Indonesian Subtitle Research Articles

TRANSLATION SHIFTS IN THE INDONESIAN SUBTITLE OF GUY RITCHIE’S THE COVENANT (2023) MOVIE

Translation is important for people who don't know a foreign language. Translators face challenges, but use of techniques like translation shifts can make translations sound more natural and effectively communicate the original meaning to the target audience. This research aims to identify the types of translation shifts used in the Indonesian subtitle of Guy Ritchie’s The Covenant movie and to identify the possible reasons the translators used translation shifts in this movie. The research applied the theory of translation shift proposed by Catford to analyze the data. It used descriptive qualitative methods and the data is from the movie subtitle of Guy Ritchie’s The Covenant. The researcher used the Oxford Dictionary and Big Indonesian Dictionary (KBBI) applications as instruments for analyzing the data, and to ensure the analysis results. The analysis found that the Indonesian subtitles for Guy Ritchie’s The Covenant movie included all types of shifts as proposed by Catford's theory. The shifts identified in the Indonesian subtitles included level shifts and category shifts (including structure shift, unit shift, class shift, and intra-system shift). However, among these shifts, category shifts especially unit shifts, were the most dominant. The translator probably used these translation shifts due to cultural and linguistic differences, time constraints, and creative translation choices.

Translation ideology analysis in the English and Indonesian subtitles of Hige wo Soru. Soshite Joshikousei wo Hirou. on Muse Youtube channels

Today, Muse YouTube channels are deemed to be the most prominent platforms for watching anime for people in many Asian countries, including Indonesia. Making use of the concept of Extralinguistic Culture-bound Reference (ECR) and seven translation strategies proposed by Pedersen, this quantitative research sought to identify the dominant translation ideologies of the English and Indonesian subtitles of the anime series Hige wo Soru. Soshite Joshikousei wo Hirou. on Muse Asia and Muse Indonesia and analyze the choices of translation strategies found in the subtitles of both languages. The Indonesian and English subtitles of thirteen episodes of Hige wo Soru. Soshite Joshikousei wo Hirou. were analyzed by two judges with expertise in Japanese, English and Indonesian. The judges agreed on 91% of the data and discussed the rest to reach an agreement. The results indicated that five among seven translation strategies offered by Pedersen were found in the subtitles, and both the Indonesian and English subtitles share the same dominant ideology: foreignization. In spite of the same dominant ideology, the two languages exhibited fundamental differences when it comes to rendering the ECRs. In addition, the research also drew an interpretive conclusion that also serves as a practical implication that the audiences' familiarity with Japanese culture, time and space's availability, and the guideline based on other factors outside of the field of translation were three reasonable components that had a part in the subtitling team's choices of strategies.

THE TRANSLATION OF SALADIN AL AYYUBI: A STUDY OF METHODS, CLARITY, AND AUDIENCE RESPONSE

The purpose of this research is to reveal the clarity of the translation in the movie Saladin Al-Ayyubi. This research uses a qualitative approach with document analysis method. The data used in this study came from the dialog sentences of the two characters' speech in the subtitle of Saladin Al-Ayyubi episode 4 on the Arabic Cartoon YouTube channel and the results of a survey conducted on respondents totaling 21 participants. To collect data, the researcher watched and observed the movie Saladin Al-Ayyubi repeatedly to transcribe the movie. After that, the researcher distributed questionnaires to classify and analyze the types of methods, clarity, and audience responses to the Arabic - Indonesian translation in the Salahuddin Al-Ayyubi film. The findings of this study are the types of methods used in the Arabic - Indonesian translation of Saladin Al-Ayyubi movie and the level of clarity of the methods used according to the audience. The researcher found five out of eight Newmark methods used in the translation, namely (1) word-by-word method; (2) semantic method; (3 free method; (4) literal method; and (5) communicative method. The level of intelligibility in the Arabic - Indonesian subtitles of Saladin Al-Ayyubi movie shows that 19% of the text is at a low level of legibility, 59% of the text is at a medium level of legibility, and 22% of the text is at a high level of legibility.

A Review of Netflix’s Indonesian Subtitle Translation in the “Pulp Fiction” Movie

ABSTRACT This paper is an attempt at analyzing the Indonesian translation in the film "Pulp Fiction", by observing the pre-existing Indonesian subtitle provided by a Netflix translator, and how it represents the on-screen portrayals. With the analysis, the aim is to investigate the following subtitle translation, in order to evaluate their linguistic or lexical values at how they reflected the dialogues and expressions behind the acts that occurred within the film. This attempt utilized a descriptive-qualitative approach on the basis of case study in order to produce a scientifically acceptable proposition into the matter. Materials relevant to this analysis are comprised of English dialogues from the film itself and the Indonesian translation provided via subtitle, with the collection of data reduced as per Miles and Huberman's instructions and then analyzed in accordance to Newmark's measurements regarding translation methods. It was found, that because of the varying dynamics that occurs within conversations and the ongoing narrative; A translator's familiarity in the domain of a given language has a sizable impact on the resulting translation, since the meanings held behind the ensuing acts and dialogues may vary greatly from one end to the other.

Analysis of Translation Techniques of Directive Speech Acts in WALL-E Film

The problem in this study relates to the study of translation, specifically on translation techniques which govern the way directive speech act is translated from English into Indonesian. This study aims to find out translation techniques of directive speech acts using Yule's theory (1996) and Molina and Albir's theory. The data sources of this study are WALL-E film and its Indonesian subtitles on a streaming platform Disney+ Hotstar. Based on the results, there are 81 data of directive speech, divided into Command with 20 data, Order with 41 data, Request with 11 data, and Suggestion with 9 data. The researcher also found 14 translation techniques which are used when translating English directive speech act into Indonesian from the sources of data, namely: amplification, borrowing, calque, compensation, discursive creation, established equivalent, generalization, linguistic amplification, linguistic compression, literal translation, modulation, particularization, reduction, and transposition. There were 37 data using single technique, 31 data using couplet technique, 11 data using triplet technique, and 2 data using quartet technique.

An Analysis of the Error Translation in Movie Trailers by Youtube Auto-Translate

In this study, the writer discusses common errors done by YouTube Auto-Translate in translating some of movie trailers with Indonesian subtitle as the Target Language (TL). Then, the writer compares the subtitles in the target language to that of a professional translation’s output and YouTube's Auto-Translate output and categorizes the errors by referring to the error classification by Vilar et al. The writer found 14 errors on YouTube Auto-Translate output. After observing the 14 data, it showed that commonly errors found from the data are related to lexical level by nine times (63%). The second error type is related to disambiguation which took place four times (27%). The errors found with the lowest frequency are Word Order and Unknown Word with which each of them is only shown once (5%). To sum up, machine translation helps us a lot in looking up words in a dictionary, but it is not recommended to rely on machine translation as it fails to recognize the context. It is then suggested that whenever we use MT, we must have it post-edit by human translator.

Improving Students' Vocabulary Mastery by Using Subtitle Movie

The objective of this research is to find out the students' vocabulary mastery before and after being taught using Indonesian subtitle movies. This research used a quantitative method. Experimental research was applied in this study. The researcher used pre-experimental research to obtain the data. The samples of this research are class C of the English department, class of 2021, consisting of 20 students. The data is obtained by using pre-test, post-test, and treatment. Students are asked to watch the movie in 8 meetings, including pre-test and post-test. To analyze the data, the researcher used a validity test, reliability, paired T-test, and hypothesis verification. The result of this research shows that there are differences between the pre-test and post-test, which means that there was an influence of the use of movies with subtitles on students' vocabulary mastery. In the pre-test, students achieved a score of 65%, while in the post-test, 94%.

The Translation Methods Used in the Subtitles of Dialogues in Maleficent Movie

The objectives of this research are to find out the translation methods used in the dialogues, to find out the method that often appears in the subtitles of Maleficent movies, and to describe the quality level of English to Indonesian subtitles in Maleficent's translation. The theory used to analyze the translation method is the theory of Gottlieb (1992). This research is classified into qualitative descriptive research. The research data is from dialogue subtitles in the Maleficent film. The data source is obtained from the film Maleficent—data collection techniques with documentation. At the same time, data analysis is done by collecting, classifying, calculating, dominating, and drawing conclusions. The results of this research indicate that translators use six methods. These methods are paraphrasing (16,1%) and transfer (39,5%). Imitation (8,0%), condensation (8,0%), decimation (0,6%), and deletion (27,8%). From these results, it can be concluded that the translation method that translators dominantly use is the transfer method. Besides, subsequent research can provide knowledge that can be useful for readers and can be the next related research that will be reviewed. Further research is also needed to keep up with the development of translation studies.

Translation Analysis of Social Cultural Words in Bumi Manusia Movie

Translation problems may arise because of cultural differences in movie subtitles. Thus, subtitling strategies have become important for translating social and cultural information. This study aims to identify the social cultural words using Newmarks’s (1988) theory and to investigate the subtitling strategies employed by the translators using Pedersen’s (2011) theory. The data used in this research are cultural words in Indonesian subtitles and English subtitles in the movie Bumi Manusia. Moreover, the researcher used the descriptive qualitative method. As a result, the researcher found that there were 166 social culture words found in the movie, which were work, name, terms of address, kinship, and leisure terms. The result revealed that the most frequent cultural-related terms of the social cultural words are names of a person with 34% of data. Furthermore, this study found that the translator employed seven subtitling strategies when translating cultural words, which were official equivalent (39%), retention (37%), substitution (14%), direct translation (4%), generalization (4%), omission (2%), and specification (1%). It can be concluded that the official equivalent is the dominant strategy applied by the translator, followed by retention.

Retaining the Readability of Cultural Words Translation: The Case of Indonesian Subtitles in Breadwinner Film

This study is a translation quality assessment of cultural words translation in the Breadwinner film. It is done firstly by categorizing the cultural words and translation procedures based on Peter Newmark’s theory. Then, to find out the readability level of cultural word translation, the study uses Nababan’s theory. The data is collected by watching the film, underlining the cultural words, and classifying and tabulating the selected data in the source and target text. The film has 12 data of cultural words, which are classified into ecology, material, social, and social-political organization cultural categories. It is also found that transference, naturalization, couplet, and synonymy are categorized based on the theory. In addition, it is found that 6 data are readable, 4 are less readable, and 2 are not readable. Therefore, retaining the readability and meaning of the original text is still needed to be increased to bridge to overcome the lack of meaning in the target language as great different cultures are found, and the readability of cultural words’ translation shows that the original word plays a crucial role.

SUBTITLING STRATEGIES FROM ENGLISH TO INDONESIAN IN THE IMITATION GAME MOVIE BY LEBAH GANTENG

This article discusses subtitling strategies taken by Lebah Ganteng in the Indonesian subtitle of the movie entitled The Imitation Game. The aims of this research were to describe how various subtitling strategies are applied in giving the subtitles to the movie from English into Indonesian and to find out the distribution of the strategies used from the most frequent to the least. This research applied a descriptive-qualitative method. The data were analyzed based on Gottlieb’s subtitling strategies theory. The finding shows that there are eight of the total ten subtitling strategies are applied. Transfer takes 24% of the total, followed by deletion (23%), paraphrase (17%), imitation (11%), condensation (9%), expansion (9%), decimation (6%), and transcription (1%). Two strategies left unapplied are dislocation and resignation. From the comparison, It can be concluded that transfer is the dominant strategy used in the subtitling process of the movie.

Subtitling Strategies Used in Translating Cultural Words in The Subtitle of Disney Animation Movie: Coco

The study aims to identify the subtitling strategies used in translating cultural words in the subtitle of Disney Animation Movie: Coco. This descriptive qualitative study employed the data in words, sentences, and logical arguments related to the topic. The data were English combined with Spanish subtitle as the source language and Indonesian subtitles as the target language. The theories used in the analyzing process and describing the analysis were the classification of cultural words by Newmark (1988:94-103) and the subtitling strategies based on Gottlieb's theory (1992:66). There were 100 cultural words found in the subtitles, which were divided into five classifications of cultural words, namely: Ecology (26%), Material Culture (22%), Social Culture (20%), Gesture and Habit (18%) and also Organization (14%). On the other hand, after the researcher grouped the cultural words, then the words were analyzed using the subtitling strategies theory of Gottlieb (1992), in which the subtitling strategies were divided into ten types: Transfer (41%), Imitation (14%), Transcription (14%), Paraphrase (7%), Expansion (7%), Deletion (4%), Condensation (3%), Dislocation (3%), Decimation (2%), and Resignation (2%). The dominant subtitling strategy in translating the cultural words is Transfer with 41 data. Based on the analysis result, within this mainly used Transfer strategy, the translator directly translated the text, word-to-word, so that the translation result in the subtitle becomes complete and accurate with its literal meaning according to the source language.

Differences between English Deixes Used by the Speaker and Indonesian Subtitles Made by the Television Station (Case Study of Angelina Sondakh’s Interview on Rosi Kompas TV)

This research paper aims at examining the differences between English utterances expressed by the speaker on a live television show and the Indonesian subtitles made by the television station. The objects to be analyzed are personal, spatial, and discourse deixis in the form of speech. The writer takes the data from Rosi talk show on Kompas TV with Angelina Sondakh. The design of the study uses descriptive qualitative methods and documentation methods to get the data. In exploring the types of deixes and subtitles, the writer uses pragmatic analysis, especially deixis theory, and translation theory. During the show, the speaker often mixed up Indonesian with English. Therefore, the station made quick subtitles in Indonesian when the speaker was speaking a total or partial sentence of English. Most differences happen to be in deictic forms; when the speaker only mentioned something deictically in English, the station made a clear and distinguished reference in Indonesian. The research findings of the study show that there is a total of 23 differences, which occur in discourse (61%), personal (35%), and spatial deixis (4%), which translated into similar forms and identical expressions.

Students’ Difficulties in Speaking Skill at the Seventh Grade of MTs Negeri 2 Hulu Sungai Utara

This research aims to find out students’ difficulties in speaking English skill with the factors that caused the difficulties as well as the strategies to overcome them in the seventh grade of MTs N 2 Hulu Sungai Utara, South Kalimantan. The descriptive qualitative method was employed to gather data focused on 10 students with the lowest grade in class A. In collecting data, the researchers used field-note observation, interviews, and questionnaires. The data collected were analyzed by reducing the data, presenting the data, and taking the conclusion after verifying the data. The results show that every student has different difficulties in speaking. The difficulties in speaking that the researchers found during the research include: 1) psychological problems: fear to make a mistake, shyness, lack of vocabulary, lack of motivation, and lack of pronunciation; 2) language problems: mother tongue use and saying nothing. Then, students have three factors that cause difficulties in speaking English skills, which are psychology factor, non-social factor, and social factors. Furthermore, the strategies used by students to solve their difficulties in speaking skills include following an English course, using an online dictionary and watching English videos on YouTube and English games without Indonesian subtitles. In addition, the teacher suggests using a variety of learning methods in class.

STRATEGY ON AUDIOVISUAL TRANSLATION OF ENOLA HOLMES NETFLIX MOVIE SUBTITLE

<span>The article discusses translation strategies of Audiovisual Translation engaged with the movie on Netflix. The research concentrates on translation strategies involved in the AVT subtitle case of an adventure mystery genre in the Netflix movie, Enola Holmes to know the relations. This is an audiovisual translation research in a qualitative descriptive, along with data collecting of English and Indonesian subtitles of Enola Holmes Netflix movie. From the findings, it found nine strategies applied in translating the subtitle of Enola Holmes movie. The domination as the most used strategies is condensation, transfer, and paraphrase, and deletion strategy. The domination strategies produce the final product of subtitles from SL to TL in line with the rules of AVT. Meanwhile, the rest of the least strategies used are expansion, imitation, resignation, decimation, and transcription strategy. The least translation strategies used do not involve much because the strategies contrast with the genre of the movie. Additionally, all of the translation strategies are helpful to produce the efficient subtitles and deliver the original message properly which also does not cross the line of the rules in AVT.</span>

PENERJEMAHAN PRONOMINA PERSONA BAHASA JEPANG PADA TAKARIR BAHASA INDONESIA ANIME TADA NEVER FALLS IN LOVE

<span lang="id">Personal pronouns are one of the characteristics that distinguishes each language from others. Personal pronouns are linguistic elements that refer to self-referential words. Personal pronouns in Japanese are classified into three types: first-person pronouns, second-person pronouns, and third-person pronouns. Personal pronouns are increasingly being studied not only in linguistics but also in applied linguistics, such as translation studies. Subtitles are used in audiovisual media translation. This research deals at how Japanese personal pronouns are translated into Indonesian subtitles of Yoshiko Nakamura's anime Tada Never Falls in Love. This study utilized two methods, namely data collection and data analysis. The translational equivalent method has been used in this study. Based on the findings, it is possible to conclude that personal pronouns in both the source and target languages have the same meaning components. There are, however, differences in the "gender" meaning component, with the source language preferring a specific gender and the target language preferring neutrality. Other findings from this study include the notion that subtitles in the target language have an informality tendency in the pronoun equivalent, resulting in the loss of gender-preferred speech of personal pronouns in the source language after translation. Furthermore, word-level equivalence can be gained although some meaning and nuance cannot be displayed in the target language.</span>

Subtitling Strategies of English Indonesian Translation Applied in Toy Story 4 Movie

Subtitling strategies are needed to translate the subtitles of Toy Story 4 movie to give information about the story to the target language viewer. The research aimed to identify the subtitling strategies and analyze which strategies frequently occurred in the Indonesian subtitle of Toy Story 4. The data were taken directly from the English and Indonesian subtitle text of Toy Story 4. This study used a qualitative approach to describe the results of the analysis of subtitling strategies. In gathering the data, the writer used several steps. They are watching, transcribing, identifying, classifying, and reporting. After evaluating the data, the writer presented the finding using the qualitative method. The collected data were transferred to a table and analyzed using the descriptive qualitative method. The finding of this research was 1337 data. The procedure of analyzing data was done by arranging side by side the original dialogue and subtitle versions in the table. The findings of the strategy analysis consist of translation by paraphrase (10.70%), translation by using the transfer (44.05%), translation by using transcription (1.94%), translation by using dislocation (7.78%), translation by imitation (21.02%), moreover translation by condensation (5.98%), translation by decimation (1.12%), in addition, translation by using deletion (3,74%) and translation by using resignation (3.66%). Based on the result of each strategy, it was found that translation by using transfer was the most used in this study, and decimation was the least used in this study. Keywords: Descriptive study, Translation, Movie, Subtitling Strategies

STUDENT STRATEGIES IN PRACTICING PRONUNCIATION THROUGH ENGLISH MOVIE

The purpose of this research is to report how high school students use movies as a strategy to practice English pronunciation. This research is a qualitative research with a case study design. The subject of this research involved 29 students from a SMK in Bogor. The instruments used in this study were questionnaires and interview. The results show that students’ strategies in learning anad practicing English pronunciation using moviesinvolve (1) The watching movies frequency (2) the use of Indonesian subtitles (3) the use of English subtitles (4) note-taking for newly discovered vocabulary. In accordance with the results of this study, practicing pronunciation using movies really helps students in learning English pronunciation.

Teknik Penerjemahan Tuturan Alih Kode dan Campur Kode dalam Film Aruna dan Lidahnya (2018)

<p><strong>This research is a translation-studies one discussing translation techniques used in Indonesian subtitle for English utterances and Indonesian utterances consisting English either words or expressions in the dialog of <em>Aruna dan Lidahnya</em> (2018) film. Analysis is done for utterances consisting code-switching and code-mixing. Methods used are descriptive-qualitative and library ones. Data are collected with content-analysis technique. Source text (ST) data are classified using code-switching and code-mixing classification. Target text (TT) data are classified using translation techniques by Molina and Albir (2002). Out of 72 data of bilingualism in use, 61.6% are code-mixing while 38.9% are code switching. Yet out of 37 utterances translated into Indonesian subtitle, 54.05% are code-switching while 45.95% are code-mixing. Out of 18 translation techniques proposed by Molina and Albir (2002), only 11 techniques used. Established equivalent is the most frequent techniques used, i.e. 23,1% out of 39 data in TT. The result also shows that all 11 translation techniques used are fit with the principle of subtitling according to Ho (2015).</strong></p><p><em> <strong><em>Keywords</em></strong> – <em>translation, subtitle, code switching, code mixing, film Indonesia</em></em></p>

Translation of verbal humor in Charlie and the Chocolate Factory movie

The purpose of this study is to identify the different types of verbal humor in the movie Charlie and the Chocolate Factory, classify the translation techniques used to translate the verbal humor in the Indonesian subtitle, and assess the acceptability of the verbal humor translation. This study makes use of both qualitative and quantitative methods. The qualitative method was used to define, classify, and describe the verbal humor types and the translation techniques. Furthermore, the quantitative method was used to assess the translation's acceptability. The data were analyzed by comparing the dialogue transcript from Charlie and the Chocolate Factory with its Indonesian subtitle. The findings show that sarcasm is the most prevalent type of verbal humor. This is consistent with the main character, Willy Wonka, who is highly judgmental and arrogant. The most common translation technique discovered is transfer, which means that the subtitle delivers the verbal humor word for word. The acceptability score of the verbal humor translation is 2.5, indicating that the audience must reread and rethink the humor to understand it. This is not satisfying because it takes the audience's attention away from the movie.Keywords: verbal humor, translation technique, translation quality assessment, sarcasm, movie