Human Capital Competitiveness Research Articles

Security issues in the formation and competition for human capital in the context of destabilisation of the European labour market

Security issues in the formation and competition for human capital in the context of destabilisation of the European labour market

ЧЕЛОВЕЧЕСКИЙ КАПИТАЛ ПРЕДПРИЯТИЙ: ИДЕНТИФИКАЦИЯ, СТРУКТУРА И МЕЖДУНАРОДНАЯ КОНКУРЕНТОСПОСОБНОСТЬ

The article discusses approaches to defining the essential features of the concept of human capital and its structural elements. The peculiarities of the human capital of machine-building enterprises are related to the specifics of the industry. The place of human capital in the structure of intellectual capital of industrial enterprises is considered. The interrelation of the category “human capital” with related concepts is analyzed. Aspects of the international competitiveness of human capital of machine-building enterprises are highlighted.

Human capital competitiveness model in the digital era of craft creative industry entrepreneurs

Human capital competitiveness model in the digital era of craft creative industry entrepreneurs

Human capital competitiveness management as a resource for sustainable development

The gradual transformation of the higher education system that has been observed over the past few decades, especially against the backdrop of the challenges of the 2020 pandemic, has actualized the need to study the causes underlying it. The study of the education industry as one of the elements of the division of labor showed that the main drivers of the process are, on the one hand, the employers' market, which demands from modern workers high adaptability and the ability to switch between spheres of activity, and on the other, the labor market itself, which is subject to deepening automation while maintaining and, in many countries, increasing the proportion of the older population. Intensive global socio-cultural changes are leading to a revision of existing educational systems and their global transformation. Humanity uses education as the main social mechanism to purposefully influence the course of its development. The formation of human capital for sustainable development is one of the priorities of the future, transforming the modern education system, changing its goals, content, forms and methods of teaching.

The Examining of Entrepreneurial Intention Among Students with Entrepreneurial Education and Individual Value: Mediation Role of Human Capital

<p>This study aims to examine the mediating role of human capital on the effect of entrepreneurial education and individual value on entrepreneurial intention. This research was conducted on students majoring in business at a university in Bali with a population of 7,246 people. A sample of 379 and data was collected using a questionnaire that returned as much as 279. Testing the research model using PLS-SEM with WarpPLS 7.0. The findings show that entrepreneurial education influence human capital, and individual value has an effect on human capital. Entrepreneurial education can influence entrepreneurial intention. Individuals could an effect on entrepreneurial intention, human capital can influence entrepreneurial intention. This study also found that human capital was able to partially mediate the influence of entrepreneurial education on entrepreneurial intention. Human capital was almost not able to mediate individual value on entrepreneurial intention. This study shows evidence of the importance of entrepreneurship education and individual value for creating competitive human capital in generating entrepreneurial intentions. These findings also provide an understanding of developing entrepreneurial intention models with an entrepreneurial education system and value strategies that shape the competitiveness of human capital.</p>

The COVID-19 pandemic impact on the global tourism industry SMEs: a human capital development perspective

PurposeThis paper aims to propose a model for increasing human capital competitiveness in the tourism sector in emerging economies. Using Indonesia as an example, the authors study the extent of the COVID-19 pandemic’s impact and the sector’s resilience.Design/methodology/approachData was collected using a survey of 199 tourism workers in Magelang city in Central Java Island. The data was analyzed using structural equation model with Smart PLS.FindingsThe results confirm that social and human capital influence business success. Furthermore, innovation moderates the influence of human capital and social capital on business success.Originality/valueBy conducting a primary survey with the tourism workers and those who work and interact with the tourism industry in Indonesia, the authors show how a promising approach to creating and sharing agile knowledge can enhance the tourism industry micro, small and medium enterprises in emerging economies during and post-COVID-19 pandemic and after.

ІНКЛЮЗИВНИЙ ПІДХІД ДО ПІДВИЩЕННЯ КОНКУРЕНТОСПРОМОЖНОСТІ ЛЮДСЬКОГО КАПІТАЛУ В УМОВАХ МАКРОЕКОНОМІЧНОЇ НЕСТАБІЛЬНОСТІ

The article defines the growing role of human capital in the modern world, as well as its huge potential for the economic development of various national economies, including the economy of Ukraine. It is emphasized that in the modern post-industrial society, the importance of financial capital is increasingly replaced by the importance of human capital. The role of human capital is growing in conditions of disruption of macroeconomic stability. Different approaches to determining the essence of human capital are considered. The article offers a proper interpretation of human capital as a set of knowledge, abilities, skills and competencies that are inherent to individuals and that contribute to the increase of personal and social well-being. It is emphasized that a person is the basis of human capital. It is a person can accumulate knowledge, skills and experience, therefore all characteristics of human capital directly or indirectly determine the state of a person. The article proposes to consider human capital from the point of view of its quantitative and qualitative characteristics. Demographic trends and migration processes are defined as the main quantitative characteristics of human capital, and education and science, economic activity, health status are defined as qualitative characteristics. It was found that as a result of the full-scale war of the russian federation against Ukraine and the disruption of macroeconomic stability, the quantity and quality of human capital underwent certain changes. Negative demographic trends of human capital and negative dynamics of the main indicators of economic activity are determined. The dynamics and nature of migration processes have changed. It is noted that despite the high indicators of the cult of higher education, there are certain difficulties in this field, as well as in the field of health care. In order to increase the competitiveness of human capital, it is proposed to apply an inclusive approach to it, in particular in the field of education, in the field of labor and/or entrepreneurial activity, and in the field of health care.

Calculation and Measurement of China’s Human Capital after Comparing Human Capital with Technological Innovation

Human capital, as a synthesis of wisdom and physical fitness condensed in workers, is sometimes confused with technological innovation by existing literature. This paper makes comparisons between these two terminologies. Technological innovation is a short-term activity that attaches importance to economic benefits while human capital accumulation is a long-term strategic process with lifelong benefits, and human capital is the foundation of technological innovation. In empirical part, this paper adopts Solow Residual Method to calculate stock, elasticity and growth rate of human capital of 10 countries after eliminating physical capital, labor force and technological innovation. It is found that human capital stock in the United States is the largest and human capital growth in China is the fastest. Calculation is followed by measurement. We construct a comprehensive index of human capital by using Index Weight Assignment Method and Two-level & Three-factor CES Function to measure and predict human capital level in China. Both calculating and measuring results show that growth rate of China’s human capital is around 5%. In the future, for highquality economic development, China should give priority to human capital development and comprehensively improve human capital competitiveness.

Quality of Distance Learning in Kirovohrad Region, Ukraine, During Quarantine Restrictions

The issue of distance learning became relevant in early spring 2020 due to quarantine measures caused by the pandemic. The issue of transition to distance learning for all levels of education has become acute and lightning fast. In the conditions of globalization of the modern world, when information and timeliness of its receipt play a decisive role in competitive advantage, the content of education changes dramatically. The competitiveness of human capital is directly correlated with the requirements of the new information society, in which the knowledge aging is significantly reduced, and new opportunities for their acquisition will appear. A promising and extremely relevant area of modern higher education development under quarantine, as well as integration into European and world education is the active introduction of distance learning technologies in the educational process. The article analyzes the monitoring study of the general secondary educational institutions of Kirovograd region students’ parents attitude to distance learning. The purpose of the study is to determine the level of distance learning quality during quarantine restrictions. Research methods include general scientific methodology of research and principles of a systematic approach; case study methods. The results of the study are considered and the current state of quality assurance of general secondary education has been analyzed. The data obtained during the monitoring should be considered as an information basis for effective management of the educational process, to improve its content, methodological and organizational aspects. Conclusions. The most important elements of distance learning should be: the creation of practical situations during the educational process, the opportunity for students to express themselves constantly, self-realization, educational process clarity, its individualization, technical and technological support of distance education. Successful solution of the problem of effective implementation and harmonious development of distance education in Ukraine will increase the quality level, higher education accessibility, integration of the national education system into scientific, research and production, social and cultural information infrastructure of the European / world community.

Influence of Human Capital on the Development of Tourism Industry

Human capital is the main economic resource that increases the country's GDP, which has become the main productive and social factor in the development of the economy and is a major supplier of knowledge in achieving sustainability and competitiveness in the world market. It is not only about generating knowledge, but also about the opportunities that the industry has in integrating this new knowledge into its products, services and processes and disseminating it to people through education, training and information. The importance of the knowledge, competencies and skills of workers is increasing due to the specific characteristics of the product and services offered by the tourism sector. The aim of the study is to analyze the main indicators of the tourism industry, which consider the capabilities of human capital as a key factor in determining competitiveness. While human capital is not always emphasized when assessing competitiveness in the tourism industry, human capital capacity is a key factor. In many countries, the competitiveness of human capital in tourism is lower than desired, providing opportunities for additional investment in competitiveness through education and better labor market practices.

The Evolutionary Role of Higher Education in Sustainable Development: Pandemic 2020–2021

This article investigates the role of higher education in the economic development of the country. The research aims to investigate the theoretical and methodological basis of the role of higher education and human capital in economic growth, evaluate the current state of higher education within pandemic COVID-19, and develop scientifically and applied recommendations to strengthen capacity and improve the competitiveness of human capital in the developing countries.
 An analysis of the existing researches and debates is made. We defined the state of higher education in Kazakhstan and considered the changes in education within the context of COVID-19. We made multiple correlations and regression analysis based on the education coverage index and GDP(mln KZT), where defined the moderate correlation between two variables. Statistical data is studied in a period from 2000 to 2019.
 This paper contributes to the literature by fulfilling a theory of human capital development in the knowledge economy, revealing the relational mechanism between higher education, sustainable development, and the economic boundary of this relationship. It also contributes to the further understanding of the role of higher education in economic development. This study result implies to strengthen capacity and improve the competitiveness of human capital, draft human capital development policy.
 Keywords: SDG; COVID-19, human capital, higher education

AI-enabled recruiting in the war for talent

A large body of research has well established that changes in net balances between labor supply and demand can drive competition for human capital. We propose that AI-enabled recruiting tools constitute a force that will intensify the war for talent above and beyond episodic changes in net balances. We also propose that three seismic shifts will further intensify the war for talent by increasing the value of human capital and lowering its switching costs. Lastly, we bridge human resource management and military escalation literatures and examine how three key onset conditions relative to the use of AI-enabled recruiting tools have the potential to spark an arms race for those tools. Finally, we examine the managerial implications of these dynamics so that managers prevail not just in short-term skirmishes but also in the long-term war for talent.

Institutional Traps in the Scientific and Educational Sphere: Nature and Mechanism of Elimination

Introduction. One of the consequences of the crisis associated with the coronavirus pandemic will be increased global competition for human capital. Russia’s ability to create barriers to “brain drain” will determine how quickly to overcome the crisis and enter the sixth technological order. Improving the efficiency of the educational system (primarily higher education) as a “basis” for training scientists, who can provide “breakthrough” scientific results, actualises the research aimed at eliminating ineffective standards, which set false benchmarks for the innovative development of higher education and science. The aim of the present research is to identify the nature of institutional traps in the scientific and educational sphere and to suggest the ways to eliminate them. Methodology and research methods. The current research was carried out on the basis of a systematic approach. The following general scientific methods were employed: analytical review of scientific literature and the content of normative documents, generalisation, comparison, synthesis. Results and scientific novelty. The author’s hypothesis that the backbone of the institutional trap in the scientific and educational sphere is the trap of strategic planning in the formal documents, which should set strategic guidelines of development of higher education and science, the real content of these documents does not represent: a) the structure of trained personnel (the proportion of graduates, who studied under secondary professional and higher education programmes); b) the planned number of future specialists in specialties and areas of training, which are critical for a breakthrough in the sixth technological order; с) the necessary and sufficient number of researchers, who can provide “breakthrough” scientific results; d) the necessary and sufficient number of higher school teachers, who can provide high-quality transfer of “compressed” human experience. In the scientific sphere, the phenomenon of “implicit knowledge deficit” is recorded: against the background of an increase in the proportion of young researchers (up to 39 years of age), the number and proportion in the cohort of middle-aged researchers (40-59 years) decreases. In higher education, there is a “surplus of implicit knowledge”: a decrease in the share of young teachers with a fairly stable share of middle-aged teachers creates a situation, where there is no one to transmit implicit knowledge to. Cumulatively, this can prevent real scientific results from being obtained and promoted in the real economy and commercialisation, as well as lead to imitation of scientific research and the absence of “breakthrough” scientific results. The analysis of approaches used by the Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation to assess the effectiveness of universities and research organisations suggests the existence of a “performance evaluation trap”, when the proposed methods do not allow making an objective conclusion about the essence of the measured. The trap of strategic planning in the scientific and educational sphere predefined the paradoxes of strategic planning in the Russian Federation when the development of strategies and programmes for the promotion of crucial sectors of the national economy is not based on forecasting long-term socio-economic development of Russia. Based on the generalisation of the results of the analysis, the proposals are formulated, which should be kept in a reference framework for a national-oriented strategy for the development of the scientific and educational sphere. Practical significance. The research results can be used to adjust the strategy for the development of scientific and educational sphere.

Challenges Regarding the Use of Human Capital in the Contemporary Economy

Abstract The paper addresses a topical and important issue for national economic activity, highlighting the important role that human capital has in ensuring economic development and growth. Given the increasingly dynamic and turbulent economic and social context, as a result of the expansion of the phenomena circumscribed by globalization, continuous training through education and the level of health of the population remain the main pillars in ensuring the competitiveness of human capital. Considering this reality, the paper presents a detailed analysis of Romania's position regarding the investment in education and health in a European context and the main elements that characterize the national human capital. By identifying the vulnerabilities associated with the qualitative and quantitative structure of the national human resource, a set of proposals and recommendations are formulated meant to constitute possible solutions for the reported problems. The main conclusions deriving from the study strengthen the hypothesis according to which the return of different forms of professional training is ensured by investing in education and health and represents the conditions of a competitive economic environment in which human capital is properly capitalized.

Mechanism for the formation and functioning of a model for the reproduction of human capital

The purpose of this article is to determine the mechanisms of formation and functioning of the reproductionof human capital that currently exist on the market. The subject of the article is the analysis andstudy of the mechanisms of formation and functioning of the model of reproduction of human capital,and the object is real connections and processes in the economy that appear in the process of formationand functioning of human capital in the current market and the country’s economy. The importance ofthe enterprise in the implementation of the mechanism of reproduction of human capital; types of marketmechanisms for the development and functioning of the modification of the reproduction of competitivehuman capital; sociocultural scheme of competitiveness of human capital; analysis of regulatory algorithmsin the human capital market are considered. In this article, general scientific methods are applied,involving a comprehensive, systematic approach to solving problems, induction and deduction, theunity of qualitative and quantitative, historical and logical analysis, synthesis, scientific abstraction, and statistical methods. The methodology for the reproduction of human capital has not yet been formulated,or to be more precise, it has not been fully described. In modern times, society requires the use of morequalified and competitive human capital, forcing enterprises to seek and apply various types of marketmechanisms for the reproduction of human capital. In this regard, the determination of the mechanismsof formation and functioning of the model of reproduction of human capital is a very important andrelevant topic. Various approaches to the study of the formation and functioning of human capital —institutional and functional approaches – are examined. The conclusion is drawn on the importance ofstate regulation of some mechanisms for the formation of the reproduction of human capital, that it isnecessary to return to the state the role of an “instrument of an accurate superstructure” of market mechanismsfor the functioning of the human capital market; that the main condition in the formation of humancapital is considered the process of investing in human capital, i.e. investment.

Human Capital Capabilities for Sustainable Competitive Advantage in Tourism Industry

The aim of this article is to discuss the main Travel and Tourism competitiveness indicators which take into consideration human capital capabilities as a key factor when determining competitiveness. Human capital competitiveness in the tourism industry will be analyzed based on the internationally accepted methodology Travel and Tourism Competitiveness Index (TTCI). Analysis will focus on the globally most competitive countries in tourism and on countries in the Southern European region. The research shows that even though human capital is not always emphasized when competiveness evaluation is carried out in the tourism industry, human capital capabilities are a key factor taken into account in the competitiveness assessment data. In many countries the competitiveness of human capital in tourism is lower than desired, providing opportunities for additional investment in competitiveness through education and more-efficient labor market practices. Research methods used in the study include the systematic and logical analysis of scientific literature and synthesis.
 
 
 Keywords: human capital, labor market, travel & tourism competitiveness, tourism industry

Migration for Economic Growth: Strategic Approaches. Russia's Case

The issue of international migration has moved to the top of the political agenda in recent years. The heated media debates tend to hide the fact that the phenomenon of modern migration is complex and multifaceted; actually, there are few social issues where popular opinion and the research discourse diverge so sharply. While much of the discussion is focused on the immediate social aspects of migration,both from the perspective of migrants and that of their “hosts”, the issue of the possible longterm economic effects of international migration is elaborated to a much lesser extent. Overall a country-specific analysis of migration should consider four questions: • Is there an economic case for migration? What are the requirements for labor and human capital from the perspective of economic growth (demand) and organic demography (supply)? • Are there pools of human capital in territorial and cultural proximity? • What is the history of the cultural diversity in the society? Did it traditionally see itself as mono-ethnic or multi-ethnic? • What is the long-term government strategy towards migration, and how effective is its institutional support? In the second part of the report this we will analyze the case of modern Russia using this framework. We will demonstrate that Russia clearly has • an economic case for attracting a significant volume of new human capital in order to move the country out of a period of prolonged economic stagnation; • a multi-ethnic and multi-cultural history that dates back at least to the 14th century – if not to the foundation of the early proto-Russian states; • an advantageous position in the regional “market” for human capital, despite being strongly challenged by both regional and global competitors At the same time, Russia currently lacks an informed strategic policy on the issue, which results in a dearth of official institutes of integration. The vacuum is filled with informal institutes. These can be effective in the short-term, but they might pose a challenge to the longer-term goal of creating integrated diversity. Given the growing regional and international competition for human capital, these challenges may result in Russia missing a historic window of opportunity to boost its socio-economic development.

Evaluation and Empirical Analysis of Human Capital Competence

The competitiveness of human capital is an important part of the overall strength of a country or region. Promoting the development and accumulation of human resources is becoming a necessary means to enhance competitiveness in all regions. From the perspective of efficiency, this paper uses data envelopment analysis to evaluate the competitiveness of human capital in Hebei province in China.

THE ROLE OF SOCIALIZATION OF HUMAN CAPITAL DEVELOPMENT IN GLOBAL COMPETITION CONDITIONS

The article deals with the issues of socialization of human capital development. The emphasis is placed on the fact that modern globalization puts forward new demands on the person from the point of view of its educational level, acquired competences, mobility, since the "human factor" is a key element of a new model of post-industrial development. Accents are shifted from "economic rights" to "social rights". In the conditions of globalization of national economies, the key factor in the economic growth of any country is the formation of a highly developed and competitive human capital. Unlike other types of resources, human creative abilities are the core of the innovative potential of the individual and are inexhaustible in nature. The problem under investigation is particularly popular for Ukraine in view of the current geopolitical and socio-economic transformation. In the article the modern specificity of development of human capital in the conditions of economic socialization and under the influence of global tendencies is considered. The main quantitative indicators of human capital development, changes in the structure of employment, the level of state support of the educational sphere and scientific researches are analyzed, and their trend models are constructed. The place of Ukraine according to the indicator of human development index among other countries of the world is determined. The SWOT analysis of the educational system of Ukraine is provided, which gives an opportunity to assess the existing situation and the prospects for its improvement. The mechanism of the influence of socialization on the formation of qualitative human capital is formed and graphically reflected. The basic problems of reproduction of human capital are determined and a set of measures aimed at increasing the efficiency of its use and development is proposed, among which: development of an innovative model of the state policy of development of human capital; involvement of the private sector in the process of investing in human development; optimization of the mechanism of distribution of public funds allocated to education; increasing the accessibility and adaptation of educational services in accordance with market requirements; the inclusion in international programs of quality assessment and competitiveness of human capital, etc.

Problems of human capital competitiveness maintanance in Ukraine

In the article the negative trends in science and technology that led to the fall of Ukraine in the international rankings are exposed. According to the Global Competitiveness Index, Ukraine takes last place among the EU countries, ahead of only Greece. The article aims to address the challenges of human capital and determine the prerequisites to ensure its competitiveness. The study shows the lowest rate of human capital operational efficiency in Ukraine, which certainly stands as an argument for the potential for increasing productivity, and with it – increasing incomes. However, the economy actually does not posses a system of technology commercialization, which results in extremely low productivity of innovation.The processes of capital formation in the economy are extremely weak due to the fact that business and society as a whole first live mostly present day and think more about the current welfare (consumption) than the long-term prospects. Toward the transition to high-tech basis for economic development that characterized the best conditions of formation and use of human capital, an innovative strategy of «increasing» can be quite efficient which supposes implementing radical innovations in the industrial and social spheres, through the development of its own scientific and technical potential, use of modern information technologies, expanding domestic consumption market of innovative products and services.