Imagination Of Researchers Research Articles

The Influence of Imagination and Creativity-Based Science Teaching on Turkish Middle School Students’ Nature of Science Views

This study aimed to investigate the influence of teaching materials that can enrich the views of middle school students about the role of imagination and creativity in scientific research. The study was conducted in a village middle school in Rize Turkey. It used a case study method within the scope of the qualitative research approach, seven activities were designed by the researchers toward the imaginative and creative nature of science (NoS). They were applied to the study group by the first researcher for twelve weeks. Data were collected with four open-ended questions and semi-structured interviews as also reflective writings and worksheets during the intervention. The NoS questionnaire and subsequent interviews were administered to participants twice, at the beginning and the end of the teaching. By using qualitative data, pre-post profiles of the students regarding the NoS were created. Each profile was classified using three-stage categories informed, transitional and naïve. It was concluded that students’ naive views on the imaginary and creative NoS changed towards transitional and/or informed.

A Call to More Imaginative Research into Creative Achievement

ABSTRACT Psychologist J. P. Guildford issued a challenge to study creativity nearly 70 years ago. How well have we done and what might the next steps be in our endeavors to understand creativity? The field of creativity research has examined the internal thinking process of creativity, largely through measures of divergent thinking and remote associates. We have tracked the creative successes of people assumed to be of high talent and high intelligence. And, we have evaluated creative products. More recently, we have correlated various cognitive and personality measures, purported to be linked to creativity, with brain structure and function. In spite of this flurry of activity, there are some problems. These assessments do not provide specific or significant predictive validity of creative achievement. Similarly, while Guilford desired to separate creativity from the purview of intelligence in his challenge, these constructs appear to be as entangled today as they were in the 1950ʹs. When viewing all predictive variables of creative achievement across person, process, and product, we found that the personality trait of openness to experience – provides the best combination of specificity and predictive power. Finally, we join others in calling for more study of imagination as a mental tool that individuals at all skill levels use to predict outcomes, visualize scenarios, and engage in counterfactual thinking – in service of creative achievement.

The Research Imagination During COVID-19: Rethinking Norms of Group Size and Authorship in Anthropological and Anthropology-Adjacent Collaborations

ABSTRACT This article explores some of the ways in which the COVID-19 pandemic has served as a collective critical event for anthropologists and other social scientists, examining how it has promoted new configurations of the research imagination. We draw on our own experiences of participating in a team of 17 researchers, hailing from anthropology and anthropology-adjacent disciplines, to research social life in Aotearoa/New Zealand during the pandemic, examining how our own research imaginations were transformed during, and via, the process of our collaboration. When our project first began, many of us had doubts reflective of norms, prejudices and anxieties that are common in our disciplines: that the group would be too large to function effectively, or that it would be impossible to develop an approach to authorship that would allow everyone to feel their contributions had been adequately recognised. In practice, the large group size was a key strength in allowing our group to work effectively. Difficulties with authorship did not arise from within the group but from disconnects between our preferred ways of working and the ways authorship was imagined within various professional and publishing bodies. We conclude that large-scale collaborations have many points in their favour, and that the research imaginations of funders, journals, universities and professional associations should be broadened to ensure that they are encouraged, supported and adequately rewarded.

“When the Last Shriek Has Died Away”

In 1927, Orson Welles directed Marlowe’s Doctor Faustus for the Federal Theatre Project, in an original interpretation of Hallie Flanagan’s dream of a “people’s theatre.” While the available archives allow for an examination of Welles’s experiment in popular classicism and invite comparisons with the work of French theatre-makers, they also call for an awareness of the part played by our imagination in such retrospective research.

Sonoluminescence as a probe of conditions during cavitation

Acoustic cavitation occurs in all liquids irradiated with sufficient intensity of sound or ultrasound. The collapse of such bubbles creates local heating and provides a unique source of energy for driving chemical reactions. In addition to sonochemical bond scission and formation, cavitation also induces light emission in many liquids. This phenomenon of sonoluminescence (SL) and has captured the imagination of many researchers since it was first observed 85 years ago. SL provides a direct probe of cavitation events and has provided most of our understanding of the conditions created inside collapsing bubbles. Spectroscopic analyses of SL from single acoustically levitated bubbles as well as from clouds of bubbles have revealed molecular, atomic, and ionic line and band emission riding atop an underlying continuum arising from radiative plasma processes. These studies permit quantitative measurement of the intracavity conditions: relative peak intensities for temperature measurements, peak shifts and broadening for pressures, and peak asymmetries for plasma electron densities. Extraordinary conditions are generated inside the collapsing bubbles in ordinary room-temperature liquids – observable temperatures exceeding 15 000 K, pressures >1000 bar, and heating and cooling rates in excess of 1012 K/s. For clouds of cavitating bubbles, multibubble sonoluminescence (MBSL) reveal slightly more moderate local conditions inside bubble clouds of ∼5000 K, ∼300 atm. Biomedical applications of SL will be discussed.

The web conference keynote - AI grand challenges

Everybody has opinions on grand challenges---bold tasks that capture the imagination of researchers and system builders---for AI. One of the earliest set of challenge goals was enunciated by Turing award winner and AAAI President, Raj Reddy, in 1988. I attempt to provide an accounting of the progress that has been made in the field, over the last three decades, towards those challenge goals. While some tasks such as the world-champion chess machine were accomplished in short order, many others remain incomplete. A new set of challenges for the current decade are also proposed, spanning the Health, Wealth and Wisdom spheres. Bridging the gap from narrow AI to general-purpose AI will be required to solve some of these challenges; teaming architectures in the service of humankind will also need to be emphasized. The mantra should be: Of the people, by the people with machines ; for the people!

Say Why You Say It

This paper explores “how ethnographic collaboration configures its data” via examination of three relations: between ethnography as method and writing, between leaky empirical and conceptual sets, and between ethnographic and rhetorical effects. I suggest that writing entails keeping the research imagination alive to two simultaneous processes of scaling—of the empirical within the text, and of diverse sets of literature in mutual relation—always with a specific focus and orientation. What emerges is an image of both ‘ethnographer’ and ‘data’ as hybrid and transformable companions.
 I illustrate with reference to two quite different texts about emerging Mekong realities. Both are elicited as experimental additions to worlds. In that capacity, they are capable of generating reality effects but those effects cannot be preordained. I conclude that ethnographic collaborations find no other grounds than dic cur hic—why, here, now—or as Isabelle Stengers has formulated it “say why you say it.”

Film as Method in the Geohumanities

Filmmaking has become an increasing focus of interest within geography, the geohumanities, and related fields. The use of film ranges from enhanced forms of ethnographic fieldwork to the production of feature-length documentaries shown at international festivals. The making of documentaries has become an increasingly significant research method in itself that has the potential to become a widely recognized type of interdisciplinary research output. How should we interpret the role of film in relation to wider epistemological debates over the production of knowledge? How can we contextualize the methodological turn toward film within the broader historiography of filmmaking and the cinematic apparatus? This article argues that documentary film has a distinctive role to play in expanding the research imagination, enhancing pedagogic practice, reaching new audiences, and producing unique cultural artifacts. At the same time, however, the use of film is also entrained in complex debates concerning the verisimilitude of representational practices and the wider institutional context for the production and evaluation of knowledge.

An Analysis of Imagination Research Trends in Early Childhood Education

본 연구는 국내 유아교육분야의 상상력 관련 연구 현황을 분석함으로써 상상력 교육 연구 방향을 탐색하는 것을 목적으로 하고 있다. 이를 위해 1994년부터 2021년 1월 까지 국내에서 발표된 석·박사 학위 논문과 학술지 논문을 대상으로 상상력 관련 연구의 연구시기, 연구대상, 연구내용, 연구방법 동향을 분석하였다. 연구결과 첫째, 상상력 관련 연구는 매년 꾸준히 수행되다가 2016년 이후 증가한 것으로 나타났다. 둘째, 상상력 관련 연구의 연구대상은 인적대상(50.7%), 실천대상(28.6%), 물적대상(20.8%) 순으로 나타났다. 셋째, 상상력 관련연구의 연구내용은 실천연구(64.8%), 기초연구(35.2%) 순으로 나타났다. 넷째, 상상력 관련연구의 연구 방법은 양적연구(50%), 질적연구(26%), 문헌연구(24%) 순으로 수행된 것으로 나타났다. 이상의 연구 결과를 토대로 유아 상상력 관련 연구 방향을 제시하면 다음과 같다. 우선 유아들의 놀이맥락에서 발현되는 상상력과 교사의 역할에 초점을 맞춘 연구가 요구된다. 또한 상상력 발현을 돕는 물리적 환경에 대한 연구와 상상력 척도개발 연구에 대한 관심이 필요하며, 상상력 교육의 실천 방법을 탐색하는 질적연구가 적극적으로 이루어져야 할 것이다.

Artificial Intelligence's Grand Challenges: Past, Present, and Future

Innovative, bold initiatives that capture the imagination of researchers and system builders are often required to spur a field of science or technology forward. A vision for the future of artificial intelligence was laid out by Turing Award winner Raj Reddy in his 1988 Presidential address to the Association for the Advancement of Artificial Intelligence. It is time to provide an accounting of the progress that has been made in the field, over the last three decades, toward the challenge goals. While some tasks such as the world‐champion chess machine were accomplished in short order, many others, such as self‐replicating systems, require more focus and breakthroughs for completion. A new set of challenges for the current decade is also proposed, spanning the health, wealth, and wisdom spheres.

Imagination and critique in environmental politics

ABSTRACT Against environmentalism’s roots in radical re-thinking of society, mainstream environmental politics has become a largely technical, problem-solving matter of realising concrete targets. Environmental politics scholarship seems to have followed suit, with most publications in journals such as Environmental Politics focusing on realist analyses of mainstream politics as opposed to radical and critical thought. This article contends a solely target-driven discourse loses sight of two vital dimensions of environmental politics: radical imagination and ideology critique. Insofar as the late-capitalist mainstream drives both environmental destruction itself and forms of political domination entwined with it – such as depoliticisation and colonisation – critical and imaginative research that challenges this is urgently needed. I argue environmental politics scholarship, and thus the journals that give it its platform, have a responsibility to actively withstand the biases produced by ideology, by promoting critical and radical work and engaging with the movements for democratisation and decolonisation of academic practice.

Political Imagination and Artistic Research

Political Imagination and Artistic Research

The Chemical Exposome of Human Aging.

Aging is an inevitable biological phenomenon displayed by single cells and organs to entire organismal systems. Aging as a biological process is characterized as a progressive decline in intrinsic biological function. Understanding the causative mechanisms of aging has always captured the imagination of researchers since time immemorial. Although both biological and chronological aging are well defined and studied in terms of genetic, epigenetic, and lifestyle predispositions, the hallmarks of aging in terms of small molecules (i.e., endogenous metabolites to chemical exposures) are limited to obscure. On top of the endogenous metabolites leading to the onset and progression of healthy aging, human beings are constantly exposed to a natural and anthropogenic “chemical” environment round the clock, from conception till death, affecting one’s physiology, health and well-being, and disease predisposition. The research community has started gaining sizeable insights into deciphering the aging factors such as immunosenescence, nutrition, frailty, inflamm-aging, and diseases till date, without much input from their interaction with exogenous chemical exposures. The “exposome” around us, mostly, accelerates the process of aging by affecting the internal biological pathways and signaling mechanisms that result in the deterioration of human health. However, the entirety of exposome on human aging is far from established. This review intends to catalog the known and established associations of the exposome from past studies focusing on aging in humans and other model organisms. Further discussed are the current technologies and informatics tools that enable the study of aging exposotypes, and thus, provide a window of opportunities and challenges to study the “aging exposome” in granular details.

Criatividade e imaginação: a pesquisa como transformação de mundo!

O artigo discute a criatividade e imaginação na pesquisa, questionando a visão dicotomizada: qualitativa versus quantitativa ou mesmo acadêmica versus aplicada. Oferece-se uma visão mais pragmática e orientada ao contexto, fundamentada em uma epistemologia de pesquisa como prática social. Essa aproximação epistemológica é apresentada através de projetos de pesquisa envolvendo métodos da arte para fomentar a criatividade e imaginação. Conclui-se que esta aproximação transforma a pesquisa do conceito de descoberta para o de generatividade, focando-se em questões como “para quem este conhecimento é útil?” Para além de comprovação de hipóteses o foco se dá na produção do conhecimento local. Por fim, o papel do pesquisador também se transforma de “poder sobre” para “poder com” pelo atributo da inclusão dos participantes no processo e no contexto da pesquisa. 
 Publicação autorizada por Guilford Press, New York.
 Tradução: Alexandre José Guimarães Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia de Goiás(https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4256-8959)

Classification of Actual Sensor Network Deployments in Research Studies from 2013 to 2017

Technologies, such as Wireless Sensor Networks (WSN) and Internet of Things (IoT), have captured the imagination of researchers, businesses, and general public, due to breakthroughs in embedded system development, sensing technologies, and ubiquitous connectivity in recent years. That resulted in the emergence of an enormous, difficult-to-navigate body of work related to WSN and IoT. In an ongoing research effort to highlight trends and developments in these technologies and to see whether they are actually deployed rather than subjects of theoretical research with presumed potential use cases, we gathered and codified a dataset of scientific publications from a five-year period from 2013 to 2017 involving actual sensor network deployments, which will serve as a basis for future in-depth analysis of the field. In the first iteration, 15,010 potentially relevant articles were identified in SCOPUS and Web of Science databases; after two iterations, 3059 actual sensor network deployments were extracted from those articles and classified in a consistent way according to different categories, such as type of nodes, field of application, communication types, etc. We publish the resulting dataset with the intent that its further analysis may identify prospective research fields and future trends in WSN and IoT.

Online Food Shopping: A Conceptual Analysis for Research Propositions.

Shopping foods online is different from shopping other things online. To stimulate more thinking and enrich potential future research imagination, this paper reviews for online food shopping features, offers a commentary, and proposes future research directions. The propositions include the following: (1) The design and implementation of online food shopping (eco)systems should engage the consumers and other stakeholders to co-create collective and social values; (2) A better fit between technologies’ and food businesses’ natures could generate better applications for online food shopping; (3) A business model with sound finance systems becomes the core of a healthy online food ecosystem; (4) The interaction and transformation between online (virtual) and offline (virtual) food businesses determines the dynamic development of future food shopping.

Discursive constructions of night sky experiences: Imagination and imaginaries in national park visitor narratives

Communities and protected areas worldwide have initiated programs to protect and promote dark night skies. Yet, limited research has explored how and why night skies become of interest or meaningful to people. Because night skies are literally beyond human reach, we focus on how visitors to a U.S. national park imagine night skies and invoke imaginaries that make night skies meaningful. Drawing from interviews, we examine how visitors use symbolic language, narrative, and other discursive practices to develop the social, cultural, and spatial contexts of their night sky experiences. Findings inform our understanding of imagination and imaginaries in tourism and recreation research, while offering new approaches to night skies research.

Analysis of the Image of China in Japanese Literature

Due to the established narrative patterns and powerful and profound ideological influences of classical Chinese literature, the image of China has been reinterpretation during the process of imagination, construction, and experience of Japanese writer or researcher, with many distortions and misinterpretations. The image of China in Japanese literature is an impression and illusion formed by the combination of cultural awareness and literary classics. The following article will analyze and sort out the Chinese image in Japanese literature.

Metaphysics of Presence and Difference: A Comparison of the Belief Systems Inherent in the Methodologies of Arts Based Research and A/r/tography

Arts-integrating approaches to research are increasingly engaged in the field of education. Arts-integrating approaches offer exciting opportunities for engaging creativity and imagination in research. However, researchers should be aware that the field of arts-integrating research encompasses a number of distinct methodologies, which entail varying understandings of what constitutes knowledge. From my (arts-integrating and phenomenological) comparative inquiry into two research methodologies, arts based research and a/r/tography, I conclude that they differ in their conceptions of knowledge, and that this difference is underpinned by differing beliefs regarding the nature of reality and being. Arts based research, as elaborated by Elliot Eisner and colleague Tom Barone (Barone & Eisner, 2006; Eisner, 1991) aligns with what may be called a metaphysics of presence, while a/r/tography, as elaborated by Rita Irwin and colleagues (Irwin & de Cossan, 2004; Springgay et al., 2008) espouses what may be called a metaphysics of difference. My inquiry parses the essential elements of these contrasting belief systems through two categories that I term primacy and unity. My findings provide a useful reflection on the unavoidably paradigmatic nature of all research.

Advances towards programmable droplet transport on solid surfaces and its applications.

Droplets moving on solid surfaces are at the heart of many phenomena of fundamental and applied interest in chemistry, physics and materials science. On the fundamental side, as they are often subject to evaporation, these droplets are a beautiful and complex example of non-equilibrium physical chemistry, whose explanation and understanding still capture the imagination of multiple researchers around the world. In technology, droplets on solid surfaces are of widespread use for handling small amounts of matter, for harvesting energy, for manufacturing materials and for sensing chemical and biological analytes. A key underlying factor of their widespread applicability is the degree of control that can be achieved over their transport on surfaces. This tutorial review provides an overview of recent progress towards the programmable transport of droplets on solid surfaces. We will first present the physical principles behind the main experimental strategies for droplet transport. We will then review the most inspiring applications where these strategies have been employed in chemistry, materials science and engineering. Finally, we will outline possible future research directions for the programmable transport of droplets. Beyond projecting the reader at the forefront of this exciting field of physical chemistry, we believe that this tutorial review will inspire diverse, multidisciplinary scientific communities to devise novel ways of manipulating the flow of matter, energy and information on solid surfaces using programmable droplets as vessels.