Hybrid Power Supply System Research Articles

Design and Implementation of a Polar Wind and Solar Hybrid Power Supply Controller

Based on the preliminary study of the distribution of wind and light resources in the Zhongshan Station of Antarctica, and the conclusion that the scenery and resources of the station area are sufficient and complementary, this paper proposes to adapt to the power supply problem of the aeroponic, stereoscopic cultivation device in the Controlled Micro-environment applied to the polar regions. The overall architecture of the power supply system is designed. Based on the STC8A8K64S4A12 single-chip microcomputer, the hardware circuit and software program of the wind and solar hybrid power supply system controller are also designed. Finally, the debugging experiment is carried out.

Demonstration and assessment of dynamic performance of a hybrid power system based electric passenger cart

Abstract Fuel cell (FC) technology is showing excellent promise for many applications ranging from portable devices to vehicular systems. A stand-alone FC may not always satisfy the fast and transient load demands of a vehicular power system. As a result, FC units are usually hybridized with supplementary sources to meet the total power demand of the vehicle. In this paper, the energy demands of a light vehicle (a passenger cart) is developed using a hybrid power supply system involving a photovoltaic (PV) panel, a proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) and a battery based energy storage system (ESS). In addition, the details of the physical construction of the modified hybrid cart are given. The most critical feature of an energy management strategy for a multiple-source based hybrid vehicle is the sharing of fast and transient load demands among the available power sources. For this purpose, a 300-s drive cycle is created in this paper to test the effectiveness of the load sharing strategy between FC, battery pack and PV panel. It is found that PEMFC dominates slow and moderate dynamic behaviors of the vehicle, while fast response of the battery group governs the rapid dynamic behaviors. The results also show that the integrating PV panel contributes noticeably to the dynamic behaviors of the system. Furthermore, a control-oriented simulation model for a PEMFC unit is verified with experimental data to test the success of the proposed technique.

Hybrid Stand-alone Power Supply Systems for the Arctic Polar Stations

Hybrid power supply systems based on the renewable energy sources, electrochemical rechargeable batteries, and fuel cells are considered. Such systems provide stable power supply and offer some advantages both over the traditional hydrocarbon-fueled diesel generators and over the radioisotope thermoelectric generators. The innovative technology of group connection to the Russian Satellite Communications Company resources is considered as a tool for the remote control of operation modes of various power generation sources under changing environmental parameters and payload. It is proposed to use such hybrid power systems to provide power supply for autonomous observation stations in the Russian Arctic.

A Novel Approach for Modern Power Conservation Using Hybrid Power Supply System

A Novel Approach for Modern Power Conservation Using Hybrid Power Supply System

Modeling of an intelligent battery controller for standalone solar-wind hybrid distributed generation system

Abstract In this paper, a different approach of standalone hybrid distributed generation has been shown. Due to the intermittent nature of the renewable energy resources, the reliability of the power system is decreased using single renewable energy source based electricity supply system. To overcome the problem the size of the storage system exceptionally large which increases the overall cost of the system and drastically reduces the flexibility. To resolve the problem a standalone hybrid power supply system is designed by integrating the solar and wind energy to generate electricity. The hybrid system increases the generation capacity without increasing the storage unit and maintains reliable electricity to the consumer. The proposed system has been modelled using Matlab/Simulink and verify under variable sources and load condition without compromising with the power quality issue.

New AC & DC hybrid power supply system and its reliability analysis in data centre

New AC & DC hybrid power supply system and its reliability analysis in data centre

Towards performance enhancement of hybrid power supply systems based on renewable energy sources

Abstract In the present study, the design and the implemented operation of an automated control strategy in a Hybrid Power System (HPS) based on Renewable Energy Sources (RES) are analysed. A photovoltaic array and a wind generator serve as the main power sources that cover controllable and non-controllable load demand. A lead-acid battery is used to compensate the inherent power fluctuations (excess or shortage) and to regulate the overall system operation, based on a developed power management strategy. The performance of the automatic control system is evaluated through the real-time operation of the power system where data from the various subsystems are recorded and analysed via distributed data acquisition units and the use of day ahead energy forecasting models.

Research on AC & DC hybrid power supply system with high‐proportion renewable energy of data centre

In the background of the energy Internet, the number of data centres is increasing, aiming at the shortcomings of power supply and reliability in power supply system of traditional data centre and the development trend of green data centres. This article proposes an AC & DC hybrid power supply system with high-proportion renewable energy. The system includes photovoltaic generation, wind power generation, photothermal power generation, thermal utilisation system, power storage system, and different types of loads. Therein, a multi-port power electronic transformer is used to realise AC & DC multi-level mixing system with high proportion of variety of distributed renewable energy. Thereafter, the power supply, power grid, and the load can efficiently complement each other by using the integrated energy storage system such as electricity storage and heat storage. In detail, the rationality and functionality of the AC & DC hybrid power system are analysed through the system simulation and power supply reliability calculation. Moreover, the results show that the proposed hybrid power supply can effectively improve the impact of high-proportion renewable energy access to the grid and provide a new design scheme for the green data centre.

Hybrid System of Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell (PEMFC) with Battery for Portable Power Supply

Background/Objectives: The combustion of fossil fuels and increased number of advanced technology leads to the global warming and climate change. So, to reduce the greenhouse gas emission and conserve the energy we need to use green energy like fuel cell and Li-ion battery system. This hybrid system consists of PEM fuel cell stack, Li-ion battery and bidirectional step up converter and can be used stationary as well as mobile equipment like vehicles.Methods/Statistical analysis: For the analysis of hybrid PEMFC/ Li-ion battery power supply system, portable embedded motor is proposed in this paper. The modeling, design, implementation and performance of hybrid system are demonstrate by using experimental results as well as MATLAB/Simulink.Findings: The simulation results shows that hybrid fuel cell-battery system could provide the continuous power to the sudden changing load and protect the devices. The results also shows that, bidirectional controller can successfully control the fuel cell output and maintain the state of charge of battery at a constant level which provides the significant efficiency of the hybrid power supply system and increased the life-cycle of the system more than 35%.Improvements/Applications: To improve the fuel cell system performance we need to provide the favorable conditions of temperature, pressure, humidity and control the flow rate of reactant gausses. Similarly, due to internal resistance, temperature, material used in manufacturing process, charging and discharging strategy reduces the efficiency as well as life of the battery pack. By using proper voltage balancing methodology we can maintain the similar voltage and prevent from irregular charging.

Construction and Test of Three-Coil Magnet Power Supply System for a High-Pulsed Magnetic Field

A higher magnetic field can provide more opportunities to reveal new phenomena in a scientific research. Aiming to achieve a higher magnetic field, Wuhan National High Magnetic Field Center (WHMFC), Wuhan, China has designed a a power supply system for 100 T magnetic field under existing power supply conditions in April 2015. The 100 T magnet consisting of three coils is energized by a multipower supply system. The outer coil is energized by a pulsed generator-rectifier connected to battery bank in series. The middle coil and the inner coil are energized by two capacitor bank, respectively. To ensure safety and reliable operation, control sequence as well as protection system for the power system is designed and developed. A test system including the prototype of three-coil magnet is established at WHMFC. A series of tests are carried out on hybrid power supply systems. 73.3 T peak field has been achieved as the highest magnetic field in the test. The test results presented in this paper show the hybrid power supply system is feasible and operable.

The use of the SCADA system in the monitoring and control of the performance of an autonomous hybrid power supply system using renewable energy sources

The paper touches upon the current issues related to the use of visualisation, control and archiving systems (SCADA) in hybrid power supply systems, based on the example of an installation that uses the energy of the sun and wind. The article contains an exemplary design of an autonomous hybrid power supply system and the SCADA system implemented in the Vijeo Citect environment. The major focus is on the presentation of the essential and the most frequently used SCADA system functionalities in terms of the monitoring and control of this type of power supply systems.

Techno-economic-environmental study of hybrid power supply system: A case study in Iran

This paper presents an optimal planning model of a hybrid renewable energy system to meet a real load with a combination of photovoltaic panels (PV), diesel generators and batteries. Also, replacing the conventional energy storage system with a fuel cell is investigated. Energy Modelling and Energy Resources Assessment Lab (EMERAL), at University of Tehran, in Tehran, Iran has selected as a case study. A technical, economic and environmental assessment was conducted for optimal planning of the hybrid energy system. Finally, the impact of diesel fuel price fluctuation on the economic competitiveness of proposed hybrid renewable energy systems in providing off-grid electrical load demand is investigated. In this study simulation, optimization and modeling procedures are done by HOMER software.

Quasi-Z-Source Network-Based Hybrid Power Supply System for Aluminum Electrolysis Industry

A hybrid power supply system (HPSS) based on the quasi-Z-source network is proposed for aluminum electrolysis, which can reduce energy consuming and carbon emission through the use of renewable energy. An ac–dc integrate controller is designed in the HPSS that contains a two-layer control. The first layer control is responsible for maintaining the dc bus voltage and current, which can mitigate negative effects caused by anode effect in aluminum electrolysis. The independent maximum power tracking for PV array and the dc-bus voltage balance for each quasi-Z-source dc–dc converter can be achieved by using the PV-voltage controller and dc-bus voltage controller for the PV System. To maintain the voltage of dc bus within the require voltage range of aluminum electrolysis production and ensure high input power quality of ac System, the quasi-Z-rectifier controller is employed, which can reduce the harmonic injection. The power allocation is addressed in the second control layer and a power scheme algorithm (PSA) is carried out to maximize the system efficiency and economic benefit. At last, the simulation and experimental results are provided to verify the effectiveness of the designed HPSS and the proposed PSA.

Energy Profiles as a Method for Minimizing Weight of Hybrid Power Supply Systems

Abstract This article presents an analysis of energy demand by a group of portable military use appliances. This analysis was used by the author to offer an solution aimed at reducing the weight of the power supply system. This solution is based on energy profiles which were derived from the analyses and measurements, and on applying appropriately modified hybrid supply sources. Catalogue data are often used in support of an analysis of performance of electronic appliances. For a user, documents prepared by a manufacturer are the main source of information concerned with the amount and quality of electric energy sources required for the appliance to work properly. Investigations carried out in real conditions often verify this data, which provides a base for seeking alternative solutions in the course of designing new sources of power, e.g. such as the ones proposed in the article.

Hybrid power supply system model for offshore floating platforms

ABSTRACTThis article consists of research results regarding the use of energy profiles, as a tool for the configuration of offshore floating platforms’ hybrid power supply system. Given solution supports renewables, as a platform’s exploitation economy improvement. As a main current source in the proposed system, a fuel cell with high energy density to mass ratio (Wh/kg) is provided; however, it has disadvantages regarding its dynamic response during the load changes. The proposed solution minimises the disadvantages of the fuel cell by designing a hybrid system consisting few energy sources and storages with a logic system to control its elements. In order to optimise the hybrid system’s configurations the author’s concept has been applied. This concept models the set of energetic and dynamic characteristics called the energy profile in the considered floating platform’s electric loads. Use of energy profiles in the system’s configuration process allows minimisation of its size with constant power availability in all the floating platform’s exploitation states.

Design of Hybrid Power Supply System With Energy Regulation Capability for Hand-Held Tools

This paper proposes a hybrid power supply system design and control strategies to enhance the energy regulation capability. This study is motivated because some connected loads such as brushless dc motor-driven circuit which may need a significant output current supplied by the battery power, possibly leading to unexpected impacts and consequences. To cope with such energy supply problems, the utilization of supercapacitors is suggested as an energy buffer along with the leakage inductance for the energy storage. This is further aided by a controller design so as to perform a power dispatch to ensure a better energy regulation, by which those batteries sources can be more effectively protected. To validate this proposed method, both circuit analysis and hardware realization have been completed under different scenarios. Experimental results gained from these tests help support the effectiveness of the approach for hand-held tools applications.

Harnessing the hybrid power supply systems of utility grid and photovoltaic panels at retrofit residential single family building in Medan

The paper describes improvisation mode of energy supply source by collaboration between national utility grid as represented by fossil fuels and PV as independent renewable power resource in order to aim the energy consumptions efficiently in retrofit single family house. In this case, one existing single family house model in Medan, Indonesia was observed for the possibility of future refurbishment. The eco-design version of the house model and prediction analyses regarding nearby potential renewable energy resource (solar system) had been made using Autodesk Revit MEP 2015, Climate Consultant 6.0 and Green Building Studio Analysis. Economical evaluation of using hybrid power supply is discussed as well.

Minimisation of the LCOE for the hybrid power supply system with the lead-acid battery

The paper presents the methodology of minimisation of the unit cost of production of energy generated in the hybrid system compatible with the lead-acid battery, and used to power a load with the known daily load curve. For this purpose, the objective function in the form of the LCOE and the genetic algorithm method were used. Simulation tests for three types of load with set daily load characteristics were performed. By taking advantage of the legal regulations applicable in the territory of Poland, regarding the energy storing in the power system, the optimal structure of the prosumer solar-wind system including the lead-acid battery, which meets the condition of maximum rated power, was established. An assumption was made that the whole solar energy supplied to the load would be generated in the optimised system.

Energy management control strategy to improve the FC/SC dynamic behavior on hybrid electric vehicles: A frequency based distribution

This paper presents a breakthrough energy management strategy developed to coordinate a hybrid power supply system for typical solicitations of electric vehicles, but the whole system is scaled to a maximum power of 1.2 kW. The system is composed of a polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cell (PEMFC), a supercapacitor (SC) bank and their respective power conditioning units. The proposed strategy is organized in three hierarchical levels for treating the problems of: (i) global control, (ii) power demand split and supercapacitor state of charge (SOC) preservation, and (iii) interaction between power conditioning units and the sources. The power split is determined in real time with a basis on a frequency distribution, for which a cutoff frequency is defined in agreement with the dynamical capabilities of the sources. The focus is then, to use basic dynamic measurements of an experimental PEMFC module in order to integrate a simulation environment that allows analyzing the interactions and performances of the power train components and the regulation architecture under different scenarios. Results demonstrate that the strategy allows regulating the DC bus voltage under different load profiles; preserving the SC SOC within the recommended range; operating the PEMFC all over the safe region; and diminishing the FC start-ups and shutdowns.

Integrated Energy Management of Grid-tied-PV-fuel Cell Hybrid System

Abstract This paper presents an optimal energy management strategy for a grid-tied photovoltaic-fuel cell (FC) hybrid power supply system. The system meets the load demand consisting of an electrical load and a heat pump water heater (HPWH) supplied thermal load. The objective is to minimize energy cost, taking into account the time-of-use electricity tariff. The problem is solved using mixed binary/real linear programming. The control variables are the supply switch to the HPWH, power from the grid, power to/from inverter, power to electrolyzerand theFC. The state variables are the hot water temperature inside the water storage tank and hydrogen in the storage tank. The results show that the heat pump consumed 45.50 kWh of energy under optimal control scenario as opposed to 84 kWh when using a thermostat based controller. The proposed control strategy performance is tested by simulating different operating scenarios with results confirming its effectiveness in increasing the supply reliability of the system.