Impact Of Different Temperatures Research Articles

Model Development and Experimental Application on Rewetting Characteristics of Cured Tobacco Leaves

Accurately predicting the moisture rewetting process of cured tobacco leaves is crucial for maintaining tobacco quality, storage stability, and preventing damage. In this study, a rewetting model for cured tobacco leaves was developed based on the two-component heterogeneity of leaf blades and main veins. The established model was compared with the model based on one-component homogeneity. The impact of different temperature and relative humidity (RH) conditions on the rewetting process of cured tobacco leaves was investigated, and predictions are made for the rewetting process on sunny and rainy days. In the results, the simulated value by the two-component heterogeneity model exhibited a highly consistent with the corresponding experimental data, with a maximum deviation of less than 9.74%. The rewetting rate increased with increasing temperature and RH, but the increased temperature also reduced the final moisture content. Compared to 20 °C and 80% RH, the rewetting time at 40 °C and 80% RH was reduced by 80.95%. The rewetting time at 20 °C and 90% RH was reduced by 81.25% compared to that at 20 °C and 70% RH. The rewetting rate of cured tobacco leaves was higher at night compared to daytime. In addition, the rewetting was faster on rainy days than sunny days. On rainy days (11.4–21.8 °C, 76.5%–95.4% RH), it took 13 h for cured tobacco leaves to reach the target moisture content (16% dry basis, d.b.) during rewetting, while on sunny days (20.3–29.5 °C, 46.1%–66.5% RH), it took more than 24 h. The findings of this study provided a helpful information for accurately predicting the moisture rewetting process of cured tobacco leaves.

Optimizing adipose-derived stromal vascular fraction storage: Temperature and time impact on cell viability in regenerative medicine.

The adipose-derived stromal vascular fraction (SVF) plays a crucial role in regenerative medicine owing to its regenerative and immunomodulatory properties. However, the effective utilization of SVF in therapeutic applications requires careful consideration of storage conditions to maintain cell viability. We conducted a research on 43 patients of different ages and sexes who were older than 18 years. This study explored the impact of different temperatures (-80, -20, and 4 °C) on SVF storage in platelet-poor plasma for 1 and 6 months. SVF extracted using a semi-UNISTATION™ system was subjected to rigorous analysis of cell count and viability using a LUNA-STEM™ Dual Fluorescence Cell Counter. The results indicated a significant correlation between the storage conditions and SVF viability. Notably, storing SVF at 4 °C demonstrated the highest cell viability and count, while -80 °C storage exhibited the least favorable outcomes. This study emphasizes the importance of minimizing storage time to preserve SVF viability, as evidenced by a decline in both cell count and viability over a 6-month period. Comparisons with the existing literature underscore the need for precise protocols for SVF storage, with considerations for temperature and cryoprotective agents. These findings provide valuable insights for developing optimal SVF storage protocols to enhance therapeutic outcomes and reduce the need for repeated adipose tissue harvesting. Despite the limitations of the study, such as the use of a cell counter instead of flow cytometry, the results establish the foundation for further research on refining SVF storage methods. The ideal storage temperature is from 4 °C, while the length of storage time inversely affects the viability of SVF; the longer the storage time, the lower the number and the viability of SVF cells, regardless of the temperature at which they are preserved.

Effect of heat treatment on the structural and emulsifying properties of copra meal protein: Improving interfacial properties to enhance performance of its Pickering emulsion

This study investigated the impact of different temperatures and durations on the structural and emulsifying properties of copra meal protein. Additionally, the stability of copra meal protein Pickering emulsions was assessed through rheological and interfacial characteristics. Findings revealed a positive correlation between emulsification properties and heating temperature and duration. Thermal aggregates, facilitated by hydrogen bonds, hydrophobic interactions, and disulfide bonds, significantly enhanced surface hydrophobicity. Heat-treated copra meal protein-based Pickering emulsions demonstrate enhanced adsorption at the oil-water interface and resistance to diffusion. The three-phase contact angle increases from 57.7° to 79.8° following heating at 95 °C for 30 min. The addition of NaCl and heating treatment did not affect emulsion particle size or interface adsorption ability. But it improved the rheological properties to varying degrees. These results offer valuable insights for optimizing the physicochemical and functional attributes of copra meal protein in the food industry.

The impact of different temperatures on spore count and browning of UHT milk over a long storage period

One of the major microbiological challenges for the ultra-high temperature (UHT) milk industry is the presence of sporeformers in milk, which can survive pasteurization and the UHT process. The present study has aimed to investigate the spore populations in UHT milk stored at 20 °C and 35 °C for 14 months. Samples of bulk tank milk, pasteurized milk, and UHT milk were randomly assigned to different temperatures and storage times and were analyzed to study the mesophilic populations of aerobic spores and any color changes. The results showed that aerobic sporeformers can survive the UHT process. Bacillus licheniformis group and Bacillus pumilus group were the most isolated aerobic sporeformers. The b∗ value increased significantly in samples stored at 35 °C. These data provide information on the aerobic spore populations of bulk tank milk and UHT milk produced in different seasons and stored at different temperatures for 14 months.

Culture dependent analysis of bacterial activity, biofilm-formation and oxidative stress of seawater with the contamination of microplastics under climate change consideration

Temperature changes due to climate change and microplastic contamination are worldwide concerns, creating various problems in the marine environment. Therefore, this study was carried out to discover the impact of different temperatures of seawater exposed to different types of plastic materials on culture dependent bacterial responses and oxidative characteristics. Seawater was exposed to microplastics obtained from various plastic materials at different temperature (−18, +4, +20, and +35 °C) for seven days. Then microplastics were removed from the suspension and microplastic-exposed seawater samples were analyzed for bacterial activity, biofilm formation and oxidative characteristics (antioxidant, catalase, glutathione, and superoxide dismutase) using Gram-negative Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Gram-positive Staphylococcus aureus. The results showed that the activity and biofilm formation of Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus were affected through oxidative stress by catalase, glutathione, and superoxide dismutase due to the microplastic deformation by temperature changes. This study confirms that temperature changes as a result of climate change might influence microplastic degradation and their contamination impact in seawater in terms of bacterial metabolic and oxidation reactions.

The impact of different temperatures on Nano Silver Carbon manufacturing by Arc Discharge method

The impact of different temperatures on Nano Silver Carbon manufacturing by Arc Discharge method

Pressure and temperature effects on the electron transport layer material for solar energy applications: a molecular dynamic approach explores the influence of environmental conditions of biostructure materials in solar cells

This investigation initiated by modelling the crystal structure of perovskite to explore the impact of different temperatures. Researchers modified the perovskite crystal structure and observed its response to temperature variations. The study involved assessing the efficiency and fill factor of perovskite solar cells, incorporating photovoltaic structures without specifying the electron transport layer material. The primary goal of this initiative is to provide power to buildings using environmentally acceptable components in perovskite solar cells. The promising efficiency and cost-effectiveness of manufacturing make perovskite solar cells an intriguing option for generating clean and sustainable energy.

Interactive effects of temperature and protein levels on the growth performance, proximate composition, digestive enzyme activityand serum biochemistry of Labeo rohita.

The current study was performed to investigate the impact of different temperatures and protein levels on the growth performance, proximate compositionand digestive and hepatic enzyme activities of Labeo rohita fingerlings. For this purpose, healthy fingerlings (average initial weight of 6.40 ± 0.02 g) were acclimatized for 15 days, then reared at three temperatures (25°C, 30°Cand 35°C) and fed three levels of crude protein (25%, 30%and 35% crude protein (CP)) twice daily until satiation for 60 days. The results of the study revealed that the highest growth performance was observed in fish fed 35% protein and reared at 30°C. Similarly, fish reared at 35°C and 25°C water temperature showed comparatively better growth performance in fish fed with 35% protein. Furthermore, a significant enhancement in feed intake was observed with increasing culture temperature and increasing CP levels, but at 25°C, increasing CP levels significantly decreased the feed intake. Sligh variations were also observed in proximate composition in terms of moisture, CP, crude fat (CF)and ash contents in fish fed with different CP levels and reared at different temperatures. The hepatosomatic index and viscerosomatic index decreased significantly with increasing levels of protein and temperature. Amylase activities were significantly reduced with increasing culture temperature at each protein level. Increasing culture temperature did not affected the lipase activities. However, lipase activities were enhanced with increasing CP levels at 25°C and activities decreased with increasing CP levels at 30-35°C. Protease activity was enhanced with increasing temperature and CP levels. Significant increases were also observed in serum total proteins and liver functioning enzymes such as alkaline phosphatase, alanine aminotransferaseand aspartate aminotransferasein response to increased temperature, and protein had a reciprocal effect. It is concluded that increasing the CP levels increased the growth performance independent of temperature. However, similar growth performance at 30 CP (30°C) and 35 CP (35°C) indicates that L. rohita requires more protein at higher temperature for optimum growth.

State-of-charge estimation of Lithium-ion batteries using an adaptive dual unscented Kalman filter based on a reduced-order model

It is critical to accurately estimate the state of charge (SOC) of Lithium-ion batteries for the efficient, reliable, and safe operation of Electric Vehicles (EVs). Therefore, it is crucial to improve the methods for SOC determination by finding a beneficial trade-off between higher accuracy and increasing complexity within the Battery Management System (BMS). Physics-based models outperform the Equivalent Circuit Model (ECM) in terms of inherent electrochemical representation. This paper develops a new model based on the derivation of the reduced-order battery model in a control-oriented state space model to incorporate with the adaptive unscented Kalman filter (ADUKF). This allows the BMS to use a physics-based model with a low number of battery parameters resulting in a complexity deduction and much less effort in electrochemical parameter identification for online co-estimation of SOC and the battery model parameters. Moreover, an adaptive dual spherical UKF is implemented with the forgetting factor to reduce the computational capacity required for the traditional UKF and also to improve the covariance matching of measurement and system process noises. The proposed method is validated against driving cycle profiles, considering various conditions such as erroneous initial SOC, inaccurate battery capacity, and current sensor inaccuracy. Further, the robustness of the proposed method is verified against the impact of different temperatures. Lastly, the result is compared to ADUKF based on ECMs in terms of accuracy and computational cost.

Transition Metal Catalyst Free and Single‐Step Synthesis of Significant Thiosemicarbazones via Oxidative Coupling Strategy

AbstractThe efficacy and selectivity of the transition metal‐free catalysis have been emphasized in constructing thiosemicarbazone derivatives from the dehydrogenative coupling of alcohols and thiosemicarbazides under aerobic conditions. A broad spectrum of thiosemicarbazones was obtained in good‐to‐excellent yields up to 90 %, with water as the only by‐product. The catalytic synthesis worked in an atom‐economical fashion in the absence of any oxidant with only 1 mmol of the base loading per mmol of the substrates. Further, the impact of different temperatures, solvents, bases, and base loading of the coupling reaction has been explored. A probable pathway that involves the generation of an aldehyde intermediate to thiosemicarbazones, which releases only water has been proposed.

Sustainable per‐ and polyfluoroalkyl substances contaminated soil remediation: Evaluating the potential of thermal desorption

AbstractPer‐ and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) have been extensively utilized in various industries. These artificial compounds pose significant environmental and health concerns as they exhibit persistence in soil over long periods and can migrate through soil and groundwater. One potential method for addressing PFASs toxicity is thermal desorption, although its efficacy in calcareous soil remains understudied. In this experimental investigation, we aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of thermal desorption in removing PFASs from two types of calcareous soil: spiked clay and sandy clay loam soil. PFASs were spiked into soil samples, which were subsequently freeze‐dried and homogenized. The samples underwent thermal desorption, followed by extraction and analysis of remaining PFASs concentrations using UPLC MS/MS. The study examined the impact of different temperatures, times, and soil types on PFASs removal. Results revealed that the removal fraction of PFASs increased with higher temperatures, although the specific effect varied depending on the soil type and the characteristics of the PFASs. Optimal PFASs removal occurred within the temperature range of 350 to 450°C, with a treatment time of 40 to 60 min. ANOVA analysis indicated a significant interaction between temperature and time, highlighting the influence of temperature on PFASs desorption. The correlation coefficient demonstrated a negative relationship between temperature and PFASs removal from the soil sample. This study successfully demonstrated the effectiveness of thermal desorption in removing PFASs from calcareous soils. The findings contribute to the development of effective strategies for mitigating the environmental and health risks associated with PFASs contamination in soil.

Comparison of effects of administering warmed vs normal temperature intravenous fluids on body core temperature in surgical individuals.

Objective: This study was designed to evaluate the impact of different temperatures of intravenous fluids on the body. Study Design: Randomized Experiment. Setting: LRH Peshawar. Period: April 2022 to January 2023. Material & Methods: 600 individuals were scheduled for abdominal surgery to include them in the study. Two groups were made using sealed, opaque envelopes carrying randomly generated computer numbers. The patient's body temperature, O2 saturation,, heart rate, shivering, blood pressure and fluid intake were all monitored and recorded on two point i)when he was admitted to the PAR and ii) one and a half hour later. The classification developed by Crossley and Mahajan was used to determine the level of shivering. With SPSS 23, the t test and Mann-Whitney U test were used to evaluate data. Results: The mean age of the intervention group was 38.30 years, compared to 37.64 years for the control group. After 30 minutes, the average temperature difference among the two groups on admission to PAR was statistically significant. No discernible difference existed between the levels of pain of two groups. Time to return to work was reported to differ significantly. For factors like SpO2, systolic and diastolic blood pressure, and respiratory rate, no discernible difference was discovered. Conclusion: After administering warm fluids intravenously, there is a fall in the intervention group's shivering.

Video elicited physiological signal dataset considering indoor temperature factors.

Human emotions vary with temperature factors. However, most studies on emotion recognition based on physiological signals overlook the influence of temperature factors. This article proposes a video induced physiological signal dataset (VEPT) that considers indoor temperature factors to explore the impact of different indoor temperature factors on emotions. This database contains skin current response (GSR) data obtained from 25 subjects at three different indoor temperatures. We selected 25 video clips and 3 temperatures (hot, comfortable, and cold) as motivational materials. Using SVM, LSTM, and ACRNN classification methods, sentiment classification is performed on data under three indoor temperatures to analyze the impact of different temperatures on sentiment. The recognition rate of emotion classification under three different indoor temperatures showed that anger and fear had the best recognition effect among the five emotions under hot temperatures, while joy had the worst recognition effect. At a comfortable temperature, joy and calmness have the best recognition effect among the five emotions, while fear and sadness have the worst recognition effect. In cold temperatures, sadness and fear have the best recognition effect among the five emotions, while anger and joy have the worst recognition effect. This article uses classification to recognize emotions from physiological signals under the three temperatures mentioned above. By comparing the recognition rates of different emotions at three different temperatures, it was found that positive emotions are enhanced at comfortable temperatures, while negative emotions are enhanced at hot and cold temperatures. The experimental results indicate that there is a certain correlation between indoor temperature and physiological emotions.

An all-37°C thawing method improves the clinical outcomes of vitrified frozen-thawed embryo transfer: a retrospective study using a case-control matching analysis.

The purpose of this study is to assess the impact of different temperatures and incubation times on the clinical outcomes of FET cycles during the thawing procedure and to select a better thawing method to improve clinical outcomes. This retrospective study included 1734 FET cycles from January 1, 2020, to January 30, 2022. Embryos vitrified using a KITAZATO Vitrification Kit were thawed at 37°C in all steps (the case group, denoted the "all-37°C" group) or at 37°C and then at room temperature (RT; the control group, denoted the "37°C-RT" group), according to the kit instructions. The groups were matched 1:1 to avoid confounding. After case-control matching, 366 all-37°C cycles and 366 37°C-RT cycles were included. The baseline characteristics were similar (all P > 0.05) between the two groups after matching. FET of the all-37°C group yielded a higher clinical pregnancy rate (CPR; P = 0.009) and implantation rate (IR; P = 0.019) than FET of the 37°C-RT group. For blastocyst transfers, the CPR (P = 0.019) and IR (P = 0.025) were significantly higher in the all-37°C group than in the 37°C-RT group. For D3-embryo transfers, the CPR and IR were non-significantly higher in the all-37°C group than in the 37°C-RT group (P > 0.05). Thawing vitrified embryos at 37°C in all steps with shortening wash time can enhance CPR and IR in FET cycles. Well-designed prospective studies are warranted to further evaluate the efficacy and safety of the all-37°C thawing method.

Influences of oxygen and temperature interaction on the antibacterial activity, antioxidant activity, serum biochemical indices, blood indices and growth performance of crucian carp.

The well-being of fish used in aquaculture is of great interest. Oxygen and temperature are the main factors affecting the welfare of the crucian carp (carassius); however, there are few studies on the combined effects of these on the species. Therefore, this study investigated the impact of different temperatures (18°C, 24°C, 30°C) and oxygen concentrations (2.1 mgL-1, 5.4 mgL-1, 9.3 mgL-1) on serum antibacterial activity, antioxidant activity, hematological parameters and growth performance of the crucian carp. The results showed that there were greater antibacterial properties under conditions of hypoxia at 18°C (L18) and hyperoxia at 24°C (H24). The activities of catalase, glutathione peroxidase and total superoxide dismutase were the highest at 24°C under hypoxia and hyperoxia. In addition, the contents of glucose and total protein first increased and then decreased with the change of temperature; triglycerides were the lowest at 30°C. The blood parameters of the carp were within a normal range at 24°C; however, the growth rate was at its lowest under hypoxia treatment at 30°C (L30). This study showed that high temperature impairs the antibacterial ability, antioxidant capacity and growth performance of the crucian carp, and high oxygen levels can alleviate these adverse reactions. This research provides a theoretical basis for subsequent aquaculture studies.

Comparative Flavor Profile of Roasted Germinated Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) Beverages Served Hot and Cold Using Electronic Sensors Combined with Chemometric Statistical Analysis.

In order to fulfill the objective of the comparative flavor profiling of hot and cold serving, different concentrations of hot (hot infusion) and cold (boiled and cold serving) roasted-steamed-germinated wheat beverages were prepared in order to explore the comparative profile of the amino acids, volatiles, taste, total flavonoid content (TFC), total phenolic content (TPC), and antioxidant capacities, including 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl radical scavenging activity (DPPH) and the Trolox equivalent antioxidant activity (TEAC). The instrumental analysis was performed using electronic sensors (an electric nose and an electric tongue), high-performance liquid chromatography, and spectrophotometry, and the statistical assessment was conducted using univariate (correlation pattern and heatmap) and multivariate (clustering and principal component analysis) analyses. The cold beverages at the highest concentration showed the highest values of TFC, TPC, DPPH, and TEAC, showing 32.31 ± 1.13 μg CE/100 mL, 202.37 ± 20.94 μg GAE/100 mL, 68.43 ± 3.41 μM TE/100 mL, and 126.66 ± 4.00 mM TE/100 mL, respectively. The correlation analysis revealed a remarkable correlation between the taste and the flavor compounds. The clustering analysis and the PCA clearly divided the key metabolites, which were attributed to the different tastes in the hot and cold beverages. This study clearly demonstrates the impact of different temperatures on the aroma metabolites, the taste, and the characteristics of wheat beverages.

Degree days and demography of Spodoptera frugiperda (J. E. Smith) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) on maize at different temperatures

The temperature has a direct effect on the activity of insect pests and their developmental rate. The increasing temperature could profoundly influence the population dynamics, life cycle, length of reproduction, fecundity, and longevity. In the present study, the impact of different temperatures (32, 33, 34, 35 and 36°C) on the degree days and population fitness of Spodoptera frugiperda (J. E. Smith) was evaluated under artificial conditions. The results showed that for S. frugiperda, an average of 690.38 degree days was required to complete the total life span. The total larval developmental time, pupal duration and adult longevity required 237.38, 184.47 and 228.10 degree days, respectively. The life history data of S. frugiperda were analysed by using TWOSEX-MSChart. An increase in temperature reduced the developmental time of S. frugiperda at age x and stage j. The highest reproductive value (vx) of S. frugiperda was obtained at 34°C (600 individuals per day) and was found to be reduced at a further increase in temperature of 35°C (260 individuals per day) and 36°C (120 individuals per day). These results signify the improved fitness of S. frugiperda with increasing temperature levels, and the degree days help to predict the development pattern of S. frugiperda based on heat accumulation.

Effects of temperature on hatching rate and early larval development of longfin yellowtail Seriola rivoliana

The longfin yellowtail Seriola rivoliana is an emerging commercial species in aquaculture. However, there is little information regarding environmental conditions and their influence on early larval development that come from natural spawning. Temperature is one of the main factors affecting embryo and larval development. Therefore, the purpose of this research was to determine the impact of different temperatures (16–32 °C) on S. rivoliana hatching rate, larvae quality (survival, growth, yolk sac and oil droplet consumption, protein and lipid contents) and early developmental events (eye pigmentation and mouth opening). Eggs incubated at 23 °C showed the highest hatching rate (75.5%), but the larvae died 24 h after hatching (hah). Nonetheless, larvae cultivated at 24 °C had the highest survival rates at 48 hah and survived without being fed for over 100 hah. The temperature exhibits a direct effect on protein and lipid content, notochord size and oil droplet volume. In S. rivoliana, the larvae notochord size decreased after the oil droplet was more than half consumed, and at the higher temperature the faster the embryo and larvae depleted their endogenous reserves for growth. Finally, after 96 hah, the optimal mouth opening to ingest adequate rotifers for first feeding has been observed at 22 °C, while best eye pigmentation has been obtained at 24 °C. Therefore, we recommend incubating S. rivoliana eggs at 23 °C. After hatching, we suggest adjusting the temperature to 24 °C to increase the survival percentage and start eye development. Ultimately, after 48 h we encourage to low down the temperature at 22 °C to preserve notochordal length and allow faster mouth formation for further feeding. These optimal temperatures could be operated in the aquaculture industry to improve the management of larval development of S. rivoliana in captivity.

Simulating upland rice yield at diverse temperatures using DSSAT4.7-CERES-Rice crop model under changing climatic conditions in southern Thailand

Declaration of climate emergency reminds that the main source of variations in worldwide food production sourced from developing countries and is of utmost concern. Process-based models use simplified functions to express the interactions between upland rice growth and the major environmental factors (i.e., climate, soils, and management) that affect crops yield. This research was conducted to investigate the DSSAT-CERES-Rice model for simulating the impact of different temperature (28˚C, 30˚C and 32˚C) on upland grain yield (Dawk Pa-yawm, Mai Tahk, Bow Leb Nahng, Dawk Kha 50 and Dawk Kahm). The results showed that the temperature significantly affected the grain yield, flowering, and maturity date. The highest grain yield bearing genotype was Bow leb Nahng (6235.80 kgha -1 ) with the highest variation between the genotypes. At maximum temperature 32˚C simulated grain yield varied from (3194-6669) kgha -1 , at high temperature 30˚C it varied from 3252-6667 kgha -1 while at moderate temperature 28˚C 3189-6711 kgha -1 was the observed range. However, results indicated that moderate temperature i.e., 28˚C gave the highest simulated grain yield. Thus, it was demonstrated that the CERES-Rice model was more useful as a tool for simulating grain yield under the changing different temperature conditions.

Caramelized white chocolate: effects of production process on quality parameters

The impact of different temperatures (110–120 °C) and times (30–120 min) on rheological properties, aroma components, color, browning index, and sensory characteristics of the caramelized white chocolate was examined. Ostwald de Waele model best fitted to flow behavior of the chocolates. The dependency of viscosity on temperature was modeled by the Arrhenius equation. After 90 min of caramelization at 115 °C and 120 °C, the consistency coefficient significantly increased and samples demonstrated doughy structure, with no desirable sensory properties due to the formation of solid particles. The formation of furfural and linalool increased by increasing the time and temperature of caramelization which demonstrated that at 120 °C, the caramelization time should not exceed 90 min otherwise, bitterness flavors, burned and bad taste were sensed. The most desirable samples according to sensory evaluation were at temperatures below 120 °C. Ultimately, the most appropriate process conditions were determined for 110 °C (60–90 min) and 115 °C/60 min.