Increase In Carbon Emissions Research Articles

Towards a greener aging society: A dynamic and multilevel analysis of consumption carbon emissions among China's aging population

Climate change and population aging are inevitably the two most significant global challenges. Senior population growth in China is accompanied by an increase in consumption-induced carbon emissions (CCEs). The study's contribution of a deeper understanding of the intertemporal relationship between senior characteristics and multi-category CCEs provides the theoretical foundation for the formulation of mitigation strategies. This study utilizes panel data obtained from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS) surveys in 2013, 2015, and 2018 to compute the per capita CCEs for elderly adults across eight major consumption categories. It also exposes the dynamic influences of individual characteristics on CCEs by estimating the mixed effects model. Based on the findings, accommodation, transportation and communication, and food comprise the top three categories of CCEs. Furthermore, seniors’ consumption preferences have gradually drifted from basic necessities to pleasurable experiences and healthcare services. Notably, seniors’ characteristics (e.g., income, health, education, marital status, residential type, and the degree of urbanization) exert distinctively dynamic impacts on each type of CCEs over time. In pursuit of a greener aging society, this study proposes various implementation strategies for mitigating CCEs among different actors (the government, community, manufacturers, and older individuals) in light of the captured intricate mechanism.

Dynamic analysis and energy consumption modeling of a composite spindle with active magnetic bearings for a sustainable manufacturing

Modern life is marked with the extensive use of machine tools. The latter stand for high consumers of electrical energy which increase carbon emissions. For this reason, various solutions aiming to reduce energy consumption in industrial sector are elaborated. One solution lies in the use of economical materials for the spindle rotation system supported by active magnetic bearings (AMBs), which corresponds to a problem that has never been undertaken so far. A new conception for machine tool spindle rotation system is elaborated for sustainable design. The spindle material is composed of a carbon epoxy hollow shaft wrapped with a steel layer and supported by AMBs. A Finite Element Method (FEM) modeling of the spindle rotation system was carried out to assess its dynamic consumed energy and power during the acceleration and cutting phases. For an accurate estimation, the power consumed by the spindle system was calculated taking into account the dynamic behavior of the cutting force and losses generated by the bearings. A comparison between energies consumed by the proposed spindle system and the steel spindle system was enacted.

Impact of Renewable and Non-Renewable Energy Resources on CO2 Emission: Empirical Evidence from SAARC

When assessing sustainability performance, researchers often ignore the implications of combining energy, economic, and environmental factors. To address this void, we assess the consequence of energy dis-aggregation proceeding carbon emissions in SAARC nations. The majority of energy resources are renewable and non-renewable, which contributes to a rise in carbon dioxide emissions. This study aims to provide a thorough understanding of the energy utilization dioxide emissions nexus. The panel data sets covering the period 1971-2020 for the SAARC nations have been used for analysis. The data set was used to assess the effect of renewable and non-renewable energy consumption on emissions of carbon dioxide by factoring in other CO2-producing variables such as urbanization, primary and secondary education, globalization, and economic development. Panel Fully Modified Ordinary Least Squares (FMOLS) was used to examine the connection. According to research comparing the impact of renewable and non-renewable energy consumption upon Carbon dioxide emission, whereas non-renewable energy consumption increases CO2 emissions, renewable energy consumption decreases them. Urbanization, globalization, primary education, and economic growth increase carbon emissions, while secondary education contributes to environmental quality improvement via CO2 reduction. Therefore, increasing the usage of renewable energy and enhancing awareness through higher education may help SAARC nations to reduce pollution emissions.

Do Global Green Sukuk affect on Climate Change? Evidence in Issuing Countries

Uncertain climate change as a result of technological developments, often has a negative impact on the environment. This is shown by the number of carbon emissions that are continuously increasing. As a sovereign country, the issuing country of Green Sukuk Global strives to increase investment to support a sustainable development process. This study aims to analyze the effect of green finance, specifically on global green sukuk, on the adverse effects of climate change. Using time series data in four issuing countries (from January 2018 until December 2022) with an autoregressive distributed lag in the panel model approach. The findings show that in the long and short term, global green sukuk can reduce the adverse effects of climate change in the issuing country. However, economic growth affects increasing carbon emissions in the issuing country in the long term, while trade openness has no effect on climate change. To support sustainable economic development as evidenced by increased economic growth, it must be balanced with increased issuance of global green sukuk financing issues to reduce the adverse effects of climate change in issuing countries.

Optimization model of low-carbon technology adoption timing for coal power under decarbonization and flexibility demand: Empirical study in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region, China

Substituting renewable energy for coal power under the carbon neutrality goal is an inevitable path for power system transformation, while the high share of renewable energy leads to a rapid rise in system flexibility demand. Currently, coal-fired power is still one of the most economical and reliable large-scale flexible resources in China. Therefore, the issue of how to mitigate the conflict between cleanliness and flexibility for coal-fired power is urgent to be solved. Accordingly, this paper established an optimization framework for the retirement and technology adoption of coal-fired power units with high spatial-temporal resolution, and the regional carbon emission budget is estimated from a top-down perspective. Secondly, a dynamic carbon quota allocation method considering technological innovation and adoption is proposed. The carbon trading cost of the units is evaluated from a bottom-up perspective, to realize the interaction between the obligatory policy constraints of the top-level target and the flexible incentives of the market mechanism. Finally, the empirical analysis was conducted in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region of China. The optimal solution achieved by proposed method results in a substantial 27% reduction in total costs while keeping the increase in carbon emissions below 3%. By analyzing the dynamic evolution path of coal and the scale of diffusion of multi-type technologies, the differences in the roles coal power assuming at various stages of decarbonization are discussed. The robustness of the model and the validity of the proposed method were verified by comparing the dynamic/static carbon quota allocation. Overall, this study provides an effective optimization model for investigating the low-carbon technology adoption timing for coal power in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region, and offers valuable insights for other coal-dominated emerging economies seeking for power system transformation roadmap in the forthcoming net-zero carbon age.

The nexus between resource depletion, price fluctuations, and sustainable development in expenditure on resources

The recent Inflation Reduction Act (IRA) proposals are expected to take a number of measures. These include financial incentives to improve energy efficiency, reduce pollution and increase the climate resilience of households. Furthermore, the use of natural resources (NTR) is critical in driving energy demand in industry and households. However, NTRs also play an important role in increasing carbon emissions (CO2), which can lead to various diseases. Healthcare (HLT) has complex issues such as rising costs due to inflation (INF), stalled improvements in population-wide outcomes, stalled access due to clinical staff shortages, and COVID-19 intensify. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the effects of NTR, CO2, and INF on HLT. In addition, this study also considers short-term and long-term volatility and does so by employing an asymmetric (non-linear) ARDL model. Application of NARDL resulted in positive shocks to NTR, INF, and CO2 that increased HLT, whereas negative shocks to NTR, INF, and CO2 decreased HLT. Based on the findings, it is recommended that there is an urgent need to identify measures that can be taken to utilize the NTR best and facilitate the sustainable efforts being promoted by the IRA.

Reexamining the impact of natural resource rent and corruption control on environmental quality: Evidence from carbon emissions and ecological footprint in 152 countries

AbstractIn order to explore the impact of natural resource rent and corruption control on environmental quality (ecological footprint, carbon emissions), this paper uses the moment quantile regression method within the framework of the environmental Kuznets curve hypothesis. Based on the availability of data, the research object is positioned as the sample data of 152 countries from 2002 to 2018 to obtain more in‐depth and comprehensive research conclusions. The empirical results show that: (1) Corruption control has a significant effect on improving the ecological environment in countries and regions with poor environmental quality. The impact of natural resource rent on environmental quality remains inconclusive, when environmental quality is relatively high, natural resource rent tends to promote the increase of carbon emissions, but there is a reduction effect on the ecological footprint. For countries and regions with better environmental quality, there will be an effect of increasing resource consumption and reducing pollutant emissions. (2) Increasing the consumption intensity of energy will lead to the deterioration of environmental quality, and increasing the proportion of renewable resources will increase and weaken this impact, so it is particularly important to improve the energy consumption structure and improve environmental quality. (3) The impact of urbanization on environmental quality dose not form a unified opinion, and the difference in the selection of environmental quality indicators brings variability to the results, which also prompts the adoption of multiple indicators or the establishment of a composite index that covers multiple perspectives of environmental quality to conduct comprehensive and in‐depth research on environmental quality.

Spatiotemporal analysis of national carbon emission and regional carbon simulation in China.

Land use and land cover (LULC) will cause large flows of carbon sources and sinks. As the world's largest carbon emitter with a complicated LULC, China's carbon emissions have profound implications for its ecological environment and future development. In this paper, we account for the land-use changes and carbon emissions of 30 Chinese provinces and cities in China from 2000 to 2020. Furthermore, the spatial correlation of carbon emissions among the study areas is explored. Four typical regions with spatial association (Beijing, Hebei, Sichuan, and Anhui) are selected, and their land-use change trends in 2025 and 2030 are simulated to predict the total carbon emissions in the future. The results show that the distribution of land-use in China is mainly cultivated and woodland, but the growth of urban built-up (UBL) land area indirectly leads to the continuous increase of carbon emissions. Total carbon emissions have increased over the past two decades, albeit at a slower growth rate, with some provinces experiencing no further growth. In the typical regional carbon emission simulation, it is found that the carbon emissions of the four provinces would show a downward trend in the future. The main reason is the reduction in indirect carbon emissions from fossil energy in UBL, while the other part is the influx of carbon sinks due to grassland, woodland, etc. We recommended that future carbon reduction measures should focus and prioritize controlling fossil energy and mitigating carbon emissions from UBL. Simultaneously, the significant contribution of forests and other land types as carbon sinks should be acknowledged to better implement China's carbon neutral commitment.

A sustainable dynamic optimization model of pricing and advertising in the presence of green innovation investment

Due to the increasing greenhouse effect and global warming, ecological and environmental protection issues are growing tremendously. The Paris Agreement and other international agreements have been enacted to slow down the increase in carbon emissions to prevent it from degrading the ecosystem. With the increasing consumer awareness of environmental protection and environmental regulatory pressures, firms must integrate carbon emissions concerns into decision-making. This paper analyzes a joint dynamic pricing, green innovation investment, and advertising model under the cap-and-price mechanism. The demand rate is multiplicatively related to the selling price and goodwill. The profit-maximizing problem is considered over an infinite horizon. Specifically, we assume that the stock of goodwill grows with green innovation and advertising efforts but depreciates by a constant proportion each period. Numerous theoretical results have been established to expand our comprehension of the problem. Moreover, we present several explications corresponding to these structural properties, characterizing the effects of critical parameters on optimal decisions. Finally, some numerical illustrations and explanations of the concepts of sensitivity analysis are presented to obtain managerial insights, followed by concluding remarks and future research.

Ekonomi Politik dan Lingkungan Hidup

The aim of writing this article is to look at Political Economy and the Environment. The environment is everything that exists around humans and is in a reciprocal relationship. The living environment is a system that is a spatial unity between living things and other abiotic components. The interaction between the natural environment and its surroundings forms an ecological system (ecosystem). The environment plays a role as a habitat for living creatures on earth. Environmental components consist of two types, namely: Biotic components, living creatures which include animals, plants and humans. Abiotic components are non-living objects, including water, soil, rocks, air and sunlight. The data collection technique for this research is a library research library study sourced from various reading literature and previous research articles on Political Economy and the Environment. . The expansion of oil palm plantations in forest areas also has an impact on changes in the ecological landscape and changes in land use, changes in land cover as well as several serious environmental problems such as depletion of soil nutrients and increased carbon emissions due to deforestation and emissions inherent in the processing of oil palm fruit.

Ekspansi Perkebunan Kelapa Sawit Politik Ekologi

The aim of writing this article is to look at the Expansion of Palm Oil Plantations, Ecological Politics. As a consequence of the large-scale expansion of oil palm plantations, the community is also caught up in the euphoria of oil palm plantation expansion. This research found a form of silent expansion carried out by independent farmers/plantations. Silent expansion is a strategy to expand oil palm plantations which is carried out secretly, illegally (behind the state's backstage), small-fragmented areas, and carried out by farmers/plantations who have relationships with actors such as the middle man and the big man. The data collection technique for this research is a library research library study sourced from various reading literature and previous research articles regarding political ecology. The expansion of oil palm plantations in forest areas also has an impact on changes in the ecological landscape and changes in land use, changes in land cover as well as several serious environmental problems such as depletion of soil nutrients and increased carbon emissions due to deforestation and emissions inherent in the processing of oil palm fruit.

Effects of new urbanization on China's carbon emissions: A quasi-natural experiment based on the improved PSM-DID model

Examining the influence mechanisms of new urbanization on urban carbon emissions is of great practical significance to guide cities' low-carbon and sustainable development and achieve China's “dual carbon” goal. To investigate the impact of the new urbanization policy on carbon emissions, this study conducted quasi-natural experiments on 19 urban agglomerations, including 115 cities in China, from 2011 to 2018. Based on the improved propensity score matching-difference-in-differences model, the study constructed an evaluation system based on the technique for order performance by similarity to an ideal solution or the TOPSIS-entropy method for analyzing the development status of new urbanization. Finally, the influence mechanisms and regional heterogeneity of multidimensional new urbanization development on carbon emissions were examined. The results were threefold. (1) The new urbanization policy significantly inhibits carbon emissions in the pilot cities. (2) The new urbanization policy affects urban carbon emissions through economic and population urbanization, which have an inverted U-shaped relationship with carbon emissions, and public service and environmental urbanization, which inhibit carbon emissions. (3) Regional heterogeneity exists among mechanisms. For relatively developed regions, the policy significantly affects carbon emission reduction. In rapidly developing regions, the policy implementation increases carbon emissions. The policy does not significantly impact carbon emissions in remote and underdeveloped regions. This study is a significant reference for formulating a carbon emissions reduction strategy according to local conditions.

Research on the fine-scale spatial-temporal evolution characteristics of carbon emissions based on nighttime light data: A case study of Xi'an city

Carbon emissions have resulted in severe ecological damage, jeopardizing the very existence of humanity. In China, carbon emissions from urban areas contribute to 80% of the total carbon emissions, this significant contribution underscores the importance of addressing urban emissions. To gain insights into the spatial patterns of carbon emissions in urban areas at the fine-scale regional level, this study utilizes Xi'an as a case study, constructs a fine-scale regional carbon emission estimation model based on energy consumption and NPP-VIIRS-like NTL data, and quantifies multiscale carbon emissions from 2000 to 2021. Furthermore, global spatial autocorrelation, cold and hot spot analysis, and standard deviation ellipse analysis were used to investigate the spatial characteristics of carbon emissions at the street (township) level in Xi'an. This study revealed a sixfold increase in carbon emissions in Xi'an, rising from 51.35 million tons in 2000 to 281.95 million tons in 2021.The area affected by carbon emissions has expanded, with the centre of gravity of emission consistently shifting towards the south. The average street-level carbon emission density fluctuated and doubled compared to that in 2000. The total number of streets with low-carbon-emission-density decreased by 23%, indicating a shift away from low-carbon-emission-density streets. Furthermore, the global Moran's I index consistently remained within the range of 0.85–0.95, indicating significant spatial clustering, with cold spots expanding into surrounding districts and counties. Additionally, this study accurately identified carbon emissions within the city, offering the potential for the development of more precise carbon reduction strategies. Moreover, this approach can provide valuable support for the dynamic monitoring of carbon emissions in developing cities worldwide.

The causal effect and autonomous buffering mechanisms of large-scale internal migration on carbon emissions: evidence from China.

Large-scale internal migration and unprecedented urbanization have dramatically promoted economic growth in China, resulting in a rapid surge in carbon emissions in urban areas. However, few studies have investigated the causal effect of mass internal migration on carbon emissions or examined the effects of autonomous mitigation mechanisms, such as population agglomeration and technological innovation. This study identifies the causal effect of internal migration on prefectural-level cities' carbon emissions in China by employing an instrumental variable and further investigates the buffering effect of population agglomeration and technological innovation using mediating effect models. The results show that mass internal migration has a substantial impact on increasing carbon emissions in prefectural-level cities. If the proportion of inflowed migrants rises by 1% point, prefectural-level cities' carbon emissions per capita will increase by 1.9%. A series of robustness tests confirms the result. Population migration also promotes population agglomeration and technological innovation in urban areas. Two autonomous mechanisms buffer 11.9% and 5.4% of prefectural-level cities' incremental carbon emissions per capita caused by population migration, respectively. This study highlights the crucial role of population agglomeration and technological innovation in mitigating carbon emissions in cities experiencing significant migrant inflows and provides several implications for formulating relevant policies.

The Impact of South Africa’s Carbon Tax Policy on Carbon Leakages on its Top Five African Trading Partners

The carbon leakage phenomenon, whereby decreased carbon emissions in locations with strict constraints on carbon emissions may be offset to some extent by increased carbon emissions in locations with less strict constraints on emissions, has the potential to undermine efforts to mitigating carbon emissions. As such the objective of this study was to use a natural experiment model to estimate the extent of carbon leakage associated with South Africa’s Carbon Tax on the combined carbon emissions of its top five trading African partners (Mozambique, Namibia, Botswana, Nigeria and Eswatini). This was a highly essential study and arguably a first of its kind, to infer causal impact of the carbon tax on carbon leakages using a single group interrupted time-series analysis regression discontinuity design. Results from the study showed that in the long-run, the carbon tax has decreased carbon emission in South Africa by 4.42 percent while increasing carbon emissions in South Africa’s trading partners by 1.003 percent. This shows evidence of a carbon leakage because of the carbon tax, and it is recommended that policymakers should consider trade restrictions to prevent the import of carbon-intensive commodities or institute universal, instead of unilateral, climate change mitigation policies.

Exploration of multiple regression analysis and prediction methods for power grid carbon emission factors

Abstract Carbon emissions from the power sector account for about one-third of China’s total carbon emissions, and carbon emission reduction in the power sector is crucial to the realization of the “double carbon” goal. This paper proposes a prediction model for grid carbon emission factor based on the combination of multiple linear regression models and the GM(1,1) model. The grid carbon measurement model is built using the theory of carbon emission flow, and the grid carbon emission accounting model is built using the consumption side. The average grid carbon emission factor is calculated by dividing the grid carbon emission factor into three different dimensions. The multiple linear regression model is used to study the correlation between the independent variables and the dependent variables, and the specific values of each regression factor are predicted by combining with the GM(1,1) model, and it is judged whether the prediction model is reasonable or not. Among the contributions of the increase in carbon emissions from the power grid, the contribution of electricity consumption increased from 2010 to 2014 and reached a peak of 2.9824 million tons in 2014, and the carbon emission factor value of the power grid gradually decreased from 0.719kg CO2/(kW·h) in 2010 to 0.593kg CO2/(kW·h) in 2022. The MR-GM(1,1) model is applied to the prediction of carbon emissions from power grids, and the absolute error of the results is within 15,000 tons, and the maximum relative error is only 2.42%. The calculation and prediction of carbon emission factors of the power grid can help power grid enterprises to clarify the trend of carbon emission, which is conducive to the realization of the low-carbon goal of “carbon neutral” and “carbon peak”.

Carbon emissions and low-carbon innovation in firms.

Most of the previous studies of environmental innovation focus on the impact of environmental innovation on carbon emissions. This study rarely examines the internal causes and mechanisms of influence of low-carbon innovation. This study focuses on the effect of carbon emissions on low-carbon innovation in firms. Using a panel data set of Chinese A-share firms, this study finds that the increase in carbon emissions promotes low-carbon innovation. This promoting effect comes from high carbon emissions increasing the pressure to reduce carbon emissions in firms and prompting firms to increase R&D investment, and the effect is more pronounced in firms with lower equity concentration or high-tech firms. It is also found that indirect carbon emissions do not promote low-carbon innovation, while other types of carbon emissions do. This study expands the research on the internal causes of low-carbon innovation in firms, examines the logic influencing low-carbon innovation in firms from the perspective of emission reduction motives and methods, reveals that global warming contains opportunities for the development of low-carbon innovation in firms, and provides a reference for optimizing the carbon emissions calculation system.

Reclamation Enhances the Ratio of Soil to Ecosystem Respiration under Warming in an Alpine Meadow

The construction of cultivated grasslands can increase grass production but also pose a threat to soil carbon storage, and it still remains unclear how construction of cultivated grasslands affects the components of ecosystem respiration (ER) toward a warming climate. Therefore, we conducted a 5-year (2012 to 2016) manipulative warming experiment in an alpine meadow and a cultivated grassland on the Qinghai–Xizang Plateau to explore the separate and interactive effects of warming and reclamation on soil respiration (SR), crop respiration (CR), ER, and the ratio of SR to ER (SR/ER). The plant height, coverage, aboveground production, SR, ER, CR, and SR/ER were measured. We found that warming increased the 5-year mean SR by 61.1% and 63.4% in the alpine meadow and the cultivated grassland, respectively. The 5-year mean SR/ER was increased by warming for the alpine meadow (38.7%) and the cultivated grassland (38.0%). Under warming, reclamation increased the 5-year mean SR/ER by 15.0%. Reclamation increased the sensitivity of SR and CR to warming, resulting in the increase in SR/ER under warming in the cultivated grassland. Overall, our results indicated that reclamation can increase the contribution of SR to the ecosystem carbon emission under warming and is detrimental to the storage of soil carbon in the alpine meadow especially toward a warming climate. Therefore, despite the increase in production by the construction of cultivated grasslands, the increase in carbon emission under warming by reclamation should attract attention.

Heterogeneous determinants of environmental sustainability: Assessing the roles of energy consumption, economic growth, and financial development

This study offers unique insights into the heterogeneous influence of energy consumption, economic growth, and financial development on environmental sustainability in Sub- Saharan African (SSA) countries. Basically, the scarcity of evidence on this issue, especially in the context of SSA, motivates this new assessment. Thus, on the basis of the annual panel series for 22 SSA countries over the period 1999-2019, the novel quantile-based method of moments (MM-QR), and system-generalisation method of moments (sysGMM) provide the following results. First, financial development significantly degrades the region?s environmental quality. Second, energy utilisation provides varying significant increasing effects. Whereas it largely increases carbon emissions at the upper quantiles, the influence at the middle and low quantiles is inconsequential. This highlights the fact that high levels of energy use in the region significantly increase carbon emissions, which in turn reduces the region?s environmental sustainability. Third, the empirical result confirms the inverted Uform hypothesis in the region. Policy options to enhance and maintain sustainable growth in the region without compromising environmental quality have been highlighted.

Exploring synergistic ecological and economic energy solutions for low-urbanized areas through simulation-based analysis

<abstract> <p>In this study, we assess the feasibility of a Hybrid Renewable Energy System (HRES) for the residential area of Hengam Island, Iran. The optimal system design, based on the analysis of minimum CO<sub>2</sub> emissions, unmet electric load and capacity shortage, reveals that a hybrid system consisting of 12,779,267 kW (55.8% of production) of solar PV panels and 10,141,978 kW (44.2% of production) of wind turbines is the most suitable for this case study. This configuration ensures zero CO<sub>2</sub> emissions and high reliability over a 25-year project lifetime, with an unmet electric load of 164 kWh per year and a capacity shortage of 5245 kWh per year. However, this case has a high initial cost of equipment, with a Total Net Present Cost (TNPC) of ＄54,493,590. If the power grid is also used for energy exchange with the island, TNPC can be significantly reduced by 76.95%, and battery losses can be reduced by 96.44%. The proposed system on the grid can reduce carbon emissions to zero, making it highly environmentally compatible. The sale of excess electricity produced to the power grid creates an energy market for the island. Given the weather conditions and the intensity of the sun in the studied area, the area has very suitable conditions for the exploitation of renewable energies. Transitioning the residential sector towards renewable energies is crucial to overcome energy crises and increasing carbon emissions. Increasing renewable equipment production and improving technology can address the challenge of high prices for renewable energy production.</p> </abstract>