Housewives Research Articles

A Study of Gender Representation in English and Urdu Newspapers in Pakistan: A Critical Discourse Analysis

The present study is concerned with the stereotypical representation of gender in print media of Pakistani newspapers, in English and Urdu. The study specifically focused on discourse analysis critically for aspects of sexism and gender representation. The analysis of the selected texts from both English and Urdu newspapers was done in the light of three-dimensional model presented by Fairclough (1989) and the images were analyzed with objectification theory by Fredrickson and Roberts (1997). The analysis shows gender representation in these newspapers was deep-rooted in their ideological positioning determined by the typical social ideology. The analysis showed that women in Urdu newspaper are represented as objects in provocative manner. They are represented mostly in their stereotypical role like house wives and pieces of enjoyment for men. The English newspaper on the other hand, showed them more in their professional role though with some cultural tags as well.

Presenting features of locally advanced breast cancer : a crosssectional study

Worldwide, breast cancer is the most frequently diagnosed life-threatening cancer in women. This cross sectional study was done to assess the presenting features of locally advanced breast cancer. The mean age was 42.6 years with standard deviation 9.56, 86% were house wife, 53.5% were illiterate, 16% were postmenopausal and 75.8% had BMI of 20Kg/m2. Ninety one point five percent had menarche at or above 12 years of age and 26.6 % had history of using hormonal contraceptives. Tobacco user and positive family history were found in 21.2% and 5.35% of the cases. 84% were presented with only lump and 16% with both lump and ulceration. Right breast was involved in 51.1%. About 37% cases presented on 3rd month of their symptoms. Around 71.2% patients presented with lump >5cm in diameter, axillary lymph nodes were palpable in 81% and fixed in 31% of patients. Around Sixty three percent of patients were in stage IIIA. Still a large fraction of patients present with advanced stage with varied presentation, sometimes surgeons face difficulties to offer the treatment. Proper awareness, early presentation and early detection give them the opportunity to receive the best treatment. BSMMU J 2021; 14(4): 148-151

The Impacts of Face Mask on Elderly People in Dhaka City

In this Explanation, we discuss influence of face masks on older people in Dhaka city. In this research were 222 respondents and ages of the participants are 60 plus age. This study established among 100% respondents were 16.7% Businessman, 20. 7% job holder, 22.1% retired person, 24.3% house wife and other occupation were 16.2%. For finding other problems of respondents were 9% has respiratory disease, 36% were hypertension, 5% were low blood pressure, and 16.2% had diabetics. In this research, we discover that physiologic effects with possible to control disease (e.g. Covid-19, air pollution, droplet infection disease, etc.) during wearing masks for prolonged periods of time, including special considerations, such as mask wearing among those who engage in job, another service, activity of daily living, exercise and concerns for individuals with pre-existing chronic diseases (e.g. Breathing difficulties, Irritability, Dizziness). This research here 28% face some problems, including 8.6% breathing difficulties, 4.0% irritability, 5.9% dizziness, 4.5% nausea or vomiting, and 5% other problems during wearing face masks. In hygienic people, a mask didn't seem to reason any detrimental physiological changes, and the probably life-protecting advantages of using face masks appear to outweigh the presented problems.

CLINICAL AND SOCIO-DEMOGRAPHIC PROFILE OF PATIENTS PRESENTING WITH POST-PARTUM PSYCHIATRIC DISORDERS - A HOSPITAL BASED STUDY

Introduction: In the critical postpartum period the mother and her infant are the most vulnerable to both physical and emotional problems. Aims & objectives: To study the socio-demographic prole of women diagnosed with postpartum psychiatric conditions. Results: Ninety-eight (98) patients were involved in this study. Conclusions: Postpartum psychiatric disorders seem to occur more commonly in younger mothers, especially belonging to the third decade of life, unemployed women (house wives), women belonging to joint and extended nuclear families or having lower educational status and less social support.

A Cross-sectional Study on the Development of Diabetic Cardiovascular Complications in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in a South Indian Tertiary Care Hospital

Background: Diabetic cardiovascular complication is a familiar macrovascular complication of Type 2 Diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the major cause of morbidity and mortality for people with diabetes.
 Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the parameters related to diabetic cardiovascular complication in patients with T2DM.
 Methodology: This study was conducted on 530 subjects (171 with or 359 without diabetic cardiovascular complication). Prevalence of diabetic cardiovascular complication was measured, risk factors for diabetic cardiovascular complications, and drug utilization pattern was assessed.
 Results: Cardiovascular complication was significantly higher in the subjects who are poorly educated, nature of work (house wives) and risk factors were pre-existing conditions (Hypertension, Cardiac, endocrine and other diseases), habit of smoking (past smoker), tea/coffee (twice without sugar), poor glycemic control, elevated triglyceride levels, elevated creatinine levels, duration of diabetes (5-10 years; >10 years).
 Conclusion: Combination of Glimepiride and Metformin (35.10%), Metformin (34.04%), combination of insulin isophane and insulin regular (23.40%), Insulin Regular (11.70%) were the anti-diabetic drugs widely prescribed to the T2DM patients with cardiovascular complications. Significant risk factors for development of diabetic cardiovascular complication were multiple.

Using Zoom Meeting as Learning Medium on Speaking Online Class

This study was conducted to the problem of using Zoom Meeting as learning medium. This research used descriptive qualitative research design. The population of this research was student of DELTA Education Center. The sample of this research was the student of Speaking Online Class. The research instrument was interview and documentation. The result of the analysis showed Learning English through 1) E-Learning during the Covid-19 pandemic; some of them stated that learning English while at home is quite good even it needs more time to do online. 2) The lesson which is given by PPT, so the students need to prepare it first. They used to study with book, due to pandemic, so they use PPT for their handbook in learning activity. 3) The students need more time to get signal. Because every place has own signal fo having the class. Sometimes they get sufficient signal, suddenly they lose the signal. In the contrary, they lose the signal, but for several minutes they get the signal. 4) The students are from house wives, so they need specific time to study English. It is about 4-5 p.m. every day. 5) The students need to create email, because the learning activity is online. Might as well, they must create email account. 6) To join zoom meeting needs an hour to log in, because they need to connect the signal and waiting from the host.
 Keywords: Zoom Meeting, Learning Medium, and Speaking Skill.

Sodium Valproate versus Amitriptyline in the Prophylactic Treatment of Migraine

Background: Drug prophylaxis of migraine is a safe and effective way of reducing the attack of headache frequency and the economic burden of migraine. Several drugs have been shown to be efficacious in double-blind placebo-controlled trials. Many patients avoid the regular intake of prophylactic drugs because of fear about the side effects, tolerance and addiction. Another reason for the low acceptance of migraine prophylaxis is that the efficacy of most drugs is limited and the burden of treatment cost. In this study two effective drugs, Amitriptyline and Sodium valproate are evaluated regarding their safety and efficacy. This study shows the comparative effectiveness, safety of both drugs and withdraw all the misconception about the prophylactic treatment of migraine among the patients and improve their life style adjustment and reduce the economic burden of the society.
 Objective: The purpose of the present study was to observe and compare the efficacy of Sodium Valproate and Amitriptyline in the prophylactic management of migraine patients.
 Methodology: This experimental study was carried out in the Department of Neurology at Sir Salimullah Medical College & Mitford Hospital, Dhaka, Bangladesh during the period from January 2013 to December 2013. A total of 120 patients with migraine were selected of which 60 were treated with Amitriptyline (Group-A) and another 60 were treated with Sodium Volproate (Group-B). Both groups were observed for 6 months and the improvement of headache regarding frequency, severity and duration of episodes of headache was recorded in every 2 months follow up. Adverse effect of the drugs also monitored in both group.
 Result: Out of 120 patients the mean age was 32±8.64years and 34.23±8.09 in group-A and group-B respectively (p=0.147). There were 23 (38.3%) male and 37 (61.7%) female in group-A; whereas 17 (28.3%) male and 43 (71.7%) female in group-B (p=0.245). Thus the study was an age and sex matched study. It was observed that one third 20(33.3%) patients were house wife’s in group-A and 24(40.0%) in group-B. The difference was not statistically significant (p>0.05) between two groups. Frequency of attack per month before treatment was 6.25±5.21 in group-A and 7.80±4.1 in group-B. Frequency of attack per month after 2 months treatment was 4.30±4.14 and 6.19±4.10 in group-A and group-B respectively. Frequency of attack per month after 4 months treatment was 3.78±2.53 in group-A and 4.89±2.83 in group-B. Frequency of attack per month after 6 months treatment was 1.70±1.42 in group-A and 3.1±1.98 in group-B. Frequency of attack per month after 2, 4 and 6 months treatment was statistically significant (p<0.05) between two groups. It was observed that majority (88.3%) patients were improved headache in group-A and 23(38.3%) in group-B. The difference was statistically significant (p<0.05) between two groups.
 Conclusion: The pain intensity score is significantly decline in patients who received amitriptyline after treatment and almost similar in patients who received sodium valproate. Improved headache most of the patients who received Amitriptyline and less adverse effects developed in this group. Amitriptyline is more effective, seems to be safer than Sodium Valproate.
 Journal of National Institute of Neurosciences Bangladesh, July 2021, Vol. 7, No. 2, pp. 126-131

Prevalence of post-partum anemia and associated factors among women attending public primary health care facilities: An institutional based cross-sectional study.

BackgroundSevere post-partum anemia is an important cause of maternal deaths and severe morbidity in sub-Saharan Africa. In Tanzania, little information is available to guide health care professionals in ensuring good health of women after delivery. The objective of our study was to determine the prevalence of post-partum anemia and associated factors among women attending public primary health care facilities.Materials and methodsAn institutional based cross sectional study was carried out. Women in post-partum period (the period from child birth to six weeks after delivery) attending the public primary health care facilities from October to December 2019 for children vaccination were recruited. The prick method was used to obtain blood for haemoglobin estimation. Post-partum anemia was defined as a haemoglobin level of less than 11g/dl. Participants found anaemic were asked to undertake malaria and helminths parasites tests from blood and stool samples respectively. The samples were examined by an experienced laboratory scientist on study sites according to the Tanzania national standard for medical laboratories protocols.ResultsA total of 424 women were enrolled with mean age of 27.8 years (SD 5.93). Most of the participants 234(55.2%) had primary education and nearly half 198(46.7%) of them were house wives. The overall prevalence of post-partum anemia was 145(34.2%). Among the anaemic participants, 34(23.5%) had positive blood slide for malaria parasite while 15(10.3%) had positive test for stool helminths infection. Delivery by vaginal route and low parity were protective against post-partum anemia (p<0.001).Other factors that were associated with post-partum anemia included absence of a marital partner (p<0.001) and inter pregnancy interval of less than two years (p<0.001). The risk of post-partum anemia in women with less than two years interval between their last two pregnancies was about 18 times more as compared to women with more than two years interval between their last two pregnancies, (COR = 18; 95% CI 8.617–38.617).Women without marital partners were 10 times more likely to get anemia as compared to married women, (COR = 10; 01.910–54.935).ConclusionsThe prevalence of anaemia among post-partum women found in this study points to a situation of public health problem according to WHO cut-off values for the public health significance of anaemia. Inter pregnancy interval of less than two years and absence of a marital partner were associated with post-partum anemia while delivery by vaginal route and low parity were protective against post-partum anemia. Strategies should therefore be put in place to encourage thorough health education and promotion programs among both pregnant and post-partum women.

Effect of Lifestyle Pattern and Cultural Practices on Vitamin D Status of Muslim Women in Coimbatore City

Muslim women follow unique lifestyle pattern influenced by cultural practices. Studies in Middle East countries showed high rate of vitamin D deficiency among Muslim women1. Hence, the present study aims to find the effect of lifestyle pattern and cultural practices on vitamin D status of Muslim women. Two hundred Muslim women between the age of 25 to 45 years were selected in Coimbatore city. Details regarding education, occupation, cultural dress, sunlight exposure, sunscreen usage and physical activity patterns were collected using a designed interview schedule. Clinical examination was conducted for signs and symptoms of vitamin D and calcium deficiency. Nineteen per cent of the women were between 25-30 years, 44 per cent were between 31-40 years and 37 per cent were between 41-45 years of age. Eighty eight per cent were house wives and 91.5 per cent of them wore cultural dress, among which 59 percentage wore chaddar in black colour. Sunlight exposure was less than 30 mins in 39.5 percentage of women. Seventy five per cent of them did not exercise. Back pain, bone loss, body pain and hair loss were prominent symptoms among the women. There was a significant association (P = 0.008) between sunlight exposure, type and colour of the cultural dress, back pain, pain in bone and bone loss. Hence, it may be concluded that exposure to sunlight at home may be recommended to improve vitamin D status of Muslim women.

Effect of mother contact and voluntary colostrum suckling on growth, health and stress of neonatal buffalo calves

The aim of present study was to investigate the effect of full mother contact and voluntary colostrum suckling on the health, stress and growth performance of neonatal Murrah buffalo calves. For this, two experiments (exp.) were conducted involving exp.1, 24 mother-calf pairs were divided into three equal groups (eight pairs/each group). In no mother contact (NC) group, weaning was allowed immediately after birth. In restricted mother contact (RC) group, restricted contact was allowed twice daily. In fence-line mother contact (FC) group, calves were in full-time mother contact from birth to day (d) 5 and allowed voluntary colostrum suckling and thereafter fence-line contact. In exp.2, another 24 mother-calf pairs were selected and divided into two groups (12 pairs in each group), with the same conditions as the RC and FC groups in exp.1. Average daily gain, total protein and total Ig concentrations differed between different groups in both experiments. Cortisol levels were lower in FC followed by RC and lowest in NC calves, and similar results were observed in exp.2. It was concluded that the provision of full mother contact along with free choice colostrum suckling from birth to 5 days followed by fenceline mother contact and twice daily suckling at milking time abated the separation and weaning stress and remarkably improved the growth, immune status and health of Murrah buffalo calves as compared to the calves which were allowed only limited contact twice daily or the calves which were weaned at birth.

Comparative efficacy of topical applications of ivermectin 1% and permethrin 5% for the treatment of scabies.

Objective: To determine the efficacy of 1% Ivermectin and 5% Permethrine in clinically positive cases of scabies after overnight topical applications of each drug. Study Design: Randomized Comparative study. Setting: OPD of the Department of Dermatology, THQ Hospital Kabirwala, Punjab, Pakistan. Period: 1st January to 31st March 2020. Material &amp; Method: A total of 276 patients of either sex with typical signs of scabies (papules, nodules, vesicles, classical burrows and nocturnal pruritus) were selected and were randomly divided into two groups A and B, with 138 patients in each group. Patients of Group A were supplied Ivermectin 1% lotion and patients of group B were supplied Permethrin 5% lotion for topical application at night all over the body except face and this treatment was repeated after 7 days. After the 4-week post-treatment follow-up period, data for 185 patients (Group A=89, Group B=96) were analyzed statistically for comparative efficacy of each drug by applying Chi-square test statistics. Results: Demographic information showed that higher (P&lt;0.05) occurrence of the disease (44.9%) was observed in patients between 21-30 years of age. Difference between patients belonging to the urban/rural area (105/80), lower/middle class (104/81), gender (Male/Female) 87/98, marital status (married/un-married) 129/56 was significant (P&lt;0.05). Moreover, among the patients of various occupations, highest frequency (34.6%) was observed in house wives and the lowest (10.8%) was in laborers (P&lt;0.05). Highest number of patients (33%) reported 15-30 days after they first noted signs of disease, while lowest number (9.7%) reported the problem &gt;30 days after appearance of the disease (P&lt;0.05). Difference between patients sh owing moderate/severe signs of scabies (88/97), history of close-contact/no-contact (65/120), showing high night-itch/no-itch (180/5), have signs of burrows with jet trail/no burrows (130/55) were significant (P&lt;0.05), and 62.7% patients had less than 10 lesions. Cure rate reco.rded at 8th day, was 66.3 and 70.8% for Ivermectin and Permethrin, respectively, difference was non-significant. At day 14, 21 and at day 28, cure rate in patients treated with Ivermectin 1% was 85.4, 94.4 and 94.9%, respectively, and for patients treated with Permethrine 5% was 86.5, 99.0 and 99.3%, respectively, differences were non-significant. However, both of the treatments resulted in significantly (P&lt;0.01) increased cure rate after day-8 to day-28th, being 66.3 to 94.4% and 70.8 to 99.3%, respectively. Both therapies resulted (P&lt;0.05) recovery within 8 to 21 days after treatment from severity of signs, having contact history, presence of night itch, number of burrows/jet with trail and number of lesions, while difference between the therapies was non-significant. Conclusion: Topical application of Ivermectin (1%) and Permethrine (5%) lotion was equally effective by curing the patients having moderate to severe signs of scabies when applied twice at 7 days interval, and results in significant (P&lt;0.01) increase in cure rate at 4th week.

A Prospective Study to Find Out the Association between Supine Lying Low Back Pain and Retrolisthesis

Objectives: The objectives of this study was to test the primary hypothesis that “retrolisthesis causes supine lying low back pain (LBP).” Methods: Patients with history of chronic back pain (&gt;12 weeks) who presented to the hospital outpatient department were evaluated. Patients with history of supine lying exaggeration of symptoms were specifically asked for duration, for which they can comfortably lie in supine position. Retrolisthesis in this study was measured on MRI mid sagittal image by measuring the slip percent. Slip percent of more than 8% was labeled as retrolisthesis. Statistical analysis was done using SPSS software. Results: Average age of the study population was 41.46 ± 10.82 years. All the study participants had the history of supine lying LBP for 50 ± 54.51 weeks. About 94.78% (n = 115) of the study subjects had retrolisthesis on MRI. About 46.08% (n = 115) were house wives. L5-S1 was the most commonly involved level, three patients had no instability, and three patients had anterolisthesis. Duration of time up to which the patients can lie down in supine position was not statistically significant when analyzed with the VAS values for supine lying LBP and the slip percent. Conclusion: The presence of supine lying LBP in an individual should be strongly considered for the underlying subtle instability at the lumbar intervertebral segments and diagnostic evaluation should be performed to rule out retrolisthesis. Keywords: Retrolisthesis, Low back pain, supine lying, Lumbar instability, Vertebral slippage, Lateral stenosis, Dynamic radiograph.

Prevalence of pulmonary tuberculosis and associated factors among adults living with HIV/AIDS attending public hospitals in Shashamene Town, Oromia Region, South Ethiopia.

Objective:This study was aimed to assess the prevalence of pulmonary tuberculosis and its associated factors among adults living with HIV/AIDS attending Public Hospitals, Shashamene Town, Oromia Region, South Ethiopia.Methods:A cross-sectional study was conducted from November 2020 to February 2021 among Adults Living with HIV/AIDS attending Public Hospitals in Shashamene Town, Oromia Region, South Ethiopia. A sputum sample was collected and analyzed using Xpert MTB/RIF assay and blood sample was collected to count CD4 using BD FACSPresto analyzer. Semi-structured questionnaires were used to collect data. SPSS version 25 software was used for statistical analysis and a p value of <0.05 was considered as statistically significant.Results:In this study, the overall prevalence of pulmonary tuberculosis among adults living with HIV/AIDS attending the Public Hospitals was 23.5% (5% confidence interval: 18.26, 29.13). Variables such as age range of 50–64 years, female gender, occupation with house wife, and World Health Organization stage (III and IV) were significantly associated with prevalence of tuberculosis infection.Conclusion:The prevalence of tuberculosis in our study site was high. There is a need for regular screening of people living with HIV/AIDS for TB using highly sensitive method like Xpert MTB/RIF assay to know their TB status as well as early commencement of anti-TB.

Knowledge of Saudi type 2 diabetic patients about diabetic peripheral neuropathy and its risk factors in Abha City, Saudi Arabia

Objectives: To assess the level of knowledge about diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN) and its risk factors among diabetics in Abha City, Saudi Arabia. Subjects and Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted from March to July 2022 in primary health care (PHC) centers, Abha City, Saudi Arabia. Data were collected using an Arabic Language interview questionnaire, which included patients’ demographics, to awareness and knowledge items about DPN and its risk factors in addition to screening for neuropathic symptoms of DPN using the history part of the validated Michigan Neuropathy Screening Instrument (MNSI). Results: This study included 300 type 2 diabetic patients. Age of 74.7% of participants was (41-60 years). Males constituted 56.7%. The largest proportion of patients were house wives or unemployed (41.3%). More than half of the participants were school –educated (59.7%), while 18.7% were university educated. Almost half of participants (46.6%) reported disease duration between 6-9 years, while for that of 29.2% it was 2-5 years, and for 24.3% was 10 years or more. HbA1c was &lt;7% in 46% of participants. Only 18.3% of participants were awareof DPN. Two-thirds of participants had poor knowledge level about DPN. The most frequently experienced neuropathic symptoms were feeling weak all over most of the time (62.7%), having an open foot sore (59.7%), having muscle lower limb cramps (48.7%) and experiencing burning lower limb pain (45.7%). Prevalence of DPN according to the history part of the MNSI was 9.3% of type 2 diabetic patients had DPN. Participants’ knowledge levels were significantly higher among those with DPN (p=0.045). However, their knowledge levels did not differ significantly according to their personal or clinical characteristics. Conclusions: Most type 2 diabetic patients in Abha City have poor knowledge about DPN and its risk factors. However, prevalence of DPN among them is relatively low. Key words: Diabetes mellitus, diabetic peripheral neuropathy, knowledge, Saudi Arabia.

Student Core Competence and Evaluation under Engineering Education Certification System

The purpose of this study is to explore the impact of engineering education certification on students' core competence, and to understand the current way of evaluating students' core competence in domestic universities, to implement the quality assurance mechanism of students' learning effectiveness, and to provide reference for domestic output-oriented engineering education certification. Finally, some useful suggestions are put forward for the current plight and future research of continuous improvement of certification specialty.

КОНТУРЫ ОБНОВЛЕНИЯ ТЕХНОЛОГИЧЕСКОЙ СТРУКТУРЫ РОССИЙСКОЙ ЭКОНОМИКИ В СОВРЕМЕННЫХ УСЛОВИЯХ

The article clarifies the meaning of complex concepts and methods for developing strategies and programs for updating the technological structure of the Russian economy. The features of the development of domestic mechanical engineering and other types of economic activity at various stages of industrial development are considered. An assessment is given of the consequences of the adoption of certain economic policy measures for the situation in individual sectors. The dynamics of indicators of production volumes in individual branches of engineering in recent decades is analyzed. The necessity of coordinating the strategies for the development of military and civil engineering is substantiated.

Female voice and space in Fred Agbeyegbe’s The King Must Dance Naked and Woe unto Death

This paper is to examine the fictional expression of female voice and space as a powerful feminist mode of resistance against patriarchy, while examining such terms as feminism, womanism, voice and space as they relate to female expression of self-identity. Womanism is applied in the African context to explore the social cultural setting and female struggles in Fred Agbeyegbe‟s The King Must Dance Naked and Woe Unto Death. This paper addresses issues like discrimination, stereotyping, patriarchy, oppression, and sexual rights. This study will also make known the positive transformation of the woman‟s voice and space, such that women are not marginalized but are treated equally in all spheres of life. The African woman, like most women out there can be a full time house wife and also cope with her social and political lifestyle. The study concludes that the female personnel in the two plays under investigation are those who are able to disregard and rise above patriarchy in the African cultural space.

ВОССТАНОВЛЕНИЕ МАШИНОСТРОЕНИЯ КАК ФАКТОР ЭКОНОМИЧЕСКОГО РОСТА

Separate directions of the consistent restoration of the machine-building industry are considered, which implies the need for the formation and development of potential areas for the restoration of domestic engineering, concentration on the constant updating of the production base and the introduction of competitive technologies. It is shown that it is impossible to force negative trends in the production process without significant financial support for the industry, without training highly qualified workers in highly specialized vocational schools being recreated; it is important to focus close attention on the restoration of machine tool construction as the most important indicator of the industry as a whole. The conclusion is made about the need to increase the capacity of competitive engineering, achieve technological sovereignty, accelerate the transition to the production of domestic products, and, above all, in key branches of engineering.

Stressful Factors of Sustainable Development of the Russian Coal Industry

Achieving sustainable development of the coal industry is of strategic importance for ensuring national security. The purpose of the article is to identify stress factors for the sustainable development of the coal industry associated with the current objective trends in the Russian and world economies. The hypothesis of the study is the assumption that understanding the stress factors for the sustainable development of the coal industry makes it possible to form industrial policy directions to prevent the development or minimize the consequences of existing negative trends that weaken the industry's potential in the long term. The novelty of the study is expressed in the approach to the analysis of sustainable development factors, since most researchers do not separate risk factors and stress factors. When describing stress factors, the following groups were identified: financial, human, technological, political, and environmental. In the study of stress factors, a context-oriented approach was used. As a result of the study, it was revealed that the main stress factors for the sustainable development of the Russian coal industry are associated not only with the implementation of decarbonization programs for world economies, but also with a number of intra-system problems in the development of the industry. Among the latter, the problems of reducing domestic consumption of coal, increasing freight rates for rail transportation, a high degree of import dependence of coal mining against the background of a low level of innovative potential of domestic engineering, the presence of personnel problems in coal mining, etc. The Russian government's Program 2035 does not take into account a number of stress factors caused by the current trends in the development of interconnected and related industries and areas of activity. Proceeding from this, measures aimed at increasing the sustainability of the development of the coal industry are proposed. The conclusion is made about the need to identify and assess stress factors in the formation of industrial policy directions. The practical results of the study can be used to develop measures to strengthen the long-term sustainability of the coal industry and the choice of tools to respond to risks provoked by stress factors.

Проблеми та перспективи залучення інвестиційних ресурсів у машинобудівну галузь в умовах воєнного стану

The article is aimed at studying the state of Ukrainian machine-building enterprises and the peculiarities of the infusion of investment resources into their activities, also identifying problems and prospects for attracting investment resources to the industry during the Russian-Ukrainian war. Based on the analysis, systematization and generalization of the works of many domestic researchers and data from the State Statistics Service of Ukraine, the dynamics of attracting capital and foreign direct investment in Ukrainian machine-building enterprises in the period 2014–2022 was considered. As result of the study, the machine-building sectors with the greatest investment attractiveness are identified and the expediency of infusion of investment resources exclusively into them was substantiated. The main tendencies and problems of investment support for innovative development of the machine-building sector of the domestic economy are identified and characterized. It is substantiated that as a result of the aggravation of the military conflict, part of the machine-building enterprises of Ukraine has suffered significant damage, so there is an urgent need for investment resources. A general analysis of the needs of Ukrainian machine-building enterprises in investment resources was carried out and specific amounts of necessary financing were distinguished. The machine-building enterprises of Ukraine, which occupy priority positions in the industry and require the largest amount of investment resources, are allocated. Prospects for further research in this direction are the development of strategies and projects directed towards attracting foreign investment resources to the field of domestic engineering – both during the war and after its end – since the active provision of investment resources will transform the Ukrainian machine-building industry into a more innovative one, thereby contributing to the improvement of the state of the national economy of Ukraine in general.