Industries In Various Countries Research Articles

THE IMPACT OF IT EXPORTS ON ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT: A COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF UKRAINE AND EUROPEAN COUNTRIES

Information technologies have become an integral part of the modern economic environment and social life in Ukraine and the EU. The development of the IT industry in various countries demonstrates significant potential to stimulate economic growth. The article is aimed at assessing the impact of IT exports on the macroeconomic indicators of Ukraine, Poland, Estonia and Germany in order to formulate recommendations for the development of the IT industry in Ukraine. The study examines the impact of the export of IT services on GDP, GDP per capita, foreign direct investment and unemployment rate on the example of these countries by calculating the Fechner correlation coefficient.Based on the analysis of data from 2012-2022, it has been discovered that IT exports have a considerable positive impact on GDP and GDP per capita. In EU countries, the export of IT services also positively influences FDI attraction and the employment level. Despite the growth in the export of IT services, Ukraine shows adverse tendencies in the FDI volumes and increasing unemployment. In Ukraine, there is an inverse weak relationship between the amount of FDI and the IT service exports (Fechner correlation coefficient -0.2727) and a direct moderate relationship with the unemployment rate (Fechner correlation coefficient 0.4545). Considering the complexity of the challenges to the functioning of the economy during the war, the IT sector alone is unable to negate the impact of all threats to the economy of Ukraine.However, the share of IT exports in the total volume of service exports in Ukraine amounted to more than 45% in 2022. That is, on the one hand, the IT sector is developing despite the war (somewhat slower in 2022 compared to previous years); while on the other hand, a strong imbalance remains in Ukraine regarding the predominant increase in the export of IT sector services. According to the results of a comparative analysis with EU countries, we can say that the export of IT services can become a driver of investment attractiveness and decrease unemployment in Ukraine in the future.

Isolation of linalool compounds of nampu rhizome essential oil (Homalomena occulta) by vacuum fractionation distillation method

The perfume industry in various countries is increasingly expanding and the appeal of perfume comes from its distinctive scent. One of Indonesia's potential needs in the organic perfume industry is essential oils. Nampu rhizome (Homalomena occulta) has great potential and is widely spread on the island of Java. This is because the Nampu rhizome has the main chemical component in the form of linalool compounds, which are essential oil components with high economic value, so it needs to improve quality by increasing its purity. A technology that was developed to improve the purity of essential oils was vacuum fractionation distillation. The purpose of the study was to analyze the effect of temperature on the quality of distillation in the fractionation results of Nampu rhizome essential oil (linalool compound). The experiment used a material temperature factor between 135-160°C and > 160°C.The analysis of fractionation results was carried out on physical properties including refractive index, specific gravity, optical rotation, colour, and linalool compound with GC-FID and yield. The results showed a refractive index value of 1.4620 nD, specific gravity of 0.8647, optical rotation of -19.80, clear oil colour and yield of 69.80%. Chemical analysis with GC-FID improves the purity level of the final product against the linalool fraction increased by 10.02% or linalool purity by 90.92%.

A Nanobody of PEDV S1 Protein: Screening and Expression in Escherichia coli.

Porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV) has caused significant economic losses to the pig farming industry in various countries for a long time. Currently, there are no highly effective preventive or control measures available. Research into the pathogenic mechanism of PEDV has shown that it primarily causes infection by binding the S protein to the CD13 (APN) receptor on the membrane of porcine intestinal epithelial cells. The S1 region contains three neutralization epitopes and multiple receptor-binding domains, which are closely related to viral antigenicity and ad-sorption invasion. Nanobodies are a type of single-domain antibody that have been discovered in recent years. They can be expressed on a large scale through prokaryotic expression systems, which makes them cost-effective, stable, and less immunogenic. This study used a phage display library of nanobodies against the PEDV S1 protein. After three rounds of selection and enrichment, the DNA sequence of the highly specific nanobody S1Nb1 was successfully obtained. To obtain soluble nanobody S1Nb1, its DNA sequence was inserted into the vector Pcold and a solubility-enhancing SUMO tag was added. The resulting recombinant vector, Pcold-SUMO-S1Nb1, was then transformed into E. coli BL21(DE3) to determine the optimal expression conditions for the nanobody. Following purification using Ni-column affinity chromatography, Western blot analysis confirmed the successful purification of S1Nb1 carrying the solubility-enhancing tag. ELISA results demonstrated a strong affinity between the S1Nb1 nanobody and PEDV S1 protein.

Pertumbuhan tiram mutiara (Pinctada maxima) menggunakan metode karambah apung dan longline

Pearl oyster cultivation is a growing industry in various countries. The growth and quality of pearls produced by oysters is greatly influenced by the cultivation method used. This research aims to compare the growth of pearl oysters (Pinctada maxima) cultivated using the floating cage and longline methods. Different cultivation methods can influence the growth of pearl oysters and the surrounding environmental conditions. Statistical analysis was conducted on sample size, mean values, standard deviation, and standard error of the mean for both cultivation methods. The results indicate no significant difference in the growth of pearl oysters between the floating cage and longline methods. However, biofouling and other disrupting organisms can affect the growth of pearl oysters in the floating cage method. The study also highlights the importance of environmental factors such as water quality, temperature, and food availability in influencing the growth of pearl oysters. Thus, this research provides valuable insights for the pearl oyster cultivation industry in selecting the optimal cultivation method to enhance productivity and the quality of the pearls produced.

Seroprevalence and associated risk factors for Neospora caninum infection in dairy cattle in South Africa

Bovine neosporosis is a widespread parasitic disease associated with significant economic losses. Its effects on the reproductive performance of cows have resulted in losses that run into the hundreds of millions of US dollars in dairy industries in various countries (Reichel et al., Int J Parasitol 43:133–142, 2013). Due to outdated and scant information on the occurrence of Neospora caninum infection in South Africa, the study aimed to determine the seroprevalence and risk factors associated with infection in dairy cattle in South Africa. A total of 1401 blood samples were randomly collected from cattle on 48 dairy farms in seven of the nine provinces in South Africa. A close-ended questionnaire was used in a cross-sectional study to obtain farm-level and animal-level data. Serological testing was done using a commercial IDvet Screen® Neospora caninum Indirect ELISA. An overall seroprevalence, adjusted for test sensitivity and specificity, of 2.3% (95% CI, 1.3–4.1) was detected and 48% (23/48) of sampled farms had at least one animal testing positive. The highest seroprevalence of N. caninum was in the KwaZulu-Natal province with 7.5% (95% CI, 3.8–14.3), and the lowest in Western Cape with 0.1% (95% CI, 0–1.2). The highest within-farm seroprevalence of 25% was detected on a farm in the North West Province. In a multivariable logistic regression model, the odds of N. caninum seropositivity were higher in Holstein–Friesian cattle when compared to other breeds. Good hygiene was identified as a protective factor. Cattle left out on pasture had increased odds of testing positive for N. caninum compared to those that were penned. The odds of testing seropositive for N. caninum was higher on farms that practised segregation of cattle into different age groups. The purchase of replacement animals was a significant risk factor, as open herds had increased odds of N. caninum seropositivity. Cattle on farms that did not have a specific calving location were more likely to be seropositive. This is the first such study in South Africa and shows that N. caninum is widely distributed in the country at a low seroprevalence, but it may be a cause of concern on certain farms.

Sports Management Innovation Strategy: A Comparative Study of Successful Models in the Global Sports Industry

In the context of globalization, the sports industry is facing unprecedented opportunities and challenges. The development models of sports industries in various countries have their own characteristics, but there is also room for mutual learning and optimization. Based on the perspective of comparative research, this paper selects developed countries with sports industries such as the United States, the United Kingdom, Germany, and Japan as research objects, and deeply explores their successful experiences in sports management innovation. By using theoretical tools such as new institutional economics and endogenous growth theory, combined with quantitative research methods, this paper systematically analyzes the characteristics and differences of these countries in sports management system, policies and regulations, market operation, talent training, etc. The study found that the coordinated development model of government guidance, market dominance, and social participation is the key to promoting sports management innovation. At the same time, factors such as technological innovation, talent training, and brand building have an important impact on the sustainable development of the sports industry. This paper constructs a sports management innovation evaluation system with 5 dimensions and 20 indicators, which provides a theoretical basis and practical guide for optimizing sports management in different countries and regions.

Commentary on “Country-specific net-zero strategies of the pulp and paper industry”

The pulp and paper industry is one of the most energy-intensive industries. Achieving net-zero emissions in this industry is crucial for mitigating global warming and reducing environmental pollution. The article entitled “Country-specific net-zero strategies of the pulp and paper industry,” published in Nature, addressed this issue. Through an in-depth analysis of the historical emission data of the pulp and paper industry in 30 major countries, a series of country-specific net-zero strategies were proposed. This commentary reviewed the main content and views of that article, and the rigor and applicability of its methods are discussed. Then, the potential impacts of economic trade-offs, resource endowments, and technological advancements on the net-zero strategies of the pulp and paper industry in various countries are further considered.

Enhancing Patient Revisit Intention and Positive Word of Mouth: An Empirical Study of Medical Tourism

The growth of medical tourism industry in various countries has fostered global competition. Hospitals need to improve healthcare quality, brand image, and perceived value to gain patient satisfaction so that there is an increase in positive word-of-mouth and patient revisit intention. Therefore, it is necessary to study the behavior of patients visiting abroad to get health services and the desire to recommend the goodness of the hospital. This study aims to analyze the impact of hospital brand image, service quality, and perceived value to increase patient satisfaction. It also examines the impact of patient satisfaction on positive word-of-mouth and revisits intention. This study uses a quantitative method with a survey approach to 130 patients overseas for health services. Therefore, the convenience sampling method was applied in this study. Variance-based Structural Equation Modeling technique was used to answer the research hypotheses. The results have proven that to increase patient revisit intention in hospitals and positive WoM, the hospital must pay attention to service quality, hospital brand image, and perceived value need to be considered as they impact patient satisfaction. Meanwhile, patient satisfaction was identified as a factor that drives positive word-of-mouth and patient revisit intention.

To internalize or not? Addressing key differences between Turkish migrant and native workers in construction employment

PurposeMigration is on the rise due to globalization and human mobility. This has led to increased impacts that have affected many industries, including the construction industry. A large number of migrants are employed in the construction sector, and employers are challenged to make sure all employees are properly integrated to meet the demands needed for construction projects. This article addresses key differences between migrant and native workers to help hiring departments in the construction industry analyse workers' attitudes based on cultural and motivational factors to have the workforce they need to succeed.Design/methodology/approachThe research used both quantitative and qualitative surveys. A two-part questionnaire, designed through a comprehensive literature review, was carried out to identify key differences between native and migrant workers. The data were obtained and then analysed using different statistical approaches, including factor analysis protocol, factor structure model, reliability analysis, relative importance index and nonparametric test analysis. A semi-structured interview was then conducted to discuss all the findings.FindingsThe study indicated that migrant workers, compared to natives, tend to give more importance to their working environment, particularly accommodation, work safety and relations with teammates. Also, migrants typically take a socialistic approach instead of an individual approach while at work and reveal an extensive range of behaviours based on a sense of belonging. It might be more important for migrants to have a place in society, to have a settled life and to be integrated into an established order than to improve their rights and benefits. On the other hand, the study argued that native workers tend to prioritize their benefits at work, such as regular payments for overtime and insurance premiums. Their behaviours might carry a more neutral and individual attitude as well as specific cultural traces.Research limitations/implicationsThe study is limited to a sample of participants in the Turkish construction sector. Further research based on more cultural models and motivational factors with a larger group of respondents from different countries could offer better results. The results of the study might not apply to a broad context due to many other factors that affect worker behaviours, such as geography, cultural structures and working conditions. Despite these drawbacks, the present paper may help employers and other stakeholders understand the best way to incorporate migrants into the construction industry.Originality/valueThis research is very important for the construction industry in various countries that are currently employing thousands of migrants. Being able to address the key differences between migrants and native workers based on cultural and motivational factors might help with engagement and create a level of harmony in the field for greater productivity.

Analisis Pendapatan, Biaya Operasional dan Laba Bersih Terhadap Harga Saham

Abstract
 The tourism industry is one of the fastest growing industries in various countries globally, the tourism industry is an industry that is actively developing, innovating and having a major impact on the country's economy. The tourism sector is also a sector that can trigger economic growth, although often this sector is referred to as a complex sector due to changing tourism trends, this sector is able to move more than 700 million people around the world. However, due to the impact of Covid-19, especially on Tourism, Hospitality and Restaurant subsector companies listed on the IDX, they had to experience a decline in financial performance as evidenced by the decline in share prices of each company in the Tourism, Hospitality and Restaurant subsector. The purpose of this study is to determine the effect of income, operating costs and net profit on stock prices. The methodology used in this study is quantitative methods with a total of 60 samples derived from the financial statements of companies listed on the IDX. The findings in this study were that there was a significant positive effect of earnings on stock prices while operating expenses and net income had no significant effect on stock prices.
 Keywords: tourism industry; share price; Revenue; Operating Costs; Net Profit

Genetic analysis of African swine fever virus in Bali based on p72 and CD2v Genes

African Swine Fever (ASF) has caused negative effects in the swine industry in various countries of the world, including Indonesia. Bali is one of the most severely affected provinces in Indonesia. Phylogenetic study to determine the genotype and serogroup of the ASF virus found in Bali has never been done before. In this study, virus was obtained from an infected spleen sample, designated as Bali/2023, and two gene fragments, namely p72 (B646L) and CD2v (EP402R), were then amplified by PCR and sequenced by Sanger method. The DNA sequences of p72 and CD2v virus was then compared with sequences from other countries for genetic analysis. The results showed that Bali/2023 virus is genetically very close to viruses found in other Asian countries, mainly viruses isolated in China and Vietnam in 2019. These genetic analyses results placed Bali/2023 virus in genotype II and serogroup 8.

Analysis of Multinational Builders’ Corruption Based on Evolutionary Game from the Perspective of International Reputation

Transnational cooperation in international corporations has become an important force in promoting the economic development of countries, and corruption in cross-cultural business has an important impact on the sustainable development of international cooperation. Based on the construction field, this study applies evolutionary game theory to the microlevel to investigate the corrupt behavior of international corporations from reputation perspectives, taking into account their reputation and cooperation behaviors. The findings indicate that the sensitivity of each party involved in the corruption behavior differs concerning international reputation, and a heightened reputation of the supervisory company can effectively curb the corrupt behavior of subcontracting. Additionally, the behavior of the general contracting company shows a sense of inertia, while the three main parties—general contracting company, supervisory company, and subcontracting company—exhibit multistage decision-making characteristics as their international reputation gradually improves. Through the lens of multinational enterprise cooperation and the development of the construction industry, this study aims to address the constraints faced by the construction industry in various countries and identify potential solutions. Furthermore, it provides insights into key issues related to international engineering corruption governance.

The centennial sustainable assessment of regional construction industry under the multidisciplinary coupling model

Sustainability research in the construction industry is of great strategic significance to the ecological environment of countries worldwide. This paper innovates theoretical models such as “structural response sensitivity weight” through interdisciplinary research on advanced mathematics, engineering science, computer science, environmental management and economic sociology. The model solves the limitations of multi-factor, multi-discrete, multi-constraint and low coupling iteration accuracy. The article shows the robustness of the model through case studies. The research data shows that the construction industry in China will reach its highest life cycle assessment emission peak of 2.73 GT in 2030 and will have harmful emissions of -2.78 GT between 2061 and 2098. The social impact assessment will peak at 4.26 GT in 2048 and harmful emissions of −3.75 GT per year from 2061 to 2098. This research provides a comprehensive research theory system and reference standards for scientific calculation and accurate assessment of the sustainable development of the construction industry in various countries around the world.

Exploring the Economic Development Model of Culture and Tourism Integration--Taking Beijing Hutong Tour as an Example

The integrated development of cultural and tourism industry has become one of the important trends in the development of tertiary industry in various countries, which can effectively stimulate the vitality of related industries, give full play to resource advantages, and promote the high-quality economic development of the region. This paper analyzes the economic development mode of cultural and tourism industry integration, and analyzes its influencing factors and effects in detail. There are four main factors affecting the development of the integration model of culture and tourism: resource elements, technological innovation, consumer demand and government regulation. And its effects include positive and negative effects, which can be analyzed from three aspects: economy, society and environment. At the same time, this paper analyzes the cultural and tourism integration of Shichahai Hutong in Beijing, China, and puts forward corresponding measures and suggestions according to its integration status, effects and problems, so as to promote the efficient development of cultural and tourism integration of Shichahai Hutong.

A Study on the Factors Influencing the Penetration of the New Energy Vehicle Market in the New Stage of Demand Driven Development: Analysis Based on Consumer Surveys

With the increasingly serious issues of global warming and energy scarcity, the development of the new energy vehicle industry has become an important link in the development of industries in various countries. With the support of strong government subsidies and capital investment, China's new energy vehicle industry has become the world's largest market. But in 2023, China's new energy vehicle market entered the knockout stage: subsidies declined; The development of new forces in car manufacturing faces severe challenges; The growth rate of sales of new energy vehicles has slowed down. After two rounds of rapid development driven by policies and supply, how to drive the next rapid development of the new energy vehicle industry through demand has become a valuable research topic. Therefore, this article first integrates literature and information presented in industrial reality to summarize the factors that affect the penetration of the new energy vehicle market; Then, starting from the consumer side, we collected data by questionnaire survey, and analyzed the questionnaire data by variance analysis and multiple logistic model to explore their potential consumer characteristics, selection preferences, and factors affecting market penetration; Finally, based on the above research, conclusions are proposed to help new energy vehicles achieve performance and service upgrades around intelligence with a user oriented approach, and to propose countermeasures and suggestions for the future development of China's new energy vehicle industry.

Research status of new energy vehicles in various countries and the significance of new energy vehicles

The market for electric vehicles is expanding as the economy continues to grow. This report is in the context of the gradual electrification of the world in recent years. It focuses on analyzing the current achievements and development trends of the electric vehicle industry in various countries. Relevant literature was retrieved and information on the purchase volume of electric vehicles in recent years was obtained. In addition, relevant regulations by the government were introduced, and iterative updates of car brand models were analyzed. The advantages of electric vehicles, such as low emission, no pollution, energy saving and long service life were presented, all of which will prompt countries to focus on the field of electrification. For China to reach the worldwide advanced level in this field and take the "high ground". Last but not least, this paper will concentrate on analyzing the achievements to date and the trends in the development of the electric vehicle industry in different countries.

Glycyrrhiza polysaccharides inhibits PRRSV replication

Glycyrrhiza polysaccharide (GCP) is a natural plant active polysaccharide extracted from traditional Chinese medicine licorice. In this research, we studied the antiviral activity of glycyrrhiza polysaccharide against porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV), a virus of the Arteriviridae family, with a high rate of variation and has caused huge economic losses to the pig industry in various countries since its discovery. Our results show that GCP can inhibit PRRSV replication in a dose-dependent manner. Furthermore, GCP could inhibit the mRNA expression of receptor genes CD163 and NF-κB p65 and promote the mRNA expression of the SLA-7 gene. Because of these results, GCP can be used as a candidate drug to prevent and treat PRRS.

Value Analysis and Comparison of Animation Markets in America, Japan and China

From the invention of the Fenech mirror in 1832 to the release of Humorous Phases of Funny Faces in 1906, from Astro Boy, Space Battleship Yamato, to Neon Genesis Evangelion, from Toy Story to Frozen II, after nearly two centuries of development, The animation industry in various countries has become mature and formed different production technologies and industrial chains: the 3D animation industry led by the United States and the 2D animation industry led by Japan have overwhelming power over the global animation market. With China's active cultural output and capital investment in the world, the animation industry, as one of the best channels, has begun to develop rapidly and become one of the major animation-producing countries. This article will analyze the market value of the above three major animation-producing countries in recent years, elaborate on their respective characteristics and compare them, to try to analyze the trend of the animation market in the future.

Gut microbial and metabolic characterization of Atlantic salmon (Salmon salar) challenged with Aeromonas salmonicida

The bacterium Aeromonas salmonicida (A. salmonicida) is a pathogen that causes high mortality of Atlantic salmon (Salmon salar), which results in great economic losses to the aquaculture industry in various countries. In this study, Atlantic salmon were exposed to low (LI) and high concentration A. salmonicida bacterial suspension by intraperitoneal injection for 48 h. The results of 16S rRNA sequencing and untargeted metabolomics showed that A. salmonicida exposure changed the structure and metabolomics of the gut microbiota in Atlantic salmon. Compared with the control group, the relative abundance of Romboutsia, Blautia, Agathobacter, Parasutterella, Fusicatenibacter, Butyricicoccus, Dongia, Clostridium sensu stricto 1, and Bacteroides significantly increased in infection groups, and these changes were closely related to some differential metabolites identified by metabolome analysis. In infection groups, we found that taurocholic acid, taurochenodeoxycholic acid, 7-ketolithocholic acid were significantly up-regulation, and significant down-regulation of Vitamin C, vitamin A, indirubin, and hexanoic acid. These differential metabolites are mainly involved in bile secretion, biosynthesis of antibiotics, inflammatory mediator regulation of transient receptor potential channels, tryptophan metabolism, vitamin digestion and absorption, and the ornithine cycle. Our analysis of the connection between the gut microbiota and metabolism confirmed that the gut microbiota may affect Atlantic salmon resist infection by A. salmonicida by regulating metabolism.

The Risk Management of Commercial Banks

Commercial banks are not only the largest service sector of the real economy, but also the "bellwether" of financial industry in various countries. Their risk management has always been the focus of academic attention and hot discussion. The article reviews eight studies and discusses four main risks with their managements existed in commercial banks. The review of the four risks, interest risk, credit risk, liquidity risk and operational risk, summarizes the different methods and factors on the risk managements in commercial banks. Diverse risks have quite different methods. Some of these methods are well-established in the field of economics, whereas others are innovative, which can be examined in conjunction with other disciplines, but still need adequate empirical evidence to support them. These novel models are deserving of research and application to various forms of risk management. Moreover, some authors proposed correspondingly specific measures of risk management for commercial banks and government policymakers, while others did not.