Horizontal And Vertical Research Articles

Synthesis and Anisotropic Memristive Behavior of Borophene Nanosheets.

Neuromorphic computing, marked by its parallel computational abilities and low power usage, has become pivotal in advancing artificial intelligence. However, the advancement of neuromorphic computing has faced significant obstacles due to the performance limitations of traditional memory devices struggling with high power consumption and limited reliability. Two-dimensional (2D) materials have been extensively investigated as high-performance memristive materials, but they are often restricted by fixed memristive properties, which complicate circuit design and limit flexibility. Here, we report that multilayer borophene nanosheets represent a breakthrough material, displaying anisotropic variable memristive properties. The nanosheets, comprising semiconductor α'-4H-borophene sheets and metal β12-borophene sheets, have been synthesized on aluminum foil surface through chemical vapor deposition (CVD) method. The multilayer borophene nanosheets exhibit volatile memory behavior in the vertical direction and non-volatile memory behavior in the planar direction. This innovative class of 2D nanosheets not only overcomes the limitations of conventional memory devices but also expands the potential applications of borophene-based memories in information storage and in-memory computing.

Establishment of an Animal Model of Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma Invading the Mandible.

To establish an animal model of oral squamous cell carcinoma invading the mandible through multi-sample experiments that verified the stability, repeatability, tumorigenicity and mandible destruction rate of the model. Oral squamous cell carcinoma cell suspension was injected into the outer side of the mandible through the anterior edge of the masseter muscle of naked mice to observe the tumourforming process. Then, the anatomical, histological and imaging examinations were carried out to determine whether the tumour had invaded the mandible. By comparing the tumour growth of multiple groups of various squamous cell carcinoma cells (CAL27, HN6 and HN30 cells), the changes in body weight and characteristics of tumour formation were compared, and the experience was summarised to further verify the stability, repeatability, tumour formation rate and arch damage rate of the model. The subsequent specimens of tumour-bearing nude mice were validated once the model had been established. In vitro, tumour tissue wrapped around the mandible's tumour-bearing side, and the local texture was tough with no resistance to acupuncture. Haematoxylin and eosin staining revealed that squamous cells were infiltrating the mandible in both the horizontal and sagittal planes. Microcomputed tomography results showed that the mandible on the tumour-bearing side displayed obvious erosion damage. Cell lines with various passage rates clearly had diverse tumour-bearing life cycles. This study successfully established an animal model of oral squamous cell carcinoma invasion of the mandible. The model has excellent biological stability, repeatability, tumorigenesis rate and mandible destruction rate.

Method for defining the horizontal plane in fluoroscopic kinematic analysis

PurposeIn vivo kinematics of skeletal joints and prostheses is affected by gravity; therefore, absolute tilt must be taken into account. However, current fluoroscopic kinematic analysis cannot measure the tilt. This study introduces and validates a method for defining the horizontal plane in fluoroscopy systems to measure the tilt of an object. MethodsA rectangular metal plate (200 ​× ​200 ​× ​10 ​mm) with a flatness of 0.03/100 ​mm was horizontally adjusted using a leveler (sensitivity of 0.02° and accuracy of ±0.06°), and its three-dimensional coordinate was calculated from a two-dimensional fluoroscopic image. A coordinate calculation formula was developed, with precision and accuracy assessed via computer simulations. Actual fluoroscopic tests included four aspects: accuracy under the same condition; accuracy under different X-ray tube height; reproducibility when changing X-ray tube height; and reproducibility when the flat panel was tilted and returned. ResultsThe theoretical measurement error indicated by the computer simulations was 0.0 ​± ​0.2° on the xy-plane and 0.0 ​± ​0.0° on the yz-plane. The actual experimental results showed that the horizontal plane tilt was measured to be −0.2 ​± ​0.1° tilt on the xy-plane and 0.3 ​± ​0.0° tilt on the yz-plane for the device used in this study. The F-test showed no significant differences between the computer simulations and the actual experiments. There were no significant differences between the four actual tests. ConclusionsThis method enables the horizontal plane to be defined and the tilt of an object to be measured in fluoroscopic kinematic analysis.

Fuel mixing and diffusion behind the unswept ramp injector with lobed nozzle at combustor of scramjet engine

-The use of 2-lobe nozzle for efficient fuel mixing behind the ramp injector nozzle is comprehensively investigated in this article. Computational fluid dynamic is applied for the evaluation of the three-dimensional flow behind the strut with annular 2-lobe nozzle at supersonic combustion chamber. In this work, the Mach number of free steam air flow and fuel jet are 2 and 1, respectively. The usage of internal air jet for the fuel mixing improvement is also analysed to disclose the critical features which improve the fuel diffusion in the combustor. The Mach contour on the horizontal and vertical planes in both injection model is compared to show how induced vortex pair is created and extended behind the strut. The result of computational study shows that the injection of the air jet increases the number of vortex pairs behind the strut and the interaction of the fuel with air jet is increased. However, the circulation strength is decreased by inner air jet. Use of inner jet enhances the fuel mixing more than two times behind the nozzle. Our findings show that the fuel mixing is heightened downstream of strut by coupling inner air jet with annular fuel jet.

Comparison of 1- and 3-piece directly 3-dimensional printed indirect bonding trays: An in vitro study

This study aimed to compare the transfer accuracy of indirect bonding trays of different thicknesses and numbers of pieces. Digital indirect bonding was performed on 56 printed resin models, divided into 4 groups with 14 models in each: 1-mm 1-piece tray (OPT), 2-mm OPT, 1-mm 3-piece tray (TPT), and 2-mm TPT. The trays were designed using Appliance Designer (3Shape A/S, Copenhagen, Denmark). Angular (torque, tip, or angulation) and linear (mesiodistal, buccolingual, occlusogingival, or vertical) differences were compared by using open-source GOM Inspect software (GOM GmbH, Braunschweig, Germany). In the buccolingual direction, the 1-mm TPT (0.180 ± 0.041 mm) was significantly more accurate than the 1-mm OPT (0.240 ± 0.032 mm). In the vertical direction, significant differences were seen between the 1-mm and 2-mm OPTs (1-mm OPT: 0.220 ± 0.043 mm; 2-mm OPT: 0.428 ± 0.143 mm; P= 0.003) and between the 1-mm and 2-mm TPTs (1-mm TPT: 0.210 ± 0.072 mm; 2-mm TPT: 0.340 ± 0.062 mm; P= 0.004) in the total region. In the tip angle, significant differences were seen between the 1-mm and 2-mm OPTs and between the 1-mm OPT and TPT. In the torque angle, a significant difference was seen between the 1-mm TPT (2.815°±0.350°)and 2-mmTPT (2.368° ± 0.245°; P= 0.017). Both the thickness and the splitting of the trays impacted the bracket bonding accuracy. The 1-mm trays were more accurate than the 2-mm trays. Despite a few statistically significant differences between the 1-mm OPT and TPT, the 1-mm OPT was recommended for clinical use, considering the designing and placing of the trays.

Anisotropic microstructure and tensile property of laser powder bed fusion fabricated Al–Mn–Mg–Sc–Zr alloy built at different layer thickness

Laser powder bed fusion (LPBF) fabricated Al-Mn-Mg-Sc-Zr alloy generally possesses a bi-modal microstructure of columnar grains and equiaxed grains. Such an anisotropic microstructure would introduce varied tensile performance in different orientations. To date, few study on the microstructure and tensile property anisotropy have been reported for LPBF fabricated Al-Mn-Mg-Sc-Zr alloys built at different layer thicknesses, which limits the exploration in mechanical property optimization. In this work, the microstructure anisotropy and room-temperature tensile properties of LPBF produced and peak-aged Al-Mn-Mg-Sc-Zr alloys built at 30 and 60 μm layer thicknesses were systematically investigated by scanning electron microscope, transmission electron microscope, and tensile testing. A higher layer thickness of 60 μm resulted in coarser grains with the precipitates size remained similarly compared to the 30 μm specimens. This led to a reduced yield strength in 60 μm specimens (492 - 509 MPa) comparing to those in 30 μm specimens at 502 MPa - 510 MPa. In addition, the existence of columnar grains within melt pools contributed to a larger effective slip length in the vertical direction than that in the horizontal orientation. Such difference in effective slip length in the loading direction contributed to a lower strength in vertical orientations. For ductility, the slightly higher defect level in 60 μm specimens (0.58%) resulted in reduced elongations of 3% - 6% compared to those of 30 μm specimens (0.10%). The ductility anisotropy was attributed to the preferential distribution of gas pores and keyhole defects at melt pool boundaries.

Recurrence quantification analysis of uterine vectormyometriogram reveals differences between normal-weight and overweight parturient women

Objective.This study aims to use recurrence quantification analysis (RQA) of uterine vectormyometriogram (VMG) created from the slow wave (SW) and high wave (HW) bands of electrohysterogram (EHG) signals and assess the directionality of the EHG activity (horizontal orX, vertical orY) in normal-weight (NW) and overweight (OW) women during the first stage of labor.Approach. The study involved 41 parturient women (NW = 21 and OW = 20) during the first stage of labor, all of whom were attended at the Gynecology and Obstetrics Hospital of the Maternal and Child Institute of the State of Mexico in Toluca, Mexico. Twenty-minute EHG signals were analyzed in horizontal and vertical directions. Linear and nonlinear indices such as dominant frequency (Dom), Sample Entropy (SampEn), and RQA measures of VMG were computed for SW and HW bands.Main results. Significant differences in SampEn and Dom were observed in the SW band between NW and OW in bothXandYdirections, indicating more regular dynamics of electrical uterine activity and a higher Dom in NW parturient women compared to OW women. Additionally, the RQA indices calculated from the VMG of SW were consistent and revealed that NW women exhibit more regular dynamics compared to OW women.Significance. The study demonstrates that RQA of VMG signals and EHG directionality differentiate uterine activity between NW and OW women during the first stage of labor. These findings suggest that the uterine vector may become more periodic, predictable, and stable in NW women compared to OW women. This highlights the importance of tailored clinical strategies for managing labor in OW women to improve maternal and infant outcomes.

Outburst flood events since the last glacial maximum in the Hutiao Gorge of Jinsha River: Geomorphological evidence from eddy gravel bars

Breaching of natural dams in the Hutiao Gorge of the Jinsha River across the Yulong-Haba Mountains is one of the major geomorphological events in the largest river of Asia. Catastrophic flood events have an important influence on the geomorphological evolution of the First Bend of the Yangtze River since the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM). However, detailed geomorphological evidence, ages, and depositional phases of outburst flooding remain unclear. In this paper, large-scale gravel bars overlying the river terraces and dammed lakes are analyzed within the Daju Basin. The macroscopic geomorphological characteristics of megaflood landforms with large thickness and uniform gravel bars are similar to those of Missoula and Altai megafloods. Morphological analysis shows that eddy gravel bars (EGBs) with rhythmic structure are characterized by a dome-shaped protrusion in the cross section and a gravel mound in the longitudinal section. Each bar with oblique, parallel and massive bedding was analyzed from the horizontal and vertical directions. Three dome-shaped bars clearly show at least three palaeoflood phases. Quartz grain surface macrotextures are mainly V-shaped pits and conchoidal fractures, which exhibits a high-energy environment during the flood. The stratigraphic sequence model of EGBs is dominated by coarse sand and fine gravel rhythmic bedding in high-energy eddy environments and suspended sand deposits in low-energy backwater environments. Such phenomenon reveals megaflood fluctuates, which is also confirmed by geochemical difference. The episode of natural dam break floods triggered by tectonic activity and glacier fluctuation was dated to 20–17 ka during the LGM. Sedimentary pattern of EGBs offers fresh insights into understanding the megaflood geomorphological characteristics of the upper Yangtze River and better identification similar high-energy palaeoflood landforms in the southeast Tibetan Plateau.

DEM study on the force chain evolution of biaxial compression of pebble bed

Li4SiO4 and Li2TiO3 are granular materials in the pebble bed of fusion reactors, and their physical parameters and mechanical properties directly affect the working status and structural design of the pebble bed. The force chain can be employed to intuitively describe the mechanical properties of the pebble bed in the particle aggregate. Based on the discrete element method, we conducted a numerical study on the evolution characteristics of the force chain of Li4SiO4 and Li2TiO3 pebble beds under biaxial compression and explored the friction coefficient and pebble bed effect of the aspect ratio on the force chain distribution. The results revealed that as the particle friction coefficient increased, the force chain tended to be isotropically distributed, indicating that the friction mechanism was more conducive to a uniform distribution of the force chain. During compression, the average coordination number of the pebble bed increased with the friction coefficient. The Li2TiO3 particles had larger gravity than the Li4SiO4 pebble bed therefore, the Li2TiO3 pebble bed accounted for more force chains in the vertical direction. When the aspect ratio of the pebble bed was less than 0.5 or greater than 2.5, the distribution of force chains exhibited strong anisotropy. Conversely, when the pebble bed aspect ratio ranged between 0.5 and 2.5, the distribution of force chains tended towards an isotropic trend. Moreover, the number of force chains in each direction varied with changes in the aspect ratio of the pebble bed, characterized by a high concentration at the edges and a lower concentration in the middle. The results can provide an in-depth understanding of the force chain distribution and evolution characteristics in the pebble bed and provide a theoretical basis for designing and analyzing tritium breeding pebble beds.

Additively manufactured Nb-Ti-Si based alloy: as-built and heat-treated conditions

This work aims to fully characterise the Nb-Ti-Si based alloy (Nb-26Ti-16Si-2.2Al-2Cr), processed by the electron-beam powder-bed-fusion in both as-built and heat-treated conditions to elucidate the microstructure-property relationships. The as-built condition has [001]-oriented columnar grains of the Nb3Si phase with the Nbss phase dispersed throughout the microstructure. The microhardness is 645.2±6.7 HV0.5, and the indentation fracture toughness shows distinct directionality: 7.7 MPa·m1/2 in the horizontal direction compared to 5.3 MPa·m1/2 in the vertical direction. Both properties are comparable to the cast version. The directionality is attributed to the underlying mechanisms such as crack bridging, arrest, and micro-crack formation. By contrast, in the heat-treated condition, the alloy exhibits a dual-phase microstructure (Nbss and Nb5Si3 phases) with near-equiaxed grain shape due to the Nb3Si phase decomposition. The fracture toughness increases to 12.1 MPa·m1/2, at the expense of a reduced microhardness of 564.4±15.0 HV0.5.

Enhancing dynamic stability of HTS maglev systems with preloading method

High temperature superconducting (HTS) bulks have strong flux pinning capabilities and are widely used in various fields. Their self-stabilizing characteristics also provide new ideas for ultra-high-speed rail transit. For HTS maglev systems, operational stability, curve negotiation and safety when subjected to external forces are very important. Due to the hysteresis effect of superconducting bulks, they do not always return to their initial positions after deviating from the levitated position in an alternative external magnetic field. In some cases, the levitation system can be destroyed. Studies have shown that preloading can enhance quasi-static levitation performance. Therefore, this paper conducts a detailed analysis of the quasi-static levitation and guidance forces of HTS bulks above a Halbach permanent magnet guideway (PMG) under conditions with and without preloading. Additionally, the dynamic responses of the HTS bulks under lateral or vertical pulsed excitations are studied, with a particular focus on the final equilibrium position offset after disturbance. The results indicate that preloading can suppress the attenuation of the levitation force, enhance the guidance performance, and raise stiffness in both lateral and vertical directions. It also effectively suppresses position deviation from disturbance and increases the maximum excitation force threshold for system instability. This study provides practical insights for HTS maglev applications.

Effects of viscous and Joule dissipation on hydromagnetic hybrid nanofluid flow over nonlinear stretching surface with Hamilton-Crosser model

Hybrid nanofluids are crucial for enhancing thermal management, efficiency, and longevity in industrial applications such as heat exchangers, automotive cooling, and advanced manufacturing. The current study primarily investigates the impact of viscous and Joule dissipation on copper-alumina hybrid nanofluid flow over a stretching surface, with a particular focus on magnetic field effects resulting in a strong Lorentz force along the vertical direction. The governing equations are non-dimensionalized using similarity transformations, resulting in coupled, highly nonlinear ordinary differential equations (ODEs). The coupled system of ODEs is solved numerically using the Shooting technique and a fourth-order Runge-Kutta scheme in MATLAB. The results are plotted graphically. The outcomes mainly indicate that at the surface, momentum intensifies with increased stretching but declines significantly under a stronger magnetic field, while reduced permeability slows down flow momentum, resulting in higher temperature elevations. The outcomes revealed that copper-alumina hybrid nanofluids with lower permeability could improve the performance of miniature industrial devices.

Unmanned aerial vehicle landing localization technology based on visual dual-channel uniqueness coding

Unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) mainly uses GPS (Global Positioning System) for positioning, but it is difficult to locate in areas where GPS signal is missing or being disturbed. Therefore, the relative positioning technology based on visual method is also widely used in UAV landing, but due to the influence of cross wind and the motion of the landing plane, the traditional visual landing sign and positioning method is prone to lose the positioning target at the end stage of the landing. Therefore, this article proposes a landing sign based on double-layer unique coding, which can realize continuous positioning in the horizontal direction and accurate positioning of large-scale changes in the vertical direction. Firstly, real-time image acquisition and image processing are carried out through the airborne camera. Based on the flight altitude and encoding extraction effect of the UAV, the red or blue channel component is extracted, and then the image is preprocessed, edge detection, line detection, coding grid extraction, etc. As long as any 5 × 5 small squares of the whole pattern can be extracted, the perspective-n-point algorithm is used to obtain the relative pose estimation between the UAV and the landing sign. Experiments show that the landing sign and recognition algorithm effectively improve the UAV landing reliability.

Prediction on the chin advancement of the twin block functional appliance in growing Chinese patients using the cephalometric markers: a retrospective study.

In spite of the widespread use of functional appliances, broad variations were applied the treatment response. The aim of this study is to investigate the pre-treatment cephalometric predictors on the chin advancement of twin-block in growing Chinese patients with class II malocclusion. After screening, 90 patients treated by twin-block were included in the study. The treatment outcome was assessed by the alterations in the distance of skeletal pogonion (Pog) to the vertical reference plane perpendicular to the Frankfurt plane (ΔPog-VRP). Moreover, ΔPog-VRP was divided by the cranial growth indicated by the Nasion to Basion changes (ΔN-Ba) to minimize the growth discrepancy among individuals (adjΔPog-VRP). Patients with ΔPog-VRP/adjΔPog-VRP above the median value were categorized into good response group (GRG/adjGRG, N = 45), while the rest were poor response group (PRG/adjPRG, N = 45). Independent t-test was used to compare the pre-treatment cephalometric measurements between GRG/adjGRG and PRG/adjPRG. Stepwise multivariate regression models were used to determine the pre-treatment cephalometric predictors for the chin advancement. Generally, there were not any significant differences between GRG/adjGRG and PRG/adjPRG regarding age, gender and cervical stage before twin-block treatment. Patients from GRG had significantly reduced cephalometric measurements in the vertical dimensions, including ∠N-Go-Me, ∠Mandibular plane-Occlusal plane (∠MP-OP) and the sum of angles (p < 0.05) in comparison to PRG. When the individual growth was taken account, similar findings were observed. The patients from adjGRG had a significantly lower ∠Sella Nasion line-MP (∠SN-MP), ∠Ar-Go-Me and ∠N-Go-Me, as well as an increased Posterior facial height (PFH)/Anterior facial height (AFH) (p < 0.05) compared with their counterparts. ∠N-Go-Me variable was the independent predictor on Pog advancement with (β = -0.26, 95% CI: -0.06 to -0.01, p = 0.01) and without (β = -0.29, 95% CI: -0.06 to -0.01, p < 0.01) adjustments on individual growth. The results of this study showed that patients with a reduced N-Go-Me angle are more likely to experience a greater chin advancement following twin-block treatment.

CC-De-YOLO: A Multiscale Object Detection Method for Wafer Surface Defect

Abstract Surface defect detection on wafers is crucial for quality control in semiconductor manufacturing. However, the complexity of defect spatial features, including mixed defect types, large scale differences, and overlapping, results in low detection accuracy. In this paper, we propose a CC-De-YOLO model, which is based on the YOLOv7 backbone network. Firstly, the coordinate attention is inserted into the main feature extraction network. Coordinate attention decomposes channel attention into two one-dimensional feature coding processes, which are aggregated along both horizontal and vertical spatial directions to enhance the network’s sensitivity to orientation and position. Then, the nearest neighbor interpolation in the upsampling part is replaced by the CAR-EVC module, which predicts the upsampling kernel from the previous feature map and integrates semantic information into the feature map. Two residual structures are used to capture long-range semantic dependencies and improve feature representation capability. Finally, an efficient decoupled detection head is used to separate classification and regression tasks for better defect classification. To evaluate our model’s performance, we established a wafer surface defect dataset containing six typical defect categories. The experimental results show that the CCDe-YOLO model achieves 91.0% mAP@0.5 and 46.2% mAP@0.5:0.95, with precision of 89.5% and recall of 83.2%. Compared with the original YOLOv7 model and other object detection models, CC-De-YOLO performs better. Therefore, our proposed method meets the accuracy requirements for wafer surface defect detection and has broad application prospects. The dataset containing surface defect data on wafers is currently publicly available on GitHub (https://github.com/ztao3243/Wafer-Datas.git).

The Velocity Aberration Effect of the CSST Main Survey Camera* *This research has been generously supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC, Grant Nos. 12073047 and 12273077) and the National Key Research and Development (Grant No. 2022YFF0711500).

In this study, we conducted simulations to find the geometric aberrations expected for images taken by the Main Survey Camera of the Chinese Space Station Telescope (CSST) due to its motion. As anticipated by previous work, our findings indicate that the geometric distortion of light impacts the focal plane's apparent scale, with a more pronounced influence as the size of the focal plane increases. Our models suggest that the effect consistently influences the pixel scale in both the vertical and parallel directions. The apparent scale variation follows a sinusoidal distribution throughout one orbital period. Simulations reveal that the effect is particularly pronounced in the center of the Galaxy and gradually diminishes along the direction of ecliptic latitude. At low ecliptic latitudes, the total aberration leads to about a 0.94 pixel offset (a 20 minute exposure) and a 0.26 pixel offset (a 300 s exposure) at the edge of the field of view. Appropriate processings for the geometric effect during the CSST pre- and post-observation phases are presented.

ESTIMATING THE SOLAR EXERGY POTENTIAL OF SURFACES WITH DIFFERENT TILT ANGLES

Solar energy, which is a clean, unlimited, and environmentally friendly energy source, has critical importance in sustainable energy management. The usable potential of energy is expressed in terms of exergy, and the determination of the exergy potential of solar energy ensures the correct utilization of this potential. Turkey has a very high solar energy potential, and this potential should be utilized in the most efficient way possible to achieve sustainable energy targets. The tilt angle of solar panels has a significant effect on efficiency. Efficient operation of solar panels can be achieved by determining the optimum tilt angle. In this study, Turkey's solar exergy potential was calculated for the horizontal plane and five different tilt angles (21°, 30°, 39°, 48°, and 57°). Thus, it was tried to determine the appropriate panel angle to get the highest efficiency from solar panels that can be used in different regions of Turkey. The calculations are based on 22-year average solar energy potential data obtained from NASA. The exergy potential was determined for the coordinates where Turkey is located, and the potential for the regions between the coordinates was determined by the interpolation method. With the interpolation method used, an approximate estimation for the areas where there is no measurement is also provided, and it is aimed at saving the time and cost required for long-term measurements. Among the tilt angles analyzed, the optimum angle for the whole year was determined to be 30 degrees. The exergy potential for 30° inclined surfaces in all coordinates of Turkey is given as a seasonal map. With the use of the maps, it is thought that the optimum angle and exergy potential for different regions and seasons of Turkey will be predicted, and thus it will be easier for new investors to determine the high-potential regions of Turkey.

Exploring the dynamics of the heavy magnetized dusty plasma in laboratory experiments and solar wind interaction with lunar terminator: Theoretical predictions into the role of polarization force

This study is motivated by the lack of research that connects the dynamics of space dusty plasma (DP) with the existing experimental findings and the role of the magnetic field in the case of massive DP. For that purpose, we presented a theoretical interpretation of the dynamics of strongly (experimental) and weakly (space) magnetized DP, including the influence of the polarization force (PF). We used the multifluid model to describe the dynamics of dust particles while the hot plasma of electrons and ions is described by the Boltzmann distribution. We derived the dispersion relation to investigate the behavior of the compressive DAWs. To get a full picture of the mechanism of dust particles, we used the reductive perturbation technique to obtain the periodic solution for the Zakharov-Kuznetsov equation (ZK), which is coincidental with the observed wave profiles. In the case of the experimental application, we observed that the non-propagating instability starts at a small value of the polarization parameter (R), which is 0.02. Therefore, for values of R less than 0.02, the linear analysis revealed that increasing the value of the polarization parameter is not significant in distinguishing the growth rates. Moreover, we noted that both R and the applied magnetic field enhance the strength of the wave electric field. Interestingly, calculating the value of the electric field required to levitate the dust particles that are subject to a high magnetic field agrees with our theoretical findings. The current model has also been applied to DP observed in the lunar terminator. Our results reveal no role for the PF in the lunar terminator. Moreover, at certain values of plasma parameters such as the temperature of solar wind electrons and ions and the density of dust particles and solar wind electrons, there is a cutoff in the dispersion curve corresponding to certain values of the normalized wavenumber. Such electrostatic profiles could contribute to the observed glow in the horizontal direction of the lunar terminator.

Geotechnical characterization of tropical soil via laboratory testing

This manuscript presents the evaluation of relevant geotechnical properties of the soil profile in the northern region of Campinas, which are important for geotechnical engineering practice and development in São Paulo State. Disturbed and undisturbed samples from the subsoil were collected through the excavation of inspection shafts at the experimental site for Soil Mechanics and Foundations research at the State University of Campinas, located at the Faculty of Civil Engineering, Architecture and Urbanism (FEC). Laboratory tests were conducted, including soil characterization, soil shear strength, soil compressibility, soil permeability, and soil suction tests. The characterization tests indicated that the upper soil layer is subject to surface effects and more direct weathering action, with noticeable variations in the liquid and plasticity limit values. The permeability test results showed no significant variation between the values obtained in the vertical and horizontal directions. The soil-water characteristic curves for the studied profile were bimodal, typical of tropical soils with macro and microaggregated structures.

To Evaluate and Compare the Position of Frankfort Horizontal Plane and Camper\'s Plane to Occlusal Plane: An In Vivo Study

To Evaluate and Compare the Position of Frankfort Horizontal Plane and Camper\'s Plane to Occlusal Plane: An In Vivo Study