber content in the composite scaffolds. In conclusion, this approach of controlling the nanofiber content in SF/PCL nano/microfibrous composite scaffolds could be useful in the design of novel scaffolds for tissue engineering.

MiR-429 regulates inflammatory infiltration, proliferative ability and differentiation of hepatocellular carcinoma

Objective To observe the effects of miR-429 on inflammatory infiltration,differentiation and proliferation of hepatocelluar carcinoma(HCC).Methods HCCLM3 cells were sorted into positive and-negative cells using magnetic activated cell sorting(MACS) according to Ep CAM marker.The Ep CAM-positive and negative cells were transfected with AntagomiR-429 and miR-429 mimic to construct over-expressed and down-regulated cells of miR-429,respectively.To validate the effect of transfection,control cells and constructed cells were tested by flow cytometry(FC) and real-time polymerase chain reaction(PCR).The proliferative curves of transfected cells were plotted using cell counting kit-8(CCK8) assay.Furthermore,tumor-bearing mice model was established by subcutaneous inoculation with transfected cells and related control cells into non-obese diabetic,severe combined immunodeficient mice(NOD-SCID).Mice were sacrificed after 6 weeks,and protein expressions of Ki67,AFP and F4 /80 in tumors were determined via immunohistochemistry(IHC) to examine the status of proliferation,differentiation and inflammatory infiltration,respectively.Results The proportion of Ep CAM-positive cells was decreased by down-regulating miR-429,and Ep CAM-negative cells could partially transfer to Ep CAM-positive cells by miR-429 over-expression.In vivo study showed that over-expressing miR-429 in Ep CAM-negative cells cound enhance the tumor forming ability; whereas Ep CAM-positive cells had an inhibited tumor-formation when down-regulating miR-429.Interestingly,F4 /80,a marker of macrophage,was strongly stained in tumor tissue with miR-429 over-expression.It was also found that in tumor tissue,Ki67 and AFP staining was suppressed with miR-429 down-regulation.Meanwhile,compared to the control,miR-429 significantly accelerated the proliferation of HCCLM3 in vitro compared with the control(P 0.05).Conclusion miR-429 can regulate the proportion of Ep CAM-positive cells of HCC in vitro and in vivo,and greatly increase the inflammatory infiltration and proliferative ability,accompanied by decreased differentiation.

Up-regulation of TIMP-2 expression promotes SHI-1 leukemic cells proliferation and infiltration in immunodeficiency mice

Background MMPs and TIMPs play important roles in tumor angiogenesis and invasion. Studies have shown that TIMP-2 has two roles in tumor invasion. However, its role in leukemic infiltration has not been well investigated. This study explored the roles of TIMP-2 in extramedullary infiltration of acute monocytic leukemic SHI-1 cells both in vitro and in vitro. Methods A retroviral vector carrying the human TIMP-2 cDNA was constructed and transfected into the monocytic leukemic cell line SHI-1. The expression of TIMP-2 in the positive clones was determined. The proliferation of SHI-1 cells was examined by MTT assay. Trans-Matrigel invasion assays were used to investigate the infiltration ability in vitro. SHI-1 cells were intravenously injected into pre-treated nu/nu mice to investigate the infiltration ability feature in vitro. Results The expression of TIMP-2 on the cell membrane was significantly elevated in SHI-1/TIMP-2 cells. Overexpression of TIMP-2 promoted the cells proliferation and the invasions in vitro. The SHI-1/TIMP-2 cells demonstrated higher infiltration ability when intravenously injected into nu/nu mice. Conclusion Over-expression of TIMP-2, especially on the cell membrane, may play important roles in promoting the proliferation and infiltration of SHI-1 leukemic cells.

Palladin Plays an Important Role in Pulmonary Cellular Infiltration in Differentiation Syndrome

BackgroundAcute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) is characterized by a specific t(15;17) chromosomal translocation, which fuses the promyelocytic leukemia (PML) gene on chromosome 15 to the retinoic acid receptor-(RARα ) gene on chromosome 17. The introduction of all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA) into the treatment strategy of APL fundamentally changed the management and outcome of this disease. Treatment with ATRA relieves this blockage, resulting in terminal differentiation of the APL blasts.AimsTo investigate the molecular mechanisms of ATRA induced differentiation, we have described a series of novel genes up-regulated by ATRA. One of them, Rig-K (Retinoic-acid-induced gene-K), was the human homolog of palladin. This study is mainly focus on the function of palladin gene during the process of differentiation.Methods1. Lentivirus shRNA expression system was used to generate stable palladin konckdown NB4 cell lines. Cells morphological and the expression of differentiation markers were observed；2. Use flow cytometry and immunofluorescence to compare the difference of cell cycle, cell proliferation, apoptosis, cell migration and granulocyte related functions such as adhesion, phagocytosis between control and palladin knockdown group;3. Real-time PCR and chemokines antibody array were used to detect the effect of palladin reduction on the levels of chemokines secreted by NB4 cells；4. Use microgravity rotary cell culture system to study the infiltration capacity of differentiated NB4 cells to lung tissues. Observe whether palladin knockdown play a role in this processes.Results1. Palladin knockdown has minor effect on NB4 differentiation based on cell morphology and granulocytic differentiation-related antigens. Palladin knockdown can partly relieved the proliferation inhibition effect during differentiation. Cycle arrest can partly relieved by palladin knock down manifest as reduced G0/G1 arrest. Palladin knock down can also remarkable reduce apoptosis rate compared with control group at 96 hours time point;2. The phagocytosis level was about 50% dropped when the palladin was knocked down, suggest palladin play important roles in phagocytosis progress. Besides, we also observed the localization of palladin in the phagocytic cup, and palladin is colocalizated with F-actin in phagocytic cup. The migration level was also about 50% dropped when the palladin was knocked down in differentiated NB4 cells. Palladin colocalization with F-actin and vinculin, knockdown of palladin alter the distribution of F-actin and vinculin, suggest palladin take part in the formation of actin related structures;3. Differentiation induction of APL cells is associated with increased expression of specific adhesion molecules and inflammatory cytokines, palladin knockdown decrease the upregulation of many chemokines;4. Palladin knockdown also reduced infiltration ability of differentiated NB4 cells into lung tissues.ConclusionPalladin knockdown significantly decreased the granulocyte related function of differentiated APL cells, especially cell motile ability and secretion of chemokines. In vitro model shows that palladin knockdown can inhibit the invasion ability of differentiated APL cells into lung tissues, suggest palladin may play important roles in retinoic acid syndrome. DisclosuresNo relevant conflicts of interest to declare.

Preparation and arc erosion resistance of Cf/Cu composite by vacuum melting infiltration

Cf/Cu composite was prepared by vacuum melting infiltration. Ti and Cr were doped to the Cu alloy to improve the wettability between Cu and carbon. The microstructure was investigated by XRD, SEM and EDS. The arc erosion rate of Cf/Cu composite was investigated in vacuum. The results showed that the Ti and Cr could improve the wettability between Cu and C/C preform and the infiltration ability of Cu into C/C preform greatly. A TiC interface formed between the fibers and matrix. The good bonding between the fiber and matrix guaranteed that part of the Cu matrix can still be bonded on the fibers even when the material was exposed to the plasma. Consequently, the carbon fibers were protected from the erosion. In comparison, Cu was completely consumed by the arc erosion. Hence, the graphite was eroded and presented a cauliflower-like morphology. Therefore, the prepared Cf/Cu had better ability to resist the arc erosion, compared with common Cu-C material.

Effects of DCC gene on biological behaviors of colorectal carcinoma cell line SW1116

Objective To investigate the effects of exogenous wild DCC gene stably transfection on growth of colorectal carcinoma cell line SW1116 in vitro. Methods DCC gene domain was amplified from human normal colon tissue by reverse transcript-polymerase chain reaction（RT-PCR）. At first,a recombinant expression plasmid pcDNA3. 1（ ＋ ）-DCC was constructed. Human colorectal carcinoma cell line SW1116 with-out DCC gene was transfected with pcDNA3. 1-DCC. Cell viability was tested by methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium （MTT）assay. Immunofluorescence staining was used to determine the effects of pcDNA3. 1-DCC and expres-sion of carcino-embryonic antigen（CEA）in human colorectal carcinoma cell line SW1116 which was transfected with pcDNA3. 1-DCC. Results The population of cells transfected with pcDNA3. 1（ ＋ ）-DCC plasmid was lower than those with pcDNA3. 1（ ＋ ）-DCC plasmid and normal cells（t = 3. 645,P ﹤ 0. 05;t = 3. 132,P ﹤0. 05）at 3 - 6 days after transfection,and the proliferation rate of cells transfected with pcDNA3. 1（ ＋ ）-DCC plasmid was lower than those with pcDNA3. 1（ ＋ ）plasmid and normal cells（t = 2. 134,P ﹤ 0. 05;t = 2. 736, P ﹤ 0. 05）. Cell line SW1116 transfected with pcDNA3. 1（ ＋ ）-DCC plasmid total viability was lower than normal cells（t = 3. 053 ,P ﹤ 0. 05）at 2 - 6 days after transfection. Cell line SW1116 transfected with pcDNA3. 1 （ ＋ ）-DCC plasmid total viability was lower than those with pcDNA3. 1（ ＋ ）plasmid（t = 2. 816,P ﹤ 0. 05）at 2,4,5,6 days after transfection. The population of flavo-green colour cells transfected with pcDNA3. 1（ ＋ ）-DCC plasmid and the fluorescent intensity of these cells were lower than those with pcDNA3. 1（ ＋ ）plasmid and normal control cells. Conclusion Transfected DCC gene can suppress the cell proliferation and make CEA expression of cell line SW1116 down regulation to weaken its infiltration and metastasis abilities. Key words: Colorectal neoplasms; Transfection; DCC gene

RYCHLOST VSAKU VODY DO PŮDY NA VYBRANÉ LOKALITĚ V ŽABČICÍCH V PRŮBĚHU VEGETAČNÍ SEZONY 2008

Purpose of currently running research, which is part of research program Biological and technological aspects of sustainability of controlled ecosystems and their adaptability to climate change at Faculty of Agronomy, is mapping of progress in water infiltration on selected areas at Žabčice locality and to specify possibilities of a water accumulation and retention influence in a landscape.During of the first year of measurement (2008), from April to November, has proceeded field measurement of soil infiltration ability at Žabčice locality. To get statistically conclusive results, measurement runs in three repetitions and data are subsequently averaged. Three sets of homocentric metal cylinders were used for the measurement. Measurement of infiltration has been preceded by an overflow. Empirical equations according to Kosťjak were used for evaluation of field measurement.At the same time there were ensured intact soil samples for laboratory determination of soil physical properties using Kopecky cylinders at depths of 10, 20 and 30 cm, and for the calculation of selected hydro-physical parameters of soil.­ reduced volume weight, actual monture, porosity, aeration and other.Graphical presentation presents process of speed infiltration and cumulative infiltration on selected area Niva IV. A. Non-homogeneity of measured values could be induced by several different factors.