SummaryRetinal imaging provides a unique opportunity to directly visualize central nervous system and its blood vessels and analyze their structural and functional changes with modern technologies. Retinal imaging has been used for the diagnosis and follow‐up of various eye diseases like glaucoma and age‐related macular degeneration. Also in many systemic diseases like diabetes retinal imaging has been developed as the state of art diagnostic tool. It is one of the most sensitive tools to detect diabetic complications and screening programs to detect retinal complications has been set‐up worldwide. To provide a proper care for increasing numbers of patients is an enormous burden to the health care and will need a new thinking and technologies. Personalized health care, individualized follow‐up and automated self‐testing technologies will neccesary tools to beat these challenges. Re‐engineering retinal imaging with photonics and computational science is a multidisciplinary approach based on spectral imaging and analysis of human retina. It has realized a spectral eye fundus imaging device, spectrally tunable light source device and spectral image database of eye fundus images with clinical expert markings.