Implicit Meanings Research Articles

Linguistic Modelling of Possible Worlds in English Netspeak Discussions

The authors of the article use the semantics of possible worlds as a theoretical basis for the research into English-speaking linguistic creative activity of Netspeak participants, who develop and verbalize mutually stipulated and interdependent mental constructs. The teaser-trailers of The Little Mermaid, Snow White, Peter Pan and Wendy trigger spectators’ discussion and creativity. Having watched the videos Internet users write comments in which they use linguistic and extra linguistic means to express their opinion. Thus, they embody two types of axiologically opposed possible worlds (PW) that fit in the general assessment dichotomy “good – bad”. A PW gets the positive assessment if it meets the addressee’s expectations and the pre-established genre canon. A PW gets the negative assessment if it differs in some aspects from what the spectator hoped to see. The article deals exclusively with the linguistic aspect of the comments. The results of the research show that the above-mentioned PWs are embodied either by universal assessment utterances whose pattern suits both PWs or special assessment utterances whose pattern suits only one of the PWs. Participants of the discussion use both explicit and implicit linguistic means to express their opinion. However, they use more varied expressive means to embody the negatively assessed mental construct. The utterances with the content that contradicts “the encyclopedia of the real world” (counter fact utterances) are of special interest because their authors resort to a strict structural and semantic pattern to express the disagreement with the political correctness and censorship.

Masalah dalam Terjemahan Majāz Mursal al-Quran: Analisis Terhadap Hubungan Ĩtibār mā sayakūn

Majāz mursal is one of al-Majāz's styles in Arabic rhetoric sciences. It contains an implicit or implied meaning that is not explicitly stated. The literal approach will lead to the loss of the implicit meaning in majāz mursal. Therefore, this study aims to compare the approach used by several translation texts in the translation of synecdoche in Quranic discourse specific to the relationship of the event that will occur (ĩtibār mā sayakūn) to see the equivalence of the actual meaning found in the Quran with the target text. This study is qualitative library research for adopting content analysis methods and purposive sampling techniques. This study's primary data source was collected from al-Burhān fĩ 'Ulum al-Quran. Four translation texts of the Quran by Hidayah House of Quran, Karya Bestari, Abdullah Basmeih, and Yayasan Restu are used as a corpus to examine the approaches of translation used by the four texts. Data analysis of the selected translation is based on the theory of explicitation introduced by Vinay & Darbelnet (1995) and the explicitation technique presented by Murtisari (2016). To measure the accuracy and compatibility of resource language messages with the target language, interpretation of the book of tafsĩr are referred to, such as al-Kashshāf by Al-Zamakhsyarĩ, al-Jalālain by Al-Suyūti, An'war At-Tanzĩl wa Asrāru At-Ta'wĩl by Baydhāwi, Al-Tashĩl lĩ 'Ulum al-Tanzĩl by Ibn Juzayy, al-Tahrĩr Wa Tanwĩr by Ibn' Asyur, Jami'ul Bayān by Al-Tabarĩ, Fĩ Zilāl al-Quran by Syed Qutb and Tafsĩr al-Munĩr by Wahbah Zuhailĩ. This study shows that two (2) of the five (5) (data) have shown the use of applying the explicitation strategy. It can reveal the implicit meaning that exists in the language style of majāz mursal from the relationship related to things that will happen (ĩtibar mā sayakūn) compared to the literal translation method.

Computer Analysis of Scientific Texts to Identify Ideological Narratives

This article is devoted to the problem of identifying hidden ideological attitudes in scientific articles on economics, as well as defining methods for analyzing the ideological landscape of Russian economic science. The problem of this review article lies in the absence of a developed generally accepted approach to the textual analysis of scientific publications. Thus, there is an extremely wide list of methods that can be used in this case. Nevertheless, the development of the most effective methodology requires a comprehensive analysis of existing approaches individually and a comparison of each of them with the others. The authors associate the solution of the problem of choice in the presence of several approaches and a variety of methods with the definition of such a basis that would allow the formation of a methodology that includes ideological classification within the framework of economic scientific literature, the use of computational linguistics tools, in particular natural language processing, in addition to classical narrative analysis tools to identify "ideological narratives". In this regard, the methods of identifying implicit meanings in economic texts are considered in detail. The proposed tools can be used in further research on this or related topics.

A Study on Subtitling Translation from a Multimodal Pragmatic Perspective: A Case Study of the English Subtitles of Return to Dust

Return to Dust is an outstanding mainland Chinese film that was nominated for the Golden Bear at the Berlin International Film Festival. This paper, using the theories of conversational implicature and the relevance principle, explores the implicit meanings in the film's subtitles from a multimodal perspective. It also examines whether the subtitling translation of the film is reasonable and appropriate. The paper argues that the subtitling translation should pay more attention to the cultural context of the dialogues and the pragmatic ambiguities within the film. By doing so, it can better convey the plot and adopt more suitable translation techniques and methods.

Exploring the implicit meanings of 'cultural diversity': a critical conceptual analysis of commonly used approaches in medical education.

Existing approaches to cultural diversity in medical education may be implicitly based on different conceptualisations of culture. Research has demonstrated that such interpretations matter to practices and people concerned. We therefore sought to identify the different conceptualisations espoused by these approaches and investigated their implications for education. We critically reviewed 52 articles from eight top medical education journals and subjected these to a conceptual analysis. Via open coding, we looked for references to approaches, their objectives, implicit notions of culture, and to implementation practices. We iteratively developed themes from the collected findings. We identified several approaches to cultural diversity teaching that used four different ways to conceptualise cultural diversity: culture as 'fixed patient characteristic', as 'multiple fixed characteristics', as 'dynamic outcome impacting social interactions', and as 'power dynamics'. We discussed the assumptions underlying these different notions, and reflected upon limitations and implications for educational practice. The notion of 'cultural diversity' challenges learners' communication skills, touches upon inherent inequalities and impacts how the field constructs knowledge. This study adds insights into how inherent inequalities in biomedical knowledge construction are rooted in methodological, ontological, and epistemological principles. Although these insights carry laborious implications for educational implementation, educators can learn from first initiatives, such as: standardly include information on patients' multiple identities and lived experiences in case descriptions, stimulate more reflection on teachers' and students' own values and hierarchical position, acknowledge Western epistemological hegemony, explicitly include literature from diverse sources, and monitor diversity-integrated topics in the curriculum.

COGNITIVE ORGANISATION OF LITERARY IMAGE: METAPHORICAL FRAMING

Topicality of studying the artistic image, its ontological status and complex of functions in the paradigm of modern linguistics is determined by the need to understand the specifics of an artistic text as a result of the verbal and mental activity of the author and the receptive-interpretative activity of the reader in the process of aesthetic communication. An artistic image embodies the main qualities of an artistic text – its conceptual inability to reflect objective reality within the framework of conventionality or life-like strategies. A literary text appeals to the network of associative connections that arise for the addressee of an aesthetic statement in the process of perceiving such a text on the basis of everyday and spiritual experience, background knowledge, including those determined by the general cultural outlook of the individual. In the process of research, it was proven that an artistic image arises in the process of abstraction and in an artistic text can be realised through metaphors, as a result of which the reader gets the opportunity to decode implicit meanings with the help of visual representations and verbalise them. Based on the texts of novels by Vladimir Orlov “Danilov, the Violist”, “Pharmacist” and “Shevrikuka” it is established that the cognitive organisation of an artistic image is determined by metaphorical framing, which forms the foundation of artistic fiction: there is a transfer by similarity in relation to situations, events, characteristics of characters represented in artistic text, and knowledge, values and meanings that form the foundation of the addressee’s worldview.

An alternative theoretical approach to develop a new conception about pain in people with dementia

The theoretical approach presented in this paper describes a novel experimental-theoretical methodology to conceptualise pain in people with dementia. Existing procedures for assessment of pain rely on subjective self-report using...

Critical Discourse Analysis of Brunei's English Mainstream Media Perceptions on the Laos-China Railway

This study aims to comprehensively analyze the coverage of the Laos-China Railway project by mainstream media in Brunei and its impact on public perception. Utilizing web scraping tools such as Octoparse and Heritrix, this paper systematically collected relevant reporting data from two major English news platforms in Brunei, the Borneo Bulletin and Brunei News. Quantitative tools such as AntConc and Excel were employed to process and analyze the data, revealing the frequency, temporal distribution, and emotional orientation of the reports. The qualitative component utilized Critical Discourse Analysis (CDA) to delve into the language use, discourse structure, and implicit meanings within the reports, further exploring how the media shapes the social reality and public cognition of the Laos-China Railway topic.The findings indicate that Brunei media not only frequently and comprehensively report on the Laos-China Railway project but also cover the project's political, economic, environmental, and social implications from multiple perspectives. Additionally, the media coverage reflects a keen awareness of the project's potential risks and a positive appraisal of its developmental benefits. The novelty of this research lies in its mixed-methodological approach and unique perspective on public opinion cognition, providing insights for policymakers on public opinion guidance and project promotion, as well as offering a rich theoretical and methodological reference for the academic community.

Intonation Analysis of the Self/Other Representation in Bush’s Speech

Intonation is one of the most important suprasegmental features, which conveys communicative strategies in political language. It is essential in reflecting the implicit meaning since it shows the movement of pitch or patterns of melody as well as the multiple movements used by people’s voice in speech .This study fills the gap in a literature as it aims to investigate the types of information tones used in shaping the discursive strategies of other/self in Bush’s speech after September 11 attacks based on an eclectic model of Van Dijk's (2006) model of ideological square and Brazil’s (1997) model of discourse intonation. The data is collected qualitatively and a mixed method is used to analyze the results of this study. The major findings show that Bush used commonly the proclaiming with a (fall) tone in shaping many discursive strategies to represent the image of “US” (selves) positively than the image of “THEM” (others) negatively in order to add more and new information and attract the attention of Americans and manipulate and motivate them against terrorists, particularly Muslim people. It is hoped that such a study helps to enhance learners’ understanding of speakers’ intended meaning, since it focuses on showing the tonal types of the social and cognitive traits of the politician in question.

Talking About Suffering in the Intensive Care Unit

Background Some have hypothesized that talk about suffering can be used by clinicians to motivate difficult decisions, especially to argue for reducing treatment at the end of life. We examined how talk about suffering is related to decision-making for critically ill patients, by evaluating transcripts of conversations between clinicians and patients’ families. Methods We conducted a secondary qualitative content analysis of audio-recorded family meetings from a multicenter trial conducted in the adult intensive care units of five hospitals from 2012–2017 to look at how the term “suffering” and its variants were used. A coding guide was developed by consensus-oriented discussion by four members of the research team. Two coders independently evaluated each transcript. We followed an inductive approach to data analysis in reviewing transcripts; findings were iteratively discussed among study authors until consensus on key themes was reached. Results Of 146 available transcripts, 34 (23%) contained the word “suffer” or “suffering” at least once, with 58 distinct uses. Clinicians contributed 62% of first uses. Among uses describing the suffering of persons, 57% (n = 24) were related to a decision, but only 42% (n = 10) of decision-relevant uses accompanied a proposal to limit treatment, and only half of treatment-limiting uses (n = 5) were initiated by clinicians. The target terms had a variety of implicit meanings, including poor prognosis, reduced functioning, pain, discomfort, low quality of life, and emotional distress. Suffering was frequently attributed to persons who were unconscious. Conclusions Our results did not support the claim that the term “suffering” and its variants are used primarily by clinicians to justify limiting treatment, and the terms were not commonly used in our sample when decisions were requested. Still, when these terms were used, they were often used in a decision-relevant fashion.

The Defeat of the Arabs in Nizar Qabbani's "Hawamish 'ala Daftar an-Naksah" Poem (Roland Barthes Semiotics Study)

This study aims to describe the Arab defeat implied in the poem "Hawāmish 'ala Daftar an-Naksah" by Nizar Qabbani through the process of translation and in-depth analysis. This research uses a qualitative-descriptive method by observing existing data, looking for patterns of relationships with various concepts, analyzing, then providing understanding and explanation. The data were collected through literature study and internet search, then analyzed using Roland Barthes' semiotic theory. The results of this study show that from the analysis of 12 stanzas of poetry, denotation and connotation meanings were found that reflect the defeat of the Arabs. Through this analysis, it is hoped that readers can understand the poem "Hawamish 'ala Daftar an-Naksah" both from its literal meaning and implicit meaning.

Perancangan UI/UX Game Environment Crime Case

A game is a game that aims to entertain and has an implicit meaning in it. A person can get entertainment by playing games as a medium of entertainment. This environment criminal case game presents a game with the theme of environmental damage with a casual genre of investigating the causes of environmental damage. With the presence of this game, it is hoped that players will understand the implied meaning so that they can participate in protecting the environment in accordance with the theme of this game. The method used is design thinking with five stages, namely Empethize, Define, Idea, Prototype and Test.

Equipped for responsibility? Discursive resources in business education for sustainability – an analytical tool

To transform society in a more sustainable direction we not only need specific knowledge, skills and attitudes, but also discursive resources that enable the seeing of alternative ways of living. This paper analyses such discursive resources as used in educational practice, and presents an analytical tool to facilitate further environment and sustainability education research. The identification of discursive resources is facilitated by the concept ‘companion-meanings’ referring to implicit meanings that ‘accompany’ or ‘follow’ teaching and learning in a particular subject. Results from four studies (based on discourse analysis of textbooks, teacher interviews and teacher-student interactions in classroom practice of business education) about the expectations of a ‘responsible business person’ are analysed resulting in three categories of companion-meanings relating to expectations of a business person: ‘adapting to’, ‘adding’ and ‘creating’ ethical values. In a second step, these categories of companion meanings are analysed using a typology of responsibility. The results illuminate the diverging and often contradictory companion-meanings of a ‘good’ business professional in educational practice and discuss the implications for how business students are equipped to address sustainability issues. Lastly, an analytical tool for identifying these companion-meanings in educational practice is presented.

Моделирование импликативной семантики ландшафтных номинаций в предложении (на материале немецкого языка)

The purpose of the study is to identify the relationship of the implicative semantics of landscape nominations with logical and grammatical types of sentences and to build models of implication of additional meanings of landscape nominations on this basis. The article explores the concept of implicative semantics and investigates how the logical and grammatical structure of German sentences relates to the implicit meanings of landscape-related terms found within them. These implicit meanings are derived from German linguistic culture. The scientific novelty of the study consists in the fact that for the first time the implicative semantics of landscape nominations is modeled in connection with the logical and grammatical types of the German sentence. As a result, based on the corpus data of the Digital Dictionary of the German Language, sentences containing nominations of large landscape forms are analyzed. The specifics of the semantic roles of landscape nominations in four main types of German sentences are described. The speaker's predicative connections with landscape objects and their implicative potential in German linguoculture are systematized. Models of the formation of the implicative meaning of landscape nominations are presented in the form of four types of frames: action, procedural, evaluative and the frame of "inclusion of the singular into the particular". The necessity of taking into account the speaker's intention in interpreting the implicative meaning in different types of discourse is shown.

Proverbs Translation Techniques from English into Arabic among Jordanian University Students

Proverbs are essential component of everyday language, and they offer a fascinating insight into cultures. They are short sayings of public wisdom with cultural origin and figurative meanings, known by native speakers and used in specific situations. The reason behind the importance of translating proverbs precisely is that they are an effective and powerful instrument for the transmission of culture, social morality, manners, traditional wisdoms, historical incidents, and thoughts of people from one generation to another. The main difficulty in translating proverbs lies in their metaphorical nature, as they are culture-bound expressions and carry an implicit meaning that goes beyond the literal meaning. This study aims to investigate the translation techniques used by the students of translation at Jordanians universities in translating English proverbs into Arabic. The study is qualitative by nature, but a quantitative analysis was carried out to calculate the frequencies of the employed techniques. In this case study, forty students were engaged as participants using a purposive sampling method. They were given a translation test to recognize the employed techniques in translating 10 proverbs. The analysis revealed that the used techniques in order were using a proverb of similar meaning but different form, using a proverb of similar meaning and form, and translation by paraphrase came in the last position. The study is significant in raising the students’ awareness of the best techniques in translating proverbs for future translation works. The study has implications on translators to give emphasis on the language and cultural perspectives in translating culture-bound expressions to achieve successful communication between cultures.

SEMANTIC AND PRAGMATIC ASPECTS OF MODELING THE IMAGE OF A RUSSIAN ADVOCATE (BASED ON THE JOURNAL “RUSSIAN ADVOCATE”)

The article presents the results of a linguopragmatic study of explicit and implicit means used by journalists of law-related corporate mass media to model the positive image of a modern Russian lawyer. The author observes that at present there is a social need to replace deeply rooted negative stereotypes about lawyers/advocates in the collective consciousness, since it is the representatives of the law who form patterns of law-abiding behavior. Mass media play a significant role in forming images of lawyers whom many Russian citizens rarely meet in person. Analyzed interviews with lawyers and lawyer biographies enable the recipients to learn more not only about the professional activities but also about personal life and inner world of lawyers, thus, demonstrating a great potential in modeling their images. The article highlights and analyzes three aspects that, in the author’s opinion, are of greatest importance for creating a positive image of a lawyer in modern Russian society

Does Dyadic Practice Interfere with the Type of Motor Learning Promoted by Analogy Instructions?

We investigated whether allowing individuals to exchange verbal information during dyadic practice changed the effect of analogy instructions intended to strengthen explicit motor learning by an implicit means. Forty-three right-handed college students performed golf putting, aiming at a target three meters away. Participants were assigned to one of two groups: Dyadic Practice Analogy Instruction or Individual Practice Analogy Instruction. Participants in the Dyadic Practice group were allowed to communicate with one another about the task during their practice. Before practice, participants performed a working memory capacity test. Both groups performed 180 trials of golf distributed across three days. On each day, there were four blocks of 15 trials. On the third day, participants reported the explicit rules they used to learn the task and they completed the Intrinsic Motivation Inventory. On the fourth day, they took three learning tests: retention, dual-task transfer, and social pressure transfer tests. Results of the retention test indicated that both groups learned the task comparably. Similarly, there were no significant group differences between the participants' number of explicit rules learned and their motivation levels on either of the transfer tests. Finally, only the participants in the Dyadic Practice Analogy Group showed a significant correlation between their performance on the dual-task transfer test and their working memory capacity. Overall, we found that dyadic practice did not interfere with the implicit type of motor learning promoted by analogy instruction (i.e., implicit learning).

Analisis Konteks Wacana dan Tindak Tutur Pada Cerpen ‘Gubrak!' Karya Seno Gumira Ajidarma dalam Kajian Pragmatik

The purpose of this research is to 1) find out and classify the context of the discourse on the Cerpen Gubrak! by Seno Gumira Ajidarma, 2) classification of submissions to each type, and 3) describe the mandate/massage of the meaning contained in the short story on students’ character education. This research uses qualitative descriptive research methods and data analysis techniques using literature study techniques, and data collection is by searching library sources (cerpen) from the internet, then reading and recording for data analysis purposes, then analysing research data. The results of the research on the Cerpen Gubrak! by Seno Gumira Ajidarma have implicit meanings so that researchers find meaning and respect that we can learn for everyday life as a form of appreciation and experience for both researchers and readers. Based on the results of the study, the researchers classified the analytical data found to each element and described the meaning contained in the context of the discourse. The results of the follow-up analysis data based on the above data are 2 locations, 3 illusions, and 5 perlocations.

Students' Difficulty in Understanding Problems in the Contextual Problem-Solving Process

The main procedure that students need to master in the problem-solving process is understanding the problem before proceeding to the next steps. This research aims to investigate students' difficulties and the factors causing these difficulties in understanding the problem. This research is qualitative in nature and is based on the philosophy of phenomenology. The research was conducted in an eighth-grade class at one of the Junior High Schools in Bandung, consisting of 28 students. Data collection techniques included tests, interviews, and think-aloud methods. The data collection instruments used were tests and interview guides. The tests used in this research had been previously validated for content, construct, and face validity by mathematics education experts. Data analysis in qualitative research involves data reduction, data presentation, and drawing conclusions. The findings of this research indicate that the difficulties faced by students in understanding the problem include difficulties in comprehending language, difficulties in grasping both explicit and implicit meanings, difficulties in identifying the necessary information, and difficulties in connecting meanings. The main factors causing students' difficulties in understanding the problem are a lack of careful reading skills and a lack of understanding of the concepts held by students.

PENGGUNAAN MOTIF DAN ORNAMENTASI CINA DALAM PEMBINAAN RUMAH WARISAN: KAJIAN KE ATAS RUMAH DEMANG ABDUL GHANI

The Demang Abdul Ghani House is a heritage residence that has been gazetted as a museum under the Malacca State Heritage Department. Built at the end of the 18th century, this house holds high artistic value as it incorporates a mix of diverse motifs and architectural styles, including English, Javanese, Portuguese, Dutch, and Chinese. However, this study focuses solely on the Chinese motifs and ornamentation present in the house. The first objective of this research is to examine the forms of Chinese motifs and ornamentation found in the house. The second objective is to explore the underlying meanings behind the use of these Chinese motifs in the house. This study employs observational methods to collect data and descriptive methods to interpret each motif. The findings reveal that the Chinese motifs and ornamentation in the house fall into three categories: floral, animal, and cosmic. All these motifs are interrelated and possess implicit meanings believed to bring benefits and prosperity to the house's occupants, according to Chinese philosophy and culture.