Hybrid Concept Research Articles

Food and Diasporic Identities in Diana Abu Jaber’s Crescent, Richard C. Morais’ The Hundred-Foot Journey, and Marsha Mehran’s Pomegranate Soup

This dissertation applies the post-colonial theory to three novels—Crescent (2003) by Diana Abu-Jaber, Pomegranate Soup (2005) by Marsha Mehran, and The Hundred-Foot Journey (2008) by Richard Morais—to show the role that ethnic food from “home” plays for diaspora immigrants. To do so, it applies the concepts of ethnicity, cultural dominance, the third space, exoticism, stereotypes, the subaltern, Radhakrishnan’s concept of three phases of migration, Bhabha’s concepts of hybridity and imitation, and Said’s concept of exile. The dissertation consists of four sections. The Introduction Section introduces the three focal writers and the representation of ethnic food in their works; in addition, it explores post-colonial theory and adopts related concepts for the analysis of the three novels. Section One applies the abovementioned concepts to Abu-Jaber’s Crescent, considering ethnic food in the context of diaspora. Section Two focuses on Pomegranate Soup by Mehran. It is about how cultural background affects the characters’ identities in relation to food. Section Three explores Morais’s The Hundred-Foot Journey, focusing on the character of Hassan, who was born in his parents’ room above his family’s restaurant and was exposed to Indian food and its aromas from the moment he was born. Section Four aims to compare the aforementioned three novels in regard to their treatment of the immigrants and ethnic food connection to their identity. It also links the authors with their characters. Finally, the Conclusion section concludes and summarizes the whole dissertation.

Hybridity in Translation Revisited: Strategic Potentials for Intercultural Communication

The concept of hybridity in translation has drawn scholarly attention since 1960s, and later discussed and researched mainly from cultural perspective. Many researches regard it as a result of translation process, while in translated texts a rather dynamic strategy concerning hybridity can be traced. It goes a way that is in-between domestication and foreignization, which tries to complete the reconstruction of the original work in the third cultural space. Hybridity as both a kind of cultural practice and a strategic choice of the translator may offer a new strategy, the "two-way construction" strategy, which holds a much more open mind for intercultural communication and falls in with the Chinese cultural philosophy of "harmony in diversity". Texts with various degrees of hybridity contribute to the introduction of heterogeneous culture, and usually inject new development impetus into the receiving culture. The strategic potentials of hybridity in translation may serve well as a driving force for the development of cultures around the world.

From Divided to Diasporic: Re-envisioning Italian American Texts through Transformative Translingual Practices

From Divided to Diasporic: Re-envisioning Italian American Texts through Transformative Translingual Practices

Is structural hybridization invoking new dimensions for antimalarial drug discovery research?

Despite effective prevention methods, malaria is a devastating, persistent infection caused by protozoal parasites that result in nearly half a million fatalities annually. Any progress made thus far in the eradication of the disease is jeopardized by the expansion of malaria parasites that have evolved to become resistant to a wide range of drugs, including first-line therapy. To surmount this significant obstacle, it is necessary to develop newly synthesized drugs with multiple modes of action that may have a novel target in various stages of Plasmodium parasite development and this is made possible by the hybridization concept. Hybridization is the combination of at least two diverse pharmacophore units with some linkers bringing about a single molecule with a diverse mode of action. It intensifies a drug's physiological and chemical characteristics, such as absorption, cellular target contact, metabolism, excretion, distribution, and toxicity. This review article outlines the currently published most potent hybrid drugs against the Plasmodium species.

Making Community: Implications of Hybridity and Coalescence at Morton Village

AbstractRecent investigations of Morton Village, a Mississippian and Oneota community formed following Oneota migration into the central Illinois River valley around AD 1300, focus on evaluating the social context for the remarkable violence evidenced at the adjacent Norris Farms 36 cemetery. Here, we use the concepts of thirdspace and hybridity to examine three areas of village life: creation of the physical structure of the village, ritual, and foodways. Within these three areas, we identify transformations of Mississippian and Oneota practices that support the interpretation that villagers were engaged in the formation of a coalescent community.

Arundhati Roy in Thai : compromising the linguistic hybridity in translation

The article examines the Thai translations of Arundhati Roy's novels, The God of Small Things and The Ministry of Utmost Happiness, which feature linguistic hybridity that addresses the complex, intermingling realities of the former colonized space. Using Klinger's (2015) concepts of symbolic and iconic hybridity to explain the motivation behind the use of non-standard language in Roy's postcolonial novels and their Thai translations, this article argues that the Thai versions fell short of retaining a reasonable degree of linguistic hybridity because the translator chose a compromising method of making Roy's novels more understandable to Thai readers. By compromising, the translator used a specific method of transliterating Pali-Sanskrit etymological terms, a cushioning strategy, and footnotes. The translations appear to contradict the author's viewpoint on the dynamics of core and periphery languages. Multicultural expressions that are meant to symbolically represent different levels of power in the real world are ignored, thereby failing to convey Roy's intention of defying former colonial monolingual practice and breaking free from such a legacy.

Concept Design of a Hybrid Offshore Patrol Vessel

This paper presents the proposal for the concept design of hybrid Offshore Patrol Vessels (OPV) that are suitable for countries with budget constraints. Many countries cannot afford two different classes of ships to answer the current civil and military challenges. Therefore, the proposed approach might be the most acceptable solution for these countries. The concept design covers hybrid OPVs that could include traditional navy capabilities such as anti-ship and anti-air warfare in addition to offshore patrol tasks. This enables a hybrid concept design model that incorporates major tasks of both patrol and corvette classes of ships. The solutions are achieved by applying a multi-attribute concept design procedure that was developed earlier for a generic naval vessel design. The procedure is customized to suit this purpose by applying appropriate design variables, parameter space constraints, updated ship propulsion systems, weapons, other equipment, and design requirements i.e., required areas, volumes, and electricity. The results are the Pareto optimal set of solutions that are used as initial designs in the subsequent phases of the design of the hybrid OPV. The earlier developed software named “MonakoPRB” is updated to suit the above-mentioned changes in the design procedure to generate hybrid OPV concept design solutions.

Pour une représentation partagée entre recherche et terrain autour du concept d’hybridation des enseignements

Le but de ce retour d’expérience est de proposer la coconstruction d’une représentation partagée du concept d’hybridation des enseignements à partir d’ateliers collaboratifs (workshop) associant chercheurs et enseignants du second degré. Il s’agit d’une étape préalable à la conduite d’une recherche participative réalisée dans le cadre d’un groupe thématique numérique qui questionne les pratiques enseignantes de l’hybridation. Au cours de ces ateliers, les représentations des enseignants à propos du concept d’hybridation ont pu être recueillies. Leur analyse a permis de mettre en évidence quatre dimensions comme autant d’axes de réflexion constitutifs du concept d’hybridation. Ce travail a donné lieu à l’élaboration d’un « modèle issu du terrain », que nous confrontons à un modèle issu de la recherche.

Water absorption behavior of the woven bamboo fabric polypropylene-based composites and their hybrids with glass

The high prone behavior towards water absorption is considered as a major weakness of natural based-fiber composites or bio-composites. These composites can be susceptible to considerable water absorbed due to hydrophilic nature of bamboo fiber, which may affect to degradation of their strength and stiffness performances. The effect of the hybridization is investigated with the study of water immersion at 23 °C and 60 °C, for a period of 70 days. It was shown that the composite’s absorption behavior demonstrated the kinetics behavior and classification proposed by Fick’s theory. There was a 142 % increase in the diffusion coefficients of samples immersed at 60 °C compared to those at 23 °C for BPP composites. The water absorption of BPP composites at 23 °C after 1680 h was approximate of 14.6 %, with the absorption was quite rapid initially, reaching almost 13.01 % after about 720 h. For the hybrid composites of 30B:20G, 20B:35G and 10B:45G for water absorption at 23 °C was reaching almost 10.56 %, 7.30 %, and 2.81 % respectively after 720 h. Furthermore, the composites approached equilibrium faster at 60 °C than at 23 °C. The absorption rate was significantly higher at 60 °C, with 80 % of the total absorption in the first 14 days, while the BPP composites at the immersion of 23 °C, reached equilibrium in the first 30 days. Similar behavior was also observed for the hybrid composites, reached almost 80 % of the total absorption in the first 7 days, when compared with 20 days for the hybrid composites. The presence of external plies of glass effectively decelerates water diffusion into the bamboo polypropylene (BPP) composites. The findings denote a significant observation in which, by substituting few layers of glass with woven-based bamboo in glass-polypropylene composites, offering to a hybrid concept to be possible for developing an alternative, excellent and better performance of light-weight composite.

Carbon negative geothermal: Theoretical efficiency and sequestration potential of geothermal-BECCS energy cycles

Geothermal systems are an attractive option for baseload electricity generation with low emissions intensity (average 122 gCO2/kWh). However, about 70% of geothermal systems are low or medium enthalpy (<160°C), which often renders them uneconomic to develop for electricity production. A solution to increase both power production and utilization efficiency of these systems is hybridization with a biomass fuel source. In this work, we introduce and verify the concept of biomass hybridization combined with in-line dissolution and reinjection of biomass flue CO2. This subclass of bioenergy and carbon capture and storage (BECCS), termed geothermal-BECCS, has improved power production and negative CO2 emissions. This dual approach of using geothermal systems for power production and as carbon sinks can be a potential decarbonisation tool in areas with suitable geothermal and bioenergy resources.Here, we quantify the thermodynamic and sequestration performance of four geothermal-BECCS configurations. Up to 100% of flue gas is dissolved and reinjected with the spent geofluid. Scaled to a 1 kg/s geofluid production rate, flash and binary benchmark plants generated 32 and 43 kWe at efficiencies of 6 and 8%, respectively. In comparison, four geothermal-BECCS designs yielded 64 kWe at 9% efficiency (flash plant), 76 kWe at 9% efficiency (ORC binary plant), 62 kWe at 7% efficiency (compound flash-binary plant), and 589 kWe at 20% efficiency (bioenergy based geothermal-preheat plant). Annual biogenic CO2 sequestration rates ranged from 217 to 675 tonnes per kg/s with emissions intensities from -131 to -922 gCO2/kWh. By simultaneously boosting low-emissions energy and sequestering biogenic CO2, geothermal-BECCS promises to be an essential technology for meeting climate targets.

Power and Play

Power and Play

The Beethoven Syndrome: Hearing Music as Autobiography, by Mark Evan Bonds

<i>The Beethoven Syndrome: Hearing Music as Autobiography</i>, by Mark Evan Bonds

Delirium in a surgical context from a nursing perspective: A hybrid concept analysis.

The term delirium has been defined in medical diagnosis criteria as a multidimensional disorder, and the term acute confusion is included in nursing classifications. Delirium can be a serious complication assessed in a patient after a surgical procedure. Still, the patient's delirium frequently remains unrecognised. Care of patients with delirium after surgical procedure is complex, and it challenges nursing expertise. From the nurses' viewpoint, delirium is associated with ambiguity of concepts and lack of knowledge. Therefore, reseach on how nurses perceive patients with delirium in a surgical context is needed. The aim of this study was to describe the concepts of delirium and acute confusion, as well as the associated dimensions, in adult patients in a surgical context from the nursing perspective. The study used Schwartz and Barcott's hybrid concept analysis with theoretical, fieldwork, and final analytical phases. Surgical wards, surgical intensive care units, and post-anaesthesia care units. A systematic literature search was performed through Pubmed (Medline), Cinahl, PsycInfo, and Embase. Registered nurses and licensed practical nurses (n=105) participated in the fieldwork phase. In the theoretical phase, the concepts' working definitions were formulated based on a systematic literature search with the year limitations from 2000 until February 2021. At the fieldwork phase, the nurses' descriptions of patients with delirium were analysed using the deductive content analysis method. At the final analytical phase, findings were combined and reported. The concepts of delirium, subsyndromal delirium, and acute confusion are well defined in the literature. From the perspective of the nurses in the study, concepts were seen as a continuum not as individual diagnoses. Nurses described the continuum of delirium as a process with acute onset, duration, and recovery with the associated dimensions of symptoms, symptom severity, risk factors, and early signs. The acute phase of delirium was emphasised, and preoperative or prolonged disturbance did not seem to be relevant in the surgical care context. Patients' compliance with care may be decreased with the continuum of delirium, which might challenge both patients' recovery from surgery and the quality of nursing care. In clinical practice the nurses used term confusion inaccurately. The term acute confusion might be used when illustrating an early stage of delirium. Nurses could benefit from further education where the theoretical knowledge is combined with the clinical practice. The discussion about the delirium, which covers the time both before surgery and after the acute phase should be increased.

Exploring Disease Remission and Bowel Urgency Severity Among Adults with Moderate to Severe Ulcerative Colitis: A Qualitative Study.

Achieving and maintaining symptom control is a key treatment goal in ulcerative colitis (UC). Bowel urgency is an important symptom of UC, thus measurement of urgency is critical. This research explored the patient experience of UC and "remission" in UC, with a focus on urgency, and cognitively debriefed the Urgency Numeric Rating Scale (NRS), including score interpretation and examination of meaningful improvement. Semi-structured hybrid concept elicitation and cognitive debriefing interviews with adults with moderately-severely active UC were conducted to explore experiences of UC and urgency, as well as examine meaningful improvement and score interpretation of the Urgency NRS. Purposive sampling was used to identify 20 eligible adult participants with UC. Concept elicitation data were analyzed using thematic analysis, and a deductive approach was used to analyze cognitive debriefing data. Thematic analysis was also applied to meaningful change-related data. Twenty participants were interviewed (average age = 42.6 years old, 50% male); 14 with moderately active (70.0%) and 6 with severely active UC (30.0%). Disease remission was not consistently defined by participants and description varied in terms of definition (absence vs not complete absence of symptoms), duration (months vs days) and key symptoms to consider. Urgency was a prominent symptom for all participants, with 8 (40.0%) identifying it as the most bothersome aspect of UC. No issues were identified with the Urgency NRS. Participants were able to define different levels of urgency severity, describe how they relate to daily life impacts, and score them differently on the Urgency NRS. Participants were also able to reflect urgency improvement on the NRS and discuss how small changes in numeric ratings of urgency can reflect meaningful change in the symptom burden of their UC. The Urgency NRS is a content valid and interpretable measure to assess bowel urgency severity.

HYBRID IDENTITY AND THE SELECTED DIASPORIC WORK: A CRITICAL ANALYSIS

The present study discusses the selected South Asian diasporic work in the relation to the notion of hybrid identity. Migrants leave homeland and join host land for better life and economic improvement. This shift from home to foreign land brings several obstacles among which crisis of identity is major one. Moreover, in host land diasporic community also faces segregation in terms of workplace environment and other social aspects of life and it further make them shattered and consequently this phenomenon leads them towards hybrid identity. This qualitative study employs theoretical concept of hybridity, a postcolonial concept, in the analysis of the selected text. The study concludes that diasporic community carry with it the burden of their native culture and the nostalgic memory and go through the crisis of identity in foreign land which make them hybrid. Keywords: Identity, hybridity, South Asian diaspora fiction, culture, homeland, host-land.

Smart Multi‐Layer Architecture Electrodes for High Energy Density Lithium‐Ion Capacitors

AbstractMulti‐layer architectures for use in both negative and positive electrodes are developed through a layer‐by‐layer spray printing approach using complementary material combinations, with the ultimate goal to realize an ideal concept of hybrid lithium‐ion capacitors more fully – delivering attractive energy densities of insertion‐type negative electrodes while preserving outstanding power performances of activated carbon positive electrodes. To sustain advantageous capacities of intercalation anodes even at ultra‐fast charging rates, a thin, discrete layer of high capacity Si was interleaved between high power Li4Ti5O12 electrodes. In a cathode electrode, a sequential layer of insertion‐type LiFePO4 was assembled with a conventional activated carbon layer into a single layer structure, aiming at boosting overall deliverable capacities. The lithium‐ion capacitor comprising the smart multi‐layer architectures of negative and positive electrodes then provided a remarkable energy density of ∼110 Wh/kg with an outstanding power performance of 15 kW/kg.

“Nature” and territories as victims: Decolonizing Colombia's transitional justice process

AbstractAcross different national contexts, liberal legal frameworks have primarily focused on war crimes and violence against human victims as violations of human rights and international law. In Colombia, there is growing legal recognition that “nature” and territories are also casualties of war, requiring punitive sanctioning and reparative treatment in the country's transitional justice process. This article examines how local communities inhabiting the epicenters of violence, along with officials responsible for administering transitional justice, are attempting to expand the tenets of this dominant postconflict paradigm. Informed by fieldwork among magistrates, bureaucrats, and Indigenous, Afro‐descendent, and campesino victim organizations, it attends to the tensions and ontological openings that occur during a criminal investigation process when multiple concepts of nature, territory, crime, and harm are held in frictive tandem. It also demonstrates the challenges of doing ethnography during times of explicit political transition and in collaboration with open judicial cases. While the anthropology of law has relied on concepts of coordination and hybridity to describe the interactions between diverse realities and legal systems, this article proposes analyzing the more radical work and limits of progressivism that are unfolding simultaneously within temporary tribunals.

Identification of Urban Air Logistics Distribution Network Concepts

This study attempts to identify urban air logistics (UAL) operational concepts by synthesizing the urban freight transport (UFT) network configurations and urban air mobility (UAM) characteristics. UAL is gaining popularity as a quick and safe mode that has the potential to address several logistics challenges. This study has reviewed scientific papers identified using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) framework to understand the features of existing UFT distribution networks, unmanned aerial systems (UAS), and UAM. The cross analysis considered UFT features such as the parcel’s weight, delivery type (time sensitivity, customer-to-customer, business-to-consumer, or business-to-business), and UFT distribution network types and compared them against the features of UAS such as maximum take-off weight, range, and infrastructure requirements (drone ports). The analysis identified three types of UAL operational concepts: door-to-door direct (D2DD), hybrid, and multimodal. Lightweight deliveries can be operated using D2DD and hybrid through point-to-point (P-P) and extended P-P network concepts. The hybrid concept uses an intermediate drop-off location to deliver goods. Hub-and-spoke (H-S), extended H-S, and trunk line with collecting/distribution network designs can be used for heavyweight cargo operations. D2DD versus hybrid/multimodal concepts were compared based on six thematic clusters (societal implications, safety and security, ethics, environmental issues, public acceptance, and urban planning and infrastructure). This study identified that technological development and innovation could reduce social implications and ethical challenges. Furthermore, public willingness and economic feasibility will determine the success of the operational concepts. The identified UAL operational concepts, network designs, and challenges will help to conduct further research in this subject area.

Advances in Photovoltaic Technologies from Atomic to Device Scale

The question of how energy resources can be efficiently used is likewise of fundamental and technological interest. In this opinion, we give a brief overview on developments of harvesting solar energy across different length scales and address some strategies to tackle economic and ecological challenges, in particular with a view to sustainability and toward a circular economy. On the mesoscopic scale, the emergence of thermodynamic laws in open quantum systems is of central importance and how they can be employed for efficient quantum thermal machines and batteries. The broad tunability of band gaps in quantum dot systems makes them attractive for hybrid photovoltaic devices. Complementary, machine learning-aided band gap engineering and the high-throughput screening of novel materials assist with improving absorption characteristics. On the device scale, hybrid concepts of optical control via metasurfaces enable a multitude of functionalities such as a directed re-emission of embedded photoluminescent materials or field enhancement effects from nanostructures. Advanced techniques in computational nanophotonics concern a topology optimization of nanostructured layers together with multiobjective optimization toward specific light management tasks. On the industrial level, modern manufacturers explore 3D printing and flexible solar cell platforms obtained from roll-to-roll technologies. The remote control of solar parks through applications via the Internet of Things opens up new strategies to expand to difficult terrain where human interaction is only required to a limited extent.

A Critique and Refinement of the Wakefieldian Concept of Disorder: An Improvement of the Harmful Dysfunction Analysis.

One way in which bioethicists can benefit the medical community is by clarifying the concept of disorder. Since insurance companies refer to the DSM for whether a patient should receive assistance, one must consider the consequences of one's concept of disorder for who should be provided with care. I offer a refinement of Jerome Wakefield's hybrid concept of disorder, the harmful dysfunction analysis. I criticize both the factual component and the value component of Wakefield's account and suggest how they might be improved. I propose that the factual component should be statistical variation analyzed in multilevel and chronological compilations of physiological data. I propose that the value component should prioritize the individual's authority regarding the experience of suffering from a physiological condition. My account preserves the insight of using a factual and a value component while avoiding the problems that Wakefield's original account faces.