Implementation Of Development Policies Research Articles

Implementation of The State Border Area Development Policy In Aruk Sambas District West Kalimantan Province

The phenomenon that becomes the object of research is the implementation of the state border area development policy in Aruk, Sambas Regency, West Kalimantan Province. This research aims to analyze the implementation of the state border area development policy in Aruk, Sambas Regency, West Kalimantan Province and formulate a state border area development model in Aruk, Sambas Regency, West Kalimantan Province. The research method used a descriptive qualitative approach. The determination of research informants was carried out through the snowball technique. The results showed that the management of strategic issues in the state border area until now lacks the active role of Ministries/ Institutions and Local Governments. The implementation of development by K/L is still concerned with sectoral ego, this can be evidenced by the large disparity between the Implementation of the BWN-KP Management Master Plan 2020-2024 with programs/activities and budgets of Ministries/Institutions that have been committed to the implementation of development in state border areas in priority location sub-districts, PKSN, PLBN and PPK. Referring to the above, the activities of the Aruk PLBN Border Area Development of Sambas Regency are still categorized as not optimal. Supporting and inhibiting factors for the development of the Aruk PLBN area include the Aruk PLBN Management Resource Factor, the Human Resources Competency Factor, the Information and Technology Support Factor and the Aruk PLBN Management Positive Attitude Factor. Meanwhile, the inhibiting factors of development at PLBN Aruk Sambas Regency include Communication Factors, Infrastructure Factors and Bureaucratic Factors. The development model of border area development of PLBN Aruk Sambas Regency is the institutional development of the Border Management Agency consisting of institutional authority, institutional structure, institutional personnel, and institutional administrative resource management

LAND USE LAND COVER CHANGE MAPPING FROM SENTINEL 1B < 2A IMAGERY USING RANDOM FOREST ALGORITHM IN CÔTE D’IVOIRE

Monitoring crop condition, soil properties, and mapping tillage activities can be used to assess land use, forecast crops, monitor seasonal changes, and contribute to the implementation of sustainable development policy. Agricultural maps can provide independent and objective estimates of the extent of crops in a given area or growing season, which can be used to support efforts to ensure food security in vulnerable areas. Satellite data can help detect and classify different types of soil. The evolution of satellite remote sensing technologies has transformed techniques for monitoring the Earth’s surface over the last several decades. The European Space Agency (ESA) and the European Union (EU) created the Copernicus program, which resulted in the European satellites Sentinel-1B (S1B) and Sentinel-2A (S2A), which allow the collection of multi-temporal, spatial, and highly repeatable data, providing an excellent opportunity for the study of land use, land cover, and change. The goal of this study is to map the land cover of Côte d’Ivoire’s West Central Soubre area (5°47′1′′ North, 6°35′38′′ West) between 2014 and 2020. The method is based on a combination of S1B and S2A imagery data, as well as three types of predictors: the biophysical indices Normalized Difference Vegetation Index “(NDVI)”, Modified Normalized Difference Water Index “(MNDWI)”, Normalized Difference Urbanization Index “(NDBI)”, and Normalized Difference Water Index “(NDWI)”, as well as spectral bands (B1, B11, B2, B3, B4, B6, B7, B8) and polarization coefficients VV. For the period 2014–2020, six land classifications have been established: Thick_Forest, Clear_Drill, Urban, Water, Palm_Oil, Bareland, and Cacao_Land. The Random Forest (RF) algorithm with 60 numberOfTrees was the primary categorization approach used in the Google Earth Engine (GEE) platform. The results show that the RF classification performed well, with outOfBagErrorEstimates of 0.0314 and 0.0498 for 2014 and 2020, respectively. The classification accuracy values for the kappa coefficients were above 95%: 96.42% in 2014 and 95.28% in 2020, with an overall accuracy of 96.97% in 2014 and 96 % in 2020. Furthermore, the User Accuracy (UA) and Producer Accuracy (PA) values for the classes were frequently above 80%, with the exception of the Bareland class in 2020, which achieved 79.20%. The backscatter coefficients of the S1B polarization variables had higher GINI significance in 2014: VH (70.80) compared to VH (50.37) in 2020; and VV (57.11) in 2014 compared to VV (46.17) in 2020. Polarization coefficients had higher values than the other spectral and biophysical variables of the three predictor variables. During the study period, the Thick_Forest (35.90% ± 1.17), Palm_Oil (57.59% ± 1.48), and Water (5.90% ± 0.47) classes experienced a regression in area, while the Clear_Drill (16.96% ± 0.80), Urban (2.32% ± 0.29), Bareland (83.54% ± 1.79), and Cacao_Land (35.14% ± 1.16) classes experienced an increase. The approach used is regarded as excellent based on the results obtained.

DEFICITS IN THE IMPLEMENTATION OF SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT POLICY IN THE PERM KRAI MUNICIPALITIES: CASES OF KRASNOKAMSK AND NYTVA URBAN DISTRICTS

The article is devoted to the analysis of limitations and deficits within the framework of the administrative implementation of sustainable development policy at the municipal level (using the examples of municipalities of the Perm Krai - Nytva urban district and Krasnokamsk urban district). The key research methods are sociological survey techniques: expert interviews, interviews with representatives of municipal authorities and the municipal public. The results of the study partially confirmed the main theoretical hypotheses. Deficits of human and material resources are among the key factors limiting the implementation of sustainable development policy in the municipalities under study. A number of additional factors of administrative, financial, and legal nature are also significant limitations. Rigid vertical administrative policy has an indirect effect, and the hypothesis in this regard was only partially confirmed.

The Quality of Primary School Teachers’ Professional Development Policy Implementation: Conceptualization of Targets, Contents, Methods, Process and Contexts in Oromia, Ethiopia

The Quality of Primary School Teachers’ Professional Development Policy Implementation: Conceptualization of Targets, Contents, Methods, Process and Contexts in Oromia, Ethiopia

Zaman Meleset dan Pembangunan Kolonial di Negeri-Negeri Melayu Bersekutu, 1929-1938 (The Great Depression and Colonial Development in the Federated Malay States, 1929-1938)

This article explores the connection between the phenomenon of global economic downturn with the Federated Malay States (FMS). It focuses on the economic relationship between the metropolitan power and the FMS that is subordinate to it. The necessity to continue exploiting raw materials in Malaya influenced the implementation of colonial development policies during economic downturns. However, these policies only prioritized sectors that directly contributed to the growth of the metropolitan economy. This article substantiates this situation through the development of pineapple-based food products and rice supplies in the FMS. Colonial Office sources 273, 323, 576, and 852 are utilized to construct the economic relationship between the FMS and the metropolitan power. Meanwhile, colonial administrative records in the FMS are employed to demonstrate the impact of economic downturns and colonial development on its economic structure. The findings of this study confirm the existence of a symbiotic economic relationship between the FMS and the metropolitan power. Colonial development policies were implemented to expedite the exploitation of FMS economic resources more rapidly during economic downturns. These policies also affected the role of the FMS as a supplier of food products within the British Empire’s trading network.

Unblocking the System to Strengthen Implementation of Early Childhood Development Policies and Practice in South Africa

Government sectors responsible for early childhood development (ECD) often have competing priorities and obligations which manifest through fragmentation, silo conflicts, and power dynamics, thus failing to implement ECD policies in South Africa effectively. This article aims to provide a framework for strengthening the implementation of ECD policies to enhance quality early childhood care and education (ECCE) in the Gauteng province of South Africa. Using a qualitative approach within an interpretive paradigm, data was obtained through open-ended semi-structured interviews, observations, and field notes. Key stakeholders, including ECD managers, practitioners, and education officials, were purposely sampled. The conceptual lens was used for exploring the current implementation of ECD policies at the systems level in the theoretical framework. The findings revealed communication and information blockages at the level of national, provincial, and district offices. As a result, ECD centers were left uninformed of the new policies and frameworks for implementation. A framework that stipulates standardized training for the Department of Education officials, support for ECD principals, managers, and practitioners, and open communication through bi-annual conferences and monthly community of practice (CoP) virtual meetings will ensure that policies are implemented and that quality ECD education is achievable in South Africa.

The Implementation of One Village One Product (OVOP) Program in Sambas Regency

This paper examines the local government's implementation of village development policy at the borderlands, aiming to address the research gap by explaining the implementation of public policy through a case study of the One Village One Product (OVOP) program in Sambas Regency, Indonesia, which shares a border with Sarawak, Malaysia. We provide academic contributions to the field of public policy at the intersection of village development and border studies by explaining the local experience of implementing public policy. Additionally, the study provides practical recommendations for stakeholders in both public and private sectors to enhance OVOP programs following the best practices learned from other countries. The study, conducted from August to October 2023, employed qualitative research methods through observation and 15 interviews with government officials, the regency and village levels, and the local figures. Relevant documents were also collected and analyzed. The study found that two models of policy implementation applied in the research setting. In most villages, the OVOP program implemented the dominant top-down models due to the independent work of regency government officials and inadequate collaboration. The bureaucracy only provides short-term assistance and empowerment while hindering the aspirations of the private and community sectors to participate. At the same time, a hybrid model is exercised in one village where local stakeholders, the village government, and private and community sectors collaborate based on their sense of belonging toward “home” with less intervention from the regency government. The study recommends enhancing regular on-site or online communication and active collaboration between all stakeholders in the regency and the village level to improve OVOP program implementation in Sambas Regency.

The Impact of Development of Financial Technology on China’s Economy

The development of financial technology (FinTech) has an important role in the present economy. It not only drove overall economic consumption through innovative service models and financial tools, but also helped people return to a normal rhythm of life to a certain extent during the COVID-19 epidemic by helping offline operations shift to online services, online offices, online teaching, and other innovative approaches. In addition, it plays a very important role in social governance and promotes social stability. This paper focuses on analyzing the impact of FinTech on industrial structure, upgrading in consumption structure and social governance, and argues that society, government and the market need not only to develop and apply FinTech correctly, but also to implement development policies according to local conditions. In this way, it can better play its positive role in promoting economic development, and at the same time, it is also necessary to strengthen supervision and regulation to prevent the growth of undesirable behavior.

Pengaruh Pelaksanaan Kebijakan Pembinaan Siswa Terhadap Manajemen Kesiswaan dalam Mewujudkan Prilaku Disiplin Siswa

The writing of this article aims to determine the effect of the implementation of studentcoaching onstudent management in an effort to realize student discipline behavior in MTs.Al-Fatwa. The writing of the article on the approach method and research technique usedin this study is expected to provide answers to problem solving through collecting fieldda-ta information that describes the factors that relate to the phenomena studied, namely re-garding the variables of Student Development Policy Implementation, Student Develop-ment Management and Student Discipline Behavior. The conclusions obtained in this studyare First, the variable implementation of the student coaching policy shows good criteria,Second, the student coaching management variable shows good criteria, this is evidencedby the average respondent's answer regarding the variable is good. Third, the variable ofstudent discipline behavior shows good criteria, this is evidenced by the average respond-ents' answers regarding these variables. The indicator withthe highest percentage is on the dimension of discipline in obeying school rules, namely students have a lesson schedule. The lowest assessment is found in the discipline dimension following learning and doing assignments.

Effective Implementation of Gender and Development Policy in a Public Tertiary Health Institution in Maiduguri, Borno State, Nigeria

The global introduction of the millennium Development Goals has drawn National attentions to pursuing gender and development policies, geared towards achieving gender equality. The Nigerian government keyed into this policy, replaced the erstwhile National Policy on women adopted in the year 2000 with National gender policy in 2006 The 2006 Gender and Development Policy was reviewed in Nigeria; which led to the 2021-2026 gender and development policy. The 2021-2026 policy draws from the 2006 National Gender and development Policy whose overall goal was to provide ‘strategic policy guidance for mainstreaming gender at all levels as well as address the inequalities that exist in the socio-economic sphere, and combat all forms of violence against women and girls, among other things. The policy goal is aimed at eliminating cultural, religious gender based biases and harmful cultural and religious practices which tend to reproduce inequalities in gender roles relations in the Nigerian society and thereby giving a subordinate status to women compared to men. Hence, development opportunities continue to elude women since the policy failed to challenge the structure which reproduces gender inequality and overall disempowerment of women. This study therefore examined effective implementation of gender and development policy in public health institutions in Nigeria. It is clear that implementation of gender and development policy is not effective and contrary to expectation. With the new and revised policy in place, the Nigerian government can learn from the previous policies and ensure that there is clear tracking and monitoring of the impact of each of the objectives so as to fully do away with gender inequality in the country; recommendations were also made.

Application of a genetic algorithm in solving problems of environmental protection in agro-industrial production

The study is devoted to the problems of environmental protection in agro-industrial production. The purpose of the work is to identify the main aspects of the negative impact of agro-industrial complexes on natural resources and to develop effective strategies to reduce environmental impact. The research methodology includes an analysis of the use of chemical fertilizers, pesticides and water resources, as well as an assessment of their impact on soil, water bodies and the atmosphere. The results obtained make it possible to identify key factors influencing the level of pollution and determine the prospects for the introduction of eco-technologies in agricultural production. The study provides important information for the development and implementation of sustainable development policies in the agro-industrial sector, taking into account the balance between food production and environmental conservation.

Has the Development of Inter-Provincial Transportation Infrastructure Improved the Construction of China’s Unified Market?

With the implementation of regional development policies in recent years, transportation infrastructure has greatly promoted regional economic development, but what impact it has on the construction of market integration in the local and surrounding regions has not been specifically answered. Based on the provincial panel data of China from 2010 to 2021, this paper uses the spatial panel method to study the impact of transportation infrastructure development and the construction of national unified market and its spatial spillover effects. The empirical results show that there is significant spatial auto-correlation between inter-provincial transport infrastructure and market integration. Railway density plays a greater role in promoting the national unified market. The government expenditure and foreign direct investment play a positive role in promoting the construction of a unified national market, while the dependence of foreign trade inhibits the development of market integration. In the analysis of spatial spillover effects, the direct effect of railway density is significantly higher than that of highway. The government should strengthen the quality and efficiency of railway transportation, promote the scale of foreign direct investment of enterprises, and actively promote the construction of national unified market.

Territorial Development Policy Implementation in Cote D’Ivoire: Experiences and Lessons from South Korea

Territorial Development Policy Implementation in Cote D’Ivoire: Experiences and Lessons from South Korea

Implementation of the organizational development policy of the cooperative office of small and medium enterprises muara enim district

The purpose of this research is to find out and analyze the implementation of organizational development policies for the Muara Enim Regency Small and Medium Enterprises Cooperative Service and to find out and analyze what factors are obstacles in the organizational development of the Muara Enim Regency Small and Medium Enterprises Cooperative Service.. The results of this research can be explained, the implementation of organizational development policies for the Muara Enim Regency Small and Medium Enterprises Cooperative Service, seen from the objectives, organizational structure, leadership, work procedures mechanisms, is in the good category. Meanwhile, organizational development is seen from the relationship management and reward system with not good category. There are several inhibiting factors in implementing organizational development policies for the Muara Enim Regency Small and Medium Enterprises Cooperative Service, namely: Internal organizational factors, loss of orientation, lack of focus, unclear accountability and incompetence

Implementation of Career Development Policy for Civil Servants Through Talent Mobility in Dki Jakarta Provincial Social Services

In accordance with PANRB Ministerial Regulation Number 3 of 2020, National ASN Talent Management is an integral component of National Career Development Management, executed through transfers and/or promotions. The DKI Jakarta Provincial Social Service, housing a staff of 200 employees, reveals that approximately 18.5 percent, or 47 employees, have not undergone rotations in over 5 years. This study seeks to assess the application of civil servant career development policies via Talent Mobility within the DKI Jakarta Provincial Social Service. Employing a qualitative descriptive research method with an inductive approach, the research delves into the implementation of these policies by scrutinizing the factors connecting policy to performance. The findings indicate a reasonably effective implementation of the civil servant career development policy through Talent Mobility in the DKI Jakarta Provincial Social Service. However, certain aspects, such as standard factors and policy objectives, policy resources, inter-organizational communication and law enforcement activities, characteristics of implementing agencies, economic, social, and political conditions, and the disposition of implementers, warrant improvement. Recommendations stemming from the research are as follows: (1) Emphasize the need for commitment from all stakeholders in executing the talent mobility policy, (2) Prioritize the analysis of employee needs before recruitment processes to ensure a more accurate alignment with organizational requirements, (3) Initiate formal outreach programs dedicated to discussing talent mobility to deepen employee understanding and engagement, (4) Establish a structured training program aligned with employees' respective fields of work, backed by a designated budget for training initiatives, (5) Institute programs aimed at enhancing employee welfare comprehensively, and (6) Recognize the pivotal role, particularly that of leaders, in reshaping employee thought patterns to align with the objectives of Talent Mobility.

“I Mainly Rely on the Textbook:” A Call for Teacher Enhancement in Agricultural Sciences

Universities play a crucial role in teachers' professional development. This study aims to examine the following research question: How can universities enhance the teaching of agricultural sciences in schools? Previous research has focused on the university’s collaboration with stakeholders, such as parents, to enhance teaching, but without a specific focus on the teaching of agricultural sciences. In response to this question, a transformative theoretical framework anchors this study. This study employed a participatory action research design involving focus group discussions to determine the need for improving the teaching of agricultural sciences. Eleven participants were involved in this research, and pseudonyms were used to ensure privacy and protect their identities. The study findings from the three schools in the Thabo Mofutsanyana District of the Free State Province, included in the study, revealed that there is an inability to meet curriculum requirements, accompanied by a reluctance to implement continuous professional teacher development. The findings emphasize the need for extended university involvement in the implementation of teacher development policies to address the teachers’ needs.

Use of common resources by rural communities in Russia: Problems of collective choice

One of the key elements of well-being of rural residents is the development of rural social infrastructure. Measures for the development of rural areas often do not take into account the opinion of rural residents themselves, which leads to their dissatisfaction. The level of cohesion and collectivism of the rural community plays an important role in identifying problems and finding solutions, including the use of common resources of the territory. This article makes an attempt to apply Elinor Ostrom’s theoretical considerations to the investigation of rural communities in Russia. The experimental part of the study was carried out in small settlements of Stavropol Krai and Krasnodar Krai in South Russia. The hypothesis about the possibility of forming self-governing rural communities, independent in determining the rules for the use of common resources and participating in the implementation of development policies for their territory, was tested. The surveyed residents very rationally selected directions for the social and everyday development of their settlements that allow them to obtain maximum benefit from their implementation. Continuing such research will make it possible to clarify true preferences of rural residents regarding social standards and make timely adjustments to the state policy of rural development.

Assessment of Disparity in Accessing Railway Stations in Thailand: an Application Geographic Information System Network Analysis

Ensuring that people from all regions in a country can easily access railway stations is a crucial objective in the development of transportation and mobility systems and is essential for the convenient travel within the country. Furthermore, accurately assessing accessibility in disadvantaged areas is pivotal in designing and implementing development policies for equitable and sustainable transportation systems. Although various methods and tools are available for measuring accessibility, interpreting local-level data remains challenging. This study was conducted in Thailand, a country with severe accessibility disparities but undergoing considerable development. Therefore, the objective of this study was to evaluate accessibility disparities to analyze accessibility capabilities and inequality of railway stations. The objective of the study was to aid the development of inequality and railway services to cover all areas. The geographic information system methodology with network analysis tools was used to visualize and analyze spatial accessibility data and identify regional disparities. The results of this study indicate inequality in accessing railway services, which revealed that densely populated areas have superior access to railway stations compared with districts with a lower population density. Additionally, over 41% of the study area’s population resides more than half an hour away from access to a railway station. This study highlights regional inequality in accessing railway station services. Furthermore, strategies to alleviate this inequality are presented, and the findings will aid government agencies and railway planners in designing critical strategies or formulating policies for improving accessibility to rail transportation systems and reducing inequality in accessing railway services.

Community disaster resilience in Brazilian small urban centers

Brazilian small urban centers are facing several disasters impacts due to their singular environmental, economic, and social characteristics. A comprehensive approach encompassing multiple dimensions of resilience and adaptation is essential to minimize material and human losses. This article analyzes the community disaster resilience of 213 small urban centers in the Brazilian Southeast region, affected by recurrent events, such as floods, flash floods, and landslides. The study adopts a mixed-methods approach. First, a quantitative analysis was conducted at the municipal level using statistical techniques to develop a community disaster resilience index, incorporating social, economic, infrastructure, institutional, and community dimensions. Simultaneously, a qualitative assessment evaluated the levels of social capital at the intra-municipal scale among populations affected by disasters through an online questionnaire. The results demonstrated a direct correlation between community disaster resilience levels and the economic and urban development of the assessed municipalities. Lower levels of community disaster resilience were associated with higher vulnerability of the population, characterized by limited socioeconomic development, inadequate housing conditions, insufficient urban infrastructure for transportation, healthcare, leisure, and social support services, and ineffective implementation of public development policies. Moreover, the absence and limited diversity of leisure spaces that foster social connections contributed to reduced community engagement and participation, resulting in lower levels of social capital. This study underscores the need for comprehensive strategies to enhance community resilience in small urban centers facing recurrent disasters. The findings provide insights for policymakers and practitioners to prioritize interventions and investments in economic development, infrastructure improvement, and social capital enhancement as crucial elements of disaster risk reduction and resilience-building efforts.

Implementation of Urban Policy and Sustainable Development Goal 11 in Federal Capital Territory (FCT), Abuja

The quest to achieve Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) 11 target through implementation of urban policies has continued to pose challenges in developing countries including Nigeria and Federal Capital Territory (FCT) Abuja in particular. The purpose of this paper is to examine the ways implementation of urban policies has influenced the realization of SDG 11 goals in the FCT given the challenges confronting the residents in the city, particularly in the areas of clean water and efficient transportation system. The paper was anchored on the elite theory which helps in explaining the connection between implementation of SDG 11 target and elite preferences. The population of the study consisted of 3,510 respondents, while the sample size of the study was 360 respondents determined using Rakesh sample size formula.360 questionnaires were administered. Twenty-five (25) respondents were selected for an in-depth interview on the basis of their knowledge on issues under study. Data, particularly in the areas of clean water were also collected using secondary sources. Data from questionnaires were analyzed using percentages and frequency tables, while data from in-depth interviews were analyzed using textual methods. Data from secondary sources were analyzed using relational-content analysis. Among other things, findings revealed that the level of implementation of urban development before the introduction of SDG 11 has been very poor, while the SDG 11 has not brought meaningful development in FCT since inception based on the records available. On the basis of the findings, it is concluded that significant improvement in the level of implementation of urban development policies in the FCT is vital to ensuring the objectives of SDG 11 target in the city and in its suburban areas are achieved. Among other things, it was recommended that urban development policies regarding availability of clean water should be adequately implemented in FCT in order to achieve SDG 11 targets in the city, while at the same time, implementing the Abuja Master Plan to achieve an efficient transportation system in the city.