Abstract
Background: Diabetic cardiovascular complication is a familiar macrovascular complication of Type 2 Diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the major cause of morbidity and mortality for people with diabetes.
 Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the parameters related to diabetic cardiovascular complication in patients with T2DM.
 Methodology: This study was conducted on 530 subjects (171 with or 359 without diabetic cardiovascular complication). Prevalence of diabetic cardiovascular complication was measured, risk factors for diabetic cardiovascular complications, and drug utilization pattern was assessed.
 Results: Cardiovascular complication was significantly higher in the subjects who are poorly educated, nature of work (house wives) and risk factors were pre-existing conditions (Hypertension, Cardiac, endocrine and other diseases), habit of smoking (past smoker), tea/coffee (twice without sugar), poor glycemic control, elevated triglyceride levels, elevated creatinine levels, duration of diabetes (5-10 years; >10 years).
 Conclusion: Combination of Glimepiride and Metformin (35.10%), Metformin (34.04%), combination of insulin isophane and insulin regular (23.40%), Insulin Regular (11.70%) were the anti-diabetic drugs widely prescribed to the T2DM patients with cardiovascular complications. Significant risk factors for development of diabetic cardiovascular complication were multiple.
Highlights
The incidence of diabetes mellitus (DM) is rapidly rising worldwide
Combination of Glimepiride and Metformin (35.10%), Metformin (34.04%), combination of insulin isophane and insulin regular (23.40%), Insulin Regular (11.70%) were the anti-diabetic drugs mostly given to the T2DM patients with cardiovascular complications
The results suggested that subjects who have poor educational qualification, nature of work and with co-morbidities (Hypertension, Cardiac, endocrine and other diseases), habit of smoking, tea/coffee, poor glycemic control, elevated triglyceride levels, elevated creatinine levels, duration of diabetes are the major risk factors for the development of cardiovascular complication
Summary
The incidence of diabetes mellitus (DM) is rapidly rising worldwide. The overall burden of DM has increased from 30 million in 1985 to 382 million in 2014 [1]. Patients with type 2 diabetes are at increased risk of cardiovascular diseases and associated clinical complications [3]. In a nationwide database survey in primary care, the prevalence of CVD in patients with type 2 diabetes was high (21.4%) [4]. The common conditions coexisting with type 2 diabetes (e.g., hypertension and dyslipidemia) are evident risk factors for CVD. Diabetic cardiovascular complication is a familiar macrovascular complication of Type 2 Diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the parameters related to diabetic cardiovascular complication in patients with T2DM. Results: Cardiovascular complication was significantly higher in the subjects who are poorly educated, nature of work (house wives) and risk factors were pre-existing conditions (Hypertension, Pingili et al.; JPRI, 34(8A): 19-32, 2022; Article no.JPRI.83048
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