Abstract
Scanning laser ophthalmoscopy (SLO) benefits diagnostic imaging and therapeutic guidance by allowing for high-speed en face imaging of retinal structures. When combined with optical coherence tomography (OCT), SLO enables real-time aiming and retinal tracking and provides complementary information for post-acquisition volumetric co-registration, bulk motion compensation, and averaging. However, multimodality SLO-OCT systems generally require dedicated light sources, scanners, relay optics, detectors, and additional digitization and synchronization electronics, which increase system complexity. Here, we present a multimodal ophthalmic imaging system using swept-source spectrally encoded scanning laser ophthalmoscopy and optical coherence tomography (SS-SESLO-OCT) for in vivo human retinal imaging. SESLO reduces the complexity of en face imaging systems by multiplexing spatial positions as a function of wavelength. SESLO image quality benefited from single-mode illumination and multimode collection through a prototype double-clad fiber coupler, which optimized scattered light throughput and reduce speckle contrast while maintaining lateral resolution. Using a shared 1060 nm swept-source, shared scanner and imaging optics, and a shared dual-channel high-speed digitizer, we acquired inherently co-registered en face retinal images and OCT cross-sections simultaneously at 200 frames-per-second.
Highlights
Optical coherence tomography (OCT) [1] allows noninvasive optical imaging of ophthalmic microstructures and has widespread clinical applications including diagnostics [2,3,4,5], tracking disease progression [6,7,8], and therapeutic planning [9,10,11]
By taking advantage of similarities between spectrally encoded confocal scanning laser ophthalmoscope (SECSLO) and spectral domain OCT (SD-OCT) illumination and detection optics, we demonstrated a multimodality ophthalmic imaging system that acquired an en face SECSLO scattering image of the retina interlaced with a co-registered OCT cross-section for real-time aiming and post-acquisition bulk motion estimation and compensation [50]
Using complementary information from SESLO and OCT, we demonstrated multi-volumetric registration and averaging to recover regions of missing data resulting from blinks, saccades, and ocular drifts using mutual information from serially acquired volumes
Summary
Optical coherence tomography (OCT) [1] allows noninvasive optical imaging of ophthalmic microstructures and has widespread clinical applications including diagnostics [2,3,4,5], tracking disease progression [6,7,8], and therapeutic planning [9,10,11]. When combined with image tracking/stabilization and mosaicking methods, OCT-A has demonstrated potential for aiding clinical diagnostics in age-related macular degeneration, diabetic retinopathy, and pathologies in the choroid [27,28,29,30,31,32]. These registration methods require either acquisition of multiple orthogonally-oriented volumes or additional eye-tracking modalities, which may increase system complexity, computational overhead, and cost [32,33,34,35]
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