高寒草甸草原景观格局动态演变及其驱动机制

Abstract

PDF HTML阅读 XML下载 导出引用 引用提醒 高寒草甸草原景观格局动态演变及其驱动机制 DOI: 10.5846/stxb201801260210 作者: 作者单位: 南京师范大学,南京师范大学,南京师范大学,南京师范大学 作者简介: 通讯作者: 中图分类号: 基金项目: 国家自然科学基金项目（41271204）；江苏省地理信息资源开发与利用协同创新中心和江苏高校优势学科建设工程项目（164320H116） Dynamic change of landscape patterns and its driving mechanism in the Qinghai-Tibetan alpine meadow Author: Affiliation: Nanjing Normal University,Nanjing Normal University,, Fund Project: 摘要 | 图/表 | 访问统计 | 参考文献 | 相似文献 | 引证文献 | 资源附件 | 文章评论 摘要:高寒草甸是高寒地区重要的生态屏障和畜牧业基地，脆弱的生态环境极易受到自然和人类活动的影响。为了探究高寒草甸景观格局变化及其驱动力，以多期遥感影像和统计数据为基础数据，在遥感和GIS技术支持下，在利用景观格局指数模型来分析研究区景观格局动态演变的基础上，运用Logistic回归模型从空间角度分析了研究区重要景观演变的驱动力。结果表明：（1）研究区植被覆盖面积所占比例始终维持在80%以上，各景观类型结构变化较为明显；（2）2000-2016年高寒草甸景观类型面积变化较大，其他草甸、旱地和建设用地的面积持续增加，并且年变化速率加快，灌木林地、灌丛草甸和水域面积持续减少；各类景观面积年变化率增大，2000-2009年高寒草甸景观面积年变化率为1.118%，2009-2016年景观面积年变化率为2.067%，每年发生类型转化的景观面积约为0.691×104 hm2，5大类景观转移变化面积不大，但各小类景观的转换现象很明显。（3）景观水平上的景观指数变化反映出2000-2009年景观破碎化程度较强，2009-2016年景观状态得到优化，整体趋向于整合；斑块水平上的景观指数变化反映出不同斑块类型格局差异性较大，变化特征明显。（4）海拔与坡度因子对一级分类草地景观及其二级分类灌丛草甸和其他草甸演变的影响较为显著，植被覆盖度因子对草地景观演变存在显著影响，而距离因子对灌丛草甸和其他草甸演变的影响较为显著。人文驱动因素对草原生态及景观演替起到了加速推动作用，其中，政策因素在保护和修复高寒草甸生态系统上起到了至关重要作用。 Abstract:The alpine meadow is important to animal husbandry and serves as a key ecological barrier in the alpine region. It is easily influenced by natural and human agricultural development factors; multi-period remote sensing images and statistical data were used to analyze the factors influencing the landscape of the study area. With the support of remote sensing and GIS technology, the landscape pattern index model was used to analyze the temporal-spatial characteristics of the landscape evolvement of Hezuo from 2000 to 2016. In addition, we analyzed the driving forces of important facets of landscape evolution through a Logistic regression model from a spatial perspective. The results showed that the vegetation cover area proportion was maintained at 80% during the study period, but various types of structural change in the landscape were clearly apparent. The Alpine Meadow landscape pattern changed significantly from 2000 to 2016. Other meadow areas (mainly sub-alpine and marsh meadows), dry land areas, and construction land areas presented a tendency of increase and the annual rate of change accelerated. Shrub land areas, shrub meadow areas, and water body areas showed a tendency to decrease. The annual change in landscape area increased. The annual rate of change of the alpine meadow landscape area was 1.118% from 2000 to 2009, while the rate was 2.067% from 2009 to 2016. The annual change in landscape area was approximately 0.691×104 hm2. While the overall area change of the five major landscape changes was not significant, the conversion of each sub-category was. At the landscape level, the change in the landscape index indicated that the landscape fragmentation was stronger from 2000 to 2009. With the optimization of landscape status, the overall trend was toward integration from 2009 to 2016. At the patch level, the type of pattern was quite different and the change was clear. Natural factors are the main constraints on the formation and structural changes of the regional landscape. Altitude and slope factors have significant effects on the landscape evolution of different grades. The vegetation coverage factor has a significant effect on grassland landscape evolution, while distance factors have significant effects on shrub meadows and the evolution of other meadows; however, they had different contributions to landscape evolution from 2000 to 2016. Human-related factors played an accelerated role in grassland ecology and driving landscape evolution. Among them, ecological protection and ecological civilization construction of the study area achieved clearly apparent results during the study period. 参考文献 相似文献 引证文献