Human Management Factors Research Articles

Human factors analysis of major coal mine accidents in China based on the HFACS-CM model and AHP method

The safety of coal production in China's mines has been greatly improved in the past few years; however, major accidents still occur frequently, causing large numbers of casualties and a loss of property. Therefore, this study first collected the statistics of 362 major coal mine accidents in China during the period from 2000 to 2016, and established a human factor analysis and classification system for China's mines (HFACS-CM) based on the statistical results. Then, in combination with the analytic hierarchy process (AHP) method, the poor safety practices of coal miners and their related influencing factors, namely, the external environment, organizational influences, leadership behaviors and preconditions, were investigated systematically. On that basis, by combining expert grading, weight calculation and a consistency test, the weights of the accident-causing factors were determined, and the internal relationships among various levels in the HFACS-CM model were analyzed using the chi-square test and odds ratios. Accordingly, the accident-causing factors were analyzed qualitatively and quantitatively. Such a qualitative and quantitative evaluation of major coal mine accidents based on the AHP method and HFACS-CM model could lead to a better management of human factors, provide the basis for accident investigations and be of great significance with regard to safe production practices in coal mines.

Selected Issues of Employers’ Decisions in the Tourism Industry

Purpose. The aim of the article is to analyse the significance of selected trends in the labour market on the decision of employers in the tourism industry. Special attention is paid to the identification of challenges facing employers in connection with the aging population and entering the Y and Z generation on the labour market. Method. The study is the result of desk research and an analysis of primary research results and secondary data provided by institutions dealing with the labour market. Findings. The analysis of the available data carried out in the article shows that changes on the labour market in the tourism industry are basically defined by two groups of processes: (1) population aging and a decrease in available labour resources, (2) entering the labour market of the Y and Z generation, that may affect the relationships between employers and employees and influence the organizational culture of enterprises. Research and conclusions limitations. The research area is limited to Poland. Practical implications. The research results provide vital information about demographic trends and their impact on labour supply in Poland, thus they constitute the basis for formulating recommended actions for tourism enterprises in the direction of optimizing the human factor management process, especially in the area of recruitment and motivation. Originality. The article deals with current trends that determine the behaviour of employers within the tourist market. Special attention is paid to recruitment decisions and methods of motivating employees. Type of paper: Review article.

Increase a person’s face vibrational image information content due to compensation of components caused by his speech activity

The relevance of the human factor management problem is shown with the aim to minimize the possibility of accidents and catastrophes of technogenic origin. The role of modern remote technologies for monitoring the current functional and psychoemotional state of personnel of hazardous enterprises and industries is substantiated. The technology of analyzing the vibrational image of a person’s face is classified as one of the promising information technologies. The problem of occurrence of vibrational distortions is revealed at carrying out of active speech dialogue. An approach is proposed that allows to minimize vibrational distortions due to their selective compensation. For the implementation of selective compensation, it is proposed to use individual models of the persons face, containing information about the areas of the face most exposed to acoustic noise

Increasing the reliability of an estimation of a current psycho-emotional state of the person at the analysis of its face vibraimage in conditions of illumination unevenness and instability

The approach allowing to increase reliability of the person current psychoemotional state estimation results at the analysis of its image vibration components (VC) is offered. The essence of the proposed approach is to spatially-temporally compensate the person’s face VC image distortion caused by unevenness or temporal instability of illumination. It is proposed to use correction of pixel brightness values to compensate for distortions caused by temporal instability of illumination. Such correction is carried out in proportion to the magnitude of the excess of the light level of its mean value at a given time. To compensate for distortions caused by spatial heterogeneity of illumination, it is proposed to use a linear two-dimensional model for correcting the brightness of the image frame pixels in accordance with the measured brightness values at the reference points. Implementation of the approach is most expedient for human factor management, as well as in conducting training and testing sessions.

Human factors risk assessment and management: Process safety in engineering

Abstract Human factors are the primary factors leading to accidents. Therefore, managing human factors is an important way to prevent accidents. This paper aims to introduce a new method to assess and manage human factors. First, the accident causation model was improved based on Reason’s “Swiss-cheese” model, which was then combined with the Human Factor Analysis and Classification System (HFACS) to establish the human factors risk assessment model. The evaluation model includes 5 levels (organization influence, unsafe supervision, preconditions for unsafe acts, unsafe acts, and emergency influence) and 25 human factors. In the risk assessment process, the set pair analysis method was used to calculate the connection number and the partial connection number of each factor, level and whole system. The safety score and risk development interval were calculated by using the connection number, and the risk grade is determined. Thus, the dynamic quantitative evaluation of human risk is realized. By using the partial connection number, the risk development trend of each factor is predicted. Due to the lack of human managed enterprises, the safety status of people is approximately discrete. Therefore, this paper establishes the SPA–Markov chain risk prediction model to predict human risk. The verification results show that the prediction error is less than 2%. This indicates that the prediction model can be applied in practice. To reduce human risk, ABC analysis and the “S-O-R” model were used for human risk management. The application results show that this method has a significant effect on improving human safety factors. Finally, this paper summarizes 12 common unsafe factors and their effective safety “stimulus” measure, researching the accident path. According to the organizational level and individual level of human factors, different kinds of human factors management methods are suggested.

特集「ヒューマンファクタのマネジメント」に寄せて( ヒューマンファクタのマネジメント)

特集「ヒューマンファクタのマネジメント」に寄せて( ヒューマンファクタのマネジメント)

ソフトウェア開発プロジェクトにおけるモチベーションを維持するためのコミュニケーションの考察 : 受容を伴うコミュニケーションによる日本型チームマネジメントモデル( ヒューマンファクタのマネジメント)

ソフトウェア開発プロジェクトにおけるモチベーションを維持するためのコミュニケーションの考察 : 受容を伴うコミュニケーションによる日本型チームマネジメントモデル( ヒューマンファクタのマネジメント)

IT-プロジェクトにおけるヒューマンファクタと組織行動の課題( ヒューマンファクタのマネジメント)

IT-プロジェクトにおけるヒューマンファクタと組織行動の課題( ヒューマンファクタのマネジメント)

チームメンバを動機付ける実践的アプローチ : ほめるとき・叱るときのMEHモデル( ヒューマンファクタのマネジメント)

チームメンバを動機付ける実践的アプローチ : ほめるとき・叱るときのMEHモデル( ヒューマンファクタのマネジメント)

ソフトウェア開発プロジェクトにおけるヒューマンマネジメント : プロジェクトの3段階で行うヒューマンマネジメントの提案( ヒューマンファクタのマネジメント)

ソフトウェア開発プロジェクトにおけるヒューマンマネジメント : プロジェクトの3段階で行うヒューマンマネジメントの提案( ヒューマンファクタのマネジメント)

バランス・スコアカードから考察するモチベーションマネジメントの有効性( ヒューマンファクタのマネジメント)

バランス・スコアカードから考察するモチベーションマネジメントの有効性( ヒューマンファクタのマネジメント)

SIGNIFICANCE OF PROJECT MANAGEMENT SKILLS AND BALANCING OF MANAGERIAL CONFLICTS BETWEEN PROJECT STAKEHOLDERS

As the business environment in the building and construction industry becomes increasingly competitive with a high importance on efficiency and productivity, it is significant for project management teams to develop the right skills and competencies to handle projects well in order to balance the differing-needs of their key stakeholders. The critical part is the subject of project stakeholder satisfaction that Weaver (2007, p. 20-21) mentions as the objective of project management, which links all the competencies of the project manager, the human management factor, and the importance of leading the project with the drive to achieve completion “as efficiently as possible, to the satisfaction of the project’s stakeholders. As a result, achieving key project stakeholder satisfaction appears mysterious due to the subjectivity of the defining success because project success is “perceived differently by different stakeholders” (Shokri-Ghasabeh & Kavousi-Chabok, 2009). The client on one hand, being the paymaster for the project measures success in terms of the delivery of value. The consultants, on the other hand, have a deep interest in their reputation as designers protect the interests and needs of their clients as their hired agent. The contractors, in contrast, often choose to participate in a project based on the client’s financial capabilities, and have interest to call the designs and the completeness of contract documents into question, since variations present opportunities to make additional profit, or to incur losses on the part of the contractor should these not be put forward. In view of this the leadership, management capabilities and communication skills of the project manager and the project management team is critical, which includes interpersonal skills through negotiations, expectations management, influencing problem solving and decision-making skills in order to delicately balance the needs and expectations of these stakeholders, complete the project, and gain acceptance of the deliverable to the stakeholder’s satisfaction at the close out of the project. This research paper studies and describes about the relationship between constructor, client and consultant in project management perspective.

Subjektiver Kompetenzgewinn zur Durchführung eines Notfallkaiserschnitts mittels interdisziplinärem Simulationstraining

The emergency caesaran section is a gynecological emergency situation which is potentially life-threatening for mother and child. In the management of these time-critical situations human factors as well as the competence of the crisis resource management team have been shown to be important factors for success. The concept "simulation" has not been validated as a training tool for professional competence of multidisciplinary teams in the delivery suite. The aim of this study was, to assess the competence gain by subjective evaluation of the team members after taking part in an emergency caesarian section training which is integrable into the daily clinic setting. Method 36 members of a multidisciplinary team of a delivery suite took part in a 4-hourly "high-fidelity" simulation training "emergency caesarian section". Scenarios were created around the case setting of eclampsia with bradycardia of the child, uterus rupture, placenta abruption and cord prolapse. Each participant was involved in 2 scenarios as either a spectator or a team member. Using a questionnaire, the course performance and debriefing were evaluated and the subjective professional competence in Crisis Resource Management were recorded. Results In the collective of the trainee (over/equal 5 years), 25% had no experience in any cases of emergency caesarean in practice. On a scale of 1 to 6 (1=very good, 6=fail) the course was given an overall mark of 1.4 and a mark of 1.8 for its relevance to daily work. 6 months after the training, participants rated their competencies in prioritising necessary actions, following treatment plans, communicating among the team members as well as integrating new information as significantly improved. Conclusion The 4-hour simulation training can be easily integrated into everyday clinical practice. The participants marked the course scenarios as realistic and relevant for their clinical practice. The number of years of prior work experience is not significanty related with the experience in rare emergency situations. The interdisciplinary team training is a way to improve individual performance as well as to establish and practise interdisciplinary emergency concepts.

Incidence and identification of risk factors for trastuzumab-induced cardiotoxicity in breast cancer patients: an audit of a single "real-world" setting.

Management of human epidermal growth factor receptor-2-positive (HER2+) breast cancer patients includes the combination of adjuvant chemotherapy and trastuzumab. A meta-analysis reported that <5% of HER2+ breast cancer patients will develop trastuzumab-induced cardiotoxicity (TIC). Observational data suggest that incidence is much higher. We aimed to determine the incidence, time to development, and risk factors associated with TIC among less selected patients. A retrospective cohort study was carried out in 160 HER2+ breast cancer patients who received adjuvant chemotherapy with trastuzumab from January 2006 to June 2014 at St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Canada. Patient demographics, cardiovascular history, and TIC were recorded. TIC was defined as symptomatic (heart failure) or asymptomatic [decline in left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) by ≥10% or LVEF≤50%]. Of the 160 patients [median age 52 (IQR 45-60), 48.1% on anthracycline-based chemotherapy], 34 patients (21.3%) experienced TIC (median follow-up 55.4months). The median time to development of TIC was 28.5weeks during trastuzumab therapy. Those with TIC were more likely to have undergone a mastectomy (52.9 vs. 33.3%, p=0.04). However, after adjusting for anthracycline-based chemotherapy, and radiotherapy, mastectomy was not independently associated with TIC (HR 2.02; 95% CI 0.88-4.63). The incidence of TIC is higher in our "real-world" population compared to clinical trial data. The median time to development of TIC was 28weeks after trastuzumab initiation, approximately the 10th treatment of trastuzumab. Timely identification and management of patients is important to avoid irreversible cardiac toxicity and improve breast cancer survival.

Place and importance of human resources management in hotel operations

As nowadays technology production is out of monopoly of certain countries, it also possible for countries that don’t have necessary equipment for technology production to acquire them by copying. In this context every other resource except human resources can be bought, substituted or acquired by various means. Human resource is hardest to acquire and the most expensive. The most important feature of the tourism sector whose importance is ever-growing today and the future is it being a service sector. Therefore, the only way to reach maximum quality of touristic products is manpower. Within hotel operations, running services and satisfying customers are largely provided by the effort of personnel. For this reason; human resources is very important for the efficiency of hotel operations. Operations that adopts a modern manner of management, practices human resource management techniques that ensures the employment of right person, in the right place and the right time. It is clear that competitive power increases by the correct planning of human resources in an operation. In hotel operations, “human” factor is the one that creates both the income and expenditure. Good management of human resources factor will ensure efficient use of manpower in businesses. In a sector such as hotel managements, that face-to-face relationships and the case of “service of a human to a human” happens densely, management of human resources is only possible by a Human Resources Management which requires special knowledge and skill in this field. Human resources management is a discipline that educates the personnel, improve their knowledge and skill, motivate and ensure them being satisfied with their work. For hotel operations to adopt and practice the mentality of human resources management will ensure their continued existence. Keywords: Place And Importance, Human Resources Management, Hotel Operations

International assessment of application of the Code of Conduct on the Safety of Research Reactors

AbstractThe self-assessments performed by thirty-eight countries on application of the Code of Conduct on the Safety of Research Reactors were analyzed and discussed. The results of this analysis were used to identify areas of satisfactory application of the Code and area needing improvements, and therefore require more attention worldwide. The results showed improvement in application of the Code provisions; ntformat otably in aging management, regulatory supervision, and consideration of human factors. However, there is a continuing need for further improvement in these areas, as well as in operational radiation protection, emergency preparedness and decommissioning planning. Additionally, increased attention needs to be given to periodic safety reviews, evaluation of site-specific hazards, and assessment of extreme external events. The results showed consistency with the feedback from other sources of information on generic safety issues for research reactors.

Человеческий фактор в обеспечении безопасности социально-экономических и общественно-политических систем

This paper’s urgency consists in the need for the most effective using of the human capital for counteraction&#x0D; to security threats related to social-economic and political systems in all areas of activity. The paper’s&#x0D; subject is connected with developments, which are conducted in Nature Management and Environmental&#x0D; Security (NM&amp;amp;ES) Chair of the State University of Management in the frame of scientific school “Risk Management&#x0D; and Security Assurance for Social-Economic and Political Systems” which head is the Honored&#x0D; Scientist of the Russian Federation, Professor, Doctor of Engineering Ya.D. Vishnyakov. The problem has&#x0D; global character, and within the country becomes an issue of national security ensuring. Therefore this paper&#x0D; subject is included into one of above-mentioned scientific school’s research directions — “Strategic Risk&#x0D; Management and Ecological-Economical Damage Assessment in Social-Economic and Political Systems”.&#x0D; Considering all range of the modern world threats and their catastrophic consequences it is possible to tell&#x0D; with confidence that the existing civilization is the risk one. It is common knowledge that so-called «human&#x0D; factor» (HF) plays the essential role in the origin of accidents and catastrophes leading to emergency situations.&#x0D; This factor’s negative role can be manifested in the lack of timely intervention, wrong intervention,&#x0D; correct, but untimely intervention, excess or harmful intervention.&#x0D; In the research of the HF phenomenon it is necessary to reveal, first of all, not only it’s cause-effect relations&#x0D; with the emergency, but also to develop mechanisms allowing to use as much as possible opportunities&#x0D; which are put in the HF concept. First of all it belongs to vocational training of persons making crucial decisions on security assurance, their continuous self-improvement and education, increase of these persons’&#x0D; rigor and responsibility.&#x0D; The security assurance problem solution demands not only a high standard for knowledge and abilities&#x0D; of experts on all management levels, but also understanding by them a huge responsibility for future world&#x0D; order. According to the Russian Federation’s National Security Strategy till 2020 the human potential development&#x0D; and Russia’s human capital role increase are the priority direction in country’s further successful&#x0D; development.&#x0D; In the conditions of natural and technogenic risk increasing and market competition strengthening, the&#x0D; knowledge management becomes a major factor of risk mitigation, security assurance of population and&#x0D; State’s economical objects, improving competitiveness. Only thus the modern civilization of risk, using the&#x0D; human capital’s intellectual power as a basis for the most effective human factor management, becomes&#x0D; a knowledge and risk civilization. This thesis understanding and adoption of urgent decisions on security&#x0D; assurance will allow mitigate all categories of risks at least by a decade in the coming years.

Managing Successful Project Teams in a Diverse Stakeholder Environment: Merging Industry Best Practices with an Education System to Address Critical Human Factors

Across the United States, industry, education and government stakeholders are redefining their partnerships in order to address and reduce critical skill gaps in the current workforce. This represents a paradigm shift in technical and professional education, as well as the collaborative processes utilized in creating and maintaining complex multi-stakeholder talent development systems. In doing so, however, this paradigm shift also presents a huge challenge: education and public sectors are typically not familiar with matured product development and (project) management principles and often do not apply proven industry practices to the definition, design, delivery and improvement of their educational products. The evaluation, acceptance and ultimate implementation of those principles departs from the traditional (United States) culture of education, as it applies new instructional design processes, change implementation processes, and feedback/assessment models. Therefore, critical review of such methods, innovative development of transfer options and human factors management in successfully achieving the required systems change were identified, and include explanation, understanding, acceptance, personal development, and trust. Using a case study approach, this paper will analyze several highly visible and innovative adaptations of industry and educational standards which were accepted and released by all relevant stakeholders. By leveraging subject matter experts from both the industry and academic settings, Michigan Advanced Technician Training (MAT2) formed organizational and working teams comprised of the primary government, industry, and academic stakeholder groups and established a workable context for a knowledge transfer of best practice industry standards. Said standards were applied bi-directionally by academic providers and partnering manufacturing enterprises, and now serve as best practice examples for post-secondary systems of apprenticeship education.

Identify and rank the factors in empowering employees by hierarchy (AHP)

Abstract. In development approaches to human resource management, the importance and position of human factors in organization have been clearly discussed. If there are approperiate situations for the growth of individual talents, organization`s asset (that is; human resource) will has better performance. One of the most effective factors in improvement of employee`s performance, is the growth of sense of empowerment among them. The present research reviews and identifies the factors in empowerment of employees of urban beautification organization of Urmia municipality in hierarchy method (AHP). For doing so, first literature and related concepts in empowerment were reviewed, and then the effective factors were studied. Then, a questionnaire was prepared to identify the factors in research population. In the next stage, the stability of questionnaire and the relationship between 19 factors with empowerment were reviewed through SPSS 15. In the follwing, AHP was used to rank the factors of empowerment. The results of factors ranking indicate that at the first 3 positions are training, capability, and skills of empoyees, respectively, and job significance, flexibility and information availability are placed in ranks 17-19. Managers should manage the employees` empowerment based on weight and rank of each factor.

Human interface with safety instrumented systems in the chemical, petrochemical, oil and gas industries

Industrial processes became safer with automation. However, when these systems fail, it can cause major accidents. Thus, it is fundamental for these systems to be installed and maintained to avoid failures that can be transformed into accidents. Random and systematic failures are failures of automation systems. The first are predictable, however the second are caused by human factors, hence, it is impossible to foresee them. Thus, it becomes necessary to have good human factor management to avoid these dangerous failures. This paper briefly discusses human errors and comes up with a management to avoid systematic failures, taking in consideration the types and behavior of the errors. Applying this management, it will reduce human errors and, therefore, systematic failures. These actions will enhance the safety of industrial processes.Keywords: Human errors. Automation. Safety. Management.