Ideal Standards Research Articles

Obesity and Aging: Optimizing Health at the Intersection of Ageism and Weight Bias

Obesity is a chronic and complex disease that can negatively impact health, functioning and quality of life. In the past decade, obesity's largest prevalence growth occurred in older adults, particularly among racial and ethnic minorities. By the year 2030, an estimated 50% of the population over 65 is likely to be living with obesity. Until recently, little attention has been given to obesity as a chronic disease, and those living with obesity have encountered challenges accessing high quality medical care. Despite growing evidence for bariatric and obesity medicine, these treatments remain inaccessible for most patients, especially for older adults. Obesity research focused on older adults has been very limited and ideal weight standards for older adults are more controversial, especially in later life where frailty and sarcopenia may develop. As concerns about the public health effects of obesity have risen in the U.S., so too have negative and stigmatized views of individuals with obesity. Weight stigma has serious negative emotional and physical health consequences including low self-esteem, negative body image, engagement in disordered eating patterns, reduced physical activity and may promote weight gain. Older adults with obesity may encounter the double stigma of both ageism and weight bias, which are two of the most socially acceptable forms of bias and discrimination in the U.S. This interactive session will focus on three areas related to obesity and older adults. Through case examples, small and large group discussions, the presenters will: i) explore potential weight bias amongst participants and discuss strategies to mitigate this bias in working with older adults; ii) discuss complex connections between obesity and frailty syndrome in older adults, and the risks associated with weight loss in later life; iii) introduce evidence-based assessment and treatment recommendations for older adults interested in obesity treatment. This session will focus on the role of psychiatrists and other mental health clinicians in the care of older patients with co-morbid obesity and mental health disorders. Also, presenters will discuss the importance of increasing awareness, advocacy, and practical strategies to combat the impact of weight bias and ageism in healthcare settings. Ultimately, the goal is to raise awareness of this complex problem and provide clinically helpful information to improve care for older patients with obesity. This symposium is sponsored by the AAGP's IDEA committee.

The Influence of Gender Roles on Eating Attitudes: A Study Among Female College Students Abstract

Introduction Eating disorders (ED) are serious mental and physical illnesses that involve complex and damaging relationships with eating, exercise, and body image. They emerge due to a multifaceted interplay of factors, including familial predispositions, personality traits, and cultural influences. While societal beauty standards are recognized as significant risk factors, it is hypothesized that the roles and responsibilities associated with adult womanhood may also contribute to their development. In particular, the unique challenges faced by women, especially in developing countries like Turkey, may lead to discontent with traditional gender roles.ObjectivesThis study aims to explore the connection between eating disorders, female identity perceptions, body attitudes, expectations regarding women’s roles within families, and their potential association with body dysphoria. We investigate whether eating disorders are linked to a form of sexual dysphoria and body dysmorphia related to femininity rather than solely driven by societal beauty ideals.MethodsData from 228 female college students, both undergraduate and graduate, were collected via online surveys. The survey instruments included a sociodemographic form, the Eating Attitude Test, the Gender Roles Attitude Scale, and the Multidimensional Body-Self Relations Questionnaire.ResultsThe average age of the participants was 24.41 (18-33) years. Regression analysis revealed that age (β=-0.155, p=0.015), the belief that physical appearance would be less important if they were male (β=0.292, p<0.001), and maternal criticism about weight (β=0.239, p<0.001) were influential factors in shaping eating attitudes. Surprisingly, no significant relationship was found between eating attitudes and traditional gender roles (β=0.072, p=0.246). However, we did establish a connection between aspiring to meet ideal thinness standards and perceiving women as disadvantaged in the workplace due to their traditional gender roles (t(226)=2.32, p=0.021), as well as with maternal criticism (t(225)=3.55, p<0.001).ConclusionsOur findings suggest that the absence of a direct link between eating attitudes and traditional gender roles may be attributed to an individual’s perception of their environment rather than their self-assessment of masculinity within an egalitarian context. Notably, maternal influences specifically their criticism regarding their daughters’ weight and the roles assigned to mothers significantly shape these perceptions and, consequently, eating behaviors, aligning with existing literature (Ferreira et al., 2021). This underscores the need to consider eating disorders within a broader biopsychosocial framework, encompassing attitudes toward the world and one’s role within it.Disclosure of InterestNone Declared

Preserving Cultural Identity: The Imperative of Prioritizing Indonesian Character Values in English Textbooks to Safeguard Against Cultural Hegemony in Language Learning

This article discusses the need to prioritise Indonesian cultural character values in English textbooks as a strategy to maintain cultural identity and counter the hegemony of Western cultural values in language learning in Indonesia. In the context of this research, the phenomenon is based on English textbooks for high school students in grades XI and XII in Indonesia. This research method uses library research. The main instrument of this research is the researcher himself as a "human instrument". The data analysis technique is descriptive qualitative, which includes activities: data collection, display and discussion, and conclusion drawing. The results of the study show the following. Firstly, this study notes a number of trends that may be troubling, including the lack of representation of local values and the dominance of Western elements. Secondly, the factors causing this slide involve both external and internal aspects. Externally, relating to the theory that language learning is inseparable from cultural learning provides a foundation for the internalisation of Western culture in English language learning. Internally, the influence of modernism as well as the syndrome of being a former Western colony led to an inferiority complex in cultural awareness, reinforcing the adoption of Western cultural values as the inevitable ideal standard. By exploring concrete strategies to promote Indonesian cultural values, this article advocates for a profound change in English teaching approaches to build a sense of identity and cultural diversity amidst the challenges of global values hegemony.

To Study "The Impact of Social Media on Body Image Dissatisfaction and Cyberbullying among Young Adults"

The aim of this study is to uncover the whole interconnectedness of the social media use and the construction of ideal body-image standards by the young adults within the age-range from 18 to 24. Social media platforms such as Instagram and Snapchat give their users access to beauty standards that are tailor- made, ending up being surreal beauty ideals. The processes of social comparison via and among peers through social media platforms create a digital eco-system that rewards conformity to these standards of beauty. The study looks into the underlying processes that lead to body image perception being channeled through social media and, ultimately, to body dissatisfaction in this group of people. The study explores the frequency of cyberbullying, psychological implications, and effects on a general well-being to yield clues into the complicated relationship between social media and body positive standards. Comprehending this dynamic is the core to building up interventions and strategies to improve thoughts of body image and to lessen the adverse effects of social media on young people.

Evaluating education quality as a research instrument: A systematic review

The pursuit of quality reflects a fundamental aspiration toward perfection, embodying a commitment to ideal principles and standards. Those who strive for excellence are expected to imbue their work with a sense of conscience and morality. This is particularly salient in organizations that provide services to individuals, including universities, schools, companies, and other educational institutions. In educational contexts, the presence of conscience and morality is crucial for several reasons. First, these attributes cultivate a favorable and principled atmosphere that encourages sincerity, uprightness, and impartiality among students, teachers, and staff members. The aim of this study was to investigate the concept of quality in education and the assessment methods used, drawing on previous studies. Despite numerous studies on this topic, a comprehensive understanding of the quality of education and evaluation tools has yet to be achieved. This study emphasizes the importance of educational quality and stresses the need for educational institutions to gain a thorough understanding of it and stay up-to-date with the latest developments in evaluation methods. Quality in education pertains to the extent of progress made and the fulfillment of expectations by students, parents, and teachers. The evaluation of educational quality is crucial, and there are various methods available for this purpose. One method for evaluating educational quality is to analyze students' exam results and compare them to previous results. Additional indicators of educational quality include students' discipline, their ability to participate in higher education, and their employability. Other factors to consider when evaluating educational quality include educational inspection, retention rates in schools, examination type, course quality, efficiency, effectiveness, cost-effectiveness, school management, and guardians' satisfaction with their children's education. By evaluating these aspects, educational institutions can assess the quality of the educational process and implement necessary improvements.

Analisis Truck Round Time di Lapangan Petikemas Ekspor dalam Kegiatan Receiving di Terminal Petikemas Koja

This research aims to identify the causes of problems or obstacles related to receiving activities, starting from trucks entering the gate-in to leaving the gate-out at the Koja Container Terminal, and providing an understanding of the impacts resulting from the identified problems or obstacles. The research method used is descriptive qualitative, which describes and explains the conditions, phenomena or research variables studied. Truck Round Time analysis at the export container terminal shows that there are several obstacles in the process of receiving containers at the stacking yard. The time of receiving activities can be seen from the length of Truck Round Time, where only 33% of that time reaches the ideal standard, while 67% is still below the ideal standard. The length of time for receiving activities that do not reach ideal standards has negative impacts, such as the potential for congestion inside or outside the terminal, which can harm the good name of the Koja Container Terminal, reduce customer loyalty and satisfaction with the terminal, and hamper other operational processes within. Keywords: Receiving, Container Terminal, Truck Round Time

Theoretical considerations for root canal re-treatment

When considering performing root canal re-treatment, we must first consider why the original treatment failed. Failure of root canal treatments can occur when ideal technical standards for control of the root canal infection are not achieved. Sometimes, extra-radicular infection may prevent a successful treatment outcome. Teeth with post-treatment peri-apical infection can be managed by either non-surgical or surgical root canal re-treatment, both of which aim to restore health to the peri-apical tissues and prolong the survival of the tooth in the oral cavity. CPD/Clinical Relevance: Examples of different clinical circumstances that were considered for root canal re-treatment are presented.

Analysis of The Main Character’s Personality in “The Midnight Library” Novel By Matt Haig

This research has the purpose of finding out the personality of the protagonist in the novel entitled “The Midnight Library” written by Matt Haig. The researcher had used the theory of psychoanalysis by Sigmund Freud in order to analyse on Nora’s personality, the protagonist of the novel. Freud had introduced psychoanalysis on human psyche, which consisted of three aspects, they are the id, the ego, and the superego. The design of this research is descriptive qualitative research, which the data collection is using the method of library research and data analysing is using descriptive analysis method, both theorized by Ratna (2004). It results on the findings of 4 data of id aspect, 3 data of ego aspect, and 5 data of superego. It can be concluded from the analysis result that the main character of the novel, Nora Seed, was controlled the most by her superego, where she built her superego personality through her experiences and journeys in finding the right life for herself. The aspect of superego shown by Nora reflected to ideal standard of society’s moral and rules.

Analysis of The Main Character’s Personality in “The Midnight Library” Novel By Matt Haig

This research has the purpose of finding out the personality of the protagonist in the novel entitled “The Midnight Library” written by Matt Haig. The researcher had used the theory of psychoanalysis by Sigmund Freud in order to analyse on Nora’s personality, the protagonist of the novel. Freud had introduced psychoanalysis on human psyche, which consisted of three aspects, they are the id, the ego, and the superego. The design of this research is descriptive qualitative research, which the data collection is using the method of library research and data analysing is using descriptive analysis method, both theorized by Ratna (2004). It results on the findings of 4 data of id aspect, 3 data of ego aspect, and 5 data of superego. It can be concluded from the analysis result that the main character of the novel, Nora Seed, was controlled the most by her superego, where she built her superego personality through her experiences and journeys in finding the right life for herself. The aspect of superego shown by Nora reflected to ideal standard of society’s moral and rules.

The Impact of Body Shaming on Teenage Girls

The mass media has an important role in creating a view of ideal body standards. The existence of ideal body standards that emerge in society causes many individuals to experience body shaming. So that society has an indicator of a woman's beauty that is seen from her physical appearance. Body shaming is a person's action or treatment in giving bad comments or criticism about someone's physical appearance, whether related to body condition or appearance, which is done consciously or unconsciously. This form of body shaming is dominated by the color, shape and size of the body in the form of verbal communication and some even takes the form of physical violence. The research method uses a qualitative approach, with descriptive methods. Data was taken from in-depth interviews and journal sources. The results of this research show that body shaming still occurs among teenagers. Often body shaming behavior occurs in middle school or high school. The impacts felt are also very bad, namely stress, depression and loss of self-confidence. As a result, victims of body shaming try to change themselves according to the appearance standards that have been constructed by society. Body shaming behavior can cause discrimination and verbal violence against individuals.

The Effectiveness of Cinematherapy Techniques for Reducing Body Dissatisfaction in Early Adult Women

Ideal beauty standards in society can cause early adult women to experience body dissatisfaction, so efforts are needed in the form of cinematherapy intervention. This study aims to determine the effectiveness of cinematherapy techniques to reduce body dissatisfaction in early adult women. The subjects in this research were 6 students from the Faculty of Economics aged 18-25 years. This research uses a pre-experimental research design, one group pretest-posttest design. This research uses the Wilcoxon test with the results of data analysis which obtained a significance level value of p = 0.0135 (p < 0.05), meaning that H0 is rejected and Ha is accepted. The results of this study indicate that cinematherapy techniques are effective in reducing body dissatisfaction in early adult women. So it can be concluded that cinematherapy techniques can be used to reduce body dissatisfaction in early adult women

The Relationship between Body Shaming and Eating Disorder Tendencies in Overweight Early Adult Women

The phenomenon of body shaming behavior is still often found among the public, especially in early adult women. One of the factors that cause individuals to do body shaming is eating disorder behavior that makes individuals less satisfied with body shape and feel that they do not reach ideal standards. This study aims to determine the relationship of body shaming to the tendency of eating disorders in early adult women. The sample in this study was 350 early adult female subjects aged 18-25 years who were domiciled in Makassar City. The sample is obtained by filling out the scan link via google form. Data collection was carried out using two research instruments, namely the body shaming scale and the eating disorder tendency clause. Test the hypothesis using Wilcoxon Theta correlation analysis. The results showed that there was a positive relationship between body shaming and eating disorder tendencies in early adult women with a theta result of 0.536. That is, the higher the tendency to eating disorder, the higher the body shaming experienced by the subject.

Development of hydrogel-based standards and phantoms for non-linear imaging at depth.

Rapid advances in medical imaging technology, particularly the development of optical systems with non-linear imaging modalities, are boosting deep tissue imaging. The development of reliable standards and phantoms is critical for validation and optimization of these cutting-edge imaging techniques. We aim to design and fabricate flexible, multi-layered hydrogel-based optical standards and evaluate advanced optical imaging techniques at depth. Standards were made using a robust double-network hydrogel matrix consisting of agarose and polyacrylamide. The materials generated ranged from single layers to more complex constructs consisting of up to seven layers, with modality-specific markers embedded between the layers. These standards proved useful in the determination of the axial scaling factor for light microscopy and allowed for depth evaluation for different imaging modalities (conventional one-photon excitation fluorescence imaging, two-photon excitation fluorescence imaging, second harmonic generation imaging, and coherent anti-Stokes Raman scattering) achieving actual depths of 1550, 1550, 1240, and , respectively. Once fabricated, the phantoms were found to be stable for many months. The ability to image at depth, the phantom's robustness and flexible layered structure, and the ready incorporation of "optical markers" make these ideal depth standards for the validation of a variety of imaging modalities.

Investigation the optical properties of Palestinian olive oils for different geographical regions by optical spectroscopy technique

Olive oil serves as a significant source of income for Palestinian farmers, both on a national and international scale. This study focuses on assessing the quality and identifying key compounds in olive oils from different regions, employing UV–visible absorption and photoluminescence spectroscopy. UV-visible absorbance analysis uncovered specific absorption bands associated with chlorophyll, and carotenoids. Additional measurements at 232, 266, 270, and 274 nm, along with K values calculations, indicated that the oils from these regions are predominantly extra virgin. Photoluminescence measurements in two and three dimensions revealed three distinct emission bands. The first, peaking at 320 nm, was linked to polyphenols, the second, a red emission at 670 nm, to chlorophyll, and the third, spanning 400–580 nm, to oxidation products and vitamin E. When examining olive oil adulteration with sunflower oil, both absorption and photoluminescence data exhibited a significant reduction in peak intensity for chlorophyll, carotenoids, and polyphenols. Additionally, this research explored pigment content in olives from various geographic origins, finding that the ratio values align with ideal standards for Extra Virgin Olive Oil (EVOO) and provided insights into the percentage of lutein within the carotenoid composition.

The Influence of Social Media on Womens Body Image

The purpose of this article is to discuss how social media has changed womens body image. Firstly, the researcher provides an introduction to the definition and significance of body image, along with an overview. Subsequently, researcher will then delve into the characteristics of social media in shaping womens physical appearance ideals, and examine its impact on womens perceptions of their bodies. The impact of traditional media and social media on body image is compared by the researcher. Furthermore, the researcher analyzes various factors contributing to body image issues on social media, including the thin ideal and beauty standards, filtered reality and Photoshop culture, comparison and envy on social media, and the influence of influencers and celebrities on body image. The researcher discusses the negative consequences of unattainable body image ideals, such as the development of dieting or binge eating, and the psychological impact on womens mental health. Additionally, the researcher proposes positive strategies and interventions, such as media literacy programs and education, positive body image campaigns, self-acceptance, and self-care practices. Finally, the researcher outlines future research directions, including identifying gaps in existing literature, investigating the influence of social media on male body image, and examining potential policy and health intervention implications.

ASSESSING THE EFFECTIVENESS OF INPAINTING TECHNIQUES FOR ENHANCING FEATURE EXTRACTION QUALITY IN REMOTE SENSING IMAGERY

Abstract. Remote Sensing (RS) images have been used in several applications of interest for society. Despite the precision and robustness derived from RS images, several aerial scenes exhibit imperfections and fall short of attaining ideal quality standards, as some of them present distortions such as noise, blur, and stripes. An alternative approach to deal with such distortions is by applying Inpainting techniques, however, under certain circumstances, this type of approach requires to be evaluated by quantitative metrics to assess the final quality of the reconstruction. Therefore, this paper focus on the issue of quantitatively evaluating inpainting results in the context of RS by analysing and comparing new evaluation metrics in contrast to the classical ones from the general literature of RS. More precisely, two inpainting techniques are applied for object removal and reconstruction of partially detected curvilinear cartographic features in RS images. Next, the obtained results are evaluated by taking six evaluation metrics to assess the agreement level between the metrics, as well as between qualitative evaluations conducted by human agents. Based on the evaluation of these metrics when applied to RS images, it can be concluded that the DISTS and VSI metrics are the most promising candidates for adaptation and application within the specific context of RS.

Method design of interactive digital devices to support the workspace comfort

There are many alterations and adaptations of the workspaces after the Covid-19 pandemic. Nowadays, workspaces are required to have flexibility in facilitating physical and virtual activities, work-from-home (WFH), and work-from-office (WFO) activities. Besides, workspaces must provide comfort based on user preferences and demand to support workers’ health and productivity. In order to answer these problems, the design of interactive digital devices that can be adjusted according to physical needs, activities, and preferences is needed to support the ideal workspace comfort. The research method used in this research is a literature review related to ideal workspace comfort standards and an assessment of the Arduino as an interactive digital device to produce an interactive digital device method design that can detect ideal comfort and be applied to workspaces. The result shows that as an interactive digital device, Arduino can be implemented in a workspace to detect and produce ideal workspace comfort regarding lighting, noise, temperature, and humidity. Arduino also supports flexibility and varied demand in a workspace because of its adjustable artificial intelligence feature. The ideal standard of workspace differs based on the activities and geographical conditions of the country and is related to the varied preferences of its users. Based on its complexity, for further research to be carried out, it is recommended to conduct a case study of ideal workspace interior design with an Arduino device in a specific place to generate more accurate data and suitable workspace design.

History of the Hematology Proficiency Exam and the Turkish Experience

Objective: The purpose of the present paper was to provide information about the Turkish Society of Hematology Proficiency Exam and to raise awareness about continuing medical education and proficiency certification.
 Method: The data of the theoretical proficiency exams organized by the Turkish Society of Hematology since 2010 and the participation of Turkish hematologists in the European Hematology Examinations organized since 2017 were evaluated in the study. The number of hematology assistants and specialists who applied for the exam and the success levels of the participants were investigated.
 Results: A total of 10 Hematology Proficiency Written Exams have been administered since 2010 and a total of 108 candidates applied for the exam. A total of 53.7% (58 candidates) of the test takers were female and 46.3% (50 candidates) were male. According to the results of the proficiency exam that has been applied since 2010, almost all of the candidates (99%) were successful in the exam. The proficiency oral/practical exam was held for the first time on 29.04.2023.
 Conclusion: Proficiency exams are essential to provide an ideal level and standardization in hematology education. When compared to the European Hematology Examination, participation in the proficiency exam is lower than expected in our country. Hematologists should be encouraged to participate in the Hematology Proficiency Exam organized by the Hematology Medical Specialization Qualification Commission (HEM-TUYEK). Hematologists must also be supported to have a certificate of competence, which is an indicator of professionalism and continuous medical education.

The Power of Chaos

The Power of Chaos

Constraint Factors for Implementation of Green Construction Concept in Building Development Project in West Sumatra Province

The construction development in West Sumatra province has not applied much green construction concept. This study aims to identify obstacles in implementing green construction in building construction projects and recommend appropriate solutions for local contractors in overcoming obstacles in their implementation. This research is quantitative descriptive research through the use of questionnaire surveys to selected respondents. The results of data analysis with the parameter ranking weighting method, significant obstacle factors were obtained, including; The implementation of green construction needs longer duration; Lack of ideal guidelines and operational standards regarding the implementation of green construction; The increase of project costs in purchase and management of construction materials; Unreadiness in recruiting professionals and project risks in the project closing out due to specific contract forms. Based on the results, it is expected that the government establishes operational guidelines for the implementation of green construction, prepares an adapted budget and schedule for green construction, professional training and appropriate risk mitigation plan related to green construction contracts.