Humoral Elements Research Articles

Features of the olonkho "Duguya Bege" (towards the formulation of a comprehensive study)

In the context of the introduction of post–non-classical paradigms in the study of oral folk art, it seems timely to turn to one of the brightest examples of folk art of the northern local tradition - the text of olonkho "Duguya Bege", highly appreciated at one time from a scholarly point of view by folklorists S. I. Bolo, V. M. Nikiforov, historian A. P. Okladnikov. The novelty of this study lies in an attempt to identify the ways of further research of the text of this peculiar olonkho, as well as the map of the epic universe attached to it, containing valuable information about historical, ethnographic, toponymic and hydronymic facts. The purpose of this article is to highlight the features of the linguistic fabric, structure, semantics, semiotics of the olonkho "Duguya Bege" and to identify the vector of a comprehensive discussion of problems in its research. The work implements a historical approach, uses methods of review, hermeneutics, generalization, structural and functional analyses. The author dwells on the description of the structural organization, some semantic features, the specifics of the image system, the saturation of the sign system, the originality of the linguistic fabric, the variety of applications of artistic and visual means, genre relationships in the studied olonkho. It is reported that the observation of elements of sarcasm, humor and other forms of comic in the text may indicate the former existence and development of national satire in the Oymyakon tradition. The author comes to the conclusion about the need for a comprehensive study of the text and the epic map of the olonkho world model "Duguya Bege" from the perspective of knowledge and methods of other sciences – history, ethnography, linguistics, geography, semiotics, mythology, which indicates the prospects for further work with this multilevel and multidimensional epic text.

Crímenes, risas y tensión: consideraciones sobre el humor en pódcasts brasileños de true crime

This work reflects on humorous elements present in audio accounts of real crimes. With this objective, we identified a set of rhetorical and expressive procedures related to humor in the podcasts Modus Operandi and Café com Crime, which characterize these accounts both in verbal and in specifically sound aspects. Based on this, we present contributions to the theory of true crime, which describes typical narrative codes of the genre, and we observe an effort by these podcasts to balance narrative tension and comedy. We also see the possibility of subverting the concept of comic relief to give way to strategies of dramatic safeguarding with the function of setting limits to laughter withinthis genre. Finally, we raise possible paths for the ethical debates.

Propuesta de etiquetaje pragmático para un corpus conversacional en español

This paper proposes a system of pragmatic tagging for the VALESCO.HUMOR corpus, available at the Observahumor.com website. To date, the work of the GRIALE group has involved the study of irony and humour in Spanish, leading to the creation of a taxonomy of humour markers and indicators that serve to identify ironic and humorous utterances in the corpus. Markers are elements that help in the interpretation of an utterance as humorous (e.g., intonation or laughter), whereas indicators are humorous elements per se (e.g., certain suffixes or phraseological units). Timofeeva and Ruiz Gurillo (2021) have developed a pilot version of a pragmatic tagging system, based on markers and indicators, for the CHILDHUM corpus (also available at Observahumor.com). However, their system incorporates characteristics which are applicable to that specific corpus of children’s narratives, and as such cannot easily be extrapolated to all the corpora hosted at Observahumor.com. For this reason, it is necessary to carry out a detailed study of the pragmatic tags that might best be used towards a better interpretation of each text therein, and hence that would be suitable for each type of corpus. In the present study we present a proposal for the VALESCO.HUMOR corpus, which comprises 148 ironichumorous sequences extracted from 67 colloquial conversations of the Val.Es.Co. corpus (http://www.valesco.es/). The aim of this proposal is to provide the reader with all the necessary information to be able to interpret these humorous sequences and thus be able to analyse the corpus adequately..

The Power of Patriarchy: Everett’s Work on the Dionysus Myth in Frenzy

This interpretation of Percival Everett's novel Frenzy focuses on the author's rewriting of the myth of Dionysus and other Greek myths referenced in the text, as it is through the revisions of classical versions of the myths that Everett expresses his social criticism. In order to understand the character of the main protagonist Dionysos, the article also discusses Everett's appropriation of The Bacchae by Euripides, in particular of the English translation by C.K. Williams as well as the author's drawing on the Nietzschean concepts of the Dionysian and the Apollonian. Finally, the analysis of major literary devices (narrative structure, first-person narrator, leitmotif of seeing, elements of humor) reveals various strategies Everett uses to incline readers to grapple with the severe critique of patriarchy and capitalism he offers.

The Transgressive Bodies of Dark Horse Comics’ Aliens Line

This article explores the strategies employed by Dark Horse Comics to develop the Xenomorph creature and its associated universe across the publisher's Aliens line of titles. Through analysis of three Aliens miniseries’ story arcs that are representative of the line's narrative and structural innovation, my contribution explores how this corpus transgresses the parameters of the movie franchise's Science Fiction and action-horror genres in the following three ways. Firstly, I investigate the Aliens comics’ introduction of dreams and psychological trauma associated with the literary Gothic past in Aliens: Sacrifice (March–June 1993). Secondly, in keeping with the Gothic's comic turn, I examine the humorous, parodic, and self-referential elements of comics in Aliens: Stronghold (May–September 1994). Thirdly, I explore Dark Horse Comics’ critical understanding of negative nostalgia in preserving and transgressing the narrative structure and aesthetics of Alien (1979) in Aliens: Dead Orbit (April–December 2017). Ultimately, this article considers these three themes as examples of the paradoxically transgressive and restorative elements of Gothic that are apparent throughout Dark Horse Comics’ Aliens line. It argues that the ways in which the Aliens line innovatively reworks these aesthetic and narrative features of the film franchise's visual and thematic origins provide a critical understanding of the productive interactions between comics and literary Gothic traditions.

Discourse towards understanding the impacts of humour in foreign language classes

The phenomenon of humour in every sphere of one's life has a vital role. This project involves the element of humour in EFL classes. The purpose to conduct this research is to investigate how much is the application of humor important, its role, and effectiveness in EFL classes. Mix method/ Qualitative and quantitative types of research have been used for the study. To collect the data, survey forms and questionnaires were used. For data analysis of the collected data, the application namely SPSS was used by the researchers. So the result shows that it is a good technique to apply the mechanism of humour in teaching, especially in foreign language classes.

“Where do these warrish hands and heart of Venus come from?” Statius’ subversion of Ovidian militia amoris in the Thebaid

Statius’ Thebaid has long been recognized as a highly allusive epic, but one system of its allusions— that which engages with Latin love elegy—has received less study than others. To address this oversight, I argue in this article that Statius makes marked references to techniques and tropes of Ovidian elegy in his use of love language throughout the Thebaid. After cataloguing a range of the epic’s Ovidian elegiac intertexts, I argue that Statius sustains an allusion to Amores book one in Thebaid book five. In Thebaid book five, Hypsipyle provides an inset narrative of Venus’ intervention in Lemnos: under the influence of the spurned love goddess, the Lemnian women slaughter the entire male population. In my reading, Hypsipyle’s narrative represents a characteristically Statian subversion of his literary models. In book one of the Amores, Ovid develops the ‘warfare of love’ (militia amoris) trope as a tongue-in-cheek revision of both previous epicists’ and elegists’ more morose and austere poetics. Statius, conversely, recasts the light and humorous elements of Ovid’s militia amoris into his own aesthetic mould, whereby love becomes as horrifying and destructive a force as war in the cosmos of the Thebaid. That is, Statius mirrors Ovid’s own techniques of subversive allusion to mark his poetics also as both indebted to and an innovating of elegiac precursors. But in Statius’ case, the world of elegaic amor becomes graver rather than lighter, more severe than humorous. In sum, Statius’ subversive allusions to Ovidian elegy in his Thebaid, particularly in book five, transform Ovid’s levis love (Am. 3.1.41) into its most monstrous counterpart.

The impact of acute and chronic stress on gastrointestinal physiology and function: a microbiota-gut-brain axis perspective.

The physiological consequences of stress often manifest in the gastrointestinal tract. Traumatic or chronic stress is associated with widespread maladaptive changes throughout the gut, although comparatively little is known about the effects of acute stress. Furthermore, these stress-induced changes in the gut may increase susceptibility to gastrointestinal disorders and infection, and impact critical features of the neural and behavioural consequences of the stress response by impairing gut-brain axis communication. Understanding the mechanisms behind changes in enteric nervous system circuitry, visceral sensitivity, gut barrier function, permeability, and the gut microbiota following stress is an important research objective with pathophysiological implications in both neurogastroenterology and psychiatry. Moreover, the gut microbiota has emerged as a key aspect of physiology sensitive to the effects of stress. In this review, we focus on different aspects of the gastrointestinal tract including gut barrier function as well as the immune, humoral and neuronal elements involved in gut-brain communication. Furthermore, we discuss the evidence for a role of stress in gastrointestinal disorders. Existing gaps in the current literature are highlighted, and possible avenues for future research with an integrated physiological perspective have been suggested. A more complete understanding of the spatial and temporal dynamics of the integrated host and microbial response to different kinds of stressors in the gastrointestinal tract will enable full exploitation of the diagnostic and therapeutic potential in the fast-evolving field of host-microbiome interactions.

Cartoons in The Context of Paul McGhee's Theory of Humor Development

This study, which was conducted to examine cartoons according to Paul McGhee's humor development theory, is a basic qualitative research design. The research study group consists of 8 cartoons, 4 Turkish and 4 foreign productions, which are available on national and international children's channels and digital broadcasting platforms. These cartoons are; Keloğlan Masalları, Niloya, Pepee, Rafadan Tayfa, Caillou, Masha and the Bear, SpongeBob, and The Smurfs. The study's data were analyzed using the "humor checklist" prepared by the researcher. Document analysis technique was used to analyze the data obtained. As a result of the study, it was determined that the cartoon with the most humor elements was Masha and the Bear, the cartoon with the least humor elements was Pepee. In the study, it was observed that the most humor elements were found in stage 4c, which includes humor aimed at distorting the properties of objects, people, and animals, and the least humor elements were found in stage 4d, which includes naming the opposite sex. As a result of the research, it was determined that the cartoon with the most and least humorous elements in each stage differed. Since cartoons have different characteristics, the amount of humor in different stages may vary. However, humor is universal, and children of all ages watch cartoons. In this context, it is suggested that cartoons should have humor elements with different characteristics.

Comedic convergence: Humor responses to verbal irony in text messages

Mode adoption is a term used primarily in pragmatics and linguistics which refers to responses to verbal irony that: a.) converge with (or ‘adopt’) the humor frame and, b.) add a similar element of ironic humor. This paper argues that mode adoption is a form of high-level accommodation. In order to mode adopt, respondents must converge with the speaker's verbal content, their humorous intent, as well as the form this intent is taking. Respondents can, therefore, display convergence/divergence along each of these dimensions with each response to verbal irony falling along a scale of humor convergence. Scholars have suggested that differences in mode adoption may be based on familiarity between the speakers, however, this hypothesis has not been tested experimentally, and CAT has not been directly applied in this context. Over two studies, (N = 430) participants were asked to think of a specific person from their life and type exactly how they would respond to instances of ironic overstatement from this person in a hypothetical text message interaction. Regression analyses revealed that perceived relational closeness predicted humor convergence in study two but not study one. Awareness of the irony was significant predictor of convergence in study one, a finding not replicated in study two. In line with previous CAT research, liking and relative power were also found to predict convergence in humor. These studies provide support for CAT within the domain of humor in texting, clarify important predictors for humor convergence, and argue that definitions of accommodation should explicitly include both behavioral and cognitive elements of communication.

MOTIVATIONAL COMPONENT OF MATHEMATICS TEXTBOOKS FOR PRIMARY SCHOOL (THE BEGINNING OF THE 21ST CENTURY)

The article analyzes the motivational component of mathematics textbooks for students of grades 2–4 at the beginning of the 21st century, the author of which is the well-known Ukrainian researcher and methodologist M. Bohdanovych. It is significant that these textbooks were used as alternative textbooks by most primary school teachers in Ukraine during the specified period. The analysis was carried out according to our elaborated methodology for studying the motivational component of textbooks designed for younger schoolchildren, which includes the following components: emotionality of the content of the educational material; ways of its didactic organization; textbook design. Ways to implement the motivational function of mathematics textbooks at the beginning of the 21st century for primary school have been described. It was done according to the first component which is the most productive and gives a general idea of the motivational component of the textbook. In particular, mathematics textbooks of the beginning of the 21st century were analyzed according to the criterion of “selection of information taking into account students’ cognitive interests”, which is detailed in the corresponding indicators. In the process of analysis, the positive characteristics of these educational books were established (the presence of characters in the plots of mathematical problems, things and activities that are valuable and close to children’s sensory experience, interesting tasks and mathematical problems with fairy-tale plots, etc.). Also, the shortcomings were indicated. These include insufficient number of the previously mentioned tasks, elements of humor, historical information, “curiosity” sections, etc.). On the basis of the obtained results, scientific and methodological recommendations were formulated regarding the strengthening of the motivational component of textbooks designed for younger schoolchildren.
 The specified recommendations offer specific instructions on improving the content of the mathematical problems plots to strengthen their motivational orientation, in particular on increasing the number of characters that are attractive to children, objects that children often use in everyday life and which are valueable for them, and types of personally meaningful activities, performed by the protagonists of the tasks, as well as mathematical problems with original and fairy-tale plots; approximate examples of mathematical problems with a natural plot and information on interesting statistics and agriculture are given. It is also proposed to include material in the “curiosity” rubrics in mathematics textbooks, the author provides the tips on the effective use of other means of motivational influence: elements of humor, historical information, prominent people’s quotes, information on comparative linguistics and etymology, local history material, folk traditions and customs, written and oral folklore. The expediency of using the mentioned recommendations in the process of creating modern mathematics textbooks and books on other educational subjects is substantiated..

Humorous Elements In Ibn Insha,s Travelogues

This research paper carries out the research about Humorous elements in Ibn Insha's travelogues. Ibn Insha was a renowned Pakistani poet, humorist, and travelogue writer. His travelogues are among the most famous and beloved works of Urdu literature. In particular, his humorous and witty observations about different cultures and customs have made him a beloved figure among Urdu-speaking audiences.In his travelogues he shares his experiences and observations about his travels to different parts of the world. He employs his trademark wit and humor to describe the people, places, and customs he encounters during his journeys. Through his writing, Ibn Insha not only entertains his readers but also provides them with a window into different cultures and ways of life. His travelogues are a testament to his keen sense of observation and his ability to find humor and humanity in even the most unfamiliar and seemingly alien settings.

Research Review of Dr. Waheed-ur-Rahman Khan’s Humorous Writing in the Humorous Tradition of Urdu

Humor is the beauty of creative literature, which is based on this atmosphere and on the delicate symbols in which it is created. The writer uses Farce to give more meaning and importance to his ideas. If we speak of the origin of the farce in literature, we find its beginning from Ameer Khusro. His work of keh-mukerni, doskhney and Alnamal. Where the elements of humor were created with the use of broken sentences. Through this genre, Sajjad Husain, Ahmad Ali Shoq, etc. used humor as a socio-political critic and tried to develop harmony among civilizations. For Awadh Panch, the era that was of raptures, attacks, and accidents. At this time, we see the line of many poets and prose writers who oppose pessimism and escape and fight these circumstances with satire and humor. But when we see the tradition of satire and humor, we find many famous examples and names in the history of satire and humor. Now, Ali Raza Ahmad and Waheed Ur Rehman are serving in this field. In this article, the comical writings of Waheed Ur Rehman will be critically assessed as a new humorous author in the tradition of Urdu literature.

INTERLINGUAL PLAY OF WORDS AND ITS REPRODUCTION IN TRANSLATION

Objective. The objective of the article is to study the influence of interlingual word play on fiction translation, to provide practical recommendations and strategies for this stylistic device rendering in he process of translation; to expand the understanding of the complexities and peculiarities of language game elements transfer, which will help preserve the original meaning and emotional impact of the text. Methods. The main scientific results are obtained with the help of such methods as the analysis and generalization of scientific and educational and methodological literature on the problems of functioning and translation of stylistic means of an literary work, interlingual play of words in particular; system analysis; combination of cultural and linguistic methods in research; separation of subsystems of complex objects and their systematic analysis, an integral approach to the study of linguistic phenomena. Results. Interlingual wordplay plays an important role in fiction translation, adding elements of humour, suspense, and cultural depth to the text. It can cause different emotional reactions and influence readers’ perception and interpretation of the work of art. However, the translation of wordplay creates certain difficulties related to lexical, semantic, cultural and stylistic limitations. The translator needs to balance skillfully between preserving the original effect and adapting the wordplay to the target language and culture. Analysis of recent studies demonstrates the importance of understanding and accounting for cultural features, context, stylistic features, and semantic fields during the translation of interlingual wordplay. Various methods and strategies, such as adaptation, substitution, use of equivalent word games, are applied to convey cultural information and emotional effect in translation. The authors consider the meaning and effect of puns in literary texts, analyze their semantic and contextual complexity, translation problems, and consider different methods and strategies used to convey puns. The study emphasizes the importance of cultural and linguistic competence of the translator, as well as a deep understanding and consideration of the context, semantic field, stylistics and emotional component of the original text when translating interlingual wordplay. Only by taking into account all these factors one can achieve an accurate and adequate translation that preserves the author's style.

BLACK HUMOUR IN A FAIRY TALE: VERBALIZATION OF THE CONCEPT DEATH

The paper deals with the study of the influence of black humour elements on R. Dahl’s story “Pig”, qualified by us as a fairy tale genre. The purpose of the research is to describe the verbalization of the author’s individual concept DEATH as a key component for revealing the black-humorous tonality of the story. The model of fairy tale discourse has been specified, which presupposes the use of the initial formula, verbal elements, and patterned compositional structure. The peculiarities of R. Dahl’s creative method (reflected in the fairy tale), whose poetics is characterized by a vivid black-humorous component, have been considered. An interpretation of the lexeme ‘death’ in modern lexicographic sources of the English and Ukrainian languages has been provided. A conceptual model based on the arrangement of frames and slots has been introduced. The functioning of the concept DEATH in the author’s individual worldview has been analysed.
 In the short story “Pig” the writer draws the reader’s attention to the black-humorous macabre element, i. e. death, which is described tragicomically in the author’s and character’s speech with the help of linguistic means to indicate the hero’s enthusiastic and exciting mood and the entertaining tone of the story. Metaphors, contrast, irony, hyperbolization, and allusion occupy the leading place among them. The lexeme ‘death’ belongs to the author’s favourite word that appears as a literary concept. The expansion of the content potential of the specified word occurs due to numerous repetitions and its use in different contexts.
 The linguistic representation of the concept is given in the form of building a lexical and semantic field consisting of four frames (‘cessation of existence, the life of the organism, the end’, ‘reflection of a person’s value’, ‘eating habits of meat-eaters’, ‘a process that equalizes people and animals’) and corresponding slots. Contextual analysis and a figurative approach give reasons to claim that the literary text organizes a system of meanings of the lexeme ‘death’ in a different way. Its figurative meanings as of a symbol of transition to another world and eternal spiritual life, as well as of the personification of evil, generated by people, occupy the first (main) position in the hierarchy of dictionary definitions, thereby expanding its metaphorical meaning.

CREATION OF COMIC STRIPS USING CANVA IN TEACHING WRITING TO STUDENTS

This study simulates the making of comic strips using Canva in teaching writing skills. This research utilizes descriptive qualitative. The analysis shows that creating comic strips using Canva is easy and simple. Open Canva at www.canva.com/ on mobile/ desktop then sign in or register using email, Facebook, or Google. Search for "comics" to start designs. Browse templates, start with a blank page, or choose Canva's ready-made templates. Experiment with features comic designs then customize comics with color schemes, lawyers, font styles, and combinations of stickers, icons, and illustrations. Rearrange speech bubbles and frames, upload images, save/publish and share. Teachers can use Canva to create/design comic strips for writing English sentences/conversations. We can use the available comic strip template patterns or customize them as needed. For example, we create/design a comic strip about "My Daily Activity", we ask students to write sentences/essays of descriptive text according to the picture instructions in the comic strips from the activities of waking up to going to school using the present tense. We can ask students to write sentences/essays about "All About Me". We can ask students to write down what is depicted in the comic strips, for example, personal information including name, birthday, address, family, favorite, hobby, or ambition. Several ways need to be considered in creating comic strips such as the concept/story idea, storyline, and attractive image. For making interesting and educative learning comics, we can include an element of humor, insert material in character conversations, use casual language, and create attractive visuals.

Humorous parodies of popular culture as strategy in Boris Johnson’s populist communication

This article examines the role of parodic humour in Boris Johnson’s populist communication. Populist parties and conservative politicians have increasingly drawn humorous connections to films and entertainment in their political communication. But, despite the increasing research on populism, the role of humour in political communication is not yet at the centre of populism research. The article shows how professionally designed humour can dominate discourses and bring immense amounts of media attention to specific details while distracting attention from other political issues. The argument of the article is illustrated by analysing humorous communication of the former British PM Boris Johnson in 2019 and 2020. Among others, Johnson compared himself to Marvel’s Hulk, a parody that echoed through the news media. The article provides a very specific and new insight into the means by which populist strategies make use of parodic humorous elements in their communication.

Humour in Chetan Bhagat’s The Girl in Room 105 and One Arranged Murder: A Study With Special Reference to His Creation of Dark Humour and Satire

Humour is the predominant element in all the novels of Chetan Bhagat. His novels contain ‘black humour’ which is a form of humour that presents sorrows and sufferings as very mean or that regards human existence as ironic and pointless but somehow comic. ‘Black humour’ is also called ‘Black Comedy’ or ‘Dark Humour’, and the idea that people are powerless victims of fate and character is frequently used to illustrate farce and low humour. The novelist uses humour to reflect the realistic picture of contemporary society. Humour can be more successful in one’s native language. Though the novelist writes in English, he uses very simple language which seems to be one’s own native tongue. The present paper is an attempt to explore humorous elements in Chetan Bhagat's most recent two novels, ‘The Girl in Room 105’ and ‘One Arranged Murder’, with special reference to black humour and satire.

HUMOR LOSS IN THE SHORT FILM ONCE UPON A SNOWMAN

This article discusses how the humorous elements of the short animated film Once Upon a Snowman are conveyed to Indonesian by means of translation using subtitle media. The analysis in this study aims to find out whether humor in English is also considered funny in Indonesian. The results of the study show that there is complexity in translating humor using language features. The animated film Once Upon a Snowman adopts an interpretive-communicative translation method and in doing so several compromises are made. Especially through simplification which often results in a loss of humor Keywords: Humor, Translation

Dispatches from the Farm: The Literary Craft of John Gould’s Maine Humor

Dispatches from the Farm: The Literary Craft of John Gould’s Maine Humor