Implementation Of Management Policies Research Articles

An Analysis of Joint Forest Management in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan Through Strength, Weakness, Opportunity and Threat Lens

ABSTRACT Participatory development aims to polish the management practices of institutions and communities in sustaining natural resources. This study focuses on how Joint Forest Management (JFM) has provided opportunities to the forest departments and communities for sustainable management of the forests and what challenges have been faced while implementing JFM in Siran valley of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa. By applying a mixed method approach, a total of 169 (120 male and 49 female) respondents including 23 forest department officials and the community members; JFM committees’ heads, forest owners and users, and key respondents. The strengths, weakness, opportunities, and threats (SWOT) framework along with the analytic hierarchy process (AHP) model were applied to analyze the primary data. The results show that the strength and opportunity factors are inclined toward JFM if the institutional setup is utilized appropriately. Strength factors such as income generating activities are visible, thus forest income plays a vital role in livelihood diversification and improvement. Trust building is the most powerful opportunity among communities’ perspectives in terms of awareness about JFM. Weaknesses are found in the management plan and policy implementation on behalf of the community and forest department. In addition, low female participation and elite capture scored the biggest threat.

Bridging policy and development: Implementing merit-based civil service management for dynamic governance in West Java

This study aims to identify and the implementation of ASN Management policies on career development aspects based on the merit system in the West Java Provincial Government and 6 Regency/City Governments in West Java Province. The failure of the institutionalization of the meritocratic system in ASN career development is partly triggered by the symptoms of the appointment or selection of officials in the central and regional levels not based on their professionalism or competence except for subjective considerations, political ties, close relationships and even bribery. This study uses a qualitative method with a descriptive approach. The operationalization concept in this study uses Merilee S. Grindle’s Policy Implementation theory which consists of dimensions of policy content and its implementation context. The factors that cause the implementation of the policy to be less than optimal include: 1. Uneven understanding of meritocracy; 2. Slowness/unpreparedness in synchronizing central and regional rules/policies; 3. The information integration system between the center and regions has not yet been implemented; 4. Limited supporting infrastructure; 5. Limited permits for related officials; 6. Transparency; 7. Collaboration across units/agencies; 8. External intervention; 9. Use of information systems/technology. To optimize these factors, an Accelerator of Governmental Unit’s Success (AGUS) model was created, which is a development of the Grindle policy implementation model with the novelty of adding things that influence implementation, including top leader’s commitment and wisdom, effectiveness of talent placement, on-point human development, technology savvy, cross-unit/agency collaboration, and monitoring and evaluation processes.

The Implementation of Human Resource Management Policies in Increasing Student Participation and Engagement in Academic Activities

This research aims to analyze the implementation of Human Resource Management (HRM) policies in increasing student participation and engagement in academic activities at the Faculty of Cultural Management and Business. The study utilized a qualitative approach, including interviews, surveys, and document analysis to gather data. Results indicated that effective HRM policies positively impacted student involvement, particularly through training programs, resource provision, and a supportive learning environment. Key challenges included the gap between theory and practice, along with limited access to advanced training due to time constraints. The findings emphasize the need for continuous evaluation and integration of flexible training opportunities to improve student engagement and academic achievement.

Bank board diversity and environmental risk management: does critical mass matter in project finance decisions?

PurposeThis study investigates the influence of board gender diversity on policy decisions within the banking sector, with a specific focus on the adoption of environmental risk management policies. Drawing on critical mass theory, we provide empirical evidence demonstrating the positive impact of women directors on the implementation of environmental risk management policies aligned with the equator principles (EP) framework.Design/methodology/approachWe analyze data from 540 banks operating in 34 countries over a ten-year period (2013–2022).FindingsOur findings indicate that banks with at least four women directors on their boards are more likely to adopt such policies. Our results remain statistically significant after controlling for endogeneity issues.Practical implicationsThis research advocates for increased female representation on bank boards to foster the adoption of sustainability-focused policies within the banking industry.Originality/valueWe also contribute by providing insights into the role of a diverse board in improving green credit practices among global banks.

MSN Approach Model in the Implementation of Waste Management Policy in Bungo District

This research is motivated by the increasing volume of waste in the market village, but the fleet cannot transport waste every day, especially in community housing areas in two villages, especially in the pasir putih village and batang bungo village. The purpose of this research is to create a recommendation model for the MSN Approach to the Implementation of Waste Management Policies in Bungo Regency, especially in the Pasir Putih Village and Batang Bungo Village. The method used in this research is descriptive with a qualitative approach. The results of the research are changes in attitudes, behavior, and better and positive responsibilities of policy stakeholders in the Mentality Approach category, aspects of the function and organizational structure of implementing waste management policies in each Kelurahan spread across the Rimbo Tengah and Market sub-districts are quite good in the System Approach category, and in the aspect of synergy must be able to build synergy in institutional aspects, program policies and budgeting, human resources, information data and monitoring and evaluation strategies for policies and programs. As for the symbiotic mutualism aspect, it must be based on the principles of mutual need, mutual benefit, and mutual support. From this approach, it can be analyzed that the strategic partnership aspect is still not going well in the Networking Approach aspect.

Scientific geovisualization of the dynamics of Sargassum dispersion and landfall in the Caribbean, based on satellite imagery and numerical forecasts.

This study focuses on the spatial and temporal representation of Sargassum dispersal and landfall dynamics. An automated prototype is developed incorporating the following components: 1) Detection of Sargassum Rafts: Individual sargassum rafts are identified using Sentinel-2 images with a revisiting period of five days. 2) Forecasting/Hindcasting Vector Fields: One-week forecasts (or hindcasts) are obtained at hourly intervals for the primary forces affecting raft movement—currents, tides, waves, and wind—using supercomputing services (Copernicus Marine Service) 3) Lagrangian Simulation: The movement of detected rafts in step 1 is simulated using the vector fields obtained in step 2. For statistical purposes, rafts that land or drift outside the simulation range are logged with details of location, date, and time. 4) Animation Generation: Four animations are produced to visualize: a) Rafts movement, b) Rafts trajectories, c) The dynamics of surface forcings (currents, tides, and waves), and d) The dynamics of above-surface factors (i.e. wind drag, modeled as a percentage of wind speed). 5) Interactive 3D Visualization: All elements are integrated into an interactive globe featuring 3D bathymetry, allowing users to explore sargassum dispersion and landfall predictions (or hindcasts) for specific satellite observation dates. While the prototype shown takes into account all elements of a monitoring system, it should not be considered as an operational early warning system. Further steps, beyond the scope of this study, would be required, including optimization of the remote sensing technique, improvement of the transport simulation methods, and an experimental framework for accuracy assessment. In this study, we present the interactive geovisualization and discuss its potential for improving the scientific understanding of Sargassum dispersal and landfall patterns, as well as its potential for the implementation of coastal management policies. A comparison is made with existing systems, highlighting the limitations and advantages of our approach while discussing its potential for developing a robust Sargassum monitoring and early warning system for the Caribbean Sea.

Biological traits and population dynamics for sustainable harvesting of Carcinus maenas

Research focusing on the biological patterns and population dynamics of Carcinus maenas has not been conducted for the purpose of fishery management along the European coastal systems. This has led to the implementation of fisheries management policies without scientific considerations, adversely affecting fishery profitability. To addrees this gap, we studied the crab species’ population dynamics, reproductive biology, and growth patterns across different Portuguese lagoons and estuaries on a monthly basis from 2019 to 2021. Surveys were performed in the Southern (Ria Formosa lagoon and Ria Alvor estuary), Central (Sado river/estuary) and Northern regions (Ria Aveiro estuary) of Portugal. Monthly biological data was used to analyse size-frequency distributions, sex ratios, spawning seasons, recruitment pulses, estimate carapace width at first maturaty and biological growth parameters. It was observed that spawning occurs almost year-round in all systems, with a peak in the colder months, between September and March. In the southern regions of the Portuguese coast, the spawning period starts earlier than in the central and northern systems, with a higher sex ratio recorded for females in all systems. The carapace width at which 50 % (CW50) of individuals reach maturity is similar for both sexes, around 30 mm, a value below to the minimum landing size enforced in Portugal. The analysis of von Bertalanffy growth curves revealed a continuous recruitment with a peak during the colder months, with individuals reaching the size at maturation after six months. The fast growth and continuous recruitment leds to the existence of between four and six growth cohorts for both sexes across all system. The findings of this study can contribute to more effective fisheries management policies for C. maenas in Portugal, such as a reduction of the minimum landing size.

The ECODRIVE Project: controlling and managing traffic for reducing noise from private road transport.

In order to meet the current pressure from the European Commission on the Member States, in last decades, innovative solutions have been proposed to improve the sustainability of human activities on the territory. In this context, the ECODRIVE Project aims at reducing atmospheric pollution and noise generated by private road transport through the implementation of specific traffic management and control policies, which can encourage users towards more sustainable driving behaviours. In order to demonstrate the effectiveness of these policies, and with the aim of focusing the analysis on the acoustic part of the project, the effects of some policies based on the application of increasingly restrictive speed limits were illustrated. The results showed how careful traffic management can guarantee environmental benefits. In the future, however, it will also be necessary to take into account the side effects of the application of these policies, such as the increase in travel times, which is one of the main disadvantages for road users.

Implementation of tourism village management policies based on Edward III's theory in Bintan Regency to achieve sustainable tourism

Tourism villages have emerged as a crucial source of local income in Bintan Regency, yet the policy implementation for managing these villages faces both practical and theoretical challenges. This research aims to analyze the implementation of public policies in the management of tourist villages in Bintan, using Edward III's theory as a framework. The research employs a descriptive qualitative method, utilizing both secondary data from government documents and primary data collected through interviews with key informants. The findings reveal that although Bintan’s tourism villages are generally managed effectively, several obstacles still hinder their full potential. These challenges include limited human resources, inadequate infrastructure, budgetary constraints, and social conflicts within the community. The study highlights the importance of communication as a key factor in policy implementation, where efficient and effective communication between stakeholders can improve service quality in the tourist villages. It also raises community awareness about the preservation of the environment and local culture, which are vital for attracting tourists. Moreover, the availability of both human and natural resources plays a significant role in enhancing tourist experiences. The attitudes and dispositions of tourism village managers are also essential in fostering an environment that supports environmental conservation and cultural heritage. The research underscores the need for a structured bureaucratic framework, characterized by clear policy hierarchies, active community involvement, government transparency, and better collaboration among agencies. To promote sustainable tourism in Bintan, this study recommends that the government provide training and support to local communities.

FINANCIAL ENGINEERING OR ETHICAL DILEMMA, LITERATURE REVIEW ON PROFIT MANAGEMENT

Earnings management can also directly impact the quality of financial information presented in reports. Inappropriate accounting policy choices or unreasonable adjustments can affect fundamental analysis by investors and financial analysts. The objective of this research is to determine how financial engineering practices contribute to the formulation and implementation of earnings management policies in a company's financial reports, and what their impact is on the reliability of financial information presented to stakeholders. The research also aims to understand the ethical dilemmas associated with financial engineering practices and earnings management as reflected in the literature review. In the literature review structure of this study, a systematic approach is applied to conduct a literature review. The literature selection process begins with determining keywords relevant to the research scope, including terms such as "financial engineering," "ethical dilemmas," "earnings management," and other related concepts. The findings of this research indicate various financial engineering strategies, such as debt restructuring, accounting manipulation, and the use of complex financial instruments, demonstrating companies' creativity in managing their financial aspects. However, this complexity and creativity also pose challenges in interpreting financial reports, raising questions about transparency and corporate accountability. Keywords: financial engineering, earnings management, literature review.

Natural Hazard Assessment in the Southeastern Margin of the Ría de Arosa (Pontevedra, Spain) Using GIS Techniques

The characterization of natural hazards in coastal environments is of great necessity, especially in the current context of global climate change and increasing population concentrations. This research focuses on a multi-hazard analysis of the main geotechnical, geomorphological, hydrological, and lithological risks in the southeastern margin of the Ría de Arosa using Geographic Information System techniques. The integration of geotechnical characterization maps and natural hazard maps has allowed for the identification of areas with a high susceptibility to natural disasters, which is crucial for territorial planning and management in the context of growing urban pressure and global climate change. The results indicate that poorly consolidated surface formations, especially in transitional areas such as dunes and marshes, are particularly vulnerable. Additionally, areas with higher lithological competence have been identified, where slope changes contribute to ground instability. This analysis provides valuable tools for decision-making and the implementation of risk management policies, promoting sustainable development, the protection of coastal ecosystems, and the prevention of risks from urban planning and civil engineering activities in the Ría de Arosa.

IMPLEMENTATION OF STATE OWN GOODS MANAGEMENT IN COORDINATOR MINISTRY OF HUMAN DEVELOPMENT AND CULTURE

Commitment and consistency in managing state property effectively are crucial for ensuring accountability. However, the management of state property across various government institutions is often not treated as a priority. This journal seeks to evaluate how well state property management policies are implemented within the Coordinating Ministry for Human Development and Culture of the Republic of Indonesia. Using a qualitative research method, data were collected through in-depth interviews, observation, documentation, and literature review. Effective management of state property depends on the proper execution of policies, which, in turn, ensures accountability. The findings reveal that the implementation of state property management policies within the ministry has been consistent, particularly in the areas of needs planning, procurement, and administration. Nevertheless, there is a need for a stronger commitment to addressing certain technical aspects of management to further enhance policy effectiveness. Overall, while progress has been made, ongoing improvements are necessary to optimize state property management.

Village Asset Management Policy Implementation In Galagamba Village, Ciwaringin District, Cirebon Regency

This study aims to analyze the management of village assets in Galagamba Village, Ciwaringin District, Regency. In the context of village development, effective asset management is essential to improve community welfare. The research method used is a combination of qualitative and quantitative approaches, with data collection through in-depth interviews, questionnaires, observation, and document analysis. The results showed that village asset management still faces various challenges, including low community participation, weak accountability, and lack of transparency in asset information management. In addition, many assets are poorly inventoried and in need of repair. The impact of this suboptimal management is seen in the social and environmental welfare of the community. Based on the findings, it is recommended to increase the capacity of human resources, open space for community participation, and apply the principle of transparency in asset management. This research provides important insights for village governments in formulating more effective and sustainable policies for village asset management in the future.

دراسة العلاقة بين ثقافة المخاطر واتخاذ القرار في القطاع الشبه حكومي في المملكة العربية السعودية بالتطبيق على الهيئة العامة للأوقاف

The study aimed to identify the relationship between risk culture with its dimensions (implementation of risk management policies and procedures, level of risk awareness) and decision-making with its dimensions (quality of decisions made, support of top management) by applying it to the General Authority for Awqaf as a semi-government sector. The study also sought to assess the level of employees’ awareness in the Authority of the importance of risk management through examining the study dimensions and the relationship between the two variables (risk culture and decision-making). This research followed the descriptive-analytical approach and utilized a questionnaire as a tool for collecting primary data. The study population consisted of employees at the General Authority for Awqaf, totaling 500 participants. A random sample of 217 individuals was studied, and the data analyzed using SPSS and Excel software, employing various statistical methods to test the research hypotheses. The main findings of the research included the following: In the risk culture dimension, the application of risk management policies and procedures received an overall mean of 4.0285 and a standard deviation of 0.0984, while the level of risk awareness dimension received an overall mean of 4.1522 and a standard deviation of 0.1308. In the decision-making dimension, the quality of decisions made received an overall mean of 4.0285 and a standard deviation of 0.0984, while the support of top management dimension received an overall mean of 4.0199 and a standard deviation of 0.92582. The study also found a statistically significant positive relationship between risk culture and decision-making across their respective dimensions. Among the key recommendations of the study were providing the necessary support for risk management from top management to facilitate the implementation of policies and procedures within the organization, ensuring commitment across all management levels, developing a comprehensive strategy to support risk culture within management strategies, as this approach will help unify the vision and enhance integration among departments, thus achieving organizational goals more effectively, and encouraging the utilization of risks as growth opportunities, which would enhance institutional performance.

Assessment of Environmental Pollutants and their Relationship with Chronic Respiratory Disease Exacerbations in Jamshoro: A Cross-Sectional Study

Background: COPD and Asthma are a burden to our society and in a city like Jamshoro having industries and power plants in close vicinity, this becomes a greater concern. The objective of this cross-sectional study was to evaluate the relationship between air quality indices (AQIs) and exacerbations in chronic obstructive respiratory diseases such as asthma and COPD, prevalent among the general population in Jamshoro. Methods: This cross-sectional study, conducted from August 2023 to February 2024 at LUMHS, Jamshoro (ERC approval: 14287/23/081), used purposive sampling to recruit 300 adults with asthma or COPD. Air quality data (PM10, PM2.5, NO2, SO2) were collected, and respiratory outcomes were measured via spirometry and a validated questionnaire. Pearson’s correlation and multiple regression analyzed the association between air quality and exacerbations. Ethical approval and informed consent were obtained. Results: There was a significant inverse relationship between PM10, NO2, and FEV1 (r = -0.45, p < 0.01; r = -0.40, p < 0.01). Chi-square analysis indicated a strong association between AQI categories and exacerbation rates (χ² = 25.6, df = 3, p < 0.001). Multiple regression showed that PM10 and NO2 were significant independent predictors of respiratory exacerbation (β = 0.049, p < 0.01; β = 0.038, p < 0.01). Conclusion: The study underscores the adverse respiratory health consequences of poor air quality in Jamshoro and recommends the implementation of effective air quality management policies.

Burden of Chronic Kidney Disease for Adults 70 Years and Older in Iran During 1990-2021

Objectives: To report the burden of chronic kidney disease (CKD) among those aged 70 and above in Iran by age, sex, and province from 1990 to 2021. Design: Systematic analysis. Outcome measures: Data were obtained from the Global Burden of Disease study 2021. All estimates were reported as counts and age-standardized rates per 100000 individuals, with their corresponding 95% uncertainty intervals (UIs). Results: In 2021, CKD recorded an age-standardized prevalence of approximately 44 thousand per 100000 population among adults 70 years and older in Iran (95% UI: 39807–47784.5 per 100000). This rate meant a 5% increase compared to 1990, which was statistically significant. CKD also accounted for 8,725 deaths in the elderly population of Iran in 2021. Furthermore, disability-adjusted life years (DALY) rates were 3697.7 per 100000 population and had a 28.2% increase in the span of 1990–2021. Fars and Chahar Mahaal and Bakhtiari had the highest and lowest point prevalence per 100000 at 50357.2 and 40453.9, respectively, in the elderly population. In 2021, the prevalence, deaths, and DALYs due to CKD did not differ significantly between the two sexes, although the numbers were slightly higher in the female population. Moreover, the age-standardized prevalence, deaths, and DALYs of CKD in the elderly of Iran in 2021 started to rise in the 70–74 and increased with aging. Conclusions: The burden of CKD in the elderly of Iran has increased over the past 30 years. This is in line with the increase in the elderly population and the rising of its related risk factors. Preemptive measures, public knowledge raising, and the implementation of risk management policies can brighten the future of Iran’s elderly population in terms of non-communicable diseases, especially CKD.

The Role of Government and Community Collaboration in the Implementation of Waste Management Policies in Palu City

Waste management is a crucial issue for the growing city of Palu. Collaboration between the government and the community is the key to effective and sustainable waste management policy implementation. This study aims to describe the collaborative role between the government and the community in the implementation of waste management policies in Palu City. The method used is descriptive, with data collection through observation, in-depth interviews with relevant parties, and analysis of waste management policy documents. The data obtained was analysed qualitatively to provide an overview of the dynamics of collaboration that occurred. The results showed that the Palu City government has played a role in formulating policies, providing waste management facilities and infrastructure, and building a supportive regulatory framework. The government also initiated waste management programmes such as waste banks and temporary disposal sites (TPS)). On the other hand, the role of the community is seen through active participation in these programmes, as well as involvement in waste reduction and recycling activities in their respective neighbourhoods. Nonetheless, challenges are still faced, including the low level of public awareness, the lack of supporting facilities, and inadequate law enforcement. This study concludes that good collaboration between the government and the community is essential in achieving more effective waste management in Palu City. Strengthening collaboration through education, improving facilities, and consistent law enforcement are needed so that waste management policies can be implemented optimally.

Implementasi Kebijakan Penanggulangan Banjir di Kota Tangerang Selatan

This research focuses on the implementation of flood management policies in South Tangerang City with suboptimal flood management problems. The problems that were found were that the coordination carried out by stakeholders was tentative, there were obstacles in communication on the condition of the social environment, expecially in terms of public awareness of protecting the environment, was still lacking because rubbish was still found in rivers and canals. The aim of this research is to determine the extent of implementation of flood management policies in South Tangerang City. This research uses a qualitative approach with descriptive methods, and data is obtained trought observation, interviews and documentation. This research uses the Van Meter and Van Horn theory with 6 (six) indicator, namely: a) Policy Size and Objectives; b) Resources; c) Characteristics of The Implementing Agent; d) Attitude and Tendencies; e) Inter-Organizational Communication and Implementation Activies; f) Economic, Social and Political Environment. The result of the study show that policy measures and standards are appropriate but there needs to be an increase in disaster outreach and training. Then the quantitiy or number of Task Forces to go into the field is still insufficient. The availability of an organizational structure and regulations responsible for implementing flood management is quite good. Policy implementers understanding of flood management policies in quite good and has received a positive response from policy implementers. Apart from that, the communication that exists between OPDs and village officials is quite good, characterized by delibration. The economic, social and political environmental conditions are quite good, but there needs to be an increase in public awareness of protecting the environment by not throwing rubbish into rivers or waterways.

Implementation of Effective Sports Human Resource Management Policies in Improving the Performance of Sports Organizations in the Society 5.0 Era

Current advances have created very tight competition among Central Java Petanque sports organizations, encouraging the need for extraordinary performance to support national sporting achievements. The change from the previous era to the Society 5.0 Era reflects significant evolution in the industrial revolution, technological progress and social change. In the Era of Society 5.0, the role of the Central Java Petanque sports organization is increasingly important in responding to the dynamics of social and technological change. Human resource management in the Central Java Petanque sports organization faces various challenges, such as the diversity of team members involving differences in culture, language and work styles. Therefore, implementing human resource management policies that focus on sports is very important to compete at the global level, improve sports performance, and support the achievement of national goals in Indonesia's sports achievements. This research uses descriptive qualitative methods. The research results show that its application will face dynamics and challenges regarding limited sports human resources, cultural and value differences, and dynamic flexibility. Therefore, alternative solutions are needed to deal with various problems, such as automation in increasing awareness about the value of various crocodiles, automation that leads to digitalization, as well as developing programs for the involvement of all human resources in sports

The Exploration of Predictors for Peruvian Teachers’ Life Satisfaction through an Ensemble of Feature Selection Methods and Machine Learning

Teacher life satisfaction is crucial for their well-being and the educational success of their students, both essential elements for sustainable development. This study identifies the most relevant predictors of life satisfaction among Peruvian teachers using machine learning. We analyzed data from the National Survey of Teachers of Public Basic Education Institutions (ENDO-2020) conducted by the Ministry of Education of Peru, using filtering methods (mutual information, analysis of variance, chi-square, and Spearman’s correlation coefficient) along with embedded methods (Classification and Regression Trees—CART; Random Forest; Gradient Boosting; XGBoost; LightGBM; and CatBoost). Subsequently, we generated machine learning models with Random Forest; XGBoost; Gradient Boosting; Decision Trees—CART; CatBoost; LightGBM; Support Vector Machine; and Multilayer Perceptron. The results reveal that the main predictors of life satisfaction are satisfaction with health, employment in an educational institution, the living conditions that can be provided for their family, and conditions for performing their teaching duties, as well as age, the degree of confidence in the Ministry of Education and the Local Management Unit (UGEL), participation in continuous training programs, reflection on the outcomes of their teaching practice, work–life balance, and the number of hours dedicated to lesson preparation and administrative tasks. Among the algorithms used, LightGBM and Random Forest achieved the best results in terms of accuracy (0.68), precision (0.55), F1-Score (0.55), Cohen’s kappa (0.42), and Jaccard Score (0.41) for LightGBM, and accuracy (0.67), precision (0.54), F1-Score (0.55), Cohen’s kappa (0.41), and Jaccard Score (0.41). These results have important implications for educational management and public policy implementation. By identifying dissatisfied teachers, strategies can be developed to improve their well-being and, consequently, the quality of education, contributing to the sustainability of the educational system. Algorithms such as LightGBM and Random Forest can be valuable tools for educational management, enabling the identification of areas for improvement and optimizing decision-making.