Hydrochloric Solution Research Articles

Determination of endogenous phenolic compounds in honey by HPLC-MS/MS

To achieve the highly selective, sensitive, and universal analysis of endogenous phenolic compounds in honey, 24 phenolic compounds were simultaneously analyzed using high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry. Honey samples were extracted using ethyl acetate and 0.01 mol/L hydrochloric acid aqueous solution in two stages and cleaned by hydrophilic-lipophilic balanced columns. The 24 analytes exhibited good linearity, with coefficients of determination (R2) higher than 0.99. The limits of detection and quantitation were 0.2–1.0 and 0.6–3.0 μg/kg, respectively; the recoveries were 71.5%–115.2%, and the intra- and inter-day relative standard deviations were both <10%. Nine phenolic compounds, namely, 4-hydroxybenzoic acid, rutin, vanillic acid, hyperoside, p-coumaric acid, syringic acid, caffeic acid, ferulic acid, and gallic acid, were detected and quantified in honey samples collected from the Xinjiang province of China. The results show that the method was simple, highly sensitive, and accurate as well as suitable for the simultaneous analysis of endogenous phenolic compounds in honey samples.

Determination of 25 quaternary ammonium compounds in sludge by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry.

With the pandemic of COVID-19, the application of quaternary ammonium compounds (QACs), which can be used in SARS-CoV-2 disinfection products, has increased substantially. QACs cumulated in sewer system are ultimately deposited and enriched in sludge. QACs in the environment can adversely affect human health and the environment. In this study, a liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry method was established for the simultaneous determination of 25 QACs in sludge samples. Ultrasonic extraction and filtration of the samples was performed using a 50mM hydrochloric acid-methanol solution. The samples were separated by liquid chromatography and detected in multiple reaction monitoring mode. The matrix effects of the sludge on the 25 QACs ranged from - 25.5% to 7.2%. All substances showed good linearity in the range of 0.5-100ng/mL, with all determination coefficients (R2) greater than 0.999. The method detection limits (MDLs) were 9.0ng/g for alkyltrimethylammonium chloride (ATMAC), 3.0ng/g for benzylalkyldimethylammonium chloride (BAC), and 3.0ng/g for dialkyldimethylammonium chloride (DADMAC). The spiked recovery rates were in the range of 74-107%, while the relative standard deviations were in the range of 0.8-20.6%. Considering its sensitivity, accuracy, and easy operation, the proposed method in this study was used to determine 22 sludge samples collected from a comprehensive wastewater treatment plant. The results showed that the concentrations of ΣATMACs, ΣBACs, and ΣDADMACs were 19.684, 3.199, and 8.344μg/g, respectively. The main components included ATMAC-C16, ATMAC-C18, ATMAC-C20, ATMAC-C22, BAC-C12, and DADMAC-C18:C18, with concentrations exceeding 1.0μg/g. The concentration relationships of different components in the congeners showed that some components were of similar origin.

Development of structural colored TiO2 thin films by varied etching solutions

Currently, one of the most important problems is water scarcity due to increasing population and environmental factors. Humankind can overcome this problem by recycling polluted water. The structural colors obtained from photonic crystal structures draw attention with fadeless bright color, combined with low toxicity and eco-friendliness. In this study, different etching/anodizing processes were applied to obtain Fabry-Perot and Photonic Crystal Ti-TiO2 structures. Structural colors owing to the morphology of the anatase phase on the surface of the samples etched with hydrochloric, sulfuric, and hydrofluoric acid-based solutions were obtained. The structural color of the formation on the titanium surfaces is related to the Fabry-Perot structures, while variations were correlated with Photonic Crystal surface morphologies. Because the high reflectance values contributed to the structural color formation, the photocatalytic efficiency of the samples etched with acid-based solutions was found to be lower than the samples etched with basic sodium and potassium hydroxide solutions. High-efficiency structural color reactors can be obtained by shifting the reflected wavelength range from the absorption wavelength range of the pollution material.

Enhanced corrosion inhibition of copper in acidic environment by cathodic control of interface formation with 2-mercaptobenzothiazole

Electrochemistry along with advanced surface analyzes (X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry) were implemented to investigate copper corrosion inhibition by 2-mercaptobenzothiazole (2-MBT) in hydrochloric aqueous solution and the effects of electrochemical control on the formation of the inhibiting interface. It is shown that reducing the native surface oxide by cathodic reduction prior to exposure to the inhibitor drastically decreases the rate of anodic dissolution. Additionally, increasing the exposure time of the metal surface to the inhibitor results in even better protection against dissolution. 2-MBT adsorbs as multilayers and bonds to both metallic copper and residual copper oxide islands via its sulphur atoms. Partial dissociation of the molecule, releasing the exocyclic sulphur, which then bonds to metallic Cu, is observed. Further dissociation of the molecule, releasing the endocyclic sulphur, is induced by anodic polarization, forming defects in the organic layer and thus compromising the barrier properties of the organic layer.

Preparation and characterization of fast-release oral film formulation containing ondansetron hydrochloride solid dispersion

Ondansetron has been widely applied as an antiemetic drug in the treatment or prevention of nausea and vomiting caused by emetic cancer chemotherapy . Fast-release films have the advantages of rapid drug release and improved patients’compliance, especially for the disabled bedridden, the elderly or pediatric patients.The basic film-forming materials were studied through single factor tests and the crystal inhibitors were optimized using solid dispersion technique. The ratio of drug and polymers were optimized by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC) which revealed there was no presence of crystal in the optimized solid dispersion. The final film was white thin films and was smooth in surface without obvious bubbles or cracks. Mean weight of each film was 40~50mg. Mean thichness was 60~70μm. Surface pH was 6.4~6.6. The films could release 85% of drug with 1.5min in 0.1mol/L HCl and within 30min in pH6.8PBS. Pharmacolinetic experiment of Ondansetron Hydrochloric solution, marketed films Zuplenz® and the preparation were carried out in rats. As a result, the films of Ondansetron Hydrochloric containing ondansetron solid dispersion had the advantages of fast drug release, improved patient compliance, higher bioavalibility compared to oral solution and the marketed films.

Preferential recovery and separation of rhodium in the concentrated hydrochloric acid using thin-layer oil membrane extraction based on laminar flow

The unique characteristics of the interface environment that distinguish bulk phases can promote or inhibit certain reactions and significantly change chemical reactivity. In this work, the separation of Rh (III) and Fe (III) on the surface of concentrated hydrochloric acid was studied by a thin-layer oil membrane (TOM) extraction based on laminar flow with 18-Crown-6-ether (18C6) as the extractant. A new phenomenon different from conventional extraction was found. The TOM extraction prefers to identify hydrated Rh (III) anions rather than H3O+ ions at the interface due to a lower concentration of free hydrated hydrogen ions on the surface of concentrated hydrochloric acid. However, during the conventional extraction, the H3O+ ions in the bulk phase are preferentially extracted by the 18C6, and then the hydrated rhodium (III) anions could be extracted by the protonated crown ether through the ion association mechanism. Besides, it was found that the TOM extraction could enhance extraction of hydrated rhodium (III) anions by taking advantage of the uniqueness of rhodium species on the interface, and by adjusting the thickness of the oil membrane and the flow rate of the aqueous phase. The decrease in the oil membrane thickness and the increase in the flow rate of the aqueous phase are conducive to the complexation of 18C6 with the hydrated rhodium (III) at the interface, which can better reflect the targeting and the controllability of extracting single species of hydrated rhodium (III) ions at the interface. Considering the applications of selective recovery of Rh (III) from concentrated hydrochloric acid leaching solution of waste automobile catalyst, the selective separability of Rh (III) to other coexisting metal impurity ions such as Fe (III), Cu (II), Co (III) and Ni (II), was also evaluated. This work provides a new strategy for preferential recovery and separation of rhodium in concentrated hydrochloric acid leach solutions containing other base metal ions for possible future's application.

Extraction, Identification and Antioxidant Activity of 3-Deoxyanthocyanidins from Sorghum bicolor L. Moench Cultivated in China.

3-deoxyanthocyanidins (3-DAs) are typical flavonoids found in sorghum bran, and they have received much attention in recent years owing to their bioactivities. To further enhance the resource utilization of sorghums cultivated in China, three brewing sorghum cultivars (Liaoza-48, Liaonuo-11, and Liaonian-3) commonly used in China were selected as raw materials for the construction of an extraction technology system for 3-DAs and the clarification of their structures and bioactivities. Based on single-factor experiments and response surface analysis, the optimized system for the extraction of 3-DAs from sorghum grains was as follows: a hydrochloric acid-methanol solution (1:100, v/v) was the extraction solvent, the solid-liquid ratio was 1:20 (g/mL), the extraction time was 130 min, and the temperature was 40 °C. This extraction system was simple and feasible. High performance liquid chromatography analysis suggested that the main monomeric compounds of the extracted 3-DAs were Apigeninidin (AE) and Luteolinidin (LE). Among the three selected sorghum grains, Liaoza-48 had the highest amount of AE (329.64 μg/g) and LE (97.18 μg/g). Antioxidant experiments indicated that the 3-DAs extracted from Liaoza-48 showed higher free-radical scavenging activities for DPPH, ABTS+, and hydroxyl radicals than those extracted from Liaonuo-11 and Liaonian-3. These results provide basic data and technical support for the high-value and comprehensive utilization of sorghums in China.

A combined experimental and thermodynamics study of mild steel corrosion inhibition in 1.0 M hydrochloric solution by the cationic polymer Amberlite®IRC-50 resin extract

The inhibiting impact of the adsorbent cationic polymer Amberlite®IRC-50 resin extract inhibitor, on mild steel (MS) corrosion in molar HCl solution has examined. For this purpose, Potentiodynamic Polarization measurements have been carried out and electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy (EIS). It has perceived that the increase of inhibitor concentration managed to significant corrosion rate reduction of MS in molar hydrochloric acid solution, with inhibitive efficiency, value reaching 91.3% at 10−3M inhibitor concentration. The inhibition efficiency augmented with inhibitor concentration increase. Temperature influence on the corrosion comportment of MS in molar HCl at the inhibitors optimal concentration of 10−3M studied in the ambit of temperature 298-328 K. Polarization plots showed that Amberlite®IRC-50 resin extract acted as mixed type inhibitors. The technical adsorption mechanism of the studied was consistent with the Langmuir isotherm model. The corroded surface have also analyzed by SEM/EDX, technique.

Novel multi-component crystals of berberine with improved pharmaceutical properties.

As an extremely popular natural product, berberine (BER) is mainly used for gastroenteritis and diarrhoea caused by bacteria. Research has also revealed the potent and extensive pharmacological properties of BER including its anti-arrhythmic, anti-tumour, anti-inflammatory and hypoglycemic activities and so on; therefore, BER is a promising drug for further development. However, its commercial form with hydrochloride exhibits poor stability and solubility, which are detrimental to its clinical therapeutic effects. For these purposes, the salt form was regulated via the reactive crystallization of 8-hydroxy-7,8-dihydroberberine (8H-HBER) with five pharmaceutically suitable organic acids including malonic acid (MA), L-tartaric acid (LTA), D-tartaric acid (DTA), DL-tartaric acid (DLTA) and citric acid (CA), resulting in the six novel solid forms 1BER-1LTA-1W, 1BER-1DTA-1W, 1BER-1DLTA and 2BER-2CA as well as two rare multi-stoichiometric solid forms 1BER-1MA and 1BER-2MA-2W. The preparation of the multi-stoichiometric products was greatly influenced by both the crystallization solvent type and the molar ratio of reactants. The structures of these multi-component solid forms were determined using single-crystal X-ray diffraction and further characterized by powder X-ray diffraction, thermal analysis and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. Stability experiments showed that all samples prepared had superior physical stability under high temperature and high humidity. Furthermore, dissolution experiments demonstrated that the maximum apparent solubilities (MAS) of all the products were significantly improved compared with the commercial form of BER in dilute hydrochloric solution (pH = 1.2). In particular, the MAS of 1BER-1MA in dilute hydrochloric solution is as high as 34 times that of the commercial form. In addition, it is preliminarily confirmed that the MAS of the samples prepared in pure water and dilute hydrochloric solution is primarily influenced by a combination of factors including the packing index, intermolecular interactions, affinity of the counter-ion to the solvent, the molar ratio of the drug to counter-ion in the product and the common ion effect. These novel solids are potential candidates for BER solid forms with improved oral dosage design and may prompt further development.

Use of metallurgical scale in the processes of engineering protection of the environment

The main directions of alternative use of scale, a metal-containing waste material from forging and pressing shops at metallurgical enterprises, were suggested and researched within the framework of this work. Scale composition from the processes of heat treatment and forging of steel components from forging and pressing shops at the machine- building plant in the Moscow region was examined. It was established that up to 99 % of scale is presented by magnetic phases of iron oxides, supposedly in the form of Fe3O4, and alloying components do not practically transit in scale. The technology of sulfuric acid and hydrochloric scale processing with obtain of coagulants is suggested for purification of waste water at galvanic sections or hydrochloric pickling solutions respectively. The technology of scale use as filtrating loading for the processes of purification and neutralization of chromium-containing waste water is proposed. Hugh reducing ability of scale as a reactant for purification of acidic waste water was established in the wide range of initial concentration values of chromium (VI) compounds. Possibility of scale use as Fe-containing additive for pyrometallurgical processing of quartzite-leucoxene, a large-capacity titanium-containing mineral waste, was examined. It was established that chemically active pseudobrookite is the final conversion product; it can be used as raw material for manufacture of wide spectrum of commercial products.

A high temperature retarded acid based on self-assembly of hydrophobically associating polymer and surfactant

Development of the novel retarded acid using in high temperature acidizing and acid fracturing remains an important challenge. Terpolymer-hydrophobically associating polyacrylamide (HA-PAM) with more content of hydrophobic monomer than conventional water-soluble association polymers designed to use as acid thickener was synthesized through aqueous solution polymerization with polymerizable cationic surfactant. The polymer structure was characterized by FT-IR and 1H NMR. The viscous performances in 20 % hydrochloric acid aqueous solution of HA-PAMs synthesized with different amounts of cationic hydrophobic monomer were investigated. The effects of different concentrations of HA-PAM on the viscous performance were also investigated. To further increase the viscosity, a selected surfactant was added to the thickened acid formed by synthesized HA-PAM to form a physically associating acid through micelle and HA-PAM associating interaction. Thickening performance, viscoelasticity, shearing resistance and temperature resistance for physically associating acid was evaluated by Rheometer. The viscosity of physically associating acids formed by the synergy of designed acid thickening polymers and surfactant exceeded 50 mPa·s under 123 °C, which demonstrated the self-assembly acids meet the requirements for high temperature acid fracturing. The designed acid thickening polymers and novel self-assembly acids by physical association have potential applications in high temperature acidizing and acid fracturing.

Molecular dynamics of electric-field driven ionic systems using a universal neural-network potential

Ionic transport under an electric field bias is the fundamental component of electrochemical devices and processes. A universal neural network potential with Bader charge prediction is integrated into a Langevin thermostat NVT simulation to realize a direct simulation to examine those ion dynamics under an external electric field that is scalable and adaptable for various systems. We calculated the ion conductivity of O2− ions in yttria-stabilized zirconia (YSZ) and protons in hydrochloric acid water solution. The conductivity of YSZ shows a tendency consistent with the one using a Buckingham potential tuned for the system. For HClaq, the proton hopping contributes to the higher conductivity of protons than the counter anion Cl−, suggesting that our method is a promising tool for the ionic system, including chemical reactions and either for solid or liquid.

Utilization of Converter Slag from Nickel Production by Hydrometallurgical Method

The possibility of hydrometallurgical processing of converter slag from nickel production aimed at integrated use of mineral raw materials and environmental protection is shown. The scheme of hydrometallurgical processing of slag using hydrochloric acid is proposed. The method involves leaching the slag with hydrochloric acid in the presence of ferric ions. The high values of iron and nonferrous metals extraction into the leaching solution are achieved during hydrochloric acid leaching. Silicon is concentrated in an insoluble residue. Liquid extraction was used to extract iron from hydrochloric acid leaching solutions. Silica-containing residues can be successfully used in the construction industry.

Recovery of Palladium Metal with High Purity by Selective Reduction from Inorganic Acid Leaching Solutions of Cemented Zinc

A small amount of Pd(II) present in spent electroplating solutions is concentrated by cementation. In this work, a process was developed to recover pure palladium metal by selective reduction from the hydrochloric and the sulfuric acid leaching solutions of cemented zinc. For this purpose, hydrazine and ascorbic acid were employed as reducing agents and the effect of several variables such as the acidity of the leaching solutions, molar ratio of reducing agents to Pd(II), reaction time and temperature was investigated. Since neither of the reducing agents can reduce Pd(II) from strong acidic solutions, it was necessary to decrease the acidity of the leaching solutions by dilution with distilled water. Our results indicated that it was possible to recover Pd metal with high purity by selective reduction after diluting the hydrochloric and sulfuric acid leaching solutions of cemented zinc with distilled water. When the molar ratios of the reducing agents to Pd(II) were the same, the reduction percentage of Pd(II) from the sulfuric acid solution was higher than that from the hydrochloric acid solution, due to the much higher complex formation constant of PdCl42- than Pd(SO4)22-. The reduction of Pd(II) by hydrazine occurred within 15 mins at room temperature, while a higher temperature (60 oC) and longer reaction time (1h) were necessary to reduce Pd(II) with ascorbic acid. The reduction of Pd(II) from sulfuric acid solution was more efficient than from hydrochloric acid solution. It was possible to recover Pd metal with high purity from the leaching solution of cemented zinc using the reduction method.

Increasing the circularity of the copper metallurgical industry: Recovery of Sb(III) and Bi(III) from hydrochloric solutions by integration of solvating organophosphorous extractants and selective precipitation

The lack of high-purity ores has made the copper industry exploit low-impurity ores containing As, Sb and Bi which can affect the final product quality due to the floating insoluble arsenates. This is usually solved by treating the electrorefining electrolyte in a polishing stage devoted to removing Sb and Bi using aminophosphonic resins. Once the resin is saturated, it is regenerated using 6 M HCl, and the eluate produced is treated with CaO(s) to precipitate both Sb and Bi. However, this stream is of interest due to the inclusion of both elements in the Critical Raw Material list from the European Union. Therefore, the linear management option must be substituted by a circular approach. This work aims to develop such approach by the selective separation and recovery of Sb and Bi from HCl stream polluted with As. The method presented was based on the use of using a solvating mixture of alkylphosphine oxides commercialized as Cyanex 923 dissolved in kerosene and 1-decanol (10 %) as phase modifier. The separation factors of Sb(III) and Bi(III) from As(V) were evaluated and optimized as function of both extractant concentration and the aqueous to organic phase ratio. Results showed that at the lowest Cyanex 923 concentration (0.15 mol/L) and working at an A/O ratio of 1/3, it could be possible to extract 39 % Bi and 78 % Sb with As co-extraction below 2.5 %. Both Sb and Bi were easily recovered (>90 %) using 8 M HNO3 as stripping agent. Following a treatment using NaOH/NaCl or NaOH, both elements could be recovered either as oxychlorides (SbOCl(s) and BiOCl(s)) or oxides (Sb2O3(s) and BisO3(s)).

Microfluidic paper-based analytical device for determination of sucrose in sugarcane juice using Benedict's reagent.

This work presents a microfluidic paper-based analytical device (μPAD) for the determination of sucrose using the Benedict's test. An asymmetric dumbbell-shaped hydrophobic barrier was produced by rubber stamping the barrier pattern onto a laboratory filter paper. Hydrochloric acid and solution containing sucrose were successively deposited onto the sample reservoir of the μPAD attached to a glass slide. The device was placed in a plastic bag and dipped into boiling water for accelerating the hydrolysis of sucrose into the reducing sugars. Then the Benedict's reagent was added at the narrow straight channel connecting the two circular zones of the μPAD, which was replaced in the plastic bag and heated again for reduction of Cu(II) by the reducing sugars. Precipitate of brick-red copper(I) oxide was formed. The image of the μPAD was recorded by a smartphone. The ratio of the red to blue intensities gave linear correlation with the concentration of sucrose in the range of 0.5-10% w/v. The relative standard deviation of the measurement was less than 5% for 2 and 4% w/v sucrose (n = 10), with limit of determination, calculated using standard deviation of regression divided by slope of calibration, of 0.26% w/v sucrose. The method was successfully validated using the dinitrosalicylic acid method for sucrose measurement. Percent recoveries of sucrose were evaluated using ten sugarcane samples. The recoveries were in the range of 89 to 101%, demonstrating that there were no significant sample matrix effects on the quantification.

Preliminary Study on a Biocompatible Cellulose Waterborne Polyurethane Composite Membrane.

A promising technique for repairing necrotic mucosa of human organs has emerged, in which composite films are used to replace human mucosa. In this work, neutral alpha-amylase corrosion solution with a concentration of 0.40 mg/mL and hydrochloric acid corrosion solution at pH 0.9 were used as simulated oral cavity and gastric fluid environments under the condition of human body temperature. The prepared cellulose film and the cellulose water-based polyurethane composite film (the concentration of water-based polyurethane was 90, 92, 94, 96, or 98%) were mixed in the simulated environment. The composite membrane had a weaker water swelling property (water swelling degree of 4.32%), weaker surface hydrophilicity (water contact angle of 59.05°), and stronger enzyme activity (1.77 U). This functional film composite material is expected to become an ideal substitute for human mucosa.

Extraction and separation of low-concentration Ga (III) in concentrated hydrochloric acid using supported liquid membrane via controlling the dissociation behavior of GaCl4- ions at interface

A new approach using water as the stripping phase for extraction and recovery of low-concentration Ga (III) from concentrated hydrochloric acid solutions by Aliquat 336-based supported liquid membrane (SLM) is suggested. Generally, the stripping of Ga (III) from the loaded organic phase during liquid-liquid two-phase stirring extraction using quaternary ammonium salt as an extractant is extremely difficult. However, in the present work, an efficient mass transfer of low-concentration Ga (III) through the SLM was observed by introducing a low acidity (pH=2) aqueous solution as the stripping phase of the SLM. It was revealed that dissociation of GaCl4- and HCl2- anions into Ga3+, Cl- and H+ ions at the stripping/membrane phase interface play an important role in driving the mass transfer of GaCl4- from the concentrated hydrochloric acid solutions towards stripping phases. Kinetic analysis suggests that the permeability coefficient of Ga (III) ions through the SLM is dependent on the reaction temperature, extractant Aliquat 336 concentrations, and the difference in Cl- concentrations between the two sides of the liquid membrane phase, but independent of H+ concentrations. In view of future’s applications for selective separation and recovery of low-concentration Ga (III) from the concentrated hydrochloric acid leaching solutions of various gallium-containing solid wastes, separation selectivity of Ga (III) against other coexisting metal impurity ions, such as Fe (II), Al (III), Mg (II) and Cu (II), was also evaluated.

Efficient MnOx-CeO2/Ti-bearing blast furnace slag catalyst for NH3-SCR of NO at low temperature: Study of support treating and Mn/Ce ratio

Exploring novel low-temperature SCR catalyst supports with excellent properties and low cost is a significant challenge. Ti-bearing blast furnace slag (Ti-BFS) presented great potential in this field due to high contents of Ti, Si and Al elements. In this work, Ti-BFS was pretreated and optimized by hydrochloric solution, and suitable treatment conditions were obtained. Ti and Si were well enriched and other components (especially Ca) were mostly leached, while the modified slag exhibited well-developed porosity and high surface area. An efficient MnOx-CeO2/Ti-bearing blast furnace slag catalyst (Mn-Ce/ATS) can be developed by loading appropriate MnOx-CeO2 ingredients on this support. 4Mn-Ce/ATS catalyst performed better SCR performance because of its excellent NH3 adsorption capacity and reactivity, as well as more alkali sites. Cerium was beneficial to bond NH3 species and manganese was advantageous to adsorb NO. Although SO2 resistance of this catalyst was relatively undesired, its H2O resistance was perfect. This work can provide a guidance on realizing waste Ti-bearing blast furnace slag utilization and reducing the denitrification cost.

Use of a Polymer Gel for Killing a High-Temperature and High-Pressure Gas Well

Summary In the processes of oil and gas drilling, gas easily invades wellbores and adversely influences the safety in high-pressure gas reservoir drilling activities. In this study, a polymer gel was prepared for well killing in high-pressure gas reservoirs. The gelation performance of the gel under different conditions was experimentally examined. The gel can maintain high shear resistance, high-temperature resistance, and high-temperature long-term stability at 160°C and is thus suitable for the long-term isolation of high-temperature formations. The gel is sensitive to high concentrations of salt ions and must be prepared in the field using saline solutions with Na+ and Ca2+ concentrations lower than 20 000 and 500 mg/L, respectively. The gel can be easily oxidized and disintegrated by acidic solutions. The gel disintegration rate may reach 100% when subjected to ammonium persulfate and hydrochloric acid aqueous solutions at 160°C. Moreover, the polymer gel performance in application scenarios was examined. The gel density can be increased using barite and magnetite. The water loss percentage of the gel is less than 10% at 160°C, rendering its use suitable for well killing in openhole intervals, especially in water-sensitive formations such as mudstone and shale. The permeability recovery of the gas reservoir core is more than 90% when gasflooding is performed with oxidative degradation of the gel. The gel exhibits excellent well kill capacity, with a maximum value of 8.8 MPa/100 m after aging at 160°C for 3 days. Successful field test was conducted in the Tarim Basin, Xinjiang, China, which indicates that the gel can be used for well killing in high-temperature and high-pressure gas reservoirs.