Important Cultural Heritage Research Articles

Virtual Skin Outfit in PUBG Mobile Games: Value and Enjoyment with Virtual Appearance

Ningxia Yanchi handmade carpets have a history of more than 300 years. They are one of the important handicrafts intangible cultural heritages (ICH) in China, similar to other handicrafts, facing the challenge of disconnecting from daily life. Cultural and creative development, as an important non-inheritable approach, has played a significant role in the modernisation and branding of various arts and crafts. The purpose of this study is to analyse the technological process and creation mode of Ningxia Yanchi handmade carpets on the basis of the theory of design affairology, and to propose a new optimal design framework. Based on the theory of design transactions, establish the "thing" logic in the creation of Yanchi handmade carpets and extract "elements". By transitioning from "thing" to "elements" in terms of graphical structure and colours, the individual pattern elements with modern aesthetics are organised. Based on the theoretical research foundation of Design Doctrine, cultural and creative design has the characteristics of clear thematic expression and coherent structure, which not only satisfies people's daily needs through traditional forms but also promotes the revival of traditional Chinese craftsmanship. It can serve as a new path for the innovation and development of traditional techniques. From a practical perspective, design affairology combines traditional skills of Intangible Cultural Heritage (ICH) with cultural creative design, creating new avenues for research and development of ICH-related designs. At the same time, the modernisation of ICH products through cultural and creative design is just one approach to heritage preservation and protection, expanding the scope of theoretical research.

Assessing the Legal Protection of Intangible Cultural Heritage in Saudi Arabia: A Critical Analysis in the Context of the 2003 UNESCO Convention

Saudi Arabia boasts a diverse and abundant cultural heritage that reflects a fusion of pre-Islamic and Islamic civilizations, serving as a precious legacy for future generations. Confronted with the challenges arising from globalization and rapid development, preserving intangible cultural heritage has become increasingly challenging, particularly in the absence of comprehensive heritage policies. The initial steps toward conservation were taken in 1972 when legislation was enacted to protect historical and cultural sites. However, it was not until 2014 that a new law was introduced to address the gaps left by the 1972 law. Unfortunately, this legal protection predominantly centered on tangible aspects of cultural heritage, leaving the equally important intangible cultural heritage neglected and unprotected. This study aims to evaluate the existing legal mechanisms in Saudi Arabia for the preservation and protection of intangible cultural heritage. It identifies the existing deficiencies and obstacles in the current cultural heritage framework regarding the preservation of intangible cultural heritage in Saudi Arabia. Our analysis focuses on how Saudi Arabia aligns with the principles and guidelines established by the 2003 UNESCO Convention for the Safeguarding of Intangible Cultural Heritage.

Ege in Muskegon: Broken Books in the Peripheral Manuscripts Project

Abstract: This essay problematizes the role and connections of the early twentieth-century biblioclast Otto F. Ege and the fragments he created through dispersal of books into Midwestern collections. After an overview of the activities of Ege as a dismantler of books, the author presents the role of his legacy in the context of the research project, The Peripheral Manuscripts Project: Digitizing Medieval Manuscript Collections in the Midwest . Ege worked out of Cleveland and has connections to many of the project’s partner collections being digitized and catalogued, including eleven previously unidentified fragments that are held in an art museum in Michigan. Many more such connections have come to light within the project. The case study offers additional context to the discussion of the role that Midwestern institutions have played and continue to play in the conservation of this important cultural heritage.

Adhesion of Historic Tile Fragments in Outdoor Architectural Settings

Azulejos are part of Portugal’s most important cultural heritage. However, a large part of this heritage is at risk due to lack of or improper conservation treatments. There are, however, not many studies dedicated to the procedures and materials used in their conservation to guide the choices of conservators/restorers. Through this work, the performances of the adhesives commonly used in azulejo conservation are studied considering the extreme conditions they may experience when in an outdoor environment. Three types of adhesives were studied: acrylics, epoxies, and cellulose nitrates. The adhesives were evaluated for their workability and characterized by FTIR, DMA, and bending tests to obtain information on their adhesion effectiveness and compatibility with the azulejo ceramic substrate before and after artificial and natural ageing. When subjected to mechanical loads, the high strength and stiffness of the epoxy resins could lead to the development of new fractures in the previously undamaged ceramic matrix, making them less suitable for the adhesion of historic tile fragments. Cellulose nitrates revealed a high chemical alteration and the highest degradation rate in the mechanical properties with ageing, showing it to be the least stable in the studied conditions. The acrylic resins proved to be the most chemically stable, with less yellowing and with physical properties that revealed to be the most compatible for the adhesion of the studied azulejo fragments in outdoor environments.

Research on Yulin Historical and Cultural Neighborhoods under the Threshold of Ecological Translation Studies and its Countermeasures for Public Notice Translation

With the continuous development of globalization, the importance of translation, as an important means of cultural exchange, is becoming more and more prominent. Ecological Translation Studies provides a new perspective to understand and practice translation activities. As an important cultural heritage in northern China, the translation of public notices in Yulin Historical and Cultural Neighborhood is not only a task of language conversion, but also a process of cultural transmission and adaptation. The purpose of this paper is to explore how to effectively deal with the translation problems in this specific cultural environment under the framework of ecological translation studies, and to propose practical translation countermeasures.

Research on the Strategy of Secondary Utilization of Environmental Protection Materials in Traditional Mountain Dwellings

In the context of global sustainable development, the preservation and renovation of traditional dwellings have garnered significant attention. As an important cultural heritage, the ecological protection of mountainous traditional dwellings is of great significance. This paper explores strategies for the secondary utilization of eco-friendly materials in mountainous traditional dwellings. First, through literature research, domestic and international research results on the application of eco-friendly materials were collected and analyzed. Then, a field investigation was conducted on representative mountainous traditional dwellings in China to record the usage of existing building materials and their environmental impact. Next, through interdisciplinary research, the physical and ecological performance of various eco-friendly materials, including indicators such as strength, density, durability, and carbon footprint, were evaluated, and strategies for their secondary utilization were proposed. Finally, taking the Peng’s Residence as an example, the secondary utilization of eco-friendly materials in this dwelling and the implementation effects were analyzed. The study found that the reuse of eco-friendly materials can not only reduce resource consumption and environmental impact but also enhance the ecological and economic benefits of buildings, providing new ideas and methods for the preservation and renovation of traditional dwellings.

Classification and Value Evaluation of Ecotourism Resources in Agricultural and Cultural Heritage Sites Based on Clustering Algorithm--Taking Hani Terraces Globally Important Agricultural and Cultural Heritage Site as an Example

Abstract Taking the Hani Terraces as an example, this study explores the classification and value evaluation of ecotourism resources in agricultural and cultural heritage sites, applying clustering algorithms with the aim of revealing their ecological, economic and social values and promoting the sustainable development of heritage sites. The study establishes an evaluation system including economic benefits, sightseeing resources, agricultural resources and ecological resources, and applies the gray system theory and cluster analysis method. Through the expert scoring of 27 evaluation indicators, combined with the gray clustering algorithm, the ecotourism resources of Hani Terraces were classified and valued. The results show that the vast majority of indicators (15/27) are rated as excellent, 11 indicators are good, and only 1 indicator is medium. In addition, the research on 80 households showed that the villagers’ perceived index of heritage protection averaged 4.44, the perceived index of ecological problems averaged 3.22, and the perceived index of tourism development averaged 3.84. In summary, the ecotourism resources of Hani Terraces have significant value and the local residents have a positive attitude towards their protection and development.

Developing a Model Proposal to Evaluate the Authenticity of Traditional Housing; Malatya Case Study

Anatolia has been used as a settlement area by many civilizations throughout history due to its geopolitical and geographical features. Traditional houses in Anatolia convey the thousands of years of culture and identity of the region where they are located, with their unique architectural style. In this respect, traditional houses appear as the most important cultural heritage values that convey information such as the social, cultural, economic and architectural style of the period. Historical textures have been in change and transformation in the Malatya region, as in every region of Anatolia. However, Malatya has largely lost its traditional houses and texture due to many reasons such as rapid urbanization, unconsciousness, rent, and the destructive effect of time. In this study, which was prepared by addressing this problem, Fuzzy Logic and AHP (Analytical Hierarchy Process) analysis system was used in order to evaluate the authenticity of civil architectural examples located in traditional tissue pieces in the urban area of Malatya and to protect these structures. Thus, it is aimed to develop an authenticity assessment method together with the experts of the subject (conservation experts, architectural historians, art historians). It is aimed to determine the authenticity of the buildings numerically and proportionally with the authenticity evaluation model developed with a systematic setup. Ahmet Kökçü House, located in Yakınca Neighborhood, was chosen as the study area due to reasons such as the fact that it largely preserved its traditional texture as a field study and faced extinction as a result of the rapid urbanization of Malatya's central city wall reaching the border of Yeşilyurt district. With the authenticity assessment model developed in this context, the authenticity of the building was determined by experts and suggestions were made for the preservation of the building.

Beyond the walls: the design and development of the Petralona Cave virtual museum utilising 3D technologies

The Petralona Cave, which local inhabitants discovered by chance in 1959, is a remarkable natural and cultural landmark close to the village of Petralona, in the Chalkidiki peninsula of Greece. The site has gained global recognition for the discovery of a remarkably well-preserved Palaeolithic human skull, unearthed in 1960; it also holds archaeological and palaeontological significance. In this paper, the researchers introduce the Petralona Cave Virtual Museum: an innovative project whose mission is to increase public awareness and comprehension of the site. Our approach goes beyond mere replication of the physical museum located close to the cave; instead, the objective is to create an independent and comprehensive experience that is accessible to all visitors, irrespective of their ability to visit the site in person. Our methodology involved the documentation of the site and its history, analysis of user requirements, development of use cases to steer the design process, as well as architectural designs creation, itineraries and findings digitisation, and architectural structure finalisation. The Virtual Museum provides a well-organised frame structure that serves as an efficient gateway to the content, making navigation easy for visitors. Thanks to various presentation methods, including videos, high-quality images, interactive maps, animated content, interactive 3D models, plus searchable item libraries, among others, users are empowered to create a highly personalised navigation plan; thus the Virtual Museum experience is comparable to visiting the physical museum or cultural site. Cutting-edge digitisation techniques were employed to create highly detailed 3D models of the site. The Petralona Cave Virtual Museum is expected to offer an immersive experience, engaging diverse audiences; the interactive and educational exploration provides highly innovative access to archaeological knowledge. The visibility of the Petralona site is amplified and there is a significant contribution to knowledge dissemination about this important cultural heritage site.

돌하르방을 응용한 텍스타일 디자인 개발

Dol hareubang is the important cultural heritage of the Republic of Korea, which is listed on the UNESCO World Heritage List. As the medium of formative arts activities with strategic and aesthetic values for global competitiveness, it has its own cultural uniqueness. This study attempted to develop scalable textile design as cultural contents by analyzing the values and formative aspects of dol hareubang patterns with traditional motives. For this, the symbolicity and formative characteristics of the cultural heritage were analyzed through literature and visual resources. Based on the results, practical design was created through reanalysis. For example, dol hareubang textile patterns were expressed in an active and vibrant fashion, reflecting manly, dynamic and moderate aspects. The eyes, nose, lip and body of the guardian statue were reconstructed in a one-repeat form through distortion, repetition, uniformity and exaggeration, completing 5 different textile designs. The results reveal that the expressive attributes, classification characteristics, formative expression elements, specific formative factors and symbolic meaning of dol hareubang can be expanded to cultural contents. From the reanalysis of traditional Korean culture, the dynamic and humorous aspects of the stone statue can create the differentiated values of Korean traditional culture through the expansion of Korean traditional patterns.

A Research to Determine the Perception of the Tangible Cultural Architectural Heritage of Erzurum Castle and Its Surroundings in Turkey

The city center of Erzurum in the east of Turkey, Erzurum province, has structures with origins from the Anatolian Seljuk and Ilkhanid Periods to the present day, including the “Erzurum Castle”, “Ulu Mosque”, “Double Minaret Madrasa”, “Yakutiye Madrasa”, and “Three Kumbets.” It is home to one of the most important cultural heritages of Eastern Anatolia in history and faith tourism. Erzurum can be considered as the cradle of many cultures and civilizations with its deep historical past. Restoration (renovation) works around these monuments, which also contribute to the city’s identity, are important in terms of preserving historical monuments for the future. In this study, the importance of landscape projects and housing restorations in the city and its surroundings, in terms of harmony with the historical environment and monuments and urban identity, was investigated. In the questionnaire prepared for this purpose, we attempted to determine the perceptions of the protection, appreciation, and contribution aspects of the urban renewal works conducted in the tangible architectural heritage areas centered on Erzurum castle. The questionnaires, which included 5-point Likert-type questions, were distributed to 400 people. We sought the opinions of experts in decision-making mechanisms and academicians, as well as local people. As a result of the study, it has been determined that the city is generally not sensitive enough about the protection of historical neighbourhoods and monuments, and urban transformation projects do not contribute to conservation efforts in terms of conservation, sustainability, and visual perception. In addition, in terms of visual perception, it has been revealed that the newly developing regions of the city do not offer housing projects compatible with the historical environment, and that the relevant studies conducted are insufficient. The study also revealed that Erzurum Castle plays a central role in the perception of the historical environment. In terms of sustainability perception, it was determined that architectural restoration and landscape works have positive effects on cultural tourism, urban attractiveness, sense of belonging, quality of life, and prevention of migration. The prepared questions were divided into three groups: conservation sensitivity and perception, visual perception, and sustainability perception.

Bacterial diversity associated with the Hatay yellow strain silkworm (Bombyx mori L.): Isolation, identification and characterization

The Hatay yellow strain silkworm (Bombyx mori L.), which is in danger of extinction, is one of the most important local cultural heritages of Türkiye. Bacterial pathogens of silkworm are highly destructive and cause mostly acute diseases. The aim of this study was to determine the bacterial diversity and potential pathogenic bacterial species in infected and dead larvae of Hatay yellow race. A total of 16 bacterial isolates from Hatay yellow race were identified according to their morphological, biochemical and molecular characteristics. The bacterial isolates isolated from infected and dead larvae of Hatay yellow race were Staphylococcus sp. (BM-1), Staphylococcus xylosus (BM-5), Staphylococcus succinus (BM-7), Bacillus thuringiensis (BM-8), Bacillus subtilis (BM-9), Bacillus sp. (BM-10), Staphylococcus saprophyticus (BM-16, BM-19), Klebsiella sp. (BM-17), Staphylococcus arlettae (BM-18), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (BM-20), Enterococcus mundtii (BM-21), Pantoea agglomerans (BM-22), Kluyvera intermedia (BM-23), Serratia sp. (BM-24), Mammaliicoccus sciuri (BM-25). The high bacterial density and number of species indicate that Hatay yellow race is highly susceptible to bacterial diseases. Insecticidal activity studies revealed that species belonging to Bacillus and Staphylococcus genera are important pathogens of hybrid silkworm culture and Hatay yellow race.

EDUCATION OF THE YOUNG PEOPLE WITH LOYALTY TO VALUES IS AN IMPORTANT FACTOR OF THE FIGHT AGAINST IDEOLOGICAL THREAT

It is known that ideological influence has become the most effective tool of geopolitics. Values can play an important role in countering ideological threats by providing alternative models of behavior and thinking. They develop critical thinking, analysis and self-awareness, help people to understand the impact of ideological threats on their lives and their impact. The role of Uzbek national values in the cultural and social identity of the people of Uzbekistan. plays an important role in formation. These include respect for the elderly, family values, national dishes, arts and crafts, national dress and dance, as well as unique traditions and customs. The preservation and transmission of these values is important forthe cultural heritage and social cohesion of Uzbekistan. The article discusses the role of education of young people in the fight against ideological threats.

An Analysis of Rural Tourism Development Strategy under Cultural and Tourism Integration -- Taking Tunpu of Anshun as an Example

Tunpu is a unique form of folk residence in Anshun area, Guizhou province, which has a long history and profound cultural connotation (Yang & Zheng, 2003). Tunpu culture is an important cultural heritage of Guizhou Province, and also a tourism card of Anshun City. This paper introduces the basic situation of Tunpu culture in terms of its history, characteristics, types and values, analyzes the relationship and function between Tunpu culture and tourism development, probes into the problems and challenges faced by the development of Tunpu culture and tourism, and puts forward countermeasures and suggestions for the development of Tunpu culture and tourism.

Diversity and composition of microbial communities in Jinsha earthen site under different degree of deterioration

Earthen sites are the important cultural heritage that carriers of human civilization and contains abundant history information. Microorganisms are one of important factors causing the deterioration of cultural heritage. However, little attention has been paid to the role of biological factors on the deterioration of earthen sites at present. In this study, microbial communities of Jinsha earthen site soils with different deterioration types and degrees as well as related to environmental factors were analyzed. The results showed that the concentrations of Mg2+ and SO42− were higher in the severe deterioration degree soils than in the minor deterioration degree soils. The Chao1 richness and Shannon diversity indices of bacteria in different type deterioration were higher in the summer than in the winter; the Chao1 and Shannon indices of fungi were lower in the summer. The differences in bacterial and fungal communities were associated with differences in Na+, K+, Mg2+ and Ca2+ contents. Based on both the relative abundances in amplicon sequencing and isolated strains, the bacterial phyla Actinobacteria, Firmicutes and Proteobacteria, and the Ascomycota genera Aspergillus, Cladosporium and Penicillium were common in all soils. The OTUs enriched in the severe deterioration degree soils were mostly assigned to Actinobacteria and Proteobacteria, whereas the Firmicutes OTUs differentially abundant in the severe deterioration degree were all depleted. All bacterial isolates produced alkali, implying that the deterioration on Jinsha earthen site may be accelerated through alkali production. The fungal isolates included both alkali and acid producing strains. The fungi with strong ability to produce acid were mainly from the severe deterioration degree samples and were likely to contribute to the deterioration. Taken together, the interaction between soil microbial communities and environment may affect the soil deterioration, accelerate the deterioration process and threaten the long-term preservation of Jinsha earthen site.

Monument Tracker: Deep Learning Approach for Indian Heritage

Abstract: Monuments are physical structures built to commemorate a person or event. Their importance to the region necessitates their documentation and upkeep. Due to the many variations in how various monuments are built, monument recognition is a challenging task in the field of picture classification. The various angles of the building are critical in identifying the monuments in photographs. As more international landmarks and monuments are covered, there is a greater need to connect a structure's physical presence to its digital presence. As a result, the monument's automated recognition is enabled. Monuments represent the culturally rich legacy of people of all ethnicities, castes, and faiths. It reflects tremendous achievements in art and architecture, and it also serves as the backbone of the surrounding region's socioeconomic progress through tourism. As an important historical and cultural heritage asset, the monument must be digitally recognized and archived. The monument photographs should be identified and described to aid in the preservation of people's cultures from various locations. The goal of this project is to present a method for classifying different monuments based on the characteristics of the monument photographs. Machine Learning and Deep Learning are advancing, speeding up advances in image recognition and allowing computer vision to reach new heights. The results with Baseline Model had an overall accuracy of 73.2%. After using Transfer Learning, we achieved an overall accuracy of 94.5% with VGG16 Architecture, Inception with an accuracy of 91.2% and Resnet50 with an accuracy of 85.5%.

Study on Protection and Development of County Traditional Villages Group from the Perspective of All-for-one Tourism in the New Period

Traditional villages are the historical memory of the Chinese nation, the essence of China's farming civilization, and also important historical and cultural heritage and tourism resources. Scholars at home and abroad have conducted in-depth research on the protection and development of traditional villages from various angles, but these studies lack the direction of traditional villages group in regional counties. The development of all-for-one tourism is a new concept and model for the protection and development of traditional villages in the new era. This paper attempts to apply the theory of all-for-one tourism to explore the path of protection and development of traditional villages group in the county. Traditional villages group in Tongjiang County, Sichuan Province were selected as the research area, and analyzed from the aspects of elements of traditional village cultural resources, opportunities and difficulties of protection and development, etc. Based on data analysis, a series of regional protection and development paths were proposed, including seizing policy opportunities, improving the special planning of all-for-one tourism, deeply strengthening the integration of agriculture, culture and tourism, mining the cultural connotation of villages, and cultivating villagers' main consciousness, are proposed to realize the sustainable development of the traditional village groups in the county.

Industries and crafts in Baghdad during the second Abbasid era 232-861 AD / 334 AH-946 AD

This study aims to address an important cultural heritage, which is the industrial and craft achievements in the city of Baghdad, who are the people of industries, crafts, and artisans who lived during the Second Abbasid Era (334-447 AH/945-1055 AD). Because this group played a role in political, economic and social stability at the same time. The study dealt with the issue of the regulations in place among craftsmen and craftsmen within sects that followed a specific professional hierarchy and binding rules for people of one craft. The study also addressed the economic and social role of craftsmen and the extent of its impact on political stability in the city of Baghdad. In summary; In the second Abbasid era, Iraq witnessed a development in industries and crafts, as several factors helped in its activity, including the availability of various raw materials, as well as commercial activity that provided the industry with raw materials, so multiple industries were established that included various cities, each of which specialized in A specific quality that you are famous for, each This helped the industry flourish at the internal and external levels, such that the Iraqi product reached different regions of the world.

Research on character tone trend clustering of Kunqu Opera based on quantum adaptive genetic algorithm

Abstract Kunqu, one of the oldest forms of Chinese opera, features a unique artistic expression arising from the interplay between vocal melody and the tonal quality of its lyrics. Identifying Kunqu’s character tone trend (vocal melodies derived from tonal quality of the lyrics) is critical to understanding and preserving this art form. Traditional research methods, which rely on qualitative descriptions by musicologists, have often been debated due to their subjective nature. In this study, we present a novel approach to analyze the character tone trend in Kunqu by employing computer modeling machine learning techniques. By extracting the character tone trend of Kunqu using computational modeling methods and employing machine learning techniques to apply cluster analysis on Kunqu’s character tone melody, our model uncovers musical structural patterns between singing and speech, validating and refining the qualitative findings of musicologists. Furthermore, our model can automatically assess whether a piece adheres to the rhythmic norms of ‘the integration of literature and music’ in Kunqu, thus contributing to the digitization, creation, and preservation of this important cultural heritage.

Visitors' experiences of UNESCO World Heritage Site: evidence from Göbeklitepe, Türkiye

PurposeThis study seeks to investigate and discuss the heritage experiences of both domestic and international visitors at Göbeklitepe UNESCO World Heritage Site in Türkiye.Design/methodology/approachA qualitative research approach was adopted in the current study. TripAdvisor's comments and reviews of both domestic (n = 519) and international (n = 186) visitors regarding their visits to Göbeklitepe were collected. The data were then subjected to content analysis by MAXQDA as qualitative data analysis software. Additionally, an abductive research approach, which consisted of three stages, was implemented for data analysis.FindingsThe three aspects of visitor experiences at Göbeklitepe, including cognitive, emotional and relational experiences were found and discussed. Additionally, commonalities and differences among domestic and international visitors in terms of the heritage experience they gained from their visit to Göbeklitepe were revealed and analyzed.Practical implicationsBased on the findings regarding the main aspects of heritage experiences at Göbeklitepe, including cognitive, emotional and relational experiences, site managers and destination marketers can create effective marketing strategies that focus on those characteristics to attract visitors to the site. Moreover, the study can guide destination marketers to develop targeted marketing campaigns that highlight the different historical and religious significance of the site for both groups of domestic and international visitors.Originality/valueFirst, the study affirms that Göbeklitepe is an important and impressive cultural heritage site due to its historical significance to both domestic and international visitors. It also strengthens the multifaceted nature of heritage experiences. Especially, the evidence of relational heritage experiences, including the connectedness to heritage and the sense of belonging to the visitor community, enriches the literature of heritage experience in this regard.