Human Development Factor Research Articles

MATHEMATICS AS A TOOL FOR LITERARY ANALYSIS. MEASURING HAPPINESS – A CONTRIBUTION TO THE DEFINITION OF HAPPINESS IN STANISŁAW LEM

Background: Happiness and its determinants have been the subject of scientific inquiries as early as in the works of Aristotle. It has appeared in many fields of science. For example, in economics, Frank Knight indicated happiness as one of the three main factors of business success (1921). Nowadays, positive psychology also deals with success. Happiness is therefore an important success factor, not only in business, but also in the real life, career, and development of every human being (Brickman et al. 2016; Seligman 2005). Aim: The main research problem, as a case study, was to identify a definition of happiness, which would provide the opportunity to formulate a mathematical model, thus making it possible to measure levels of happiness. Materials and methods: Literature reviews on the definition of happiness were conducted to achieve the main aim. They resulted in identifying the proposals of Stanisław Lem, who in his futuristic works not only offers a definition of happiness but also describes a unit of its measurement and provides a recipe for it. This became the basis for designing a computer simulation of the definition of happiness as a kind of human experience. Results: A newly designed mathematical model was formulated that describes levels of happiness from a quantitative point of view, including a unit of its measurement. Conclusion: The designed mathematical model is complete and is the first example of the implementation of the definition of happiness described in literature. It is also the first step in the mathematical approach to happiness becoming the most important factor of human work, development, and success

Теоретичне підґрунтя становлення концепції збалансованого регіонального розвитку

The current reforming of local self-government, territorial organization of authorities and administrative-territorial division in Ukraine require new approaches to managing regional development. Therefore, the purpose of the article is to substantiate the theoretical aspects of the concept of balanced regional development. In the study, the author applies systematic approach, theoretical generalization, method of scientific abstraction, logical-semantic method and graphical method. The results of the study show that the concept of balanced regional development should be considered through the prism of seven concepts and theories. Thus, regional development theories (individual theories of spatial organization, utilization of the region's potential and innovation and knowledge, as well as theories of social change) help to perceive the region as a coherent system with the potential for development. The concept of sustainable development emphasizes the importance of meeting the needs of today without sacrificing the needs of future generations. The concept of a smart region combines smart governance, economy, mobility, environment, people and lifestyle. The concept of new pragmatism is reminiscent of taking into account, in governing a region, the system of values "profitably, lawfully, non-immorally". In accordance with the concept of reconstructive development, it is advisable to combine the introverted, inclusive and innovative development of the region. Stakeholder theory points to the need to identify the main stakeholders and establish communication between them. At the same time, behavioral theory emphasizes the strengthening of the role of the human factor in regional development, which actualizes the study of the influence of psychological factors. As a result, the study identified balanced regional development as a long-term process of regional reconstruction with due regard to the existing potential, harmonizing stakeholder interests and establishing communication, optimal balance of environmental, social and economic goals, social justice, cohesion and responsibility. Understanding the nature and features of balanced regional development is theoretically and practically important as it is capable of enhancing the effectiveness of regional governance.

高寒草甸草原景观格局动态演变及其驱动机制

PDF HTML阅读 XML下载 导出引用 引用提醒 高寒草甸草原景观格局动态演变及其驱动机制 DOI: 10.5846/stxb201801260210 作者: 作者单位: 南京师范大学,南京师范大学,南京师范大学,南京师范大学 作者简介: 通讯作者: 中图分类号: 基金项目: 国家自然科学基金项目（41271204）；江苏省地理信息资源开发与利用协同创新中心和江苏高校优势学科建设工程项目（164320H116） Dynamic change of landscape patterns and its driving mechanism in the Qinghai-Tibetan alpine meadow Author: Affiliation: Nanjing Normal University,Nanjing Normal University,, Fund Project: 摘要 | 图/表 | 访问统计 | 参考文献 | 相似文献 | 引证文献 | 资源附件 | 文章评论 摘要:高寒草甸是高寒地区重要的生态屏障和畜牧业基地，脆弱的生态环境极易受到自然和人类活动的影响。为了探究高寒草甸景观格局变化及其驱动力，以多期遥感影像和统计数据为基础数据，在遥感和GIS技术支持下，在利用景观格局指数模型来分析研究区景观格局动态演变的基础上，运用Logistic回归模型从空间角度分析了研究区重要景观演变的驱动力。结果表明：（1）研究区植被覆盖面积所占比例始终维持在80%以上，各景观类型结构变化较为明显；（2）2000-2016年高寒草甸景观类型面积变化较大，其他草甸、旱地和建设用地的面积持续增加，并且年变化速率加快，灌木林地、灌丛草甸和水域面积持续减少；各类景观面积年变化率增大，2000-2009年高寒草甸景观面积年变化率为1.118%，2009-2016年景观面积年变化率为2.067%，每年发生类型转化的景观面积约为0.691×104 hm2，5大类景观转移变化面积不大，但各小类景观的转换现象很明显。（3）景观水平上的景观指数变化反映出2000-2009年景观破碎化程度较强，2009-2016年景观状态得到优化，整体趋向于整合；斑块水平上的景观指数变化反映出不同斑块类型格局差异性较大，变化特征明显。（4）海拔与坡度因子对一级分类草地景观及其二级分类灌丛草甸和其他草甸演变的影响较为显著，植被覆盖度因子对草地景观演变存在显著影响，而距离因子对灌丛草甸和其他草甸演变的影响较为显著。人文驱动因素对草原生态及景观演替起到了加速推动作用，其中，政策因素在保护和修复高寒草甸生态系统上起到了至关重要作用。 Abstract:The alpine meadow is important to animal husbandry and serves as a key ecological barrier in the alpine region. It is easily influenced by natural and human agricultural development factors; multi-period remote sensing images and statistical data were used to analyze the factors influencing the landscape of the study area. With the support of remote sensing and GIS technology, the landscape pattern index model was used to analyze the temporal-spatial characteristics of the landscape evolvement of Hezuo from 2000 to 2016. In addition, we analyzed the driving forces of important facets of landscape evolution through a Logistic regression model from a spatial perspective. The results showed that the vegetation cover area proportion was maintained at 80% during the study period, but various types of structural change in the landscape were clearly apparent. The Alpine Meadow landscape pattern changed significantly from 2000 to 2016. Other meadow areas (mainly sub-alpine and marsh meadows), dry land areas, and construction land areas presented a tendency of increase and the annual rate of change accelerated. Shrub land areas, shrub meadow areas, and water body areas showed a tendency to decrease. The annual change in landscape area increased. The annual rate of change of the alpine meadow landscape area was 1.118% from 2000 to 2009, while the rate was 2.067% from 2009 to 2016. The annual change in landscape area was approximately 0.691×104 hm2. While the overall area change of the five major landscape changes was not significant, the conversion of each sub-category was. At the landscape level, the change in the landscape index indicated that the landscape fragmentation was stronger from 2000 to 2009. With the optimization of landscape status, the overall trend was toward integration from 2009 to 2016. At the patch level, the type of pattern was quite different and the change was clear. Natural factors are the main constraints on the formation and structural changes of the regional landscape. Altitude and slope factors have significant effects on the landscape evolution of different grades. The vegetation coverage factor has a significant effect on grassland landscape evolution, while distance factors have significant effects on shrub meadows and the evolution of other meadows; however, they had different contributions to landscape evolution from 2000 to 2016. Human-related factors played an accelerated role in grassland ecology and driving landscape evolution. Among them, ecological protection and ecological civilization construction of the study area achieved clearly apparent results during the study period. 参考文献 相似文献 引证文献

BIOLOGICAL ASSETS IN ACCOUNTING: PROBLEMATIC ASPECTS

BIOLOGICAL ASSETS IN ACCOUNTING: PROBLEMATIC ASPECTS

Развитие человеческого потенциала в оценках военнослужащих

The paper presents the results of the empirical sociological research «Human Potential Development in the Evaluation of the National Guard Troops Servicemen of the Russian Federation». The analysis of the sociological survey shows that the development of the human potential of servicemen is not only the result of an increase in the standard of living of servicemen, but also of an increase in the quality of educational and health services, increase of social protection, and progressive (socially significant) changes in the labor and welfare system. The factors that hamper the development of the human potential of military personnel are clarified. The authors make a conclusion that at present there is a generally accumulated positive experience in the implementation of human development factors for the National Guard servicemen of Russia. It is a partial increase in the standard of living, modernization of the education system and health care and working conditions and significant improvement of the life of military personnel. To solve the basic problems of the development of human potential of servicemen the authors propose: 1) a steady increase in the real monetary allowance of servicemen; 2) systemic modernization of the quality of working life of military personnel; 3) the adoption and implementation of the Federal Law «On the Social Development of Military Units of the National Guard Troops of the Russian Federation».

Institutional transition and implementation path for cultivated land protection in highly urbanized regions: A case study of Shenzhen, China

Cultivated land is a key resource and environmental factor for human survival and development, and internationally, special protection is generally imposed on cultivated land. China conducts the most stringent cultivated land protection system worldwide, but the restraint mechanism of rigid control with pure administration cannot change the continuous decreasing trend in the acreage and quality of cultivated land. Shenzhen, which is the city with the fastest economic growth in China and a highly urbanized area with a non-agricultural population, has very serious issues regarding cultivated land encroachment, spatially fragmented distribution, and land abandonment, which has rendered cultivated land protection extremely difficult. In this article, the present cultivated land protection situation in China and other countries is summarized, and the acreage change, spatial distribution, and land abandonment of cultivated land in Shenzhen are summarized and analyzed. Then, we propose an institutional framework for the transition of cultivated land protection in Shenzhen, which includes spatial optimization, management innovation, and safeguard systems. The implementation path to the transition of cultivated land protection includes a basic farmland reformation project, spatial usage control and zoning of cultivated land, tender and bid management for cultivated land leasing, and management innovation for facility agricultural land. The pros and cons of how non-agricultural populations impact cultivated land protection and the compound benefits, including the political, ecological, cultural, and technical aspects, of cultivated land protection in highly urbanized areas are discussed. This article notes the potential risks in management innovation in facility agricultural land. The proposed institutional framework for the transition of cultivated land protection and its implementation paths provide a reference for cultivated land protection and utilization in highly urbanized areas and suburbs with a heavy contradiction between economic growth and cultivated land protection in developing countries.

Академическое и вузовское сообщества как компоненты социокультурной среды и фактор развития человеческого капитала (на примере Архангельской области)

Академическое и вузовское сообщества как компоненты социокультурной среды и фактор развития человеческого капитала (на примере Архангельской области)

Stratification and characterisation of complex medico-psychosocial conditions at primary health care level in Eastern DR Congo: methodological approaches

Background: The importance of medico-psychosocial conditions MPSCs at primary health care level is deemed high among people with chronic comorbidities and mother-infant pairs with history of child malnutrition in sub-Saharan Africa. In Eastern DR Congo where up to 8% of children younger than 5 years are acutely malnourished, more than 1 in very 2 children are stunted and nearly 60% of diabetic patients present with high blood pressure, the real burden of MPSCs is unknown. Besides, there is dearth of evidence-based stratification of such complex conditions in low- and middle-income countries. This hinders integrated care of different medico-psychosocial sub-populations particularly in resource-constrained countries. This study sets out to suggest a rigorous approach to stratifying complex MPSCs and understanding their natural history in adults with chronic diseases and mother-infant pairs with acute malnutrition in post-war rural eastern DR Congo settings. Method: This will be a community-based cohort study in adults with diabetes and hypertension and mother-infant pairs with acute malnutrition in four rural and two sub-urban health areas in South-Kivu Province, Eastern DR Congo. Participants will be identified through health centres record review and community health workers search. Pre-tested structured enrolment questionnaires, WHO Disability Assessment Schedule 2.0 WHODAS, Diabetes self-efficacy management scale, questionnaire and eight-item modified Medical Outcomes Study Social Support Survey mMOS-SS questionnaires will be administered by trained data collectors. Participants will be followed up as per 6 months scheduled visits. Principal component analyses with clustering will be run on social determinants of health, clinical factors, WHODAS and mMOS-SS scores to determine the CMPSCs levels at baseline. We shall use the R markovchain package for analyses and predictions of CMPCs trends over time. To identify the predictors of CMPSCs patterns, we shall fit multilevel mixed-effects regression models to account for repeated measurements in the same individual and possible variability in CMSPCs determinants by health areas. In addition to statistical predictions, we shall study the dynamic of CMPSCs in the six health zones through the 2 years follow-up period by agent-based modelling using NetLogo software. The agents under this study will comprise of mother-infant pairs with history of SAM, adults with multi-morbidities and health centres. We shall integrate the role of history and conditional if-then rules in ABM to account for the inherent contextual and human factors in development of CMPSCs. Discussion: Well-defined CMSCs categories could ease understanding of their evolution patterns and predictors, foster adequate and efficient integrated care and enhancequalityof life at individual and community levels in low- and middle-income countries.

Ухудшение ситуации с подтоплением, связанное с антропогенным влиянием на примере города Тюкалинска

Актуальность работы обусловлена увеличением влияния антропогенного фактора в развитии процессов подтопления освоенных территорий. В последние годы в Омской области подтоплению подвергается большое количество населенных пунктов, в том числе и местности с благополучными в целом условиями. Одним из таких населенных пунктов является город Тюкалинск, где проблема подтопления серьезно ощущалась в последние четыре года, что и повлияло на выбор объекта исследования. Цель работы: выявление причин обострения ситуации с подтоплением, поиск решений по стабилизации проблемы с учетом влияния реки, осуществляющей естественный дренаж территории. Методы исследования: анализ многолетних наблюдений за подземными водами на скважинах режимной сети мониторинга состояния недр с учетом количества выпавших осадков, выявление причинно-следственных связей с использованием графоаналитических зависимостей. Результаты. Проанализированы многолетние изменения уровня подземных вод, разгрузка которых осуществляется в реку Тюкалка. Изучена интенсивность выпавших осадков на данной территории за периоды обследований. Выявлены причины медленного ухода талых вод весной и накопления подземных вод в многолетний период. Несмотря на достаточно высокую упругость приходно-расходного баланса (атмосферные осадки - поверхностные - подземные воды) и высокую способность к отводу избыточной воды за счет транзитной (пересекающей город) реки Тюкалка, многочисленные антропогенные сооружения, такие как: водопроводящие трубы, плотины, насыпные мосты, дороги и мн. др., вносят существенный вклад в естественный дренаж, понижая расходную часть водного баланса. Регулирование стока реки приводит к ухудшению отвода как поверхностных, так и подземных вод, увеличивая риски развития подтопления и продолжительность весеннего половодья.

A influência da capacidade econômica e da formação de receitas públicas no desenvolvimento humano

Resumo A promoção do desenvolvimento humano, relacionada com a melhoria de diversas dimensões socioeconômicas, sofre influência do financiamento público e da circulação econômica. Nesse contexto, e considerando a importância do crescimento econômico para o desenvolvimento humano, o presente estudo tem por objetivo identificar as relações estruturais entre capacidade e perfil econômicos, arrecadação própria, transferências financeiras e desenvolvimento humano. Foram utilizados dados em painel logístico binomial. Os resultados apontaram a importância do PIB dos setores industrial e agropecuário e o volume das transferências intergovernamentais como influenciadores do desenvolvimento humano. Por outro lado, o setor de serviços apresentou efeito negativo, embora não se possa desconsiderar sua importância. O fato pode ser explicado pela sua presença em todos os municípios brasileiros, principalmente naqueles de pequeno porte, que na maioria das vezes apresentam baixa infraestrutura urbana, social e econômica e, consequentemente, concentram baixo valor agregado nesse setor econômico.

Alpl prevents bone ageing sensitivity by specifically regulating senescence and differentiation in mesenchymal stem cells

Mutations in the liver/bone/kidney alkaline phosphatase (Alpl) gene cause hypophosphatasia (HPP) and early-onset bone dysplasia, suggesting that this gene is a key factor in human bone development. However, how and where Alpl acts in bone ageing is largely unknown. Here, we determined that ablation of Alpl induces prototypical premature bone ageing characteristics, including bone mass loss and marrow fat gain coupled with elevated expression of p16INK4A (p16) and p53 due to senescence and impaired differentiation in mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). Mechanistically, Alpl deficiency in MSCs enhances ATP release and reduces ATP hydrolysis. Then, the excessive extracellular ATP is, in turn, internalized by MSCs and causes an elevation in the intracellular ATP level, which consequently inactivates the AMPKα pathway and contributes to the cell fate switch of MSCs. Reactivating AMPKα by metformin treatment successfully prevents premature bone ageing in Alpl+/- mice by improving the function of endogenous MSCs. These results identify a previously unknown role of Alpl in the regulation of ATP-mediated AMPKα alterations that maintain MSC stemness and prevent bone ageing and show that metformin offers a potential therapeutic option.

The progression of severe aplastic anemia to hypoplastic leukemia in a long-term observation after the administration of pegylated rHuMGDF.

Thrombopoietin (TPO) is a critical regulator of hematopoiesis. We previously reported that a severe aplastic anemia (SAA) who received a short-term administration of pegylated recombinant human megakaryocyte growth and development factor (rHuMGDF). A trilineage hematologic response was induced, however the patient was diagnosed with leukemia after nine years and eight months from administration of rHuMGDF. In recent reports, somatic mutations in myeloid cancer candidate genes were present in one-third of the AA. A mutant clone may be expanded by rHuMGDF in our patient. The long-term safety of patients treated with TPO and eltrombopag remains unknown. Careful observations are warranted hereafter.

El empleo: factor determinante del desarrollo humano

Este artículo surge por la necesidad de analizar la relación del empleo con el Índice de Desarrollo Humano (IDH) en el Ecuador en base a la disponibilidad de datos de fuentes oficiales desde el año 2005 a 2017. Se describe el comportamiento de las variables a lo largo del tiempo y se realiza el análisis econométrico donde se estructuran los modelos Mínimos Cuadrados Ordinarios y ARIMA. Los resultados de este estudio demuestran que el empleo es un factor fundamental para el desarrollo humano y el bienestar social. Palabras claves: Índice de desarrollo humano, empleo, bienestar social. URL: http://revistas.uta.edu.ec/erevista/index.php/bcoyu/article/view/666

Deep cultural ancestry and human development indicators across nation states.

How historical connections, events and cultural proximity can influence human development is being increasingly recognized. One aspect of history that has only recently begun to be examined is deep cultural ancestry, i.e. the vertical relationships of descent between cultures, which can be represented by a phylogenetic tree of descent. Here, we test whether deep cultural ancestry predicts the United Nations Human Development Index (HDI) for 44 Eurasian countries, using language ancestry as a proxy for cultural relatedness and controlling for three additional factors—geographical proximity, religion and former communism. While cultural ancestry alone predicts HDI and its subcomponents (income, health and education indices), when geographical proximity is included only income and health indices remain significant and the effect is small. When communism and religion variables are included, cultural ancestry is no longer a significant predictor; communism significantly negatively predicts HDI, income and health indices, and Muslim percentage of the population significantly negatively predicts education index, although the latter result may not be robust. These findings indicate that geographical proximity and recent cultural history—especially communism—are more important than deep cultural factors in current human development and suggest the efficacy of modern policy initiatives is not tightly constrained by cultural ancestry.

Multiple criteria analysis of environmental sustainability and quality of life in post-Soviet states

This article deliberates the achievements and trends relevant to environmental sustainability—Ecological Footprint (EF) and the Environmental Performance Index (EPI)—and Quality of Life Index (QLI) in 15 republics of the former USSR over the past 25 years, which have been in constant flux globally. This comparative research additionally includes nine nearby European and four Asian countries. Studies have shown that the environmental sustainability and quality of life of these countries depend on various macroeconomic, values-based, human development and well-being factors. The aggregations of analyzed data from the framework of variables were from World Bank, Country Economy and other databases, which this article details. The method applied is the Degree of Project Utility and Investment Value Assessments (INVAR). The INVAR method provided new opportunities for performing the multicriteria analysis on environmental sustainability and the quality of life. Over the course of the research, there were strong correlations established between the EPI, EF and QLI indicators on one side and the macroeconomic, values-based, human development and well-being factors from the other side.

The long and winding road: transport pathways for amino acids in Arabidopsis seeds.

Pathways for assimilates. During their life cycle, plants alternate between a haploid stage, the gametophyte, and a diploid stage, the sporophyte. In higher plants, meiosis generates the gametophyte deeply embedded in the maternal tissue of the flower. The megaspore mother cell undergoes meiosis, and then, the surviving megaspore of the four megaspores produced undergoes mitotic divisions and finally gives rise to the female gametophyte, consisting of the egg cell, two synergids, the central cell, which due to the fusion of two nuclei is diploid (double haploid) in Arabidopsis and most angiosperms and the antipods, whose number is not fixed and varies significantly between species (Yadegari and Drews in Plant Cell 16(Suppl):S133-S141, 2004). The maternal tissues that harbor the female gametophyte and the female gametophyte are referred to as the ovule (Fig.1). Double fertilization of the egg cell and the central cell by the two generative nuclei of the pollen leads to the diploid embryo and the endosperm, respectively (Hamamura et al. in Curr Opin Plant Biol 15:70-77, 2012). Upon fertilization, the ovule is referred to as the seed. Seeds combine two purposes: to harbor storage compounds for use by the embryo upon germination and to protect the embryo until the correct conditions for germination are encountered. As a consequence, seeds are the plant tissue that is of highest nutritional value and the human diet, by a considerable amount, consists of seeds or seed-derived products. Amino acids are of special interest, because plants serve as the main source for the so-called essential amino acids, that animals cannot synthesize de novo and are therefore often a limiting factor for human growth and development (WHO in Protein and amino acid requirements in human nutrition. WHO technical report series, WHO, Geneva, 2007). The plant embryo needs amino acids for general protein synthesis, and additionally they are used to synthesize storage proteins in the seeds of certain plants, e.g., legumes as a resource to support the growth of the seedling after germination. The support of the embryo depends on transport processes that occur between the mother plant and the seed tissues including the embryo. In this review, we will focus on the processes of unloading amino acids from the phloem and their post-phloem transport. We will further highlight similarities between amino acid transport and the transport of the main assimilate and osmolyte, sucrose. Finally, we will discuss similarities and differences between different plant species in terms of structural aspects but for the molecular aspects we are almost exclusively focusing on Arabidopsis. Fig.1 Vascularization of the Arabidopsis ovule and seed. Plants expressing ER-localized mCherry under control of the companion cell-specific SUC2 promoter and ER-localized GFP under control of the sieve element marker PD1 as described (Müller et al. 2015) are shown to visualize the phloem in the funiculus and the chalazal regions. a Overview over an ovule. FG: female gametophyte. b A magnification of the region marked by a square in panel a. c Overview over a seed. ES: endosperm; E: embryo. d A magnification of the region marked by a square in panel c. The arrows in b and d point to the terminal companion cell and arrowheads to terminal sieve elements.

An inactivating mutation in the histone deacetylase SIRT6 causes human perinatal lethality.

It has been well established that histone and DNA modifications are critical to maintaining the equilibrium between pluripotency and differentiation during early embryogenesis. Mutations in key regulators of DNA methylation have shown that the balance between gene regulation and function is critical during neural development in early years of life. However, there have been no identified cases linking epigenetic regulators to aberrant human development and fetal demise. Here, we demonstrate that a homozygous inactivating mutation in the histone deacetylase SIRT6 results in severe congenital anomalies and perinatal lethality in four affected fetuses. In vitro, the amino acid change at Asp63 to a histidine results in virtually complete loss of H3K9 deacetylase and demyristoylase functions. Functionally, SIRT6 D63H mouse embryonic stem cells (mESCs) fail to repress pluripotent gene expression, direct targets of SIRT6, and exhibit an even more severe phenotype than Sirt6-deficient ESCs when differentiated into embryoid bodies (EBs). When terminally differentiated toward cardiomyocyte lineage, D63H mutant mESCs maintain expression of pluripotent genes and fail to form functional cardiomyocyte foci. Last, human induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) derived from D63H homozygous fetuses fail to differentiate into EBs, functional cardiomyocytes, and neural progenitor cells due to a failure to repress pluripotent genes. Altogether, our study described a germline mutation in SIRT6 as a cause for fetal demise, defining SIRT6 as a key factor in human development and identifying the first mutation in a chromatin factor behind a human syndrome of perinatal lethality.

Educación Artística y transformación social en el contexto de las Humanidades Digitales

Las artes visuales y audiovisuales tienen una destacada presencia en la Red. Hoy día resulta imposible desarrollar una educación artística que no tenga en cuenta la influencia de la cultura digital. En el siglo XXI la aproximación didáctica al arte requiere de la implementación de procesos propios de la alfabetización mediática, visual y audiovisual. Confluyen, por tanto, Educación Mediática y Artística para asegurar la transformación individual y social. Este propósito se enmarca en lo que hoy se denominan Humanidades Digitales, centradas en el empoderamiento ciudadano y posible a través de procesos de aprendizaje y creatividad. Es urgente la adaptación de esta actividad y la reflexión en torno a la realidad contemporánea de la cultura digital y de la innovación, artística y educativa a través de los medios tecnológicos y de las pantallas. En este texto se proponen algunas bases conceptuales que, desde un punto de vista interdisciplinar, permitan abordar una educación artística que tenga en cuenta las características de una sociedad prosumidora, inmersa en procesos de activa participación en redes y tendente a la infoxicación que produce la creación y difusión masiva de imágenes. Además, la transición desde un modelo educativo y artístico eminentemente manual, a una nueva realidad basada en la tecnología y el factor relacional, debe considerarse como una evolución construccionista que permita implementar un enfoque integrador de viejas y nuevas perspectivas, persiguiendo siempre el compromiso por consolidar la creatividad y comprensión artística como factor para el desarrollo humano y la transformación social, factores imprescindibles para una ciudadanía crítica.

Individual, family and environment as the subject of research in social pedagogy – development and transformations

Individual, family and environment as the subject of research in social pedagogy – development and transformations

A path analysis approach on the factors of human development among Muslims in Nigeria

PurposeOne area of concern for Islamic economics is the challenges and discrimination experienced in Muslim societies and the lower human development indices compared to the Western counterparts. It is possible that the application of the theory of Maqāsid al Sharī’ah (TMS) could provide some insight on the problems and probably offer some support to the policymaker on the direction to take. The purpose of this paper is to apply TMS to validate the factors of human development.Design/methodology/approachThe primary data were collected using a questionnaire. The target respondents were Muslims from Nigeria. Both stratified and purposeful random sampling techniques were used to collect the data, and the analyses were done by SPSS and AMOS statistical software.FindingsIn validating factors that contribute to human development, TMS framework is used, and the model integrates five factors which are considered most likely to have influence on human development. The model proposes that individual factors such social justice and human rights have effects on the factors of human development.Originality valueThis study provides understanding on the contributing factors to the persistent challenges of human development in predominantly Muslim settings. Previous research which has applied TMS focused more on its financial relevance and has not attempted to understand the situation and proffer solution.